新视野大学英语读写教程第二册 短语和句型

新视野大学英语读写教程（第二册）PAGE119新视野大学英语读写教程第二册短语和句型Unit1SectionA时间谚语：1)Timeismoney.时间就是金钱。/一寸光阴一寸金。2)Timeislifeandwhentheidlemankillstime,hekillshimself.时间就是生命，懒人消耗时间就是消耗自己的生命。3)Timeflieslikeanarrow,andtimelostneverreturns.光阴似箭，一去不返。4)Timeandtidewaitfornoman.岁月不等人。课文短语：停止不前：tostandstill想使每分钟有意义：towanteveryminutetocount致力于：tobecommittedto宝贵资源：preciousresource造成······的结果：resultin在允许的时间内：withinthetimeallowed说明；解释：toaccountfor增进信任·······：todevelopasenseoftrust同时发生；伴随：togowith想引起别人注意：toseekattention生活的节奏：thepaceoflife在轻松的环境里：inrelaxedsurroundings在手边：athand与陌生人闲聊：smallexchangeswithastranger亲身；亲自：inperson使工作开展起来：togetthingsmoving部分由于：tobeduepartlyto随着时间流逝：bythepassageoftime在······眼里：inone’seyes千方百计地做：toworkhardatthetaskof1、tofallbehind：落后；跟不上扩展：求助于:tofallbackupon未能符合:tofalldownon与······失和:tofalloutwith失败；落空:tofallthrougheg.他之所以被重用，是因为他总能尽职尽责。（短语：beputinakeyposition/neverfalldownonobligations）译：Thereasonwhyheisputinakeypositionisthathehasneverfallendownonobligations.eg.不怕落后有多远，就怕失去前进的勇气。（短语：bebetterthan/

losethecouragetodosth./moveahead）译：Howeverfaryoufallbehind,itisbetterthanlosingthecouragetomoveahead.2、beaslaveto：是······的奴隶，受······支配eg.他作为金钱的奴隶，除了赚钱，对任何别的事情都不感兴趣。（短语：anythingotherthan/makemoney/takenointerestinsth.）译：Beingaslavetomoney,hetakesnointerestinanythingotherthanmakingmoney.3、tohavearatheracutesenseof：深刻感受到eg.深感知识匮乏的人，往往会有更大的动力去学习。（短语：lackofknowledge/tendto/haveagreatermotivetodosth.）译：Hewhohasaratheracutesenseoflackofknowledgetendstohaveagreatermotivetolearn.4、underpressure：处于压力之下扩展：在压力下:understress在控制中:undercontrol在······威胁之下:underthethreatof受到怀疑:undersuspicioneg.医学界没能控制住病毒，这将每位市民都置于被感染的威胁之下。（短语：themedicalcommunity/keepthevirusundercontrol/getinfected译：Themedicalcommunityfailedtokeepthevirusundercontrol,whichputeverycitizenunderthethreatofgettinginfected.eg.王进喜生前常说，井没压力不出油；人没压力轻飘飘。（短语：duringone’slifetime/undernopressure/produceoil/undernostress/growlight-headed）译：Duringhislifetime,WangJin-xiusedtosay,“Awell,undernopressure,doesnotproduceoil,whileaman,undernostress,growslight-headed.”5、toracethrough：匆匆完成扩展：经历:togothrough用完，完成某事，通过:togetthrough经历某事而幸存:tolivethrough传来；康复，还活着:tocomethrougheg.医生说如果他能度过当晚，他存活的可能性就很大。（短语：livethroughthatnight/standagreatchanceofsurvival）译：Thedoctorsaidifhecouldlivethroughthatnight,hestoodagreatchanceofsurvival.eg.由于急着去赴约，她匆匆忙完手头的事情。（短语：eagertodosth./fulfillanappointment/thematterathand译：Eagertofulfillanappointment,sheracedthroughthematterathand.6、beyondacertainappropriatepoint：不得当地，不得体地eg.就此事而言，不宜矫枉过正。（短语：asfarassth.isconcerned/itisnogooddoingsth./rightsth.）译：Asfarasthematterisconcerned,itisnogoodrightingitbeyondacertainappropriatepoint.7、asteadyflowof：一系列的/······的稳定流动eg.常发短信被视为增进友谊的流行方式。（短语：aconstantflowofshortmessages/betakenas/enrichfriendship/apopularwayof）译：Aconstantflowofshortmessagesistakenasapopularwayofenrichingfriendship.8、tohavelittleornorelationto：与······关系不大或没有关系扩展：与······没有关系:havenothingtodowith与······没有关系:havenobearingon与······没有关系:havenoconnectionwitheg.家庭背景与他事业上的成就无关。（短语：familybackground/one’sachievementsincareer）译：Hisfamilybackgroundhasnobearingonhisachievementsincareer.eg.他学习差与其智力无关，但与其懒惰有很大关系。（短语：one’spoorperformanceinstudy/intelligence/laziness/havemuchtodowith）译：Hispoorperformanceinstudyhasnorelationtohisintelligence,buthasmuchtodowithhislaziness.9、togiveaddedweightto：更加重视······扩展：重视:attach/lendweightto非常重要:beofgreatweight很重要/不重要:carrymuch/littleweighteg.由于农业对一个国家的经济发展十分重要，我国开始更加重视这一问题。（短语：economicdevelopment/beofgreatweight/attachaddedweightto）译：Sinceagricultureisofgreatweighttotheeconomicdevelopmentofanation,ourcountrybeginstoattachaddedweighttoit.eg.在一些女孩看来，她们对男友的冷淡会使自己在爱情游戏中的身价进一步加码。（短语：intheeyesofsb./one’sindifferencetosb./one’sstatusinthegameoflove）译：Intheeyesofsomegirls,theirindifferencetotheirboyfriendswillgiveaddedweighttotheirstatusinthegameoflove.10、tobetakenasasignof：被视为······的标志eg.现如今，玩不转人际关系就被视为是无能的表现。（短语：one’sfailuretodosth./handleinterpersonalrelationswell/beincompetent）译：Nowadays,one’sfailuretohandleinterpersonalrelationswellistakenasasignofbeingincompetent.句型：1、Sb.doessth.,doing…anddoing…(渐进句)某人做某事，做······，做······注：用于描述“某人做事的细节”。原文：城里人看上去总是在匆匆地赶往他们要去的地方，在商店里他们焦躁不安地指望店员能马上来为他们服务，或者为了赶快买完东西，用肘推搡他人。Citypeoplealwaysappeartobehurryingtogetwheretheyaregoing,restlesslyseekingattentioninastore,orelbowingothersastheytrytocompletetheirshopping.eg.他热衷于邪门歪道，不停地拉关系，走后门。（短语：takegreatpleasureinsth./dishonestpractices/neverceasetodosth./establishunderhandconnections/exploitunderhandconnectionsforpersonalgains）译：Hetakesgreatpleasureindishonestpractices,neverceasingtoestablishunderhandconnectionsandexploitthemforpersonalgains.eg.他对自己父母的教诲都不予理睬，更别说听你的建议了。（短语：sb’steaching/turnadeafeartosth./followyouradvice译：Heturnsadeafeartohisparents’teaching,muchlesswillhefollowyouradvice.2、Sb.donotdosth.,muchlessdosb.dosth.else.某人不做某事，更不用说做其他事。注：用于强调“某人绝不会做某事”。原文：一般说来，美国人是不会在如此轻松的环境里通过长时间的闲聊来评价他们的客人的，更不用说会在增进相互间信任的过程中带他们出去吃饭，或带他们去打高尔夫球。Normally,Americansdonotassesstheirvisitorsinsuchrelaxedsurroundingsoverextendedsmalltalk;muchlessdotheytakethemoutfordinner,oraroundonthegolfcoursewhiletheydevelopasenseoftrust.eg.她从不讨好别人，更不会委身事人。（短语：seekfavorwithothers/submitoneselftotheserviceofothers）译：Sheneverseeksfavorwithothers,muchlessdoesshesubmitherselftotheserviceofothers.3、Sb.dosth.by/through…ratherthanby/through…,which,though…,…—especiallygiven…某人是通过······而不是通过······做某事。虽然后者······,但却······，尤其是考虑到······。注：用于强调“对某人做事的辩证分析”。原文：我们通过发传真、打电话或发电子邮件与他人迅速地进行交流，而不是通过直接接触。虽然面对面接触令人愉快，但却要花更多的时间,尤其是在马路上交通拥挤的时候。…wecommunicaterapidlythroughfaxes,phonecallsoremailsratherthanthroughpersonalcontacts,whichthoughpleasant,takelonger—especiallygivenourtraffic-filledstreets.eg.在这种下雪天，我宁愿乘公交,也不愿自己开车去上班。虽然自己开车自在，但更加危险，特别是考虑到我糟糕的驾驶技术。（短语：onsuchasnowyday/gotowork/one’spoorskillsindriving）译：Onsuchasnowyday,Iwouldgotoworkbybusratherthanbydrivingmycar,which,thoughcomfortable,ismoredangerous,—especiallygivenmypoorskillsindriving.eg.人获得知识要靠勤奋而不靠投机。尽管后者更省力，但是一种自我欺骗，特别是考虑到未来职业的需要。（短语：acquireknowledge/throughdiligence/throughtrickery/freefromhardwork/aself-deception/thedemandoffuturecareer）译：Oneshouldacquireknowledgethroughdiligenceratherthanthroughtrickery,which,thoughfreerfromhardwork,isaself-deception—especiallygiventhedemandoffuturecareer.4、Tosome,sth.havelittlerelationtosth.else.Toothers,nothingcanbedonewithout(doing)sth.else.在一些人看来，某事与他事无关；然而对另一些人而言，没有(做)他事什么都做不成。注：用于表述“两种人在事物认识上的鲜明反差”原文：就我们而言，电子交流的缺乏人情味与我们手头的事情的重要性之间很少有或完全没有关系。在有些国家,如果没有目光接触，就做不成大生意，这需要面对面的交谈。Toustheimpersonalityofelectroniccommunicationhaslittleornorelationtothesignificanceofthematterathand.Insomecountriesnomajorbusinessisconductedwithouteyecontact,requiringface-to-faceconversation.eg.对于美国人，买卖成功与宴请无关。而对于中国人，无一连串宴请则无法成交。（短语：successinadeal/asteadyflowoffeasts）译：ToAmericans,successinadealhasnorelationtofeasts.ToChinese,nodealcanbemadewithoutasteadyflowoffeasts.eg.在一些人看来，真爱与财富的数量无多大关系；然而在另一些人看来，没有充足的金钱爱情免谈。（短语：theamountofwealth/adequatemoney/noaccesstosth./beallowed）译：Tosomepeople,truelovehaslittlerelationtotheamountofwealth.Toothers,noaccesstolovecanbeallowedwithoutadequatemoney.5、Sb./Sth.does／issth.,whereas/whilesb./sth.elsedoes／issth.else某人/某物······，然而另一人/物却······用于表述“两事物之间的反差”。原文：其部分原因在于这样一个事实：美国的电话服务是一流的，而邮政服务的效率则差一些。Thisisduepartlytothefactthatthetelephoneserviceissuperbhere,whereasthepostalserviceislessefficient.eg.人的生命是有限的，而其对生命的热情却是无限的。（短语：befinite/one’spassionforlife/beinfinite）译：One’slifeisfinite,whereasone’spassionforlifeisinfinite.6、Unless…,itseemsinone’seyes(toone’smind)asif…如果不是······，则某人就觉得好像是······注：用于表述“某人对某事的感受”。原文：在他们看来，如果不花一定时间来处理某件事情，那么这件事就好像是无足轻重的，不值得给予适当的重视。Unlessacertainamountoftimeisallowedtoelapse,itseemsintheireyesasifthetaskbeingconsideredwereinsignificant,notworthyofproperrespect.eg.如果没为孩子提供力所能及的一切，中国父母就觉得好像对孩子关照不够。（短语：provideeverythingforsb./withinone’spower/notcareenoughforsb.译：Unlesstheyprovideeverythingwithintheirpowerfortheirchild,itseemsintheeyesofChineseparentsasiftheydidnotcareenoughforhim/her.Unit1SectionB1.inspiteof:despite;regardlessof113、虽然；尽管eg.尽管做了巨大努力，我们还是没能完成计划译：Inspiteofgreateffortswefailedtocarryourplansthrough.eg.公司销售情况虽然稍有改善，但公司目前仍负债累累。译：Inspiteofaslightincreaseinsales,thecompanyremainsheavyintheredatthemoment.2．clashwith:cometoafightwith;disagreeaboutsth.with与······冲突，不一致eg.他的想法总是与父母的不一致，这可能就是代沟的表现吧。译：Hisideasalwaysclashwithhisparents’,whichmaybeasignofgenerationgap.eg.这两个国家经常由于边境纠纷而产生冲突。译：Thesetwocountriesoftenclashwitheachotheroverborderdispute.3.havedifficulty(in)doingsth.:havetroubledoingsth.做某事有困难eg.他的英语很糟糕,我很难听懂他。译：HisEnglishisverybadandIhavegreatdifficulty(in)understandinghim.eg.他们没费多少劲就在家乡找到了他们出生的那幢房子。译：Theyhadnodifficulty(in)findingthehousewheretheyhadbeenbornintheirhometown.4.adjustto/makeadjustmentto:getusedtoanewsituation使适应（新环境），适应eg.人体能很快地自行调节以适应气温的变化。译：Thebodyquicklyadjustsitselftochangesintemperature.eg.迪克很快适应了香港的生活。译：DickmadequickadjustmenttothelifeinHongKong.5.befamiliarto:bewellknownto为······所熟悉的，常见（听）到的eg.他谈论其他文化时仿佛他对其他文化比对自己的文化还要熟悉。译：Hetalkedofotherculturesasiftheyweremorefamiliartohimthanhisown.eg.这些事实是每个小学生都熟悉的。译：Thefactsarefamiliartoeverypupil.6.be/becometiredof:nolongerwantingsth.orwantingtodosth.讨厌，不耐烦，厌烦eg.你的批评我已听烦了。译：I’mtiredofyournegativecomments.eg.如果你一件衣服穿腻了，可以换一件。译：Whenyoubecometiredofonedress,changetoanother.7.distress:vt.makesb.feelveryupset使痛苦；使苦恼n.afeelingofextremeunhappiness痛苦，苦恼eg.听到你父亲去世的噩耗我非常难过。译：Iwasmostdistressedtohearthesadnewsofyourfather’sdeath.eg.亚瑟的来访给他带来更多的痛苦，而不是愉快。译：Arthur’svisitscausedhimmoredistressthanpleasure.8.cope:v.(ofaperson)dealwithsth.difficultsuccessfully（成功地）应付，能对付eg.工作太多，我们的计算机难以应付。译：Therewastoomuchworkforourcomputertocopewith.eg.学校体制必须能适应学生人数的变化。译：Stectsb./sth.against:keepsb./sth.safefrom,defendsb./sth.保护某人/某物免受······eg.由于今冬特别寒冷，市民要采取措施做好防冻工作。译：Astheweatherisextremelycoldthiswinter,thecitizensshouldtakemeasurestoprotectthemselvesagainstthefreeze.eg.村民们加固了房屋来防震。译：Thevillagersreinforcedtheirhousestoprotectthemselvesagainstearthquakes.10.separatesb.from:keeppeopleorthingsapartfromeachother使分离，分开eg.这个病人应该与其他患者隔离。译：Thispatientshouldbeseparatedfromtheothers.eg.那男孩是在城里长大的,所以觉得很难区别杨树和柳树。译：Broughtupintown,theboyfindsitdifficulttoseparateapoplarfromawillow.11.preventsb./sth.from(doingsth.):stopsb.orsth.from(doingsth.)阻止，防止eg.谁阻止他们的计划不让实施?译：Whopreventstheirplansfrombeingcarriedout?eg.他的残疾让他无法开车。译：Hisdisabilitypreventshim(from)driving.12.developcomprehensionof:understandsth.fully理解，了解eg.到学校只一个月，他就了解了所有的规章制度。译：Onlyonemonthafterheenteredtheschool,hedevelopedcomprehensionofalltherulesandregulationsthere.eg.他设法了解外国文化以便尽早适应当地生活。译：Hetriedtodevelopcomprehensionoftheforeignculturesothathecouldadjusttothelocallifeassoonaspossible.13.recoverfrom:returntoanormalstatefromanillness,accident,shock,etc.从······恢复到正常状态eg.他现在已完全从震惊中恢复了过来。译：He’snowfullyrecoveredfromtheshock.eg.他从未真正从丧妻的悲伤中恢复过来。译：Heneverreallyrecoveredfromthesadnessofhiswifedying.14.appreciate:vt.1)understandandenjoy(sth.)欣赏,赏识2)understand(sth.)withsympathy理解，意识到，懂得eg.你无法通过译作去充分欣赏莎士比亚的作品。译：Youcan’tfullyappreciateShakespeareintranslation.eg.我理解你的问题，但我想我无法帮助你。译：Iappreciateyourproblem,butIdon’tthinkIcanhelpyou.15.alleviate:v.makesth.lessserious;ease减轻；缓和eg.他们用唱歌来消除由于等待带来的烦躁。译：Theyalleviatedthetiringwaitingbysingingsongs.eg.我们想帮助他们缓解粮食短缺的状况。译：Wewanttohelpalleviatetheirlackoffood.16.gothrough:experienceaparticularprocess通过；完成（某阶段）eg.这个国家经历了太多的战争。译：Thecountryhasgonethroughtoomanywars.eg.新的法律通过了各个阶段的程序没有？译：Hasthenewlawgonethroughallitsstagesyet?17.interactwith:communicatewith交流eg.他是聋哑人，我们很难与他交流。译：Heisdeafandmute,anditishardforustointeractwithhim.eg.有了因特网的帮助，我们可以和世界各地的人进行交流。译：WiththehelpoftheInternet,wecaninteractwithpeopleallovertheworld.Unit3SectionA1．upsanddowns：盛衰；浮沉eg.回首往事，夫妇二人庆幸彼此互相扶持、共同经历人生的起起落落。（短语：lookbackonthepast/stickupforeachother/throughtheupsanddownsinlife）译：Lookingbackonthepast,thecouplefeltluckythattheycouldstickupforeachotherthroughtheupsanddownsinlife.2．tobeopenwitheachother：开诚布公eg.作为朋友，我们要开诚布公，而不是相互猜疑。（短语：ratherthan/feeldoubtfulabout）译：Asfriends,weshouldbeopenwitheachotherratherthanfeeldoubtfulaboutoneanother.3．tobeinvolvedwithsth.：热衷于某事eg.她过分热衷于打探他人的隐私，因而与人处不好关系。（短语：sb.’sprivacy/beongoodtermswithsb.）译：Sheistooinvolvedwithothers’privacytobeongoodtermswithpeople.扩展：对······着迷:tobeobsessedwith忙于······:tobeoccupiedwith为······所困:tobeseized/cursedwith为······所动:tobetouchedwitheg.为情所困者难于理性思维。（短语：becursedwithemotion/findithardtodosth./thinkinarationalway）译：Thosecursedwithemotionfindithardtothinkinarationalway.4．tohave/harbor(no)illusionsabout…：对······(不)抱幻想eg.尽管男孩意识到女孩不喜欢他,但他仍对他们的爱情前景抱有幻想。（短语：awareof/one’sdislikeforsb./harbortheprospectsofone’slove）译：Theboy,thoughawareofthegirl’sdislikeforhim,harboredillusionsabouttheprospectsoftheirlove.扩展：错误地相信······:beundertheillusionthat…对······不存幻想:beundernoillusionabout/astosth.错误地认为······:cherishtheillusionthateg.遭遇了一个又一个的不幸，他对幸福生活不再抱有幻想。(短语：hitwith/onemisfortuneafterthenext)译：Hitwithonemisfortuneafterthenext,heisundernoillusionaboutahappylife.5．tohold…forsb./sth.：对某人/事意味着······eg.一个人的未来如何将与其今天所做的努力息息相关。（短语：makeeffort/restmostwithsth.）译：Whatthefutureholdsforonewillrestmostwithwhateffortonemakestoday.6．toworkout:以某种方式发展eg.我们要做最坏的打算，因为事情不可能像预料的那样发展。（短语：preparefortheworst/asexpected）译：Weneedtopreparefortheworst,forthingsmaynotworkoutasexpected.扩展：从事，致力于:toworkatthetaskof对······起作用/从事于······:toworkon有助于:toworkfor继续干:toworkawayeg.只管埋头拉车不顾抬头看路是不明智的。（短语：workatthetaskof/pullone’scart/withoutbotheringtodosth./lookupatone’sroad）译：Itisunwiseofyoutoworkatthetaskofpullingyourcartwithoutbotheringtolookupatyourroad.7．tobesupportiveof:支持，赞成eg.她虽然赞同儿子的志向，但对其做法看不惯。（短语：sb’sambition/sb’swayofdoingthings/frownupon）译：Supportiveofherson’sambition,shefrowneduponhiswayofdoingthings.扩展：怀疑······:tobedoubtfulof确信······:tobeconfidentof对······不满，挑剔:tobecriticalof渴望······:tobedesirousofeg.这群年轻人渴望成名与财富，所以抓住每次机会展示自己。（短语：desirousoffameandwealth/takeeveryoccasion/demonstrateoneself）译：Thisgroupofyoungpeople,desirousoffameandwealth,tookeveryoccasiontodemonstratethemselves.8．toharborreservationsabout…:对······持保留意见eg.他服从多数人的意见，但对此决定仍持保留意见。（短语：submittothemajority）译：Hesubmittedtothemajority,butstillharboredreservationsaboutthedecision.扩展：怀着······的愿望:harborawishfor对······抱不切实际的想法:harborunrealisticnotionsabout热爱······:harboradeeplovefor对······心怀憎恨:harborhatredforeg.长期遭到继母的虐待，男孩对她心怀怨恨。（短语：forlong/besubjectedtoabuse）译：Subjectedtoabusebyhisstepmotherforlong,theboyharborsresentmentforher.9．tohavesb./sth.for…:有某人／物作····eg.总的说来，那些喜欢拿父母当靠山的人往往表现出强烈的优越感。（短语：ingeneral/havesb.forabacker/showastrongsenseofsuperiority）译:Ingeneral,thosewholovehavingtheirparentsforbackerstendtoshowastrongsenseofsuperiority.10．atone’sworst：最差的时候；最糟糕的时候eg.任何人一旦被卷入爱河，总希望心上人看到自己最好的一面，而不是最糟的一面。（短语：beinvolvedintheriveroflove/seeoneatone’sbest/ratherthan）译：Anyone,onceinvolvedintheriveroflove,alwayswisheshissweethearttoseehimathisbestratherthanathisworst.课文短语：面对某人的弱点和长处：confronttheweaknessesandstrengthsofsb.增强我们的关系：enhanceourrelationship仇恨微妙的表现形式：subtleformsofhatred永不枯竭的力量源泉：thecontinualsourceofstrength花时间去做······：takethetimetodosth.经历一场痛苦的婚变：gothroughapainfuldivorce一度：foratime造成负面影响：haveanegativeeffecton处于萌芽状态的关系：abuddingrelationship把消息告知家人：spreadthenewstoone’sfamily建议某人做某事：counselsb.todosth.跟某事无关：havenothingtodowithsth.表面上：onthesurface以诚恳的态度对待某事：approachsth.withanhonestattitude获悉；听说：learnof…在······方面有问题：haveproblemswith负责；处理：takecareof…清楚地表明：makeitveryclearthat…接着做某事：proceedtodosth.解决全部疑难问题：resolvealldoubt句型：1、Oneavoidsthemistakemadebytheotherofdoingsth.forthewrongreasons,andonlyfindingoutsometimelaterthat…他人因为错误原因做了某事，结果过段时间后才发觉······某人避免了重蹈覆辙。注：用于表述“某人不重蹈他人的覆辙”。原文：许多夫妻因为错误的理由结了婚,结果在10年、20年或30年后才发觉他们原来是合不来的。他们······。我们希望避免重蹈覆辙。Wewantedtoavoidthemistakemadebymanycouplesofmarryingforthewrongreasons,andonlyfindingoutten,twenty,orthirtyyearslaterthattheywereincompatible,that...eg.发达国家由于错误原因追求经济增长，结果多年后才发觉他们得不偿失。中国应设法避免重蹈覆辙。(短语：seekeconomicgrowth/one’sgain/one’sloss/besmallerthan/manageto)译：Chinashouldmanagetoavoidthemistakemadebydevelopedcountriesofseekingeconomicgrowthforthewrongreasons,andonlyfindingoutmanyyearslaterthattheirgainwassmallerthantheirloss.2、Sheexpectationthat…：某人做某事，期望/指望着······注：用于表述“某人做某事时的期望或目的”。原文：他们忽视了严重的性格差异，指望婚姻会自然而然地解决各种问题。Theyoverlookedseriouspersonalityconflictsintheexpectationthatmarriagewasanautomaticwaytomakeeverythingworkoutright.eg.许多学生从大学毕业时,指望很快能找到称心的工作。(短语：graduatefrom/inaccordancewithone’swishes/landajob)译.Manystudentsgraduatefromcollegeintheexpectationthattheycansoonlandjobsinaccordancewiththeirwishes.3、Insteadof(doing)sth.upondoing…,sb.dosth.else.一······，某人并不做······，而是······注：用于表述“某人的反常规做法”。原文：听到我们要结婚的消息时，她没有向我们表示祝贺，反而劝盖尔想清楚自己的决定是否正确。Insteadofcongratulationsuponhearingournews,DeborahcounseledGailtobereallysureshewasdoingtherightthing.eg.听到别人说闲话，他并没有大发雷霆，而是一笑置之。(短语：atsb.’sgossip/blowone’stop/withalaugh/shrugsth.off)译.Insteadofblowinghistopatothers’gossip,heshruggeditoffwithalaugh.4、One’sbiggestworryisthattheothermaydosth.(else)forthesamewrongreasonthatonedidsth.某人最大的担心，是另一人也许跟自己当初做某事一样，为了错误的原因而做某事(另一事)。注：用于表述“担心某人犯同样的错误”。原文：我最大的担心是你也许跟我当初嫁给你爸爸一样，为了错误的原因而嫁给马克。MybiggestworryisthatyoumaybemarryingMarkforthesamewrongreasonsthatImarriedyourfather.eg.我最大的担心，是我弟弟也会像我当初干蠢事一样，为了错误的原因而做傻事。（短语：dosomethingstupid/doadumbthing）译：MybiggestworryisthatmybrothermaydoadumbthingforthesamewrongreasonsthatIeverdidsomethingstupid.Unit3SectionB1、comeupwith:findorproduce(ananswer,asolution,etc.)找到，想出(答案、解决方法)eg.他想出一个推广产品的好方法。译：Hecameupwithagoodideafortheproductpromotion.eg.我希望你能想出一个比这个更好的方案来。译：Ihopeyoucancomeupwithabetterplanthanthisone.2、winover:gain(sb.’s)supportorfavor争得(别人的)支持或恩惠eg.他不同意,可是我们能说服他赞同我们的看法。译：Hedisagrees,butwecanwinhimovertoourpointofview.eg.自从她成为这个党的领导者之后，他们已经赢得了众多乡村居民的支持。译：They’vewonoveralotofvillagerssinceshe’sbeentheleaderoftheparty.3、oneoftheingredients:oneofcomponents佐料之一；要素之一eg.成功的要素之一是做事的能力。译：Oneoftheingredientsofsuccessistheabilitytogetthingsdone.eg.懒惰与不务正业是他人生失败的两大要素。译：Lazinessandidlenessaretwomajoringredientsofhisfailureinlife.4、concerning:prep.about(sb./sth.)关于eg.要是你了解任何有关这起案件的情况，请与警方联系。译：Ifyouhaveanyinformationconcerningthecrime,pleasecontactthepolice.eg.我们读了关于“天外来客”的故事。译：Wereadstoriesconcerningvisitorsfromouterspace.5、fromheadtotoe:overthewholelengthofone’sbody从头到脚，遍布全身eg.他们从头到脚打量那男孩。译：Theysurveyedtheboyfromtoptotoe.eg.这个警察上上下下打量了我一番，好像我是个小偷似的。译：ThepolicemanobservedmefromheadtotoeasthoughIwereathief.6、anticipate:v.1).see(whatisgoingtohappenorwhatneedstobedone)andthenact事前处理，预先准备2).expect(sth.)预料，预期，期待eg.考虑到天很快就会黑下来，他们大家都带着手电筒。译：Anticipatingthatitwouldsoonbedark,allofthemkeptflashlightsaround.eg.不可能预料这事何时发生。译：Itisimpossibletoanticipatewhenitwillhappen.7、ontheshortside:slightlyshort(个头)有点矮扩展：onthe...side趋向于······,稍微······一点ontheshort/fat/thin/small/side有点矮/胖/瘦/小onthehigh/lowside(价格)偏高/低onthesideof站在······一边,袒护······onsb.’sside在某人方面;就某人来说;站在某人一边(支持某人)takesb.’sside拥护(袒护)某人eg.他个子小，身材结实，在人群中很容易被认出来。译：Heisontheshortside,compactlybuilt,andeasilyrecognizableinthecrowd.eg.无论你做出什么决定，我都站在你这一边。译：Whateverdecisionsyoumaymake,Iwilltakeyourside.eg.他母亲是中国人，所以他汉语说得很好。译：HeisChineseonhismother’sside,sohecanspeakChinesefluently.8、holdone’sbreath:stopbreathingforashorttime屏息eg.全欧洲屏息而待,看谁能赢得这场选举。译：AllEuropehelditsbreathtoseewhowouldwintheelection.eg.全大厅里的人都屏息等待着宣布一等奖获得者。译：Thewholehallhelditsbreathwaitingfortheannouncementofthewinnerofthefirstprize.9、compel:v.makesb.dosth.;force强迫,迫使搭配：feel/becompelledtodosth.被迫做······eg.他因病被迫放弃学业。译：Hewascompelledbyillnesstogiveuphisstudies.eg.我们不能强迫你做这件事，可是我们认为你应该做。译：Wecannotcompelyoutodoit,butwethinkyoushould.10、onone’sbehalf/onbehalfofsb.:astheagentof;onthepartof代表某人;代替某人eg.法定监护人必须代表孩子的利益行事。译：Thelegalguardianmustactonbehalfofthechild.eg.肯没出席，所以我将代表他领奖。译：Kenisnotpresent,soIshallaccepttheprizeonhisbehalf.11、The＋比较级,the＋比较级.越······越······。eg.在学习上你付出的努力越多，成绩就越好。译：Themoreeffortyouputintoyourstudy,thebetterresultsyouwillreap.eg.孰能生巧。译：Themorepracticeonemakes,themoreperfectonebecomes.12、Asissth.,+clause.正如······(一样)，······。eg.他怎么想就怎么说，不考虑别人的感受，这是常有的事。译：Asisoftenthecase,hesayswhathethinksregardlessofotherpeople’sfeelings.eg.出门之前她关上了房子里所有的门，这是她的一贯做法。译：Asishergeneralpractice,sheshutsallthedoorsinthehousebeforegoingout.13、makenegativeremarksabout/upon/on…:makeunfavorablecommentsonsth.对······做负面评价，批评eg.对别人评头论足被认为是不礼貌的。译：Itisconsideredasrudetomakeremarksuponthelooksofotherpeople.eg.在他的新书中，他对一些知名经济学家提出的经济政策进行了批评。译：Inhisnewbook,hemadenegativeremarksabouttheeconomicpoliciesproposedbysomerenownedeconomists.14、direct…toward…:toaim…at…指向······,把(注意力、精力)贯注在······上eg.为获得更大的利润，公司致力于扩展海外市场。译：Toreapmoreprofits,thecompanydirecteditsefforttowardexpandingoverseasmarket.eg.我们不应该把自己的心思贯注在对我们的未来无关紧要的事上。译：Weshouldnotdirectourmindstowardwhatcountslittletoourfuture.15、proceedtodosth:dosomethingafteryouhavedonesomethingelse继续做下去eg.老人拿起杯子喝了一口,继续跟我们讲他的战争经历。译：Theoldmantookadrinkfromhiscupandproceededtotellusabouthiswarexperiences.eg.她接受了我的邀请，然后开始对我大讲人们不应该拥有汽车，因为汽车破坏环境。译：Sheacceptedmyinvitationandthenproceededtosaythatpeopleshouldn’towncarsbecausetheydamagetheenvironment.16、somehow:adv.1).insomeway;bysomemeans以某种方法或方式,设法2).forareasonthatisunknown由于某种未知的理由eg.我们得设法阻止他看到她。译：Wemuststophimfromseeinghersomehow.eg.说不出什么道理，我总觉得我会得到那份工作。译：IalwaysknewI’dgetthejob,somehow.17、haveadifferentopinionon…:havedifferentviewson对······有不同看法扩展：haveanillopinionof…:对······有不好的评价haveafavorableopinion(of)…:对······有好的评价haveahighopinionof…:对······有很高的评价havealowopinionof…:对······评价甚低;轻视eg.大多数顾客对餐馆的服务评价很好。译：Themajorityofthecustomershaveafavorableopinionoftheserviceofferedbytherestaurant.Unit4SectionA1、tofocusone’seyesighton：注视;盯着eg.他们彼此用炽热的目光注视着，心中充满了激情。（短语：focusone’sburningeyesightonsb./withone’sheartfullofpassion）译：Theyfocusedtheirburningeyesightoneachother,withtheirheartsfullofpassion.扩展：将注意力集中在······:focusone’sattentionon将思想集中在······:focusone’smindon将精力集中在······:focusone’senergyoneg.他的学习效率很高，因为他能够在课堂上全神贯注地听讲。（短语：beefficientinsth./inclass/thelecture）译：Heisveryefficientinlearning,forhecanfocusallhisattentiononthelectureinclass.2、tofillaspecialplaceinone’slife：在某人的生命中占有特殊地位eg.青春最遗憾的莫过于抓不住未来幸福中占主导地位的东西。（短语：thesaddestthingaboutyouth/failuretotakeholdof)译：Thesaddestthingaboutyouthisthefailuretotakeholdofwhatwillfillaleadingplaceinone’sfuturehappiness.3、withoutfail：必定;总是eg.成功总是眷顾那些不畏艰险勇往直前的人。（短语：carefor/regardlessof/hardshipsanddangers/keepmovingahead）译：Successcares,withoutfail,forthosewhokeepmovingaheadregardlessofhardshipsanddangers.4、toforbid…from…：禁止······做······eg.使她感到极为惊讶的是，越不想让儿子做什么，他就越想做什么。（短语：muchtoone’ssurprise/beeagertodosomething）译：Muchtohersurprise,themorehissonisforbiddenfromdoingsomething,themoreeagerheistodoit.扩展：明令禁止······做······:toban…from…禁止······做······:toprohibit…from…阻止······做······:toprevent…from…阻碍······做······:tohinder…from…eg.学生在宿舍里吸烟的情况屡禁不止，这让校方极为头疼。（短语：inthedormitories/failagainandagaintodosth./agreatheadacheforsb.）译：Itisagreatheadachefortheschooltofailagainandagaintoforbidthestudentsfromsmokingindormitories.5、tosportpatchesofgray：显露斑斑灰白eg.夏去秋来,苹果园呈现出片片