2023学年完整公开课版【知识讲解】Unit 10 Vocabulary Learning

VocabularyLearning—apologize【释义】v.tosaythatsb.issorryfordoingsth.wrongorcausingaproblem道歉，谢罪【例句】IapologizeifIhurtyourfeelings.如果我伤害了你的感情，那我道歉。Youmustapologizetohimforyourfault.你必须为你的过失向他赔罪。Heapologizedforhavingkeptuswaitingforhours.他为让我们等待数小时而向我们道歉。【同根词】apologyn.道歉，谢罪【常用搭配】[apologizefor]Heapologizedforhismistake.他为自己的错误而道歉。apologize/əˈpɒlədʒaɪz/VocabularyLearning—appeal【释义】v.tomakeaformalrequesttoacourtortosb.inauthorityforajudgementoradecisiontobechanged上诉，申诉；tomakeaseriousandurgentrequest呼吁，恳求；toattractorinterestsb.有吸引力，有感染力，引起兴趣n.aformalrequesttoacourtortosb.inauthorityforajudgementoradecisiontobechanged上诉，申诉；aqualitythatmakessb./sth.attractiveorinteresting吸引力，感染力【例句】Thecommunityisappealingtoeveryonetosavewater.社区呼吁每个人节约用水。Jazzhasn’tmuchappealtome.爵士乐对我没有什么吸引力。【常用搭配】[appealto]Thepoliceappealedtothecrowdnottopanic.警方向群众呼吁不要惊慌。appeal/əˈpiːl/VocabularyLearning—conflict【释义】n.astateof

disagreement

or

argument

betweenpeople,groups,countriesetc(意见等的)抵触，冲突，矛盾；fightingorawar武装冲突；战斗；战争v.iftwoideas,beliefs,opinionsetcconflict,theycannotexisttogetherorbothbetrue抵触，冲突，矛盾【例句】Marxpointsoutthepotentialconflictsbelowthesurfaceofsociety.马克思指出了隐藏在社会表层之下的潜在矛盾。

Foryearstheregionhasbeentornapartbyarmedconflicts.多年来这一地区被武装冲突搞得四分五裂。【常用搭配】[+withsth.]

Ihavefoundnewevidencewhichconflictswithpreviousfindings.我已经找到与先前的发现相矛盾的新证据。conflict/ˈkɒnflɪkt/VocabularyLearning—consequence【释义】n.aresultofsth.thathashappened结果，后果；importance重要性【例句】Nobodycantellwhattheconsequencesmaybe.没有人能说出可能的后果。Heisamanofgreatconsequence.他是一个很重要的人物。【同根词】consequentadj.随之发生的，作为结果的【词语辨析】result,effect,consequence这组词都有“结果”的意思，其区别是：result普通用词，含义广泛，侧重因某种原因所产生的最终结果，而不是眼前的结果；effect指因某种原因直接产生的结果，着重持续稳定与其影响；consequence多指随某一事件引起的，必然或自然的不良结果，不强调直接的因果关系，而侧重事件发展的逻辑关系。consequence/ˈkɒnsɪkwəns/VocabularyLearning—dare【释义】vi.＆modalv.tobebraveenoughtodosomething胆敢；敢于【例句】MostpeoplehateHarrybuttheydon’tdaretosayso.多数人都讨厌哈里，但他们不敢说出来。Theydaren’taskforanymoremoney.他们不敢再要钱了。【常用搭配】[Idaresay]Idaresayyouareright.我认为你是对的。【同根词】daringadj.

大胆的；勇敢的【词语辨析】risk,chance,darerisk指不顾个人安危去干某事，侧重主动承担风险。venture

指冒风险试一试，或指有礼貌的反抗或反对。dare可与venture换用，但语气较强，着重挑战或违抗。dare/deə(r)/VocabularyLearning—disturb【释义】v.tointerruptsb.whentheyaretryingtowork,sleep,etc.干扰；tomovesth.orchangeitsposition搅乱，弄乱【例句】I’msorrytodisturbyou,butcanItalktoyouforamoment?对不起，打扰你一下，我能跟你谈一会儿吗？Don’tdisturbthepapersonmydesk.别把我写字台上的文件弄乱了。【同根词】disturbancen.骚乱，扰乱【词语辨析】trouble,annoy,disturb,bothertrouble指给人在行动上带来不便或在身心上造成痛苦；annoy强调因被迫忍受令人不快、讨厌的事而失去平静或耐心，多指一时的打扰或恼怒；disturb较正式用词，多用被动态。指扰乱，使人不能平静或妨碍别人工作、思维或正常秩序，是程度较深的烦恼；bother指使人烦恼而引起的紧张不安或感到不耐烦。disturb/dɪˈstɜːb/VocabularyLearning—document【释义】n.apaperorsetofpaperswithwrittenorprintedinformation,especiallyofanofficialtype（尤指正式的）文件，公文；v.torecordthedetailsofanevent,aprocess,etc.记录，记载【例句】Theyarechargedwithusingforgeddocuments.他们被控使用伪造的文件。Causesofthediseasehavebeenwelldocumented.这种疾病的起因已有完备的记载。【常用搭配】[official/legal/confidential+…]SheproduceslegaldocumentsforadowntownSeattlelawfirm.她为西雅图市区的一家法律事务所撰写法律文件。【近义词】papern.

文件，报纸【同根词】documentaryn.（电影或电视）纪录片document/ˈdɒkjəmənt/VocabularyLearning—envy【释义】v.towishyouhadthesamequalities,possessions,opportunities,etc.assb.else羡慕，忌妒n.thefeelingofwantingtobeinthesamesituationassb.else,thefeelingofwantingsth.thatsb.elsehas羡慕，忌妒【例句】Don’tenvyanyonewholivesbetterthanyou.不要忌妒比你日子过得好的人。Theywerefullofenvywhentheysawmynewcar.他们看了我的新汽车都非常羡慕。【同根词】enviousadj.羡慕的，忌妒的【词语辨析】jealousy,envy这组词都有“忌妒”的意思，其区别是：jealousy强调对别人占有的东西恼怒、怨恨或不满；envy侧重指因别人获得了自己本想获得的东西或成就而产生忌妒。envy/ˈenvi/VocabularyLearning—freeze【释义】v.tostopmovingsuddenlybecauseoffear,etc突然停住，呆住；tobecomehard,andoftenturntoice,asaresultofextremecold冻住【例句】Ifrozewithterrorasthedoorslowlyopened.门慢慢开启时我吓呆了。Thecoldweatherhadfrozentheground.寒冷的天气使地面都冻硬了。【常用搭配】[+over]Thelakefreezesoverinwinter.这个湖冬天全部封冻。【同根词】freezern.冰箱；冷冻库；制冷工freeze

/friːz/VocabularyLearning—frequently【释义】adv.often频繁地，经常【例句】Hecomestovisitmefrequently.他经常来看我。Iworkoutfrequentlytokeepfit.我经常做运动以保持健康。【同根词】frequentadj.频繁的，时常发生的【词语辨析】always,often,usually,frequentlyalways总是，永远，语气最强，指在一切时候，没有例外；often经常，语气弱于always，侧重动作发生的次数具有经常性，具体时间意味不强；usually通常，通例地，指习惯性动作，频度仅次于always，较often大，偶尔有间隔；frequently时常，经常，与often同义，可通用，但较正式，强调次数频繁。frequently/ˈfriːkwəntli/VocabularyLearning—household【释义】n.allthepeoplewholivetogetherinonehouse一家人adj.relatingtolookingafterahouseandthepeopleinit家庭的，家用的，家务的【例句】Agrowingnumberofhouseholdshaveatleastonecomputer.越来越多的家庭拥有至少一台计算机。Videophoneswon’tbecomea

householdappliance

foralongtime.视频电话在很长一段时间内都不会成为家用电器。【常用搭配】[householdword]TheadvertisementcampaignisdesignedtomakethisnewproductahouseholdwordineveryChinesehome.这次广告宣传的目的就是要使这一新产品在中国家喻户晓。【构词法】upholdv举起，高举，支持household/ˈhaʊshəʊld/VocabularyLearning—investigate【释义】v.tocarefullyexaminethefactsofasituation,anevent,acrime,etc.查明，调查【例句】TheFBIhasbeencalledintoinvestigate.联邦调查局奉命进行调查。Scientistsareinvestigatingtheeffectsofdietonfightingcancer.科学家正在研究饮食的抗癌作用。【词语搭配】n.investigatecomplaints调查投诉investigateacrime调查罪案policeinvestigate警方调查investigatethepossibilityofsth.调查某事的可能性adv.fullyinvestigate全面调查investigatefurther进一步调查【同义词】lookintoinvestigate/ɪnˈvestɪɡeɪt/

VocabularyLearning—proceed【释义】v.tomoveortravelinaparticulardirection行进tocontinuedoingsththathasalreadybeenstarted;tocontinuebeingdone继续做【例句】Themarchersproceededslowlyalongthestreet.游行者沿着街道缓缓行进。We’renotsurewhetherwestillwanttoproceedwiththesale.我们不确定是否还要继续减价促销。PassengersforRomeshouldproceedtoGate32forboarding.前往罗马的旅客，请到32号登机口登机。【同根词】proceedingn.进程；做法【同义词辨析】proceed;progress;advanceproceed指向某一方向移动，也可指继续做某事；progress指发展、提高，也指工作或计划继续进行；advance尤指士兵向前行进，也指科学技术发展进步。proceed/prəˈsiːd/VocabularyLearning—intervention【释义】n.the

act

ofbecoming

involved

inan

argument,

fight,orotherdifficult

situation

inordertochangewhat

happens介入；出面；干涉【例句】Thetwomenwouldhavecontinuedfightingbutfortheinterventionofapoliceman.要是没有警察前来干预，两个人会一个劲儿打下去的。Heunderwentthesurgicalinterventiononbloodvesselsofhisleftleg.他左腿的血管动过外科手术。【同根词】intervenev.介入，干涉【同义词】interferencen.介入，干预involvementn.牵连到的事物intervention/ˌɪntəˈvenʃən/VocabularyLearning—release【释义】v.to

let

someoneorsomethinggo

free,afterhavingkeptthemsomewhere释放；排放；tomakea

CD,

filmetc

available

forpeopleto

buy

orsee首映（电影）发行（CD、书等）n.

anewCD,film,computergameetcthatisavailabletobuyorsee发行，发布【例句】Afterthetrainerwassurethatthewhalecouldlookafteritself,hereleaseditintothesea.训练员确信那条鲸鱼可以自己照顾自己后，他把它放回大海。ThesoftwareisplannedforreleaseinApril.该软件计划于四月份发布。【常用搭配】[+sb.fromsth.]Hewasreleasedfromthehospitalyesterday.他昨天出院了。release/rɪˈliːs/VocabularyLearning—reveal【释义】v.