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SUBLEVELCAVINGCONTENTSSLCDESIGNCONCEPTSDRAWTHEORYSLCDESIGNLAYOUTDEBATEDesignrulesDrawiskingCriticalissuestobeansweredbeforegeotechnicaldesign:

-Howmuchdevelopmentforhowmuchrecovery? -Howmuchsupportforhowmuchrecovery? -SLC/blockcavetonnagecut-off? -SLCsustainingdevelopmentrateforreqtonnage? -hardorsoftcavingenvironment?1000msoftcavegeotechnicalcut-offInter-activedrawbecomesharderatdepthRecoveryharderatdepthWastegradebecomebetteratdepth(muckpilesalting)Norightorwrong,justprobabilitiesofsucessSLCBALANCECONCEPTSupportDrawBlastingProductionDrawtheoryHowthebrokengroundisdrawn/flowsDrawpointspacing’storeducedilution/increaserecoveryStillnotwellunderstoodPhysicalmodels/bunkers-Kvapli&Jenike1960’sMathematic/numericalplasticflow–Pariseau1960’sFullscalemarkertests–Kvapli,Just&Janelid1960’sPhysicalmodelsLaubscher,Tayloretc-1970-1980’sKvapilcurvesrevisited/Laubscher-Bull&2000ICS2001-presentPhysicalmodelsPFCRingmarkertrialsYENGE1980“theflowofcavedorecannotbedescribedsatisfactorybytheoriesdevelopedfortheflowofothergranularmaterialssuchassandpowderandserialgrains“DrawtheoryBestwehavegottodayWewillneversolvematerialvariabilityWemaygetcloserDesign’smustbetemperwith

-Commonsense -ExperienceTwodesigntheories

-kvapil -LaubscherFlowofmaterialBasicdrawtheoryEllipsoidareasEliposideformationMainpointsTwozones -DRAWOREXTRACTION

ellipsoid(MATERIALREMOVED) -Limitellipsoid(materialmovement/loosens)

Drawzone -Koperzoneincenter -shearzoneatthesidesPoints: -materialmovesfasterincentre -Finermaterialslimmerdrawzone -coarsermaterialwidedrawzone -drawzonewidthrelatedtomaterial/drawpointsizeSLCDesignClassificationMRMRbased2classes:Softcaves<class3Hardcaves>class3SUPPORTDESIGNSLCDESIGNLayoutsbasedondrawandblastingreqAbovereqdrawpointsclosetogetherWiderdrawpointsViolatesthelayoutstressrulesOperationaldepthlimitsoftcavesGreatersupportHardcavesbrowinstabilitySUSTAININGDEVELOPLEMENTDesignLayoutsbasedondrawKvapliLaubscherDrawinteractionSublevelheightDrawpointspacingFlatwidedrawpointsbacksLowerdriftheightsSublevelheigth: -Development -DrillingaccuracyDraw-interactionFLATBACKSLowdriftheight/ringangleKvapilLayoutdesignonbins/observationsprecisedeterminationofspacingCorrectionwithextractionelipsoid/IDZAppliescorrectionsfordriftbackprofile/oreUsesgraphsandformulaDeterminesSublevelheightDriftspacingDiggingdepth/burdencorrectionofsimmingofellipsoidforheigthKvapilDriftwidth,determinedfromgroundconditions

-MRMRclass4max4.5m(better3.8m) -MRMRClass3>max6.0mApplydriftcorrectionDeterminesublevelheigthDeterminewidthofextractionellipsoidDeterminedepthofextractionellipsoidDeterminedriftcenterspacingDri幅ft厦cor雄rec贡tio早nEl羽li序ps侦oi蚂d废wi千dt笋hDi挠g们wi堵dt柿hCa逆ve喷g暗ra叮di凑ngKva符pligra奏din且gs110睡%e袭xtr声act桶ionCl五as射s婚1,熟8筑0%见(绣or雪e聋)得<3纷0%逝w劫as却teCl分as孔s朗2,袄7壤5%认(悄or丧e)艇<删3梅5%虑w蒸as亮teCl圣as扮s付3,舍6嘱5%福(读or研e(烂<术45册%上wa虽st叶eRe级fe待r茄as拒7衬0/天30票o糟r酸60备/4嗓0Di涌lu简ti皆on严e不nt畏ry慰a秆bo颠ut炸4辩0稀%北m壁at睡er棵ia滚l植dr询aw踩nRe扒ma乎rk苏sOld窗sy专ste孕mExa停ct毙num杠berClo戴ser图sp钟aci欢ngHas扁be但en蕉cha诞lle瞒nge碌dIC抵S该m亏ay猴s馒ug厚ge勤st画t骑ha磨t犹th殖is害m早ay劲n朝ot筛b车e贷wr关on字gClo两ser呈dr煌aw颈poi们nt缴spa稼cin爬gGra铃din廊go胳ft暮ype舟so辛fd劳rawRe骆du尽ct曾io趣n另of乔d佛ra劳w则po伤in呀t咱si听ze直w厘it凯h中dr隙awhei浆gth18贱m悲th赔e塑cu沸t-嗽of延fLau命bsc狸herBin永&肌obs纹erv波ati色onsSh复ab颠an弦ieIs芽ol丛at艰ed倘d送ra贝w值zo终ne研d惕ia惑me尿te秧r毫co喇nc男ep闷tIDZ弯=L极imi躺te泡lli廊pso垃idIn田cr吉ea墨se浪d接in俭te诸ra喝ct惨io作n/侮s氏pa船ci昏ng办du并e淹to背a管bo疲veDra怀wp翁oin钓ts封pac炊ing板=I什DZ虎xi身nte能rac产tio鱼nf坑act辈orLau平bsc匆herbin赖sDr撕aw杯p登oi父nt睡w抖id崭th舱sDil格uti赌on变ent屑ry狡gra轻phsDi吉lu殊ti旷on蜘e诊nt辛ry撕g陷ra偿phLa阅ub沾sc残he旨rID石Z叼c促on极ce扫ptIn我te志ra果ct钟io弹n舒fa麦ct伞or纪?No甜dir叶ect屯us丛eMa玩in巧b盲lo允ck效c毅av顾in拴gReq愤uir贪es送ski歉llUs疤e抚fr句ag瘦me匪nt端at变io贸n妈si孟zeRan涨ge诞of衡dra章wp王oin稻tspa众cin限gsMis别sin怖gd法ataBul旗la申nd痛Pag蹲e20叨00青,马SL冈C脚de夕si流gn争r芹at朵io块na姥leNe皇w梅mo举de狱l半of扶b节eh各av储io秋rOl表d观bi乒n朱th刚eo享ry召l调ay杠ou怀ts扭c瓣au看se坊d厘me侧th次od揭p妖ro纪bl泰em药sEmb滔rac师edYen充ge’浆sst油at的em册en借tExc坡ess旅ive户di浮lut遣ion富&伯low化re济cov举eryAb侍ov期e昨le蝴d劈燕to梅S右LC圣b霜ei炸ng染u渡np换op玩ul盖arRec紧ent分ev爸ide文nce蛛sh升owe真db略ett辨er割rec野ove劳rie殖sDra挖wb井eha偷vio脸rw储as盟sim世ila为rt志ob驳loc铜kc疾avi沟ngLay芽out遣sw疫ere喷ba爱sed共onLa吐ub苏sc荣he泻rvi公ewAd吼va重nc预ed步t废he港c矩on听ce炉pt逗o闻f圈Is赴ol繁at钩ed全/种in乌te肃ra桐ct胀iv驾e盯dr灶aw14.变5m映dra边wp理oin依ts旺pac漏ingRec苗ove威ry描imp佩rov墨eme删nts糕:-mo征re炼i到nt醒er桨ac萍ti棋ve投l梦ay膨ou燃ts-价St匀ri烫ct带a流pp瞧li卫ca千ti候on茫o星f燃d站ra瓦w茧st舟an幕da须rd牧sInt驾era佣cti还ve/截is字ola村ted结dr叫awDra历ws勤tan械dar询dsBul功lRul甩es俊or抓com跟man唤dme惧nts-坛Al甜ig骆nm四en扒t姨of叮f里ac扩es鱼(每3-族5已fa惹ce助s)-盒Un兵if庙or脏m享dr帮aw欲o巷f咐bl侮as防te庙d突ma满te钉ri桑al-G尼ood晒bl皂ast睬ing睛st免and咸ard玻s-涛Go脾od有r牢oa忌dw彼ay希s/否s帮up郊po嚼rt-B帜og认acr击oss护fu拼ll抬wid曲th骡of晶fac腥eDra绪ws蓝tan永dar背dsBu否llRul纯es钢or燃com俩man矮dme萝nts-饭Al辱ig头nm泪en群t盏of误f四ac么es私(染3-追5语fa纽奉ce圾s)-U果nif煌orm赞dr融aw督of周bla习ste筝dm址ate锅ria棚l-G民ood戏bl抛ast警ing废st状and跨ard遣s-G缝ood砍ro韵adw咱ays莫/s总upp命ort-堤Bo庙g盛ac羽ro倚ss张f播ul普l涉wi声dt孤h钩of筐f糕ac废eDra盏ws艳tan谦dar妙dsBu丈llRul含es议or摧com汪man芝dme哨nts-A惩lig暴nme瞧nt饿of睛fac态es敬(3-尘5f疑ace辽s)-伏Un永if胃or残m服dr榆aw纯o李f故bl敌as葱te柿d愈ma猫te邀ri竟al-G除ood浊bl船ast爷ing优st周and胶ard闷s-外Go辰od踢r默oa士dw省ay宇s/决s昌up付po特rt-B寒og娘acr凡oss劝fu朱ll陷wid驱th拌of习fac坊eCu舞mu傻la渴ti枯vedi利lu遮ti攻io借n15-屈24%辜(4球0%)Met识al姨rec府ove居rie句s9挡0-1伪00%Di唱lu球ti防on狠e伙nt哨ry挂p跟oi夺nt笼5磁0%隙(柔20轧%)Bu捐ll私&奇p偷ag网eCha降lle辰nge雾dDo斑es天n载ot臂w尊or败kCri常tic刚si瞒su纠nfa挣irDe坑si极gn阅p递hi石lo墙so庙ph放y吐is喷su膏esDo扮w湖e洒de峡si塞gn孔m信in锣e’驰s风wi难th掩h话um膏an身s催ys谜te听m妻er臂ro叙rGr铲ey下a伴re爪a畅re伏ga旅rd旅in砖g插th徒e骗14珍.5债m爱dr暂aw肌p扮oi验nt(Ma戴ss殿mi妈n200似54堡6F刮ig8)自:-涨8测m屠to垫1劝0m肺a戴pa遮rt孙i铅nt遍er似ac厕ti拉ve看d辟ra闭w-竞10衡m笔to邀1惠8m爸g鞠ra欺y掌ar催ea香(准no劲c樱om柏me汪nt假d渴eg找re架as赢in泳g替ef煌fe脾ct灭iv绿en萌es哲s)-1借8m义iso达lat粗ed岸dra石wc循ond伙iti绒onsIn援te鸟ra芦ct眠io胆n裙of革i披nt隐er息ac获ti惊on怀f团ac环to加rs芦n席ot唇c坛le框arSLC冒Cl否ass籍ifi点cat吊ionMR葵MR番ba顽se纳d2c迁las姥ses滨:Sof昆tc似ave扬s<海cl殿ass鼻3Ha寻rd需c猪av付es杀>恼c德la雀ss秘3SU迟PP什OR份T读DE门SI叮GNSL垃C战Cl挡as郑si旷fi捆ca缎ti币onMRM昂R姻bas跨ed2c鸽las吉ses遵:Sof政tc评ave童s<段cl毁ass刃3Har聚dc树ave余s>拆cl垂ass滔3SUP工POR明TD治ESI今GNDRA姿WPO母INT隶SP梯ACI担NGDS=填ID言Zx粒IN旗TER押ACT命ION沫FA暖CTO羽RIn党te季ra重ct码io卖n积fa馆ct累or慈sRan岗ge品fro臣m1污.2场to塑1.6Bl坊oc恢k唤ca汽ve调s勾no索m诱uc圾k读pi馅le桥c贫on咽fi杆ne提me烈nt计=驰1片.5Re算ce糟nt夹l天ay长ou请ts甩4泳c龙av映es裳(变25培m)Dil陷uti俭on罗30%疲ex敞tra旗cti浊on荣76限to活98%Cl洲as守s熟4Dr福aw非p棒oi街nt石s责4.额5烘to羞6宜m淋wi征deSpa眨cin敢gb丧etw止een烂11别to狭14蚕.5m85捷to栗98%图ex妥tra梢cti依on=轧IF缓of到1.看2t蜜o1秧.376院to疏8容5%虫e即xt谢ra缩慧ct描io创n巴=叶1.码3盛to远1雾.514.稻5m抗=1享.613.质5=昆1.数5Bul宵l&译pa古ge>1练2m饥dra滤wp帝oin房诚ts气pac驴ing妖?Que择sti肚ons候:-wh脚at计i艺nt僵er奇ac暑ti怖on炮f液ac名to智r洒us女ed眨?-浸ho锄w肚se等ns发it钱iv吗e剩to猜d弦ra渠w单co千nt涨ro愤l龙st仅an捆da搁rd乳?-P乞rob头abi秆lit垦yo像fa家chi渐evi亮ng窜the黄ab桃ove垃?舅(30由%)-晌Ga管in禁s完co童mp具ar暗ed谈t元o准is祝ol衡at间ed犬d阿ra胞w州la桂yo西ut-r葬eco敲ver匹y/究dil恩uti唇on,浴su涨sta咽in塑dev.C酸APE贿XNo鸟t揪wr注on壁gPro渐bab泛ili劣sti项c/掉ris缴kf颂or乱rec绸ove们ryGoo钟da亲nsw左ers登no淋to怨pin豆ion跨re母qui定red13植m荣la桥yo朝ut跟s亩pa振ci裂ng望=惜re说co朗ve脚ryvsCA纤PE露X缎fo显r主de剩vINC苗O/坝STO蝇BIEIs号ol识at幼ed久d壮ra样w浴si蕉tu何at插io什n20埋0225m袖x翁25m要la柏you矮tsHu抹st自ru百id/L贝KAB唱l阵arg帝es作ub垫lev师els释ba辟df智or群dil造uti筒onRed纪uce旺co询sts意wi惹del的ys群pac贵ed沸dra泥wp险oin拔ts临and毯su乐bl悟eve架lsIs蕉thi诵sb扮adNoIns凉itu固gr更ade库of祖th栽er碰ingCu奇t-斧of愉f日of凳s夫hu晨t-脉of堆f飞gr欺ad掀eDr亡aw微i数nt悬er染ac嗽ti演on茶i朋s欢a鼓se馆co离nd吐ar赔y抛is兴su旁eMu膜ck仿p纠il喂e世sa坡lt饺in近g溪ov睬er蜂t刘im凉eWha世tt捞oy敌ou到cal调ld丸ilu梳tio核nCON孤FUS蜓ED克?Dif阶fer悔enc灰ea炊ppr芒oac恳hesNo背t串wr糟on鸣gHow遗do援we冶de笨sig铲na厉su傍bl检eve贩lc勿ave第?Wh浑at朝a浅pp愁ro在ac箱h复sh密ou冰ld肌b案e适us吵edApp外roa咱ch厕eco烦nom亮ic镇not默ge豆ote赠chn径ica惹lUse捕la爹you莲tt定hat哗gi剩ves锹be梨st陪ret冒urnIss钢ues坐:-pro哨jec砌tc桨api狼tal和/s首ust怕ain洗ing故de藏vvsre列co悠ve魂ry-C册an伍you令de站vel陪op撕lay灵out泡fo撇ri放nte巴rac菊tio员n-踩Gr荐ey喷a眼re午a溉po纸ss演ib群le择b隐y沈ri层sk部y-s挥ize贯of丸ca完vevsSus绝tai紫ns圈ub升lev刷el登dev11举m祝to汪n/撑yr获c拆av顶e因26毅km替s絮de腾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