艺术类专业大学英语综合教程2教参

ArtMarket

Part/

tartingActivities

I.Matching

Lookatthepictures.Somerepresentativeworksoftheworldstopsellingcontemporaryartists

(basedonauctionrecordscompiledbyArtprice)arelistedinalphabeticorder—A,B,Candso

on.Thepicturesoftheseartistsarebelowthem.Trytomatchtheartistswiththeirartworks.

Andthenpleasechooseoneortwoofthemandmakeadescriptionwiththefollowingtips.

Keys:

l.B2.A3.E4.D5.C

ZhangXiaogangisabest-sellingcontemporaryChineseartistandafavoriteofforeigncollectors.Createdin

theyear1993,theBigFamilyserieswasactuallyapartofaseriesthatZhangXiaogangpaintedbasedonthe

particulartheme.Thepaintingshowsasmallfamilyof3people.Theyellowmarksontheirrespectivefacesare

actuallyusedtodepicttheconceptofbloodline.Also,thispaintingremainsoneoftheiconsofrealisminChinese

art.

II.Presentation

Asyouknow,themajorparticipantsoftheartmarketincludeartists,dealers,collectors,critics

andmuseums.Now,pleasehaveatalkwithyourpartneraboutthedifferentrolesthattheseart

marketparticipantsmayplayrespectively.Thengiveaspeechtotheclassaboutwhatyouhave

talkedabout.

Keys:

Generallyspeaking,alltheparticipantsfunctiontogethertomakeartmarketwork:artistsproduce,dealers

sell,collectorsbuy,criticsjudgeandmuseumsvalidate.Anddifferentpiecesofartworkhavedifferentartprices,

1

类专业大学英语综合教程2（美术设计类）教师用书

thebestpiecessellingathigherpricesthanthoseoflowquality.

Forthoseartcollectors/lovers/keepers/dealers,theirpassion,curiosityandpursuitforarthadallowedtheart

markettoevolveandflourish.Someofthemconcentratetheireyesontheprofitabilityofart,whiletheothersare

consistentlyconcernedmoreontheartisticqualityoftheartwork.Anyhow,theirbehaviorswillgreatlyinfluence

thewaytheartmarketisgoing.

Yes,therearesimilaritiesamongthem.PictureOne,Three,Fivelookliketheoriginalanimalsmorethan

PictureTwo,FourandSixdo.

Part//

ReadingIn

ReadingA

I.BackgroundInformation

TheGagosianGallery

TheGagosianGalleryisacontemporaryartgalleryownedbyLarryGagosian.Therearesevenlocations:

fourintheUnitedStates(threeinNewYork,oneinBeverlyHills),twoinLondon,andoneinRome,Italy.

ExhibitedartistsincludeAndyWarhol,DamienHirst,TraceyEmin,FrankStella,RachelWhiteread,Jake

andDinosChapman,JohnCumn,JasperJohns,GilbertandGeorgeandNanGoldin.

Hauser&Wirt

Hauser&Wirthisagalleryofcontemporaryartandmodernmasters,foundedinZurichin1992byIwan

Wirth,ManuelaWirthandUrsulaHauser.In1996,thegallery*sfirstpermanentlocation,Hauser&WirthZurich,

openedintheformerLowenbraubrewerybuilding,alongwithothercontemporaryartgalleries,theKunsthalle

Zurich,andtheMigrosMuseumfurGegenwartskunstZurich.

DavidZwirnerGallery

DavidZwirnerGalleryisacontemporaryartgalleryinNewYorkCityandLondonownedbyDavid

Zwinierthatisactiveinboththeprimaryandsecondarymarkets.

Thegalleryopenedin1993onthegroundfloorof43GreeneStreetinSoHo.In2002,thegallerymovedto

525West19thStreetinChelsea.In2006,itexpandedfromI(),000to30,000squarefeet(2,800m2),adding

2

Unit1ArtinMarket

spacesat519and533West19thStreet.Thisallowsthegallerytomountthreeindependent,full-scaleexhibitions

simultaneously.From2000to2009,ZwirnerwasapartnerwithIwanWirthinZwirner&Wirth.

InMarch2012,thegalleryannounceditsexpansiontoEurope(inLondonsMayfairneighborhood)and

NewYorkCity(withanewfive-storybuildingat537West20thStreet),designedbyarchitectAnnabelle

Selldorf.TheLondongalleryopenedinOctober2012withasoloexhibitionofnewworksbyLucTuymans.

II.LanguagePoints

1.preservev.

〜(from)tokeepsafefromharmordanger保护；防护

tokeepfromdecay,riskofgoingbad,etc.保藏;储存

tokeepfromloss;retain(qualities,etc.)使不损失；维持(品质等)

tokeepalive(sb'snameormemory);keepextant使(某人的名字或名声)流传，使留存

Examples:Thevaserasbeenpreservedintact.

这能最保存得完好无损。

Icehelpstopreservefood.

冰有助于保存食物.

Thesocietywassetuptopresenceendangeredspeciesfromextinction.

成立这个协会是为了保护濒危物种不被灭绝。

2.boomV.tohaveaperiodofrapidgrowth;tobecomebigger,moresuccessful,etc迅速发展；激增；繁荣昌盛

Examples:Maryisboomingasasinger.

作为一个歌唱家，玛丽的名气大起来了。

Thefrontiertownboomedwhengoldwasdiscoverednearby.

当那个边疆城镇附近发现金矿时它迅速而蓬勃发展起来。

3.heraldv.tobeasignthatsth,isgoingtohappen是(某事)的前兆，预示

Examples:Thesetalkscouldheraldaneweraofpeace.

这些谈判可能预示着新的和平时代的来临。

SomeanalystspredictthattodayJseconomicdoldrumscouldheraldalastingeraofhigh

unemployment,lowexpectationsandadiminishedstandardofliving.一些分析家预测，今天的经济

低迷可能预示着一个长期高失业率、低期望值和低生活水平时代的到来。

4.hypothesisn.[C]anoraidea,suggestion,putforwardasastartingpointforreasoningorexplanation假设，假说

Examples:Differenthypotheseshavebeenputforwardtoexplainwhythesefoodsaremorelikelytocause

problems.

人们已经提出不同的假说来解释为什么这些食物更有可能带来问题。

Theresultsconfirmedhishypothesisontheuseofmodalverbs.

结果证实了他的关于情态动词用法的假设。

3

类专业大学英语综合教程2（美术设计类）教师用书

5.rashadj.toohasty;overbold;done,doingthings,withoutenoughthoughtoftheconsequences太匆'忙；太

鲁莽;轻率而未考虑其后果的

Examples:Don'tberashinmakingyourdecision.

别轻率做出决定。

Heisrashandisalwaysjumpingtoconclusions.

他很鲁莽,总是轻率的下结论.

6.embattledadj.

1.havingalotofproblemsordifficulties被困扰的；处境艰难的

2.beinginvolvedinthefightinginawar;beingsurroundedbyenemyforces卷入战争的;被敌人包围的

Examples:Theembattledpresidentalsodeniedrecentclaimsthathewasbeingheldhostagebyhisownsoldiers.

这位焦头烂额的总统还否认了最近有关他被自己的士兵挟持为人质的说法。

Embattledonallsides,ithasreallybecomeacityindanger.由于四面受敌，这里

俨然成了一座危城。

7.treadv.

1.〜（onsth）towalk,putthefootorfeetdown（on）走；踩；践踏

2.〜（out/down）tocrushorpresssth.withthefeet踩碎；践踏

3towalksomewhere行走;步行;走

4towalkalong

Examples:Don'ttreadoncrops.

不要踩踏庄稼。

Don'ttreadashintothecarpet!

别把烟灰踩进地毯里！

Fewpeoplehadtrodthispathbefore.

以前没有多少人走过这条小路。

Shetrodcasually,enjoyingthetouchofthedampgrassonherfeet.

她信步而行，享受着湿漉漉的草地触及双脚的感觉。

8.compatriotn.apersonbornin,orisacitizenofthesamecountryasanother;fellow-countryman同国人;

同胞

Examples:Heplayedagainstoneofhiscompatriotsinthesemi-final.

他在半决赛中与他的一位同胞选手对垒。

Mydearcompatriot,itistimethatwedidsomethingforourcountry.

亲爱的同胞们，为国效劳的时候到了。

9.poachv.

1.to（goonsbelse'spropertyand）take（hares,pheasants,salmon,etc）illegally（侵入他人之土地）非法猎取

或捕取（野兔、野鸡、畦等），偷猎;偷捕

2.（fig）totakeandusesb./sth.thatbelongstosb./sth.elseespeciallyinasecret,dishonestorunfairway盗用；

挖走（人员等）

4

Unit1ArtinMarket

Examples:Theycan'tpoachherringfromourwaters.

他们不能从我们水域偷捕却鱼。

Weshallseethecomputerbeginningtopoachonthepreservesofhumanbeings.

我们将看到计算机开始侵入本是人类独有的活动范围。

10.nastyadj.

1.verybadorunpleasant极美的；令人厌恶的；令人不悦的

2.morallydirtyandunpleasant在道德上令人不悦;淫猥的；卑劣的

3showingillwillandspite表示恶意的；坏心眼的

4dangerousorserions危险的；严重的

anastyaccident严重事故

anastyinjury危险伤害

Examples:ThatdamnedFarrelmadesomenastyjokeshereaboutMr.Lane.

那个该死的法雷尔开了些关于莱恩先生的下流玩笑。

Hescreweduphisfaceatthenastysmell.闻至U这令人作

呕的气味,他皱眉蹙额。

11.brutishadj.unkindandvidentandnotshowingthonghtorintelligence残忍的;粗野的;蛮横的

Examples:Theideaofmenbeatingeachothersenselessforpayseemedbrutishtoher.

人们为了赚钱而毫无意义地互相斗殴,在她看来是野蛮的。

Thepoorpeoplelivedinbrutishconditions.穷苦的人生活在

牛马不如的环境中.

12.unseatv.

1.toremovesb.fromoffice免职；罢免；罢出

2.tomakesb.falloffahorseorbicgcle使掉下马(或自行车)

Examples:Therepublicansaretryingtounseattheliberaldemocrat.

共和党人试图把这位自由民主党人赶下台。

Shewasunseatedonherfirstride.她第——次骑

马就从马上摔了下来。

13.genteeladj.quietandpoliteofteninanexaggeratedway,fromorpretendingtobefrom,ahighsocialclsaa

显得彬彬有礼的;假斯文的上流社会的;装体面的;装出绅士派头的

Examples:Shealwaystalksinsuchagenteelvoicewhenshe'sonthephone.

她打电话时,说话总是摆出一副上流架子。

Ihaveknownmanycouples,whohaveentirelydislikedeachother,leadverycomfortablegenteellives.

我认识许多对夫妻，彼此根本不喜欢，生活仍然非常舒适温存.

14.flashyadj.brilliantandattractivebutnotingoodtaste;givento(rathervulgar)display浮华的；炫耀平庸

的;俗丽的

Examples:Hewasmuchlessflashythanhisbrother.

他远没有他的兄弟那么招摇。

5

类专业大学英语综合教程2（美术设计类）教师用书

Hewasill-equippedtohandletheflashyshowmanshipofBirdsong.

他根本没有办法对付伯德桑这种哗众取宠的手腕。

15.attheexpenseofwiththesacrificeof牺牲；以...为代价

Examples:Don'tprofityourselfattheexpenseofothers.

不要占他人的便宜。

Hefinishedthejobattheexpenseofhishealth.

他完成了那件工作，但却损害了健康。

16.athandnear;withinreach在近处；在手边；即将到来

Examples:Whenhewrites,healwayskeepsadictionaryathand.

他写作时手边总备有一本词典。

Nowthelongawaitedwintervacationisnearathand.

等待好久的寒假快要到啦.

17.turnouttoprovetobeto证明是...

Examples:IfIhadknownmylifewasgoingtoturnoutlikethis,Iwouldhaveletthemkillme.

如果我早知道自己的人生结局会是如此,我当时宁愿让他们杀了我。

Sometimesthingsdon'tturnoutthewaywethinkthey'regoingto.有时事情并不

像我们认为的那样发展。

SentenceExplanation

18.Attimesitcanseemlikethegiantblue-chipgalleries,amongthemGagosian,Hauser&Wirth,David

Zwirner,andothers,aresuckingtheoxygenoutoftheroom.

Nowandthen,youcanseethatthelarge,powerfulandsuccessfulgalleries,suchasGagosian,Hauser&

Wirth,DavidZwimer,andothers,seemtobetakingawaythemostvaluableartresourcesfromtheart

market.

18・Thiscomesattheexpenseoflesswidelyheraldedartistsandsmallergalleries.

Thisresultsfromthesacrificeofthoselessfamousandpopularartistsandsmallergalleries.

19.Thesuperricharedrivingthetrain,andnooneseemslikelytounseatthem.

Theoperationoftheartmarketislikearunningtrain.Itisthosemostrichpeoplethatcontrolanddirectthe

operationoftheartmarket.Whal'smore,itseemsthatnoonecanpossiblystoptheiraction.

UI.KeytoExercises

ReadingA

Beforereading,trytothinkaboutthefollowingquestions:

1.Whatdoyouknowaboutthepresentartmarket?

2.Whichpartoftheworldartmarketdoyouthinkismostprosperous,thehighend,thelowersectororthe

middlesector?

6

Unit1ArtinMarket

Keys:open

Answerforreference:

1.Itissaidthat,comparedwiththepastartmarket,thepresentartmarkethastransformedfromaclosedcircle

ofartloverstoagloballyexpandingindustry.Moneyhasgainedanewimportanceinthepositioningand

theevaluationofart.Today'sartworldisevendescribedasagulfbetweenthosewhocanaffordtobuyart

andthosewhojustloveit.

2.AsfarasIknow,thehighendoftheartmarketismostprosperous.Influencedbyeconomy,manycollectors

losttheirinterestininvestinginartworks,buttherearestillsomebigcollectorsandtycoonswhoexpectto

maintainandevenincreasethevalueoftheirpropertybycollectingsomehigh-endartworksor

masterpieces.

ReadingandUnderstanding

I.Howdoyouunderstandthetext?Answerthefollowingquestions.

Keys:1.C2.D3.A4.C

II.SummarySpeech

Giveaspeechtosummarizewhatyouhavelearnedinthetext.Inyourspeech,youcanansweroneor

allofthequestionslistedbelow:

1.Whatisthepresentsituationoftheworldartmarket?

2.Whatorwhodopeoplethinkshouldberesponsiblefbrthefactthatthehighendoftheartmarketis

boomingwhilethemiddlesectorisvanishing?

3.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardsthefurtherdevelopmentoftheglobalartmarket?

Keys:

2.Alltheparticipantsoftheartmarket,includingartists,artcollectors,artdealers,artkeepers,criticsand

museums,areplayingimportantrolesindeterminingthewaythattheglobalartmarketisgoing.Maybewecan

notpredictwhichsectoroftheartmarketwillcontinuetogrow,surviveorjustvanishfinally.Butwecananalyze

thedifferentrolesthattheseparticipantsmaybeplayingindifferentperiodsoftime,andthendeterminewhatwe

candotoplayapositiveroleinthedevelopmentoftheglobalartmarket.

III.QuestionsforCriticalThinkingandTalking

学生用书P18页对不上呀

Keys:

1.Open.Forreference:

Ithinkthemajormarketsinbigcitiescanbeseenascomparativelyreliableartmarkets,becauseart

collectorsoftenliketoauctiontheirpiecesofartthere.Andinthesemajorartmarkets,therearenotonlylarge

numbersofartloversandkeepers,butalsoanumberoftraditionalartmaterials.

7

类专业大学英语综合教程2（美术设计类）教师用书

2.Open.Forreference:

Idon'tthinkanypersonorsinglefactormaydominantthedevelopmentofglobalartmarket.Infact,itisall

theparticipantsoftheartmarket,includingartists,artcollectors,artdealers,artkeepers,criticsandmuseumsthat

worktogethertoplayimportantrolesindeterminingthewaythattheglobalartmarketisgoing.

WordsInUse

I.Matcheachwordwithitsdefinition.

Keys:

1.B2.A3.F4.G5.D6.H7.C8.E

II.Fillintheblankswiththewordsgivenbelow.Changetheformwherenecessary.

Keys:

1.poach2.genteel3.trodden4.preserve

5.rash6.embattled7.booming8.hypothesis

III.Choosetheproperwordtofillineachblank.

Keys:

l.C2.D3.A4.B5.A6.D7.B8.A

SentenceStructure

I.Combinethefollowingsentenceswith“asif”.

Keys:

1.Myneighbortreatsthechildkindlyandpatientlyasiftheywerehisparents.

2.Herfaceispaleasifshewereseriouslyill.

3.Heenjoysthemealverymuchasifitwereoneofthebestmealsheeverhashad.

4.Shestandsatthegateasifshewerewaitingforsomeone.

II.Rewritethefollowingsentencesafterthemodel.

Keys:

1.EitheryouorIwillgotheretomorrow.

2.Whenthegirlishappy,sheeithersingsordances.

3.Eitheryouortheheadmasterwillhandouttheprizetothesegiftedstudentsatthemeeting.

4.Sorrowandtroubleeithersoftentheheartorhardenit.

III.Choosetheproperwordtofillineachblank.

Keys:

l.C2.A3.C4.B5.A

8

Unit1ArtinMarket

Translation

I.TranslatethesentencesintoChinese.

Keys:

1.就好像我们在保护中产阶级上还不够麻烦似的，中级的艺术市场成为了艺术界中商业人士在近日来讨

论的最新话题。

2.艺术评论员MartinNewmaniiE（DailyMirror》将高端艺术市场的不断繁荣与中端市场的困难重重归咎

于许多收藏家的轻率。艺术市场泡沫的边缘（如果泡沫真的存在的话）正是被这些不断推动价格上涨

3.的进取心十足的经销商推进的。他还称购买艺术品也许还能为有钱人提供一种文雅的、有教养的形

象一一毕竟他们通常都是靠自己的金钱来源来获得注意力的。我们是希望一个充满了高古轩们、

4.达明安•赫斯特们和杰夫•昆斯们的艺术界，还是想要一些不那么俗气、有更多理性的思考、也许还会

不那么合乎潮流的东西？

5.

II.TranslatetheChineseintoEnglish.

Keys:

1.asifwewereherownchildren

2.attheexpenseofhishealth

3.athand

4.isquiteintomusic.

5.drewpeople'sattentionawayfromenjoyingthosewonderfulpaintings

MChineseVersionoftheTexts、

面临沉寂的中端当代艺术市场

就好像我们在保护中产阶级上还不够麻烦似的，中级的艺术市场成为了艺术界中商业人士在近日来讨

论的最新话题。为什么顶端的艺术市场能够持续繁荣，而低、中端的艺术市场却经受着磨难？

诸如高古轩、Hauser&Wirth>DavidZwimer等一流画廊似乎有时候将整个空间里的氧气都吸光了：它们占

据了所有的新闻头条;它们代理的当代艺术家不断地创造拍卖纪录，在博物馆举办展览，在你前往的任何一

场艺博会中大放异彩。这是以损害那些不太著名的艺术家及小型画廊的利益为代价的。以下是对目前这

些问题的一些推测。

是收藏家的错？

艺术评论员MartinNewman在SailyMirror》将高端艺术市场的不断繁荣与中端市场的困难重重归咎

于许多收藏家的轻率。新出现的、富有的收藏家''大量购买''新的艺术品，从著名画廊购得充足的新作品，而

这至少会导致某些艺术家从无名走向出名吧？资本不足的收藏家被排挤出去了，而某些艺术家也得不到他

们需要的“养分”一一要不就卖出数百万的作品，要不就一件都卖不出去。

9

茗术类专业大学英语综合教程2（美术设计类）教师用书

是经销商的错？

ShaneFen■。注意到了中端市场正在“踩水”，而高端市场的作品价格却在持续增长。其中印象派与现代

艺术造成了最大的伤害。

应该责怪谁？ShaneFerro观察到在这个问题上人们不会太议论到经销商。“大牌经销商一一比如拉

里・高古轩、佩斯、DavidZwirner等等及诸如Mugrabis家族与Nahmads家族等财力雄厚的收藏家族儿

乎完全控制了最昂贵的当代艺术家的市场J'ShaneFerro在一篇评论中写到。艺术市场泡沫的边缘（如果

泡沫真的存在的话）正是被这些不断推动价格上涨的进取心十足的经销商推进的。

是如鲨鱼般的商业环境的错？

中端市场经销商EdwardWinkleman在自己的博客上写到他的许多同行都致力于发展经典的Leo

Castelli画廊经营模式一一即发掘还未为人知的年轻艺术家，栽培他们的事业，为他们开创一个市场,然后从

结果中获益。这听起来很不错,可是大牌画廊如今对“物色人才”也很有兴趣一一也就是说它们从那些通常

依赖于作品销售额来制定接下来的计划的画廊中“偷”走那些能赚钱的艺术家,然后用一场高调的个人展来

提升他们的作品价格。EdwardWinkleman认为这种“物色人才”的方式"动摇了如今的商业环境”。

是大亨们的“公关”的错？

在自己独具特色的《Inlerventio必专栏中，ARTINFO的执行编辑BenDavis称艺术市场是“肮脏、残忍与

唐突，，的一种霍布斯式的结合物。超级富豪们正在驾驶这辆“火车”，而似乎没有人能够把他们从座位上赶

下来。“作为一种投资手段，艺术品是已经非常富有的人进行的一场赌博，赌注是让自己的财富能够持续增

长，艺enDavis写到。但又不完全是这样。他还称购买艺术品也许还能为有钱人提供一种文雅的、有教养的

形象一一毕竟他们通常都是靠自己的金钱来源来获得注意力的。“也许那不仅仅与有钱人变得有多有钱相

关,还也与他们的获得有多非法、因此他们感到自己有多需要进行补偿有关。但我个人的看法是，艺术太过

重要了，以至于不能成为大亨们的‘公关’，无论他们愿意花多少钱来达到这个目的。”

我们仍然找不到正确的答案，而中端市场将会继续坚持下去一一因为充满热情的奋斗者会坚持下去。

不过我们也许将会面临一个选择:我们是希望一个充满了高古轩们、达明安•赫斯特们和杰夫•昆斯们的艺

术界，还是想要一些不那么俗气、有更多理性的思考、也许还会不那么合乎潮流的东西？

ReadingB

ThePewInternetProject

ThePewResearchCenterisanAmericanthinktankorganizationbasedinWashington,D.C.thatprovides

informationonissues,attitudesandtrendsshapingtheUnitedStatesandtheworld.AndthePewInternet&

AmericanLifeProjectisoneofsevenprojectsthatmakeupthePewResearchCenter.

TheAdvancedPlacement

TheAdvancedPlacement(AP)isaprogramintheUnitedStatescreatedbytheCollegeBoardoffering

college-levelcurriculumandexaminationstohighschoolstudents.Americancollegesoftengrantplacementand

10

Unit1ArtinMarket

coursecredittostudentswhoobtainhighscoresaboveacertainnumberontheexaminations.TheAPcurricukim

forthevarioussubjectsiscreatedfortheCollegeBoardbyapanelofexpertsandcollege-leveleducatorsineach

subject.ForahighschoolcoursetohavetheAPdesignation,thecoursemustbeauditedbytheCollegeBoardto

ascertainitsatisfiestheAPcurriculum.IfthecourseisapprovedtheschoolmayusetheAPdesignationandthe

coursewillbepubliclylistedontheAPLedger.

TheCollegeBoard

TheCollegeBoardisanassociationintheUnitedStatesthatwasformedin1900astheCollegeEntrance

ExaminationBoard(CEEB).Itiscomposedofmorethan5,900schools,colleges,universitiesandother

educationalorganizations.Itsellsstandardizedtestsusedbyacademicallyorientedpost-secondaryeducation

institutionstomeasureastudent?sability.TheCollegeBoardisheadquarteredintheUpperWestSideof

Manhattan,NewYorkCity.

Inadditiontomanagingtestsforwhichitchargesfees,theCollegeBoardworkswithprogramsthatclaimto

increaseachievementbypoorandminoritymiddleandhighschoolstudents.Fundedbygrantsfromvarious

foundations,suchastheBillandMelindaGatesFoundation,theCollegeBoardSchoolsoperateautonomously

withinNewYorkCitypublicschoolbuildings.AsimilarprogramnamedEXCELeratorbeganapilotprogramfor

the2006-2(X)7schoolyearat11schoolsinWashington,D.C.,Jacksonville/DuvalCounty,FL,andChicagoPublic

Schools.BothoftheseschoolreformprogramsusetheSpringBoardandCollegeEdmaterialsaspartoftheirprograms.

1.textv.toserdsb.awrittenmessagebyworingamobile/cellphone(用手机给某人)发短信

Examples:Textmewhenyou，reonyourway.

路上给我发短信吧。

2.interactiveadj.

1.allowingdirectcommunicationbetweentheuserandthemachine交互的；人机对能

2.allowingagroupofpeoplecommunicatewitheachother互动的；相互交流的

Examples:Thiswillmakevideogamesmoreinteractivethanever.

这将使电子游戏的互动性更胜以往。

Theschoolbelievesininteractiveteachingmethods.

这所学校相信互动教学法。

3.multitaskingn.asituationinwhichacomputerorpersondoesmorethanonethingatthesametime多重

任务处理

Examples:Thebigadvantageofmulti-taskingisthatallequipmentisusedmostofthetime.

多重任务处理的一大优势是所有设备大部分时间都在被使用。

Watchhimathisdesk,andyoubegintoseehisincredible"multitaskingability.

看着他坐在电脑桌旁，你就会惊讶于他那令人难以置信的“多任务处理”能力。

4.distractv.〜sb./sth.(fromsth.)totakesb/sattentionawayfromwhattheyaretryingtodo转移(注意

11

茗术类专业大学英语综合教程2（美术设计类）教师用书

力）；分散（思想）；使分心

Examples:You'redistractingmefrommywork.

你使我不能专心工作。

Tomadmitsthatplayingvideogamessometimesdistractshimfromhishomework.

汤姆承认玩电子游戏有时会使他无心做作业。

5.spann,v.

1.[C]theperiodoftimebetweentwodatesoreventsduringwhichsomethingexists,functions,orhappens间

隔;期间

2.[C]thelengthoftimeyouareabletoconcentrateonsomethingorbeinterestedinit（注意力的）持续时间

3[CJthetotalwidthofsthfromoneendtotheother宽度；宽隔

4tocoverorextendoveranareaortimeperiod跨越；包括;遍及

Examples:Thekitehasaspanof1.5mettres.

这风筝宽1.5米。

Theoperation,whichspannedninecountries,resultedin200arrests.

这次行动涉及9个国家，逮捕了200人。

Graduallythetimespanbetweensessionswillincrease.

会议之间的间隔将逐渐延长。

Hisabilitytoabsorbinformationwasastonishing,buthisconcentrationspanwasshort.

他吸收信息的能力令人吃惊，但是他的注意力持续时间很短。

6.deputyn.

1.[C]thesecondmostimportantpersoninanorganizationsuchasabusinessorgovernmentdepartment,who

oftenactsonbehalfofhissuperiorwhenhissuperiorarenotthere.副职;副手；副主管

2.thenameforamemberofparliamentinsomecountries.

3.[C]theelectedmembersInsomeparliamentsorlaw-makingbodies（某些国家的）成员

Examples:Byconventionthedeputyleaderwasalwaysawoman.

按惯例，这一领导职务的副职总是由女性担任。

Johnwillactasadeputyformeduringmyabsence.

我离开期间,约翰将代理我的职务。

7.embracev.

1.（formal）torutyourarmsaroundsb.assignofloveorfriendship抱;拥抱

2.（formal）toaccpepanidea,aproposal,asetofbeliefs,etc.especiallywhereitisdonewithenthusiasm欣然

接受，乐意采纳（思想、建议等）；信奉（宗教信仰）

3（fonnal）toinchndesth.包括，包含

Examples:Thetalksembracedawiderangeofissues.

这些谈话涉及的问题非常广泛。

peopleweresortofcryingforjoyandembracingeachother.

人们几乎是喜极而泣，并互相拥抱。

Youcan'tembraceareligionwithoutacceptingitsdogmas.

你要接受一种宗教，就得接受其教义.

12

Unit1ArtinMarket

8.literacyn.[U]theabilitytoreadandwrite读写自自力

Examples:Literacynowincludeselementarycomputerskills.

有文化现在包括基本的计算机技能。

TheliteracyratethereisthehighestinCentralAmerica.

那里的识字率居中美洲之首。

9.discernv.toseeclearly(withtheeyesorwiththemind)；(esp)toseewithaneffort(用眼或心)辨明(尤指

努力认清)

Examples:Itispossibletodiscernanumberofdifferenttechniquesinherwork.

从她的作品中可以识别出许多不同的创作手法。

Itisoftendifficulttodiscernhowwidespreadpublicsupportis.

了解公众支持的广泛程度常常是困难的。

10.credibleadj.thatcanbebelievedortrusted可信的；可靠的

Examples:Thenewsreportishardlycredible.

这则新闻报道令人难以置信。

Isthereacrediblealternativetothenucleardeterrent?

是否有可以取代核威慑力量的可靠办法？

11.blamev,n.

1.〜sb(forsth);〜tothinkorsaythatsb./sth.isresponsibleforsth.bad把..归咎于;责怪；指责

2.beto〜，deservecensure

3responsibilityfordoingsth.badlyorwronglysayingthatsb.isresponsibleforsth.(坏事或错事的)责任;

责备;指责

4.findingfault

Examples:MsCareyappearedtoblameherbreakdownonEMI'spunishingworkschedule.

凯丽女士似乎将她的精神崩溃归咎于百代唱片公司高度紧张的工作口程安排。

Thepresidentputtheblamesquarelyonhisopponent.总统把责任完全推给了他的

对手。

12.overlyadv.Ioanexcessivedegree,loo,very彳艮；一卜分；过于

Examples:Employersmaybecomeoverlycautiousabouttakingonnewstaff.