2022-2023学年山东省菏泽市高二（下）期中英语试卷（A卷）-普通用卷

第=page11页，共=sectionpages11页2022-2023学年山东省菏泽市高二（下）期中英语试卷（A卷）一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共37.5分）AYou'veprobablytriedeasycenter-cityBeijingridesifyouenjoyriding.Nowit'stimetolevelupyourrides，sotheywilltakeyououtintothecountrysideandattractivemountains.

DeathValley

Approximatedistance：100kmloop（环线）

Itmaysoundterrifying，butBeijing'scyclistsnamedthisnorthernroute"DeathValley"onaccountofthehugetombitpasses，notthenumberofon-roadaccidentsithaswitnessed.Inreality，it'stheclosest，mostlycar-freelooptothecitycenter.

Tuesday/ThursdayTTT

Approximatedistance：54kmloop

ThisTeamTimeTrialisverypopularamongtheBeijingcyclingcommunityasanearlymorningridebeforework.Whileit'snotparticularlyscenic，therearefewtrafficlights，andtheroadsarenottoobusyandhaveadequatebikelanesoneachside，makingitarelativelytrouble-freeride.Ifyou'dliketoridewithagroup，seekoutearlymorningBeijingridergroupsandjointhemonTuesdayorThursdaymorningsat5amor6amdependingontheseason.

TheVerse

Approximatedistance：120kmloop

Itpassesacafewithgood（althoughexpensive）foodandevenhigh-endaccommodation，butthebestpartistheirsuperwelcomingattitudetowardscyclists.It'sabitofhiketogettherebutwellworththeeffort，asyouarerewardedwithamazingviewsoftheGreatWalluponarrival，andaridebackthatismostlydownhill.

TongzhouGrandCanalForestPark

Approximatedistance：70kmloop

ThisparkistheclosestplaceforriderstoenjoytheGrandCanalinBeijing.TheTongzhouGrandCanalisatruewonderinChina，andoneofthegreatestcivilengineeringprojectsinhistory.TheoldestpartsofitdatebackhundredsofyearsBC.Itwillbeafunridehere.1.Whyisthenorthernroutenamed"DeathValley"？______A.Ithasdeadlyloopsforcars.

B.Itislocatedinadistantplace.

C.Thereisalargetombontheroute.

D.Manyaccidentshavehappenedalongtheroad.2.Whichofthefollowingcoverstheshortestdistance？______A.DeathValley.

B.Tuesday/ThursdayTTT.

C.TheVerse

D.TongzhouGrandCanalForestPark3.Whatdothelasttworouteshaveincommon？______A.Theybothofferadownhillride.

B.Theybothhaveadequatebikelanes.

C.Theybothpassasecond-to-nonecafe.

D.Theybothofferaviewofhistoricalsites.BWindpowerisapowerfultoolforreducingcarbonemissionsthatcauseclimatechange.Theturbines（涡轮机），however，canbeathreattobirds，whichiswhyexpertsarelookingforwaystopreventthedanger.

AcompanyinBoulder，Coloradohasproducedacamera-and-AI-basedtechnologythatcanrecognizeeaglesandotherbirdsastheyapproachinenoughtimetoshutoffturbinesintheirflightpaths.Theirtool，calledIdentiFlight，candetect5.62timesmorebirdflightsthanhumanobserversalone，withanaccuracyrateof94percent.Usinghigh-precision（高精确度的）visualsensors，thesystemcalculatesabird'sspeedandflightpath，andifitisonacrashpathwithaturbine，asignalissenttoshutthatturbinedown.

WinninganawardforitsperformanceinAustralia，thetrackingsystemwassetupin2018andwasfoundtocuteagledeathsattheCattleHillWindFarmbymorethanfour-fifths.Eachdaysignalshaveshutdowntheirmovementsanaverageof400times—acrossthefieldof48turbines—for2to3minuteseachtime.

Acrosstheglobe，DukeEnergyinWyomingisemployingthesametechnologywithimpressiveresultsatitsTopoftheWorldWindpowerProject，whichwasthefirstwindsitetousethetechnology.In2014，IdentiFlight'smaker，BoulderImaging，usedTopoftheWorldfortestingaftereagleswerekilledbytheturbines，whichleftDukeEnergyinviolation（违反）oftheMigratoryBirdTreatyAct.47unitsmadeofeightwide-anglecamerasnowconstantlypasscrosstheskytomonitorall110turbines.

BirdloverGarryGeorgeadmits，"Ourownscienceshowsthatclimatechangeisbyfarthebiggestthreattobirdsandtheplaceswildlifeneedtosurvive.IdentiFlightwillmakeitpossibletofighttheworsteffectsofclimatechangeandprotectthebirdsweloveintheprocess."4.WhatcanIdentiFlightdo？______A.Stoptheturbineswhenbirdsarespotted.

B.Preventbirdsfromchoosingacrashpath.

C.Identifypotentialthreatstowindturbines.

D.Lettheturbinesmakefulluseofwindpower.5.Whatdoesthedatainparagraph3showaboutIdentiFlight？______A.Itiswidelyused.

B.Itreceivedawarmwelcome.

C.Itisveryeffective.

D.Ithasareallylongservicelife.6.WhydidDukeEnergyworkwithBoulderImagingin2014？______A.Itbroketherelevantlawonbirdprotection.

B.ItrespondedtothecallofBoulderImaging.

C.Itintendedtoimproveitswide-anglecameras.

D.ItfollowedintheCattleHillWindFarm'sfootsteps.7.WhatisGarryGeorge'sattitudetoIdentiFlight？______A.Reserved. B.Approving. C.Uncertain. D.Unconcerned.CTheoceansustainsalllifeonourplanet.Itprovidesfoodtoeatandoxygentobreathe，whileplayingakeyroleinmakingourclimatelessextreme.Buttheoceanisbecomingconsiderablywarmer，affectingitsabilitytosustainlife.ThehightemperaturesseenaroundtheMediterraneanthisyearareindicativeofrisingglobaltemperatures.ResearchfoundtheseatemperaturesrecordedintheMediterraneanovertheperiod2015-2019werethehighestsincetherecordingbeganin1982.

Muchoftheresearchonoceanheatwavesfindsthattheyaffectcertainhabitatsparticularlystrongly，includingcoralreefs，seagrassandseaweed.Oceanheatwaveswerefoundtoberesponsibleforthelossofupto80%ofthepopulationofsomeMediterraneanspeciesbetween2015and2019.

Amassdeatheventisasingle，terribleincidentthatrapidlydestroyslargenumbersofaspecies.Overtwo-thirdsofthedeathsofoceancreaturesoccurringonthehardseafloorwereinthewaterswithadepthofonly0-25meters，whicharesubjecttoparticularlyintensewarmingandarehometosomeofthemostbiodiverseecosystemsintheMediterranean.

Foundationspeciesarecriticalinstructuringanecosystem.Theyactasnurserygrounds，provideprotectionagainstenemies，andserveasafoodsource.Foundationspeciesarethekeytosustainingbiodiversity，andtheirlosswillhaveimpactsonotherspecies.Asfoundationspecies，thelossofcorals，seagrassandseaweedisparticularlyconcerning.

Additionally，oceanheatwavesoftenresultindisplacement（被迫迁徙）.EvidencesuggeststhattheexceptionaltemperaturesseenacrosstheMediterraneanthissummermaybedrivingextensivemassdisplacement.InGreece，scientistshaveobservedahugeincreaseofinvasive（入侵的）speciesfromwarmerwaters.Thisincludesthelionfishandsilver-cheekedtoadfish，bothofwhicharepoisonous，andcarrythepotentialtocauseconsiderableecologicaldamage.

Withinsomebranchesofthescientificcommunity，therecentintensityandfrequencyofoceanheatwavessuggestswehavearrivedata"climateendgame".Thisinvolvespreparationforthefullconsequencesofwidespreadoceanspeciesdeath，ifemissionsarenotcontrolled.ThelikelydamagingMediterraneanoceanheatwavesofthisyearwillonlyaddfueltosuchdiscussions.8.WhatcanweinferabouttheMediterranean？______A.Itsworseningabilitytosustainlifeisstillbeingignored.

B.Itshightemperaturesarecausingdamagetohumanlife.

C.Itsoceanlifeisincreasinglythreatenedbyclimatechange.

D.Itssurroundingsareworseningmuchfasterthanexpected.9.Wheredothedeathsofoceanlifetendtohappen？______A.Onthehardseafloorofbroadwaters.

B.Onthehardseafloorofdeepwaters.

C.Onthehardseafloorofshallowwaters.

D.Onthehardseafloorofcoldwaters.10.Whatdoweknowaboutthedisplacementofoceanlife？______A.Itisdamagingtheoceanecosystem.

B.Itisresponsibleforglobaltemperatures.

C.Itiseasilyinfluencedbyclimatechange.

D.Itisagoodwaytomaintaintheecology.11.Whatisthetextmainlyabout？______A.ThecausesofoceanheatwavesaroundtheMediterranean.

B.ThemainnaturalthreatstooceanlifeintheMediterranean.

C.TheadviceondealingwithMediterraneanoceanheatwaves.

D.TheimpactsofoceanheatwavesonlifeintheMediterranean.DArtistDavidBowiemayhavesung"IstherelifeonMars？"in1971butthedreamoffindingorplacinglivingcreaturesontheredplanetisstillalive.Oxygen，ofcourse，iscritical.Thankstoalargeleapinscientifictechnology，thereisnowamachinewhichcanproduceoxygenincertainenvironment，anditisagiantstepofMarsexploration.ScientistsarethrilledbecausetheMarsOxygenISRUExperiment（MOXIE）willhopefullymakeastronautssurviveonMars.

NASA'SPerseveranceMarsRoverisamachineofmanywonders.Attachedtotheexploringrobotisaparticularlyinnovativedevice，MOXIE.Whenstarted，thedevicetakesseveralhourstowarmup.Itthenbeginsfiltering（过滤）andpressuringairpulledfromMars'atmosphere.Theairthenundergoesanhour-longbreakdownprocessinthepartofthemachineknownastheSolidOxideElectrolyzer（SOXE）.Itbreaksairmolecules（分子）intocarbonmonoxide（一氧化碳）andoxygen.Thecollectedoxygenis，ofcourse，thebreathableelementweareallfamiliarwithhereonEarth.MOXIEproduces0.2ouncesofoxygenperhour—aboutasmuchasasmalltreedoesthroughphotosynthesis（光合作用）.

TestingMOXIE'Sperformanceunderdifferentconditionsisacriticalresearch."TheproductivityofMOXIEisunstable，"theinvestigatorJeffreyHoffman，fromtheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology，saysinastatement."TheatmosphereofMarsisfarmorechangeablethanEarth.ThedensityoftheaironMarscanvarybyafactorortwothroughtheyear，andthetemperaturecanvaryby100degrees.Oneobjectiveistoshowwecanruninallseasons."Theteamhastesteditinfall，winter，andvarioustimesofday.Theyhopetoconfirmitalsoworksinspring，aswellasatdawnandduskwhenMars'temperatureschangerapidly.

DemonstrationsofMOXIE'SsuccessofferhopethatmissionstoMarswillbemorepracticablethanpreviouslythought."TosupportahumanmissiontoMars，wehavetobringalotofstufffromEarth，likecomputersspacesuitsandhabitats."Hoffmansays."Butoxygen？Ifyoucanmakeitthere，goforityou'rewayaheadofthegame."Scientistshopeascaled-upmodelcouldarrivebeforeastronautsandbeginpreparingahabitableamountofoxygenforateamofsixastronautsarrivingmonthslater.Thekeyishowtheearlier-arrivedMOXIEworkswithouthumans.12.Whyarescientistsexcited？______A.MOXIEhelpsprepareforhumanMarsexploration.

B.MOXIEhelpsconfirmtheexistenceoflifeonMars.

C.MOXIEisexpectedtoturnMarsintoanotherEarth.

D.MOXIEisthefirstdemonstrationoftechnologyonMars.13.WhatisthefunctionofSOXE？______A.TogiveoffoxygenintoMars'atmosphere.

B.Toremoveoxygenfromairmolecules.

C.TofilterairfromMars'atmosphere.

D.TowarmupMOXI

E.14.WhatisJeffreyHoffman'sworryaboutMOXIE？______A.Itsmethodoftransportation.

B.Itsconsumptionofenergy.

C.Itstestresult.

D.ItsadaptationtoMars'atmosphere.15.WhatisthenextstepforMOXIE？______A.HowtolandMOXIEonmars.

B.HowtomakeMOXIEautomatic.

C.HowtomatchequipmentwithMOXIE.

D.HowtoincreasetheproductionofMOXI二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共12.5分）Let'staketimetothinkaboutsocialmediaweuse.Thevastamountofinformationonithasitspositives.（1）______Butthere'salwayscertaincontentonitthathastobeconsideredcarefully，suchaspostsaboutdietcultureorparenting.Awidevarietyofconflictingopinionsandharmfulbehaviorsthatgetpassedonasfactsdoharmtounknowingusers.（2）______

Theproblemwithmuchcontentaboutmentalillnessesisthatitquicklybecomesanumbersgametogainahugefollowingonsocialmediaplatforms.Thesekindsofaccountsarerisinginpopularity.（3）______

Thisratracedirectlyleadstothepromotionofunreliableandmisleadinginformationandcontentwherecreatorsexaggerate（夸大）theirownexperiencestomakeitappearasiftheyhaveamentalillnesssotheycanreceivemoreviews.（4）______Moreover，thisstartsawaveofunsuspectingcontentviewersincorrectlylabelingthemselvesasfacingmentalhealthissues.

（5）______Oneistobettereducateoneselfbeforejumpingtoanyconclusionsortakinganyactionbasedonill-informedadvice.Inthatway，peoplecanreallyreflectonwhethertheydevelopthesesymptoms（症状）becausetheyseethemonline，orwhetherthesesymptomshavealwaysbeenpartoftheirdailylife.Informationfromprofessionalsshouldbeseenfirst.Together，smartlyconsumingmediaandresponsiblycreatingcontentcanpreventmisinformationfromspreadingthroughouttheplatform.

A.Manypeopledisapproveofit.

B.Possiblesolutionsaresuggested.

C.Otherusersarequicktoproducesimilarcontent.

D.Thesamepatternpresentsitselftomentalillnesses.

E.Thosesymptomssoundlikethingsyouexperienceeveryday.

F.Somepeoplecanfindencouragementwhenengagingintheirpersonalstruggles.

G.Thistakesattentionawayfromthosewhogenuinelyspreadawarenessaboutmentalhealth.16.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G17.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G18.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G19.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G20.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G三、完形填空（本大题共15小题，共15.0分）Whenmysoncamehomewithabackpackfilledwithcertificates（证书）acknowledginghisgeniusinmath，English，history，science，andtherestofhiseighthgradeclasses，Iwas（1）______，untilanotherparent，whosesonattendedthesameschool，toldme，"Allthekids（2）______them."

Mysonisbright.However，Iknewhewasn'tgoodenoughto（3）______certificatesfromeveryclassbecausehedidn'tworkveryhard.Isharedthat（4）______withtheschool，andthey（5）______ofmycomments.Theprincipalbelieveditwas（6）______topraiseeverystudent.Hesaidkidsfearfailure—iftheygetpoorgrades，they'll（7）______learning.

Idonotagreewith（8）______studentswhohavenotworkedhardordonesomethingtosucceed.Studentsgenerallyknowwhentheyhavenotearnedanaward；（9）______，therewardbecomesmeaningless.

Ifwedonotbelieveachildcan（10）______something，whichisthemessagethatissentwhenarewardnottruly（11）______isgiven，thentheywillbelievethesame.（12）______，noprideorself-respectisgainedfromit.Meanwhile，when（13）______arelow，orevennonexistent，studentsarenotgiventheopportunitytolearnandgrow.

Givingchildrenopportunitiestosucceed，with（14）______ifnecessary，isoneofthegreatestgiftswecangiveourchildren.Forwhentheydosucceedbyworkinghard，wegivethema（15）______senseofselfandthey'llrealizethey'remorecapablethantheythought.21.

A.proud B.curious C.confused D.skeptical22.

A.know B.like C.accept D.get23.

A.issue B.receive C.seek D.require24.

A.certificate B.lesson C.opinion D.finding25.

A.disapproved B.talked C.knew D.complained26.

A.harmful B.beneficial C.impossible D.difficult27.

A.endup B.keepup C.speedup D.giveup28.

A.helping B.reminding C.rewarding D.punishing29.

A.therefore B.however C.instead D.otherwise30.

A.discover B.tolerate C.complete D.overcome31.

A.offered B.earned C.needed D.desired32.

A.Onthecontrary B.Asaresult C.Bytheway D.Inotherwords33.

A.risks B.pressures C.grades D.expectations34.

A.support B.belief C.sympathy D.interest35.

A.consistent B.negative C.positive D.realistic四、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）36.LookingatthedevelopmentofWesternpaintingoverthecenturies（1）______（be）perhapsthebestwaytounderstandWesternart.

TheMiddleAges（fromthe5thtothe15thcentury）

DuringtheMiddleAges，thepurposeofWesternartwastoteachpeopleaboutChristianity.Paintingshadreligious（2）______（theme）.Thisbegantochangeinthe13thcentury，（3）______paintingsshowedrealpeopleinarealenvironment.

TheRenaissance（fromthe14thtothe17thcentury）

Duringthisperiod，paintersbegantoadoptamorehumanisticattitudetolife.（4）______importantbreakthroughwastheuseofperspectivebyMasaccio.Some（5）______（influence）paintersbuiltonGiottoandMasaccio'sinnovationstoproducesomeofthegreatestartthatEuropehadeverseen.Anotherinnovationwastheuseofoilpaints.Thistechniquereached（6）______（it）heightwithRembrandt，whogainedareputationasamasterofshadowandlight.Insubjectmatter，theemphasis（7）______（increasing）shiftedtopeopleandtheworldaroundus.

Impressionism（late19thtoearly20thcentury）

Afterphotography（8）______（invent）inthemid-19century，ImpressionismemergedinFrance.ThenameofthisnewmovementcamefromthepaintingbyClaudeMonet.WhilemanyImpressionistspaintedscenesofnatureordailylife，othersfocused（9）______people.

ModernArt（fromthe20thcenturytotoday）

Somepainterstried（10）______（analyse）theshapeswhichexistedinthenaturalworldwithCubism.Othersgavetheirpaintingsarealisticbutdream-likequality.Stillothersturnedtoabstractart.(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)五、书面表达（本大题共2小题，共40.0分）37.假定你是李华，你得知交换生Kathy在省中学生书画大赛中荣获二等奖。请你给她写一封邮件，祝贺她获奖，内容包括：

（1）得知她获奖的消息；

（2）向她表示祝贺；

（3）希望有机会可以和她一同写生。

注意：

（1）写作词数应为80左右；

（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

DearKathy，

________

Yours，LiHua38.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

Ilovedigginginthebackgarden.Sometimes，I'ddigforpotteryandstuff，butI'vealwayswantedtofindafossil（化石）.Ilikefindingoutaboutthepast.Atschool，myfavouritesubjectishistory.I'vebeenwatchingAndy'sPrehistoricAdventuressinceIwasthree.IknewIhadagoodchanceoffindingafossil，becausemyhousewasbuiltonamuddy，limestonesubstrate（石灰岩基质），inWalsall，whichmeansmillionsofyearsago，mygardenwasn'tmygardenatall—itwasacoralreef（珊瑚礁）.

On22March，itwasasunnyday.Icamebackfromschool.IaskedDadifIcoulddiginmyfavouritespotbytheyellowbushnearourhouse，wherewehadplantedpotatoesandonions，buthetoldmenotto，becausehe'djustmovedatreethereanditwasestablishingroots.Iwenttothebackgardeninstead，takingDad'soldbrownwoodengardentools.Idugabighole，aboutafootdeep，whichdidn'ttakeverylong，whereIfoundaballofmudwithsomethingpointystickingoutthetop.Iranintothekitchenscreaming.Iwassoexcited.Iknewitwasafossil.

Atfirst，Ithoughtitmightbeadeer'stoothoragoat'sclaw.WhenDadwashedthemudoff，wesawthatithadlotsofbumpy，wavylines；weboththoughtitlookedlikeoneoftheseaanemones，fromthefishtankinhisoffice，butwithahorn（触角）.DadsentavideototheFossilFindsUKFacebookgroup.Amancallinghimselfanarchaeologist（考古学家）repliedsayingithadthemarkingsofahorncoralfromthePalaeozoicera，whichistheverybeginningsoflifeonEarth.IhadfoundoneoftheoldestfossilsinEngland.

Welookedinmybooksandonlineformoreinformation.WetypedourpostcodeintoaBritishGeologySurveysearchwhereyoucanfindoutwhatyou'restandingon—oursistheoldestsubstrateinthearea，withlotsofclayandlimestone，butit'sunusualtofindanythingsoclosetothesurface.Expertstoldusthatmyhorncorallivedbetween415millionand480millionyearsago.Thereweren'tevenproperfishorsharksthen.

注意：

（1）续写词数应为150左右；

（2）请按如下格式作答。

Beforethehorncoral，theonlyfossilsIwasfamiliarwithweresharkteeththatDadgotme.

WhenIgrowup，Iwanttobeanarchaeologist（考古学家）.

答案和解析1~3.【答案】C、B、D【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据DeathValley部分的Itmaysoundterrifying，butBeijing'scyclistsnamedthisnorthernroute"DeathValley"onaccountofthehugetombitpasses，notthenumberofon-roadaccidentsithaswitnessed.（这听起来可能很可怕，但北京的骑行者将这条北线命名为"死亡谷"，是因为它经过的巨大坟墓，而不是它目睹的交通事故数量。）可知，之所以这样命名是因为这条路线会经过巨大的坟墓。故选C项。

（2）细节理解题。根据Death

Valley部分中的Approximate

distance：100

km

loop（环线）（大约距离：100公里环线）；Tuesday/Thursday

TTT

部分中的Approximate

distance：54km

loop（大约距离：54公里环线）；The

Verse

部分中的Approximate

distance：120km

loop（大约距离：120km环线）以及Tongzhou

Grand

Canal

Forest

Park部分中的Approximate

distance：70km

loop（大约距离：70公里环路）可知，路线最短的应该是Tuesday/Thursday

TTT，其只有54公里环路。故选B项。

（3）推理判断题。根据The

Verse部分中的It's

a

bit

of

hike

to

get

there

but

well

worth

the

effort，as

you

are

rewarded

with

amazing

views

of

the

Great

Wall

upon

arrival，and

a

ride

back

that

is

mostly

downhill.（到达那里需要一点徒步旅行，但非常值得付出努力，因为您在抵达时可以欣赏到长城的壮丽景色，并且大部分是下坡的车程。）可以见到长城壮丽的景象，根据Tongzhou

Grand

Canal

Forest

Park部分中的This

park

is

the

closest

place

for

riders

to

enjoy

the

Grand

Canal

in

Beijing.The

Tongzhou

Grand

Canal

is

a

true

wonder

in

China，and

one

of

the

greatest

civil

engineering

projects

in

history.（这个公园是北京骑手最接近游览大运河的地方。通州大运河是中国真正的奇迹，也是历史上最伟大的土木工程之一。）可知，这条线路可以看到大运河，由此可知，这两条路线都可以看到历史遗迹。A．They

both

offer

a

downhill

ride.他们都提供下坡骑行；B．They

both

have

adequate

bike

lanes.他们都有足够的自行车道；C．They

both

pass

a

second-to-none

cafe.他们都经过一家最好的咖啡馆；D．They

both

offer

a

view

of

historical

sites.它们都提供了历史遗迹的景观。故选D项。

本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍的是几条可以带你进入乡村和迷人山区的骑行路线。

一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。

阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。

二、看题干，带着问题读文章。

首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。

三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。

在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。

四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。

猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。

4~7.【答案】A、C、A、B【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段Usinghigh-precision（高精确度的）visualsensors，thesystemcalculatesabird'sspeedandflightpath，andifitisonacrashpathwithaturbine，asignalissenttoshutthatturbinedown.（该系统使用高精度视觉传感器，计算出鸟的速度和飞行路线，如果它与涡轮机处于碰撞路径上，就会发送信号关闭涡轮机）可知，IdentiFlight能够在发现鸟时，停止涡轮机的运作。故选A。

（2）推理判断题。根据第三段Winning

an

award

for

its

performance

in

Australia，the

tracking

system

was

set

up

in

2018

and

was

found

to

cut

eagle

deaths

at

the

Cattle

Hill

Wind

Farm

by

more

than

four-fifths.（该跟踪系统于2018年建立，在澳大利亚因其表现而获奖，并被发现将Cattle

Hill

Wind

Farm的鹰死亡人数减少了五分之四以上）和Each

day

signals

have

shut

down

their

movements

an

average

of

400

times—across

the

field

of

48

turbines—

for

2

to

3

minutes

each

time.（每天，信号在48台涡轮机中平均关闭400次，每次关闭2到3分钟）可知，通过这些具体的数据，人们可以看到IdentiFlight系统非常有效地减少了涡轮机对鸟类的威胁和伤害。故选C。

（3）推理判断题。根据第四段In

2014，IdentiFlight's

maker，Boulder

Imaging，used

Top

of

the

World

for

testing

after

eagles

were

killed

by

the

turbines，which

left

Duke

Energy

in

violation

（违反）

of

the

Migratory

Bird

Treaty

Act.（2014年，IdentiFlight的制造商Boulder

Imaging利用Top

of

the

World在老鹰被涡轮机杀死后进行了测试，这使得Duke

Energy违反了《候鸟条约法案》）可知，Duke

Energy和Boulder

Imaging在2014年合作是因为Duke

Energy违反了《候鸟条约法案》。故选A。

（4）观点态度题。根据最后一段Garry

George所说的话中IdentiFlight

will

make

it

possible

to

fight

the

worst

effects

of

climate

change

and

protect

the

birds

we

love

in

the

process.（IdentiFlight将使对抗气候变化的最坏影响成为可能，并在此过程中保护我们喜爱的鸟类）可知，他对IdentiFlight是持支持态度的。A．Reserved.保留的；B．Approving.同意的，支持的；C．Uncertain.不确定的；D．Unconcerned.不关心的。故选B。

本文是篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种基于摄像头和人工智能的技术，可以识别老鹰和其他鸟类，以减少风力发电的涡轮机对它们造成的威胁。

一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。

阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。

二、看题干，带着问题读文章。

首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。

三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。

在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。

四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。

猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。

我们在做完形填空时，首先需要快速的浏览全文，把握文章的主旨大意；其次要学会带着问题到文中相应的地方，通过细节阅读来寻找或概括答案；最后理清作者的写作思路也非常重要；做此类题时，要多注意一些形容词或动词的搭配，在平时多积累一些固定搭配。

8~11.【答案】C、C、A、D【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据第二段中Oceanheatwaveswerefoundtoberesponsibleforthelossofupto80%ofthepopulationofsomeMediterraneanspeciesbetween2015and2019.（人们发现2015到2019年间海洋暖流导致了至多80%某些地中海物种数量的消失）可知，气候变化、海水变暖（气候变化）给地中海生物种群造成了日益严重的威胁，与C选项描述相符。故选C项。

（2）细节理解题。根据第三段中Over

two-thirds

of

the

deaths

of

ocean

creatures

occurring

on

the

hard

sea

floor

were

in

the

waters

with

a

depth

of

only

0-25

meters，which

are

subject

to

particularly

intense

warming

and

are

home

to

some

of

the

most

biodiverse

ecosystems

in

the

Mediterranean.（发生在硬海底上超过三分之二的海洋生物死亡都仅位于0到25米的深度，这些区域受到海水显著变暖的影响，而且是地中海最具生物多样性的生态系统所在之处）可知，海洋生物死亡主要发生在硬海底上的浅水区域。故选C项。

（3）细节理解题。根据第五段中This

includes

the

lionfish

and

silver-cheeked

toadfish，both

of

which

are

poisonous，and

carry

the

potential

to

cause

considerable

ecological

damage.（这包括狮子鱼和棕斑兔头鲀，两者都是有毒的，且有可能造成严重的生态破坏）可知，海水变暖导致的物种迁徙可能会造成对海洋生态系统的破坏。故选A项。

（4）主旨大意题。总览全文，文章在首段指出海洋对地球生态的重要性，并引入研究记录表明地中海温度显著上升，然后从多方面阐述了海水变暖会造成的严重后果，D选项"地中海热浪对生物的影响"符合文章主旨。A．The

causes

of

ocean

heatwaves

around

the

Mediterranean.地中海周围海洋热浪的成因；B．The

main

natural

threats

to

ocean

life

in

the

Mediterranean.地中海海洋生物面临的主要自然威胁；C．The

advice

on

dealing

with

Mediterranean

ocean

heatwaves.应对地中海热浪的建议；D．The

impacts

of

ocean

heatwaves

on

life

in

the

Mediterranean.海洋热浪对地中海生物的影响。故选D项。

这是一篇说明文。文章指出海洋对地球生态系统无比重要，但一项对地中海温度的研究记录显示近年来海洋温度显著升高，这将会对生态系统产生极大影响。

一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。

阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。

二、看题干，带着问题读文章。

首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。

三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。

在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。

四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。

猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。

12~15.【答案】A、B、D、B【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据第一段ScientistsarethrilledbecausetheMarsOxygenISRUExperiment（MOXIE）willhopefullymakeastronautssurviveonMars.（科学家们非常激动，因为火星氧气ISRU实验（MOXIE）有望使宇航员在火星上生存。）可知，MOXIE有助于为人类火星探测做准备。故选A项。

（2）细节理解题。根据第二段Theairthenundergoesanhour-longbreakdownprocessinthepartofthemachineknownastheSolidOxideElectrolyzer（SOXE）.Itbreaksairmolecules（分子）intocarbonmonoxide（一氧化碳）andoxygen.（然后，空气在被称为固体氧化物电解槽（SOXE）的机器部件中经历长达一个小时的分解过程。它破坏空气分子转化为一氧化碳和氧气。）可知，SOXE的功能是去除空气分子中的氧气。故选B项。

（3）推理判断题。根据第三段Theteamhastesteditinfall，winter，andvarioustimesofday.Theyhopetoconfirmitalsoworksinspring，aswellasatdawnandduskwhenMars'temperatureschangerapidly.（该团队已经在秋季、冬季和一天中的不同时间对其进行了测试。他们希望证实它在春季以及火星温度快速变化的黎明和黄昏也能起作用。）可推知，杰弗里•霍夫曼担心的是MOXIE对火星大气的适应性。故选D项。

（4）推理判断题。根据第四段Thekeyishowtheearlier-arrivedMOXIEworkswithout