2023学年完整公开课版【知识讲解】Unit 1 Vocabulary Learning

VocabularyLearning—advertisement【释义】n.anotice,pictureorfilmtellingpeopleaboutaproduct,joborservice广告【例句】Putanadvertisementinthelocalpapertosellyourcar.在当地报纸登一则广告来出售你的汽车。Asatisfiedcustomeristhebestadvertisement.满意的顾客是最好的广告。【近义词】publicityn.宣传，广告【同根词】advertisev.做广告，宣传；advertisingn.广告业【常用搭配】[TVadvertisement]Today’sTVadvertisementhastoomanyfalsedescriptions.现在的电视广告存在太多虚假的描述。advertisement/ədˈvɜːtɪsmənt/VocabularyLearning—amuse【释义】v.tomakesb.laughorsmile逗笑，逗乐；tomaketimepasspleasantlyforsb.（提供）消遣，（使）娱乐【例句】Hisjokesamusedthecryingchild.他的笑话逗笑了那个正哭闹的孩子。Iamusemyselfbyreadingonweekends.周末我读书消遣。【常用搭配】[amuseoneself]Whilewaiting,heamusedhimselfbycountingcarsthatpassed.在等候的时候，他以数过往的车子来打发时间。【词语辨析】amuse,entertainamuse指使人通过注意某些有趣或悦人的事物而消遣，着重使人愉快的效果；entertain指通过给他人快乐感的消遣活动，使自己或他人从单调中解脱出来。amuse/əˈmjuːz/VocabularyLearning—automatic【释义】adj.havingcontrolsthatworkwithoutneedingapersontooperatethem自动的；doneorhappeningwithoutthinking无意识的，不假思索的【例句】Wecangetchocolatefromanautomaticmachine.我们可以在自动售货机买巧克力。Breathingisanautomaticfunctionofthebody.呼吸是身体的一种无意识的功能。【同根词】automationn.自动化automaticallyadv.自动地；无意识地automatizev.使自动化【常用搭配】[fullyautomatic]Theproductionlineisfullyautomaticinthisfactory.这家工厂的生产线是全自动的。automatic/ˌɔːtəˈmætɪk/VocabularyLearning—construction【释义】n.athingthathasbeenbuiltormade建筑物theprocessormethodofbuildingormakingsth建造；建筑【例句】The

summer

house

was

a

simple

wooden

construction.

那座避暑别墅是简单的木结构建筑。Therailwayisstillunderconstruction.这条铁路仍在建设之中。Work

has

begun

on

the

construction

of

the

new

airport.新机场的修建已经开工。【同根词】constructv.建造，修建，创建【熟词生义】Thenovelisconstructedfromon-the­-spotreports._________【语境活用】Thegreatbridgeunder_____________isdesignedbyChineseengineersanditwilltakeaboutayearto__________thelargebridge.(construct)construction/kənˈstrʌkʃn/construction

construct

构思

VocabularyLearning—critical【释义】adj.expressingdisapprovalofsb./sth.批评的，批判性的；extremelyimportant极重要的，关键的，至关紧要的；serious,uncertainandpossiblydangerous严重的，不稳定的，可能有危险的【例句】Tom’sparentswerehighlycriticaloftheschool.汤姆的父母对学校提出了强烈的批评。Yourdecisioniscriticaltoourfuture.你的决定对我们的将来至关重要。Thefirst24hoursaftertheoperationarethemostcritical.病人手术后头24小时是最危险的。【同根词】criticallyadv.批评性地，严重地，精密地criticismn.批评criticizev.批评，评论critical/ˈkrɪtɪkl/VocabularyLearning—instance【释义】n.aparticularexampleorcaseofsth.例子，实例【例句】Canyougiveaninstanceoftheboy’sability?你能举例说明那个男孩的才能吗？Inmostinstancesthepainsoongoesaway.在多数情况下，这种疼痛很快就会消失。【常用搭配】[forinstance]Severalofhisfriendscame:Ben,CarolandMike,forinstance.他的几个朋友来了，比如本、卡罗尔、麦克。【词义辨析】case,example,instancecase多指需要加以认真研究的实例，如病例，案例等；example普通用词，指能代表同类事物性质或一般规律的典型例子；instance多指用于说明、支持或反证一般事实或理论的事例。instance/ˈɪnstəns/VocabularyLearning—interaction【释义】n.akindofactionthatoccursastwoormoreobjectshaveaneffectupononeanother交流，互动【例句】Peoplegetjobsatisfactionfromdifferentfactors,suchassocialinteractionwithcolleagues.人们从工作中得到不同方面的满足，比如同事之间的相互交流。【同根词】interactv.互动，相互作用；interactiveadj.交互的，互动的【常用搭配】[interactionbetween]Thereisaneedformoreinteraction

betweenteachersandstudents.老师与学生之间需要更多的交流。interaction/ˌɪntərˈækʃ(ə)n/VocabularyLearning—investigate【释义】v.toexamineacrime,problem,statement,etc.carefully,especiallytodiscoverthetruth（尤指为揭开真相）调查，审查【例句】Policeareinvestigatingallegationsofcorruptioninvolvingseniorexecutives.警方正在调查对高级管理人员涉嫌贪污的指控。Weareofcourseinvestigatinghowanerrorlikethiscouldhaveoccurred.我们当然正在调查发生此类错误的原因。【常用搭配】[be+…+by]Thetwoofficerswerebeinginvestigatedbythedirectorofpublicprosecutions.公诉主任正在调查这两名官员。【同义词】examinev.

检查，调查【同根词】investigationn.调查investigate/ɪnˈvestɪɡeɪt/VocabularyLearning—minor【释义】adj.notverylarge,importantorserious较小的；次要的；轻微的【例句】Theremaybesomeminorchangestotheschedule.时间安排也许会有些小小的变动。Heescapedwithonlyminorinjuries.他受了轻伤，逃跑了。【同根词】minorityn.少数；少数民族【同义词辨析】minor;pretty;smallminor尤指比起其他事物来较小或不是很重要、很严重的；pretty指问题、细节等琐碎的；small指尺寸或数量小的，也指工作、问题、错误等不重要的或影响不大的。minor/ˈmaɪnə(r)/VocabularyLearning—persuade【释义】v.tomakesomeone

decide

todosomething说服，劝服；tomakesomeone

believe

somethingorfeel

sureaboutsomething使相信；使信服【例句】Sheisalwayseasilypersuaded.她总是很容易被说服。IpersuadedhimthatIwastellingthetruth.我使他相信我讲的是实情。【常用搭配】[+sb.todosth.]Shepersuadedmetogotoadentalschool.她说服了我去牙科学校学习。[+sb.ofsth.]Iampersuadedofhishonesty.我相信他是诚实的。persuade/pəˈsweɪd/VocabularyLearning—profession【释义】n.ajobthatneedsahigh

level

of

education

and

training（需要专业教育和训练的）专业，行业；allthepeoplewhoworkinaparticularprofession某职业的全体人员【例句】

Somestudentsenterotherprofessionssuchasartsadministration.有些学生加入了其他行业，例如艺术管理。Shewasattheverytopofherprofession.她是同行中的佼佼者。【常用搭配】[byprofession]Johnsonwasabarristerbyprofession.约翰逊的职业是出庭律师。【同义词】occupationn.职业【同根词】professionaladj.专业的，职业的profession/prəˈfeʃən/VocabularyLearning—purchase【释义】vt.tobuysth.买，购买n.theactorprocessofbuyingsth.购买，采购；somethingthatyouhavebought购买的东西【例句】Wepurchasedacarbefore.以前我们买过一辆车。Goodsareopentofreepurchase.商品可以自由采购。【同根词】purchasern.买方，购买者【词语辨析】buy,purchase这组词都有“购买”的意思，其区别是：buy普通日常用词，既可指日常随意购物也可指大量购买。purchase正式用词，指大宗购货或购买重要东西，无感情色彩，强调物品的购得。purchase/ˈpɜːtʃəs/VocabularyLearning—trap【释义】vt.topreventsomeonefromescapingfromsomewhere,especiallyadangerousplace使落入险境；使陷入圈套n.anunpleasantordifficultsituationthatisdifficulttoescapefrom险境；陷阱，牢笼【例句】Twentyminersweretrappedunderground.20名矿工被困在地下。Amandafeltthatmarriagewasatrap.阿曼达觉得婚姻是个牢笼。【常