外教社新编英语语法教程(第6版)PPT课件Unit-22

新编英语语法教程“十二五”普通高等教育本科国家级规划材料新世纪高等院校英语专业本科生系列教材（修订版）ANewEnglishGrammarCoursebook总主编戴炜栋第6版第二十二讲-ING分词专四真题链接内容导图学习目标重难点解析本讲总结练习精讲能带-ing分词而不能带不定式的动词P235动词+宾语+介词+-ing分词P236能带不定式和-ing分词而意义不同的动词P240能带不定式和-ing分词而意义无甚区别的动词P239-ing分词分句的结构模式P243-ing分词分句的句法功能P244既能直接带不定式又能直接带-ing分词的动词-ing分词与动词的搭配关系-ing分词分句–ING分词掌握能带-ing分词而不能带不定式的常见动词；掌握既能直接带不定式又能直接带-ing分词的动词；掌握-ing分词分句的结构模式和句法功能。本讲的重点：◆◆◆能带-ing分词而不能带不定式的动词；能带不定式和-ing分词而意义不同的动词；带从属连词的-ing分词分句、带主语的-ing分词分句；-ing分词分句作状语。本讲的难点：◆◆◆◆1.构成：动词+-inge.g.Hesatsmokingandwonderingwhattodo.（现在分词）

Smokingisaseriousdangertohealth.（动名词）2.四种语法形式-ing分词的形式1-ing分词包括传统上的现在分词和动名词，前者更像动词、形容词或副词，后者更像名词。提示-ing分词主动态被动态一般形式doingbeingdone完成体形式havingdonehavingbeendone3.否定式：通常在-ing分词之前加note.g.Weheldeachother’shand,notknowing(notknow)whattosay.

Nothavingbeenused(notuse)foralongtime,themachine

gotrusty.1.完成体：其动作先于主句动词的动作。e.g.Sheadmittedhavingdriven(drive)thecarwithoutinsurance.

（先于admitted）

Havingworked(work)inthefieldsfortwohours,theytook

arest.（先于tookarest）2.被动态：其逻辑主语是-ing分词动作的承受者。e.g.Carlosjustmissedbeingcaught

(catch).（Carlos是catch的承受者）

Havingbeentold(tell)manytimes,hestillrepeatedthe

samemistakes.

（he是tell的承受者，同时强调动作发生在“repeated”之前）完成体、被动态的意义及用法2有时，在remember，recall，regret等词之后也可以用一般形式表示其动作先于主句动词的动作，如“Irememberposting/havingpostedit.”。提示admit,acknowledge,anticipate,advocate,appreciate,avoid,can’thelp,can’tresist,can’tstand,consider,contemplate,defer,delay,deny,detest,dislike,don’tmind,ensure,enjoy,escape,excuse,evade,facilitate,fancy,favour,finish,giveup,imagine,include,keep(on),mind,miss,pardon,postpone,practise,putoff,resent,report,risk,stop,suggest...e.g.We’reconsidering

buyinganewcar.Hedenied

havingbeenthere.Weappreciateyourinvitingustoyourparty.Shecan’tstand

beingkept

waiting.能带-ing分词而不能带不定式的动词12.-ing分词逻辑主语的三种情况（1）隐含在语境中；（2）在句中其他地方（如主句的主语）；（3）需单独引出（名词通格或属格/代词宾格或属格）。e.g.Fathersuggestedgoingtherebybus.（语境中）Wouldyoumindringingmeuptomorrow?（主句主语you）

Idon’tmindJohn/John’s/him/his

buyinganotherone.(John/John’s/him/his)只能带-ing分词作宾语的动词通常表示说话人对客观事实所作出的反应，如承认（admit）、享受（enjoy）、否认（deny）、避免（avoid）、原谅（excuse）等。可以利用熟词带生词、同义词、近义词、反义词来联想记忆。例如：admit—acknowledge(同义词)；dislike—detest—resent(近义词)；deny↔admit(反义词)。提示1提示23.能带-ing分词也可带-that分句作宾语的动词acknowledge,admit,advocate,anticipate,appreciate,deny,fancy,imagine,suggest,mean,mention,propose,recall,recollect,understand...e.g.Sheacknowledged

beingatfault.=Sheacknowledged

thatshehadbeenatfault.在口语中倾向于使用名词通格和代词宾格引出逻辑主语。在deny，postpone，defer等词之后，-ing分词逻辑主语多用属格。提示1提示2attempt,begin,can’tbear,continue,deserve,dread,hate,intend,like,loathe,love,need,neglect,omit,plan,prefer,require,start...1.begin/start等动词begin,start,continue,cease,can’tbear,like,love,prefer,dread,neglect,omit,propose...（a）表一般的、习惯的、抽象的行为：多用-ing分词；表特定的、临时的、具体的动作：多用不定式。e.g.Ican’tbearlivinghere.Ican’tbeartoseethechildtreatedstupidly.Philprefersdoingitthisway.Hepreferstogobytrainthisevening.能带不定式和-ing分词而意义无甚区别的动词1wouldlike意思是wish或want，后面永远接不定式，如“Whatwouldyouliketodotomorrow?”。提示（b）主句动词已用于进行体时，后多接不定式。e.g.It’sbeginning

torain.Weareproposing

tostartateight.（c）begin/start之后若跟静态动词，只能用不定式。e.g.Webegantoseewhathemeant.（see“理解”）You’lleventuallystarttobelieveit.2.need，want等动词，可用-ing分词的主动形式表被动意义e.g.Thewatchneedscleaningandoiling.(=tobecleanedandoiled)Thehousewantspainting.(=tobepainted)Yourcarurgentlyrequiredseeingto.(=tobeseento)Thatboydeserveslookingafter.(=tobelookedafter)作此种用法时，require，deserve不及need，want普通。提示3.attempt，intend，plan之后，跟不定式更普通e.g.Hehadattemptedtorescuethedrowningman.Theyplantoplanttheareawithgrassandtrees.1.remember/forget/regret等动词+-ing分词：先于主句动词的动作+不定式：后于主句动词的动作e.g.Iremember

postingtheletter.（“寄信”先于“记得”）

Iremembered

toposttheletter.（“寄信”后于“记得”）Iregret

tellingyouthatJohnstoleit.（“告诉”发生

在“抱歉”之前）

Iregret

totellyouthatJohnstoleit.（“抱歉”在先，

即抱歉要告知某事）能带不定式和-ing分词而意义不同的动词2回顾过去做过的事用-ing分词，表达将来要做的事用不定式。提示2.try/mean/can’thelp等动词在try，mean，can’thelp等动词之后，用-ing分词还是用不定式，取决于动词本身的不同含义。e.g.Hetriedwritingwithabrush.（“试着”写）

Hetriedtowritebetter.（“尽量努力地”写）

Yourplanwouldmean

spendinghours.（“意味着”

花费数小时）Ididn’tmean

tomakeyouangry.（“有意”让你生气）Icouldn’thelp

finishingit.（“不得不”结束某事）Icouldn’thelpto

finishit.（“不能帮助”结束某事）Hehaslearned

swimming.（“学过”游泳）Hehaslearned

toswim.（“学会了”游泳）3.stop/goon/leaveoff等动词+-ing分词：作宾语+不定式：作目的状语e.g.Theystopped

talking.(SVO)Theystopped

totalk.(SVA)

Hewenton

pointingoutmistakesinthepaper.(SVO)（同一动作的继续）

Hewenton

topointoutmistakesinthepaper.(SVA)（放下原来的事，转而去指出错误）trydoing用来谈论某种尝试，做某事是为了看看结果会怎样；trytodo是作一番努力，试图做某种困难的事。learndoing用来谈及某门学科或技能的学习，“不一定学会”；learndoto用来谈论学习的结果——成功“学会”了某种技巧。提示1提示24.allow/permit/advise等动词既可以接-ing分词作宾语，也可以接带逻辑主语的不定式结构。e.g.Shedoesn’tallowtalkinghere.

Shedoesn’tallowustotalkhere.作此种用法的动词多表“建议”、“允许”、“鼓励”等意义。提示①*Myunclesuggestedmetogetajobinabank.②*Iremembertoseehimoncesomewhere.

①Myunclesuggested(my/me)gettingajobinabank.√或MyunclesuggestedthatI(should)

getajobinabank.√②Irememberseeinghimoncesomewhere.√典型错误3备注以-ing分词作谓语动词的分句结构，属于非限定从属分句，往往能与限定从属分句相互转换。e.g.[1]Hedeniedtakingherbook.=Hedeniedthathehadtakenherbook.[2]Theboysshoutingtheloudestarethewinners.

=Theboyswhohaveshoutedtheloudestarethewinners.=Theboyswhohavebeenshoutingtheloudestarethe

winners.[3]Havingfinishedmywork,Iwenttobed.=AfterIhadfinishedmywork,Iwenttobed.-ing分词分句：上述例[1]-ing分词分句相当于名词性限定分句（宾语从句），例[2]相当于形容词性限定分句（关系分句），例[3]相当于副词词性限定分句（状语从句）。提示1.不带主语和从属连词的-ing分词分句（1）逻辑主语在主句中（如主句的主语或宾语）e.g.Hedeniedhavingbeenthere.（逻辑主语He）IhaveafriendlivinginLondon.（逻辑主语afriend）（2）用作评注性状语的固定用语e.g.Judgingfromwhatyousay,hehasdonehisbest.

Generallyspeaking,themoreyoupay,themoreyouget.2.带从属连词的-ing分词分句从属连词：although，though，asif，asthough，evenif，if，once，unless，when(ever)，while，whether...or等，表达让步、时间、条件等逻辑关系。-ing分词分句的结构模式1其逻辑主语有时是说话人，有时难以判定。提示e.g.Whensleeping,Ineverhearathing.(=WhenIsleep)

ThoughunderstandingnoGreek,Charleswasabletocommunicatewiththem.(=Thoughhedidn’tunderstandGreek)3.带主语的-ing分词分句（1）作宾语e.g.Doyoumindmy/memakingasuggestion?Myparentsobjecttome/mygoingoutalone.-ing分词分句的逻辑主语通常也是主句的主语，谓语含有主动或进行的意义。提示其逻辑主语直接用通格/宾格或属格。提示（2）作介词补足成分（介词宾语）e.g.I’mannoyedaboutJohn/John’sforgettingtopay.Didyoudoitwithouthim/hisaskingyou?（3）作主语e.g.Susan(’s)runningawayfromhomewasthelaststraw.

It’snouseyourpretendingtobedeaf.（it为形式主语）（4）作状语（-ing分词分句独立结构）e.g.Thelastbushavinggone,wehadtowalkhome.

Somanymembersbeingabsent,themeetinghadtobe

putoff.

Thequestion(havingbeen)settled,themeetingadjourned.

Withthetreegrowingtall,wegetmoreshade.独立结构有时可以用介词with或without引出。提示3havingbeen，being有时可以省去（逻辑主语是代词时除外），而变成-ed分词分句、无动词分句。-ing分词分句独立结构作状语，通常表时间、条件、原因、方式或伴随情况等。提示1提示21.句子成分和词组成分（1）句子成分：作主语、宾语、主语补语、宾语补语、状语e.g.Flyingaplaneisdangerous.（主语）It’sfoolishbehavinglikethat.（主语）Ilikegettingupearly.（宾语）

Ourdutyisservingthepeopleheartandsoul.（主语补语）

Ifeltsomebodypattingmeontheshoulder.（宾语补语）Youwon’tcatchmedoingthatagain.（宾语补语）

Theydescribedtheboyasbeingveryclever.（宾语补语）–ing分词分句的句法功能2能用-ing分词作宾语补语的动词通常是表示感觉和心理状态的动词、表示“致使”意义的动词、以及regard，describe，thinkof等动词。提示（2）词组成分：作名词修饰语、作介词补足成分e.g.Weshallarrivetoolatetocatchthetrainleavingateight.(=thatleavesateight)

Thestudents,wearingtheirschooluniforms,marched

intotheplayground.(=whowerewearingtheirschooluniforms)Hedreamsof

sailingroundtheworld.Paulisangryabout

notbeinginvitedtotheparty.

Teenagersoftenhavedifficulty(in)expressingthemselves.

Theheavysnowpreventedthem(from)goingtotheconcert.-ing分词前的介词有时省略，主要见于口语，特别常见于美式英语。提示2.作状语：表示时间、原因、条件、让步、结果、伴随状况或行为方式

（1）表示时间e.g.Openingthedoor,Isawnobodyin.(=WhenIopened

thedoor)Whilewaitingforthetrain,ImetPaterTaylor.(=WhileIwaswaitingforthetrain)（2）表示原因e.g.Beingwelltakencareof,sherecoveredquickly.

Havingworkedhardallday,Iwasreadyforbedby

eighto’clock.如带从属连词，通常是when，while，whenever等。-ing分词分句作状语比相应的限定分句正式，文学色彩较浓。提示1提示2（3）表示条件e.g.Workinghard,youwillsucceed.

Evenifreceivingvisitors,patientsmustobservenormal

hospitalrules.（4）表示让步e.g.Knowingallthis,theystillinsistedonmypayingforthedamage.

Whetherwakingorsleeping,thesubjectisalwaysinhismind.表示原因不带从属连词。提示如带从属连词，通常是if，once，evenif，unless，且通常限于真实条件句。提示如带从属连词，通常是though，although，whether...or等。提示（5）表示结果e.g.Theircarwascaughtinatrafficjam,thuscausingthedelay.Abombexplodedatthehotelyesterdayafternoon,killingsevenpeople.（6）表示伴随状况或行为方式e.g.Theoldmanwasfastasleep,holdingabookinhishand.Alicestoppedspeakingasifwaitingforhimtospeak.表示结果不带从属连词，位于句末。提示表示行为方式的从属连词一般是asif和asthough。提示备注①*Becarefulwhilecrossthestreet.②*Although

worked

very

hard,

he

failed

to

turnin

his

research

paper

on

time.

①Becarefulwhilecrossingthestreet.√

或Becarefulwhileyoucrossthestreet.√②

Although

working

very

hard,

he

failed

to

turn

in

his

research

paper

on

time.√

或Although

heworked

very

hard,

he

failed

to

turnin

his

research

paper

on

time.√典型错误3

Thisisoneoftheissuesthatdeserve__________.(2016-17)

A.B.C.D.beingmentionedmentioningtomentionformention该题考查动词deserve之后用-ing分词主动形式表被动意义的用法。英语中表示“需要”、“值得”等含义的动词need，require，want，deserve之后可以用-ing分词表被动意义，deservementioning相当于deservetobementioned，因此B为正确答案。参见《教程》P239。这是值得提及的问题之一。Pleasepardon________you.(2014-58)A.B.C.D.mydisturbingdisturbingmetodisturbthatIdisturb该题考查动词与-ing分词的搭配及-ing分词的逻辑主语问题。及物动词pardon之后只能带-ing分词而不能带不定式，也不能接that-分句，因此C、D均不正确。该句为祈使句，disturbing的逻辑主语显然不是听话人“you”，而是说话人“I”，因此其逻辑主语也不能省略，需要用物主限定词或代词宾格表示出来，因此A为正确答案。参见《教程》P236。请原谅我打扰你了。Whichoftheitalicizedpartsfunctionsasanobject?(2012-58)A.B.C.D.Hedoesn’tliketheideaofmyspeakingatthemeeting.Itisnouseyourpretendingnottoknowthematter.Herfallingintotheriverwastheclimaxofthewholetrip.Myparentsstronglyobjecttomygoingoutaloneatnight.该题考查-ing分词分句的句法功能。A项意为“他不喜欢我在会上发言的想法”，句中斜体部分为介词词组作theidea的后置修饰语；B项意为“你装作不知道这件事，这样没有用”，-ing分词分句作真正主语，it为形式主语；C项意为“她掉入河中成了整个旅程中的高潮部分”，-ing分词分句作主语；D项意为“我的父母强烈反对我晚上独自外出”，-ing分词分句作介词to的宾语。因此D为正确答案。哪个句子的斜体部分充当宾语？________shouldnotbecomeaseriousdisadvantageinlifeandwork.(2010-65)A.B.C.D.TobenottallNotbeingtallBeingnottallNottobetall该题考查-ing分词分句作主语的用法以及-ing分词的否定式。-ing分词分句和不定式分句都可以作主语，在意义上相近，但是-ing分词分句多用来表示泛指的、抽象的、已知的意义，不定式分句多用来表示特指的、具体的、将来的动作。该句中“个子不高”是一种抽象的、已知的概念，应该用-ing分词分句，其否定式是在-ing分词之前加not，因此B为正确答案。A、C不是正确的否定式。个子不高不应成为生活和工作中的一大劣势。“Themanpreparingthedocumentsisthefirm’slawyer”hasallthefollowingpossiblemeaningsEXCEPT_______.(2009-65)A.B.C.D.themanwhohaspreparedthedocuments...themanwhohasbeenpreparingthedocuments...themanwhoispreparingthedocuments...themanwhowillpreparethedocuments...该题考查对-ing分词作后置修饰语的意义的理解。该句-ing分词在句中作后置修饰语，-ing分词可表示主动或进行的动作，但是不可以表示将来，表将来应该用不定式作后置修饰语。因此选D。A项表主动，B项表主动和进行，C项表主动和进行，均为-ing分词的可能意义。“Themanpreparingthedocumentsisthefirm’slawyer”有下列所有可能的意义，除了______。______,hecannowonlywatchitonTVathome.(1998-45)A.B.C.D.ObtainingnotaticketforthematchNotobtainingaticketforthematchNothavingobtainedaticketforthematchNotobtainedaticketforthematch该题考查-ing分词的完成体作原因状语的用法以及-ing分词的否定式。分句的逻辑主语和动词obtain是主动关系，应该用-ing分词。又因为“现在在家看电视”是此前未能买到票的结果，所以应该用-ing分词的完成体来表示已完成的动作，因此C为正确答案。注意：-ing分词完成体的否定式为nothavingdone。由于此前没有买到比赛的票，他现在只能在家里观看比赛的电视转播。Ininternationalmatches,prestigeissoimportantthattheonlythingthatmattersistoavoid______.(1996-48)A.B.C.D.frombeingbeatenbeingbeatenbeatingtobebeaten该题考查动词avoid与-ing分词的搭配。及物动词avoid只能带-ing分词而不能带不定式作宾语。根据句意，动词avoid跟宾语beating之间是被动关系，应该用beating的被动式，因此B为正确答案。在国际比赛中，声望是极其重要的，因此唯一重要的事就是避免被击败。Heresented______towait.Heexpectedtheminister______himatonce.(1995-53)A.B.C.D.tobeasked,toseebeingasked,toseetobeasked,seeingbeingasked,seeing该题考查动词resent与-ing分词的搭配以及expect与不定式的搭配。动词resent只能带-ing分词而不能带不定式作宾语，动词expect只能带不定式而不能带-ing分词作宾补。又因为句中动词resent跟宾语asking之间是被动关系，应该用asking的被动式，因此B为正确答案。他讨厌被要求等候，他期待部长马上接见他。Henoticedthehelicopterhoveringoverthefield.Thentohisastonishment,hesawaropeladder______outandthreemenclimbingdownit.(1995-52)A.B.C.D.throwingbeingthrownhavingthrownhavingbeenthrown该题考查感官动词之后用-ing分词被动态作宾语补语的用法。感官动词see可用-ing分词、不定式及-ed分词作宾语补语，句中aropeladder与throw是被动关系，通常情况下是用-ed分词作宾语补语，但考虑到后面的平行结构用了-ing分词climbing，说明这里表达被动和进行，即表达“绳梯正在被扔出”的过程，应该用-ing分词的被动态形式，因此B为正确答案。另外，感官动词接不定式作宾语补语就表示动作的已完成，不与-ing分词的完成体形式连用，因此D不对。他注意到直升飞机在田野上空盘旋，接下来让他吃惊的是，他看到一架绳梯从飞机里扔出来，三个人正顺着它往下爬。Ineverregretted______hisoffer,foritwasnotwheremyinterestlay.(1993-53)A.B.C.D.nottoacceptnothavingacceptedhavingnotacceptednotaccepting该题考查动词regret与-ing分词的搭配以及-ing分词的否定式。动词regret既可接不定式作宾语也可接-ing分词作宾语，两者的区别在于：regrettodosth.意为“对将要做的事表示遗憾”，regretdoingsth.意为“后悔做了某事”。根据句意，此处指后悔做过了某事，应该用-ing分词的完成体形式，因此B为正确答案。C不是正确的否定形式，D没用完成体。我从不为没有接受他的提议而后悔，因为那不是我的兴趣所在。本讲主要介绍了-ing分词和动词的搭配关系，既能直接带不定式又能直接带-ing分词的动词，-ing分词分句的结构模式和句法功能。学习中首先掌握-ing分词的四种语法形式及其否定式，理解-ing分词的完成体、被动态的意义及用法。-ing分词和动词的搭配关系的学习难点是掌握能带-ing分词而不能带不定式作宾语的常见动词，这些动词通常表示说话人对客观事实所作出的反应，可以利用熟词带生词、同（近）义词、反义词来联想记忆。注意need，want，require，deserve等动词之后的-ing分词用主动形式表被动意义，相当于不定式的被动态。既能带不定式又能带-ing分词而意义不同的动词可分组学习，remember/forget/regret等词的用法与时间先后有关，try/mean/can’thelp等词的用法取决于动词本身的不同含义，stop/goon/leaveoff等词与句法功能有关。-ing分词分句通常不带自己的主语，其逻辑主语通常可在上下文或情景中得以判定；-ing分词分句有时可通过带从属连词明示它与主句之间的逻辑关系；-ing分词分句也能带自己的主语，作动词宾语、介词补足成分（介词宾语）时用名词通格、代词的宾格或属格，带主语的-ing分词分句可以构成“独立结构”，常用作状语。-ing分词分句既可用作主语、宾语、主语补语、宾语补语、状语等句子成分，也可用作名词修饰语、介词补足成分等词组成分。-ing分词分句可用作各种状语，表示时间、原因、条件、让步、结果、伴随状况或行为方式等。-ing分词分句作状语比相应的限定分句更为正式，建议在写作中学习使用。1.2.3.04.5.Hewasinlowspiritsandevenconsidered________(go)away.Practise________(put)thetipofyourtonguebetweenyourteethandblowing:Youwillpronounceperfectth’s!Ican’thelp________(wonder)whetherweshouldrisk________(go)withoutraincoats.Mymotherdetested________(go)toclassicalconcertssoIneverlearned_____________(appreciate)classicalmusicuntilIwasoldenough________(start)acollectionofrecords.Hedidn’tfeellike________(work),sohesuggested________(spend)thedayinthegarden.goingputtingwonderinggoinggoingtoappreciatetostartspendingworking6.7.08.9.10.Youstillhavealot________(learn)ifyou’llforgivemy________(say)so.Timdecided________(put)brokenglassontopofhiswall___________(prevent)boys__________(climb)overit.Youcertainlymustn’tmiss________(see)thiswonderfulfilm.Doyourecollect__________(tell)Johnaboutthenewhouse?Weallappreciateyour________(want)________(help)usinourdifficulties.tolearntoputseeingtellingwantingsayingtopreventclimbingtohelp11.12.13.14.15.Michaelalwaysdefers________(do)hishomeworktillthelastmoment.Thewitnessdenied__________(see)theaccusedman.Michaelhasdelayed________(write)tohertilltoday.A:I’mthinkingof________(fly)toOxfordtomorrowinmyhelicopter.Wouldyoulike________(come)?B:No,thanks.Iwant________(go)toOxford,butI’drather________(go)bytrain.Iloathe________(fly).Ifwebuyplentyoffoodnow,itwillsave__________(shop)againnextweek.doinghavingseenwritingflyingshoppingtocometogogoflying16.17.18.19.Thepeasantboyswore________(take)revengeonhisfather’smurderer.Thelawforbids________(sell)liquortominors.Ididn’tmean________(eat)anythingbutthecakeslookedsogoodthatIcouldn’tresist________(try)one.A:Idon’tmind__________(travel)bybus,butIhate________________(stand)inqueues.B:Idon’tcarefor________(queue)either;andyouwastesomuchtime________(wait)forbuses.Ithinkit’sbetter________(go)bytubeortaxi.totakesellingtoeattravellingstanding/tostandqueuingwaitingtogotrying20.A:Wouldyouchildrenmind________(keep)quietforamoment?I’mtrying________(fill)upaform.B:It’snouse________(ask)children________(keep)quiet.Theycan’thelp________(make)anoise.keepingtofillaskingtokeepmaking1.02.03.0Hedidn’tevenacknowledgethathehadreceivedtheinvitation.Ididn’trecallthathehadsaidanysuchthing.Theaccusedpretendedthathedidn’tunderstandthelawyer’squestions.Hedidn’tevenacknowledgereceiving/havingreceivedtheinvitation.Ididn’trecall

him/hissaying/havingsaidanysuchthing.Theaccusedpretendednottounderstandthelawyer’squestions.4.05.06.07.TheheadmastersuggestedthatIshouldtrytheexaminationagainthefollowingyear.Doyouanticipatethattherewillbeanyrealproblemingettingsupport?Surelyhewon’tdenythathewasthereonthatoccasion.IvowedthatIwouldneverfollowhisadviceagain.Theheadmastersuggestedmytryingtheexaminationagainthefollowingyear.Doyouanticipatetherebeinganyrealproblemingettingsupport?Surelyhewon’tdenybeingthereonthatoccasion.Ivowednevertofollowhisadviceagain.8.9.10.Noteacherwouldprofessthatheknowsalltheanswers.Ican’timaginethathewouldeveragreetosuchaproposition(计划).

IhopethatIwillhavereadthisbookbynextFriday.Noteacherwouldprofesstoknowalltheanswers.Ican’timaginehim/hiseveragreeingtosuchaproposition.IhopetohavereadthisbookbynextFriday.1.02.03.4.5.6.Mostpeopleprefer________(spend)moneyto________(earn)it.Sorry,wedon’tallow________(smoke)inthelectureroom.Thisproblemdemands________________(lookinto).Thedoctoradvised________(take)exercise.Try________(put)insomemorevinegar—thatmightmakeittasteabitbetter.Ourteacherhaspromised____________(help)us___________(prepare)fortheexaminationswhichhehasputoff________(hold)tillnextweek.spendingsmokingtobelookedintotakingearningputtingtohelp(to)prepareholding7.8.9.10.11.Shebegan_____________(understand)whathereallywanted.Iresented________(be)unjustlyaccusedandaskedhim_____________(apologize).Iremember_______(hear)him______(say)thegrassneeded________________(cut).It’ssilly________(risk)________(get)yourfeetwet.I’vealwaysloved_______(act).I’dlove_______(see)you________(wear)aRomantogaand________(recite)Shakespeare.tounderstandbeingtoapologizehearingsaycutting/tobecuttoriskgettingactingwearingrecitingtosee12.13.14.15.16.17.Ihate__________(mention)it,butyouowemesomemoney.Iregret________(tell)youthattheentryfortheexamisclosed.Iadviseyou________(wait)before________(decide)________(accept)thejob.Trainingtobeasingermeans__________(practise)atleasttwohourseveryday.Shegenerallybegins________(knit)afterlunch.Iwishhewouldstop____________(pretend)tobeanexpertonByzantineArt.tomentiontotelltowaitdecidingtoacceptpracticingknittingpretending18.19.20.Idislike________(be)lookedatwhile___________(attempt)________(learn)________(ski).Iappreciate___________(you,want)________(help)myfriend,butit’stimehelearnt__________(practise)________(do)hisworkalone.Iknowyouwillpardon_________(I,say)so,butyoukeep________(give)ustoomanyhardwords________(spell)inEnglish.beingyourwantingmysayinggivingtospellattemptingtolearnskiingtohelptopractisedoing1.02.03.0a.Theboywantswatching.__________________________________________b.Theboywantstowatch.__________________________________________a.Themantriedturningthekeyanotherway.__________________________________________b.Themantriedtoturnthekeyanotherway.__________________________________________

a.I’vequiteforgottenputtingitthere.__________________________________________b.I’vequiteforgottentoputitthere.__________________________________________Thatboyoughttobewatched.Thatboywantstoseewhatishappening.Themanexperimentedbyturningthekeyanotherway.Themanmadeanattempttoturnthekeyanotherway.Iputitthere,butI’vequiteforgottenwhatIdid.Ithasn’toccurredtomethatIshouldputitthere.Expandthefollowingsentencessoastoclarifythedifferenceinmeaningbetweenthetwomembersofeachpair.4.05.

a.Ican’thelpapologizing.__________________________________________b.Ican’thelptoapologizeforhim.__________________________________________a.Revolutionmeansliberatingtheproductiveforces.____________________________________________________________________________________b.Theymeanttoliberatetheproductiveforces.__________________________________________Icannotbutapologize.Ican’thelphimtoapologizeforhiswrongdoing.Themeaningofrevolutionistheliberationoftheproductiveforces.Theyintendedtoliberatetheproductiveforces.1.02.03.4.05.她买好车票以后就开始收拾行李。你们对执行这项计划有什么反对意见吗？重修这条运河已经给国民经济带来许多好处。看到面前坐着这么多人，她感到很紧张。我在四川住过许多年，对那里情况很了解。Afterbookingtheticket,shebegantopackherthings.Haveyouanyobjectiontocarryingoutthisplan?Rebuildingthiscanalhasalreadybroughtmanybenefitstoournationaleconomy.Seeingsomanypeoplebeforeher,shefeltverynervous.HavinglivedinSichuanformanyyears,Iknowthatplaceverywell.6.07.08.09.10.我们开始敲门，以为那就是他的住所。天气这样暖和，有人建议在露天举行晚会。她坐在那里一声不响，泪水顺着面颊流下来。当他到达村里时，发现姑娘们正在田里摘棉花。昨天下午老师撞见几个小学生在教室里抽烟。Webegantoknockatthedoor,thinkingthatwashishome.Theweatherbeingsowarm,someonesuggestedhavingthepartyintheopenair.Shesattheresilent,tearsstreamingdownhercheeks.Whenhegottothevillage,hefoundthegirlspickingcottoninthefields.Yesterdayafternoontheschoolmastercaughtsomepupilssmokingcigarettesintheclassroom.策划：李冰诗责任编辑：倪淦英主编：刘升策划制作：曹晓英邱丽津美术设计：林小彬晟景科技（厦门）股份有限公司

制作上海外语教育出版社出版©上海外语教育出版社，2022版权所有翻版必究新世纪高等院校英语专业本科生系列教材（修订版）新编英语语法教程（第6版）电子课件句①中suggest与advise不同，它不能和“宾语+不定式”结构连用，其后可以接-ing分词或-that分句。句②remember之后用不定式表示动作发生在“记得”之后，而句中“在哪里见过他”发生在“记得”之前，应该用-ing分词，不能用不定式。句①从属分句的逻辑主语是主句的主语，即泛指的人们，且与谓语动词之间是主动关系，应该用-ing分词分句，或者补充逻辑主语改为限定分句。句②非限定分句的谓语动词与其逻辑主语he之间是主动关系，应该用-ing分词分句，或者补充逻辑主语改为限定分句。consider只能带-ing分词结构而不能带不定式结构作宾语。practise只能带-ing分词结构而不能带不定式结构作宾语。can’thelp表示“忍不住”之意时只能带-ing分词结构而不能带不定式结构作宾语；risk也只能带-ing分词结构而不能带不定式结构作宾语。detest（厌恶）只能带-ing分词结构而不能带不定式结构作宾语；表示成功“学会”了某种技巧，learn之后用不定式结构；句型“主语＋be+adj.+enoughtodosth.”意为“某人/某物足够…可以做某事”。feellike只能带-ing分词结构而不能带不定式结构作宾语；suggest只能带-ing分词结构而不能带不定式结构作宾语。表达“有很多东西要学”需用havealottolearn，不定式作后置修饰语；表达“原谅某人做某事”，需用forgivesb./sb.’sdoingsth.，forgive后用-ing分词结构作宾语。decide只能带不定式结构而不能带-ing分词结构作宾语；不定式结构toprevent...在句中作目的状语，相当于inordertoprevent…；搭配preventsb.(from)doingsth.意为“阻止某人做某事”。miss（错过）只能带-ing分词结构而不能带不定式结构作宾语，missdoingsth.意为“错过做某事”。recollect（想起）只能带-ing分词结构而不能带不定式结构作宾语，recollectdoingsth.意为“记得曾做过某事”。appreciate只能带-ing分词结构而不能带不定式结构作宾语，句中的your为-ing分词的逻辑主语；表达某人“想要做某事”，用wanttodosth.。defer（推迟）只能带-ing分词结构而不能带不定式结构作宾语，deferdoingsth.意为“推迟干某事”。deny只能带-ing分词结构而不能带不定式结构作宾语，因为“see（看见）”发生在“denied（否认）”之前，所以这里用完成体更好。delay只能带-ing分词结构而不能带不定式结构作宾语。of为介词，后接-ing分词作宾语，thinkofdoingsth.意为“打算/考虑做某事”；wouldlike后只能接不定式作宾语；表达“想要做某事”用wanttodosth.；在情态成语wouldrather后需接无to不定式；动词loathe只能带-ing分词结构而不能带不定式结构作宾语，loathedoingsth.意为“讨厌干某事”。save只能带-ing分词结构而不能带不定式结构作宾语，savedoingsth.=savesb.thetroubleofdoingsth.意为“省去（某人）做某事的麻烦”。swear只能带不定式结构而不能带-ing分词结构作宾语，sweartodosth.意为“发誓要做某事”。forbid能直接带-ing分词结构作宾语，不能直接带不定式，但可以先带宾语再带不定式。mean既可以接不定式作宾语，也可以接-ing分词作宾语，但是含义不