真题版2017年06月六级第2套

*启用COLLEGEENGLISH—BandSix—试题册一、在答题前，请认真完成以下内请将试题册背面条形码粘贴条揭下后粘贴在答题卡1的条形码粘贴框内，并将和准考请在答题卡1和答题卡2指定位置用黑色签字笔填写准考证号、和学校名称，并用作文题内容印在试题册背面作文题及其他题必须用黑色签字笔在答题卡指定区域内三、以下情况按处理考试期间在非考试时间佩戴耳机大四、六级考试Part (30Directions:Supposeyouareaskedtogiveadviceonwhethertoattendavocationalcollegeorauniversity,writeanessaytostateyouropinion.Youarerequiredtowriteatleast150wordsbutnomorethan200words.Part Listening (30Directions:Inthissection,youwillheartwolongconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,youwillhearfourquestions.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Questions1to4arebasedontheconversationyouhavejust1.A.HewouldfeelB.HewouldfeelveryC.HewouldbeD.Hewouldbe2.A.TheyareworthyofaB.TheyareoflittleC.TheymakegoodD.Theyneed3.A.HeseldomwritesabookstraightB.HewritesseveralbooksC.Hedrawsonhisreal-lifeD.Heoftenturnstohiswifefor4.A.WritingabookisjustlikewatchingafootballB.WritersactuallyworkeverybitashardasC.HelikeswatchingafootballmatchafterfinishingaD.Unlikeafootballmatch,thereisnoendtowritingaQuestions5to8arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustA.AchievementsofblackmaleathletesinB.FinancialassistancetoblackathletesinC.HighcollegedropoutratesamongblackD.UndergraduateenrollmentsofblackA.TheydisygreattalentineverykindofB.TheyarebetteratsportsthanatacademicC.TheyhavedifficultyfindingmoneytocompletetheirD.TheymakemoneyforthecollegebutoftenfailtoearnaA.AboutB.AroundC.SlightlyoverD. yA.CoacheslacktheincentivetograduateB.CollegedegreesdonotcountmuchtoC.TheyhavelittleinterestinacademicD.SchoolsdonotdeemitaseriousSectionDirections:Inthissection,youwillheartwopassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearthreeorfourquestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Questions9to12arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustA.MarketingB.HolidayshopC.ShopD.OnlineA.About50%ofholidayB.About20-30%ofholidayC.About136D.About183.8A.TheyhavefewerB.TheyfindithardtoC.TheyarethrivingonceD.TheyappealtoelderlyA.BetterqualityofconsumerB.HigheremploymentandC.GreatervarietiesofD.PeoplehavingmoreleisureQuestions13to15arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustA.TheyarenewspeciesofbigB.TheyareoverprescribedC.Theyarelife-threateningD.Theyareantibiotic-resistantA.AntibioticsarenowinshortB.ManyinfectionsarenolongerC.LargeamountsoftaxmoneyareD.Routineoperations eA.B.C.D.SectionDirections:Inthissection,youwillhearthreerecordingsoflecturesortalksfollowedbythreeorfourquestions.Therecordingswillbeyedonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Questions16to18arebasedontherecordingyouhavejustA.ItisaccessibleonlytotheB.Itimprovesstudents'abilitytoC.ItstartsalifelonglearningD.ItgivesbirthtomanyeminentA.TheyencourageacademicB.TheypromoteC.Theyupholdthes'D.Theyprotectstudents'A.HisthirstforB.HiseagernesstofindaC.HiscontemptforD.HispotentialforQuestions19to22arebasedontherecordingyouhavejustA.FewpeopleknowhowtoretrieveinformationB.PeoplecanenhancetheirmemorywithafewC.Mostpeoplehavearatherpoorlong-termD.PeopletendtounderestimatetheirmentalA.TheypresentthestatesinasurprisinglydifferentB.TheyincludemoreorlessthesamenumberofC.TheyareexactlythesameasisshownintheD.TheycontainnamesofthemostfamiliarA.FocusingonwhatislikelytobeB.HavingagoodsleepthenightC.ReviewingyourlessonswheretheexamistotakeD.MakingsensibledecisionswhilechoosingyourA.DiscoverwhenyoucanlearnB.ChangeyourtimeofstudyB.GiveyourselfadoublebonusD.FollowtheexampleofamarathonQuestions23to25arebasedontherecordingyouhavejustA.HeisaB.HeisaC.HeisaD.HeisanA.InB.InC.Inpre-industrialD.IndeveloA.Theyhavenoaccesstohealthcare,letaloneentertainmentorB. eislessthan50%ofthenationalaverage C.TheyworkextrahourstohavetheirbasicneedsD.TheirchildrencannotaffordtogotoprivatePart Reading (40Directions:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.YoumaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanHalfofyourbrainstaysalertandpreparedfordangerwhenyousleepinanewce,astudyhasrevealed.Thisphenomenonisoften26 toasthe"first-night-effect".ResearchersfromBrownUniversityfoundthatanetworkinthelefthemisphereofthebrain"remainedmoreactive"thanthenetworkintherightsideofthebrain.yingsoundsintotherightears(stimulatingthelefthemisphere)of27 wasmorelikelytowakethemupthanifthenoiseswereyedintotheirleftItwas28observedthattheleftsideofthebrainwasmoreactiveduringdeepsleep.Whentheresearchersrepeatedthelaboratoryexperimentonthesecondandthirdnightstheyfoundthelefthemispherecouldnotbestimulatedinthesamewayduringdeepsleep.Theresearchersexinedthatthestudydemonstratedwhenweareina29environmentthebrainpartlyremainsalertsothathumanscandefendthemselvesagainstany30Theresearchersbelievethisisthefirsttimethatthe"first-night-effect"ofdifferentbrainstateshasbeen31inhumans.Itisn't,however,thefirsttimeithaseverbeenseen.Someanimal32alsodisythisphenomenon.Forexample,dolphins,aswellasother33animals,shutdownonehemisphereofthebrainwhentheygotosleep.Apreviousstudynotedthatdolphinsalways34controltheirbreathing.Withoutkeethebrainactivewhileslee,theywouldprobablydrown.But,asthehumanstudysuggest,anotherreasonfordolphinskeetheireyesopenduringsleepisthattheycanlookoutfor35whileasleep.Italsokeepstheirphysiologicalprocessesworking.

SectionDirections:Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit.Eachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter.AnswerthequestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2.EliteMathCompetitionsStruggletoDiversifyTheirTalentInterestinelitehighschoolmathcompetitionshasgrowninrecentyears,andinlightoflastsummer'sU.S.winattheInternationalMathOlympiad(IMO)—thefirstforanAmericanteaminmorethantwodecades—thetrendislikelytocontinue.Butwillsuchcontests,whichareoverwhelminglydominatedbyAsianandwhitestudentsfrommiddle-classandaffluentfamilies, eanymorediverse?Manysocialandculturalfactorsyrolesindeterminingwhichpromisingstudentsgetonthepathtowardinternationalmathrecognition.Buteffortsareincetoexposemoreblack,Hispanic,and estudentstoadvancedmath,inthehopethatthedemographicpoolofhigh-levelcontenderswilleventuallybegintoshiftand elessexclusive."Thechallengeisifcertaintypesofpeoplearengsomething,it'sdifficultforotherpeopletobreakintoit,"saidPo-ShenLoh,theheadcoachoflastyear'swinningU.S.MathOlympiadteam.Participationgrowsthroughfriendsandnetworksandif"yourealizethat'showthey'regrowing,youcanstarttotakeaction"andbringinotherstudents,hesaid.Mostofthetrainingforadvanced-mathcompetitionshappensoutsidetheconfinesofthenormalschoolday.Studentsattendafter-schoolclubs,summercamps,onlineforumsandclasses,anduniversity-based"mathcircles",toprepareforthecompetitions.Oneofthelargestfeedersforhighschoolmathcompetitions—includingthosethateventuallyleadtotheIMO—isamiddleschoolprogramcalledMathCounts.About100,000studentsaroundthecountryparticipateintheprogram'scompetitionseries,whichculminatesinanationalgame-show-stylecontestheldeachMay.ThemostrecentonetookcelastweekinWashington,D.C.Studentsjoinateamthroughtheirschools,whichprovideavolunteercoachandpayanominalfeetosendstudentstoregionalandstatecompetitions.The224studentswhomakeittothenationalcompetitiongetanall-expenses-paidtrip.Nearlyallmembersoflastyear'swinningU.S.IMOteamtookpartinMathCountsasmiddleschoolstudents,asdidLoh,thecoach."Middleschoolisanimportantagebecausestudentshaveenoughmathcapabilitytosolveadvancedproblems,buttheyhaven'treallydecidedwhattheywanttodowiththeirlives,"saidLoh."Theyoftengethookedthen."Anotherinfluentialfeederforadvanced-mathstudentsisanonlineschoolcalledArtofProblemSolving,whichbeganabout13yearsagoandnowhas15,000users.Studentsuseforumstochat,ygames,andsolveproblemstogetheratnocost,ortheycanpayafewhundreddollarstotakecourseswithtrainedteachers.AccordingtoRichardRusczyk,the founder,thesixU.S.teammemberswhocompetedattheIMOlastyearcollectivelytookmorethan40coursesonthesite.Parentsofadvanced-mathstudentsandMathCountscoachessaythechildrenareonthewebsiteconstantly.Therearealsodozensofsummercamps—manyattachedtouniversities—thataimtoprepareelitemathstudents.Somearepricey---athree-weekintensiveprogramcancost$4,500ormore—butmostofferscholarships.TheMathOlympiadSummerTrainingProgramisathree-weekmathcampheldbytheMathematicalAssociationofAmericathatleadsstraighttotheinternationalchampionshipandisforthosewhomakeit.Onlyabout50studentsareinvitedbasedontheirperformanceonwrittentestsandattheUSAMathOlympiad.Studentsinuniversitytownsmayalsohaveaccesstoanotherleverforinvolvementinacceleratedmath:mathcircles.Inthesegroups,whichcameoutofanEasternEuropeantraditionofdeveloyoungtalent,professorsteachpromisingK-12studentsadvancedmathematicsforseveralhoursafterschooloronweekends.TheLosAngelesMathCircle,heldattheUniversityofCalifornia,LosAngeles,beganin2007with20studentsandnowhasmorethan250."Thesemathcirclescostnothing,orthey'reverycheapforstudentstogetinvolvedin,butyouhavetoknowaboutthem,"saidRusczyk."Mostpeoplewouldlovetogetstudentsfrommoreunderservedpopulations,buttheyjustcan'tgettheminthedoor.Partofitiscommunication;partofitistransportation."It'snosecretintheadvanced-mathcommunitythatdiversityisaproblem.AccordingtoMarkSaul,thedirectorofcompetitionsfortheMathematicalAssociationofAmerica,notasingleAfrican-AmericanorHispanicstudent—andonlyahandfulofgirls—hasevermadeittotheMathOlympiadteaminits50yearsofexistence.Manyschoolssimplydon'tprioritizeacademiccompetitions."Doyouknowwhowehavetobeat?"askedSaul."Thefootballteam,thebasketballteam—that'sourcompetitionforresources,studenttime,attention,schooldollars,parentefforts,schoolenthusiasm."Teachersin eurbanandruralareaswithnohistoryofparticipatinginmathcompetitionsmaynotknowaboutadvanced-mathopportunitieslikeMathCounts—andthosewhodomaynothavesupportorfeeltrainedtoleadthem.Butthereareinitiativesincetotrytogetmoreunderrepresentedstudentsinvolvedinacceleratedmath.NewYorkCity-basednonprofitcalledBridgetoEnterMathematicsrunsaresidentialsummerprogramaimedatgettingunderservedstudents，mostlyblackandHispanic,workingtowardmathandsciencecareers.Thesummerafter7thgrade,studentsspendthreeweeksonacollegecampusstudyingadvancedmathforsevenhoursaday.Overthenextfiveyears,thegrouphelpsthestudentsgetintootherelitesummermathprograms,high-performinghighschools,andeventuallycollege.About250studentssofarhavegonethroughtheprogram,whichreceivesfundingfromtheJackKentCookeFoundation."Ifyoulookatalotof ecommunitiesintheUnitedStates,thereareprogramsthatareservingthem,butthey'reprimarilycenteredaround'Let'sgetthesekids'gradesup',andnotaround'Let'sgetthesekidsaccesstothesamekindsofopportunitiesasmore-affluentkids,'"saidDanielZaharopol,thefounderandexecutivedirectoroftheprogram."We'retryingtocreatethatpathway."Studentsapplytotheprogramdirectlythroughtheirschools."Wewanttoreachparentswhoarenotpluggedintothesystem,"saidZaharopol.Inthepastfewyears,MathCountsaddedtwonewmiddleschoolprogramstotrytodiversifyitsparticipantpool---theNationalMathClubandtheMath Challenge.SchoolsorteacherswhosignupfortheNationalMathClubreceiveakitfullofactivitiesandresources,butthere'snospecialteachertrainingandnocompetitionThe Challengeisacompetition,butacollaborativeone.Teamsoffourstudentsmakeillustratingamathproblemanditsreal-worldapplication.Afterthehigh-pressureCountdownroundatthisyear'snationalMathCountscompetition,inwhichthetop12studentswentheadtoheadsolvingcomplexproblemsinrapidfire,thefinalistsfortheMathChallengetookthestagetoshowtheirs.Thedemographicsofthatgrouplookedquitedifferentfromthoseinthecompetitionround—ofthe16finalists,13weregirlsandeightwereAfrican-Americanstudents.Thechallengedoesnotputindividualstudentsonthehotseat—soit'slessintimidatingbydesign.Italsoaddstheelementoficcreativitytoattractanewpoolofstudentswhomaynotseethemselvesas"mathpeople".Middleschoolisacrucialperiodwhenstudents ekeenlyinterestedinadvancedElitehighschoolmathcompetitionsareattractingmoreinterestthroughouttheUnitedMathcirclesprovidestudentswithaccesstoadvanced-mathtrainingbyuniversityStudentsmaytakeadvantageofonlineresourcestolearntosolvemathThesummerprogramrunbyanonprofitorganizationhashelpedmanyunderservedstudentslearnadvancedWinnersoflocalcontestswillparticipateinthenationalmathcompetitionforManyschoolsdon'tceacademiccompetitionsatthetopoftheirpriorityContestantsofelitehighschoolmathcompetitionsaremostlyAsianandwhitestudentsfromwell-offSomemathtrainingprogramsprimarilyfocusonraisingstudents'mathSomeintensivesummerprogramsareveryexpensivebutmostofthemprovideSectionDirections:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.PassageQuestions46to50arebasedonthefollowingWelivetodayindebtedtoMcCardell,Cashin,Hawes,Wilkins,andMaxwell,andotherwomenwholiberatedAmericanfashionfromtheconfinesofParisiandesign.Independencecameintying,wrap,storing,harmonizing,andrationalizingthatwardrobe.Thesedesignersestablishedthemodemdresscode,lettingysuitsandotheractivewearoutfitssufficeforcasualclothing,allowingpantstoenterthewardrobe,andprizingrationalismandversatilityindress,incontradictiontodressingforanoccasionorallotmentoftheday.FashioninAmericawaslogicalandanswerabletothewillofthewomenwhoworeit.Implicitlyorexplicitly,Americanfashionaddressedademocracy,whereastraditionalParis-basedfashionwasprescriptiveandimposedonwomen,willingornot.Inanearliertime,AmericanfashionhadalsofollowedthedictatesofParis,orevencopiedandpiratedspecificFrenchdesigns.DesignersportswearwasnotmodeledonthatofEurope,as"modemart"wouldlaterbe;itwasgenuinelyinventedanddevelopedinAmerica.Itsdesignerswerenothigh-endwithsupplementarylines.Thedesignobjectiveandthebusinesscommitmentweretosportswear,andthedistinctivetraitswereproblem-solvingingenuityandrealisticlifestyleapplications.Easeofcarewasmostimportant:summerdressesandoutfits,inparticular,werechieflycotton,readilycapableofbeingwashedandpressedathome.Closingsweresimple,practical,andaccessible,asthemodemwomandependedonno almaidtodressher.Americandesignersprizedresourcefulnessandthedomofwomenwhoworetheclothing.ManyhavearguedthatthewomendesignersofthistimewereabletoprojecttheirownclothingvaluesintoanewstyleOfcoursemuchofthisargumentinthe1930s-40swasadvancedbecausetherewaslittleornoexperienceinjustifyingapparel(服装)onthebasisofutility.IfPariswascastaside,thetraditionofbeautywasalsotosomedegreeslighted.Designersportswearwouldhavetobeverifiedbyastandardotherthanthatofpurebeauty;theemulationofadesigner'slifeindesignersportswearwasacrudeversionofthisrelationship.Theconsumerwasultimaytobementionedaswell,especiallybythelikesofDorothyShaver,whocouldpointtothesalesfiguresatLord;Taylor.CouldutilityalonejustifythenewideasoftheAmericandesigners?Fashionisoftenregardedasapursuitofbeauty,andsomecherishedfashion'strivialrelationshiptothefinearts.WhatthedesignersoftheAmericansportswearprovedwasthatfashionisagenuinedesignart,answeringtothedemandingneedsofservice.Ofcoursethesepractical,insightfuldesignershavedeterminedthecourseoflatetwentieth-centuryfashion.Theywerethepioneersofgenderequity,intheiruseful,adaptableclothing,whichwasbothmadeforthemassesandcapableofWhatcontributiondidthewomendesignersmaketoAmericanTheymadesomeimprovementsonthetraditionalParisianTheyformulatedadresscodewithdistinctiveAmericanTheycameupwithabrandnewsetofdesignTheymadeoriginalityatoppriorityintheirfashionWhatdowelearnaboutAmericandesignerItimitatedtheEuropeanItlaidemphasisonwomen'sItrepresentedgenuineAmericanItwasa ynewWhatcharacterizedAmericandesignerPursuitofDecorativeEaseofFabricWhatoccurredinthedesignofwomen'sapparelinAmericaduringthe1930s-AshiftofemphasisfrombeautytoTheemulationoftraditionalParisianAsearchforbalancebetweentraditionandTheinvolvementofmorewomeninfashionWhatdowelearnaboutdesignersofAmericanTheycateredtothetasteoftheyoungerTheyradicallychangedpeople'sconceptofTheyadvocatedequitybetweenmenandTheybecamerivalsoftheirParisianPassageQuestions51to55arebasedonthefollowingMassiverubbishdumpsandsprawlinglandfillsconstituteoneofthemore fortableimpactsthathumanshaveonwildlife.Theyhaveledsomebirdstogiveuponmigration.Insteadofflyingthousandsof insearchoffood,theymakethewastesitestheirwinterfeedinggrounds.ResearchersinGermanyusedminiatureGPStagstotrackthemigrationsof70whitestorks鹳fromdifferentsitesacrossEuropeandAsiaduringthefirstfivemonthsoftheirlives.Whilemanybirdstravelledalongwell-knownroutestowarmerclimates,othersstoppedshortandspentthewinteronlandfills,feedingonfoodwaste,andthemultitudesofinsectsthatthriveonthedumps.Intheshort-term,thebirdsseemtobenefitfromoverwintering过冬onrubbishdumps.AndreaFlackoftheMaxnckInstitutefoundthatbirdsfollowingtraditionalmigrationroutesweremorelikelytodiethanGermanstorksthatflewonlyasfarasnorthernMorocco,andspentthewinterthereonrubbishdumps."Forthebirdsit'saveryconvenientwaytogetfood.Therearehugeclustersoforganicwastetheycanfeedon,"saidFlack.Themealsarenotparticularlyappetising,orevensafeMuchofthewasteisdiscardedrottenmeat,mixedinwithotherhumandebrissuchassticbagsandoldtoys."It'sveryrisky.Thebirdscaneasilyeatpiecesofsticorrubberbandsandtheycandie,"saidFlack."Andwedon'tknowaboutthelong-termconsequences.Theymighteatsomethingtoxicanddamagetheirhealth.Wecannotestimatethatyet."ThescientiststrackedwhitestorksfromdifferentcoloniesinEuropeandAfrica.TheRussian,GreekandPolishstork