2022-2023学年甘肃省兰州市教育局第四片区高二（下）期中英语试卷-普通用卷

第=page11页，共=sectionpages11页2022-2023学年甘肃省兰州市教育局第四片区高二（下）期中英语试卷一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共37.5分）ABabysitter（保姆）Wanted

Iamseekingababysitterformy6-month-oldson．AfewhoursonSaturdaysandSundaystohelpmeandthenothertimesasneeded．Heorsheshouldbeover18，responsible，loving，warm，andhavesomeexperienceincaringforbabies．Thispositionalsosuitsacollegestudentwithexperiencelookingforapart-timejob．Thepayis﹩10anhour．

Ifthissoundslikeagoodjobtoyou，pleasereplytorebecharv@aol．comorcall800-4964．

OfficeManagerWanted

Ourcompanyislookingforafull-timeexperiencedmanagertorunthebusiness．Strongskillsinorganizationandbusinessmanagementarerequiredforthisposition．Theofficemanagerwillberesponsibleforkeepingfinancial（财务的）records，soheorsheshouldbefamiliarwithcomputers．

Pleasereplytojim@californiaaquatics．comorcall800-6978toapply．

Waiter/WaitressWanted

Arestaurantislookingforanexperiencedwaiter/waitress．Knowledgeofwinesandexperienceindiningarenecessary．Mustworkwellunderpressureandunderstandthebasics（基本要素）offinediningandcustomerservice．

Ifyou'reinterested，pleasecontactusatjob-tkupe-1329358152@craigslist．orgtoapply．

Thisisapart-timejob．

OfficeCleanerWanted

LookingforaPart-timejob？ApositionintheMississaugaareaneedsanofficecleaner!Part-time4hoursadayfrom10：00am-2：00pm．

Dutiesinclude：

●Cleaningthewashrooms

●Cleaningthefurniture

●Sweepingthefloors

●Othergeneralcleaningexperienceisnecessary．Pay：﹩15perhour

Replyto：job-p3b7u-1365632206@craigslist．orgorcall800-8197．1.Whichofthefollowingpositionisafull-timejob？______A.Babysitter． B.Officemanager．

C.Waiter/waitress． D.Officecleaner．2.Ifacollegegirlwithsomeexperiencecaringforchildrenwantstoapplyforajob，whereshouldshesendanemail？______A.job-p3b7u-1365632206@craigslist．org

B.job-tkupe-1329358152@craigslist．org

C.jim@californiaaquatics．com

D.rebecharv@aol．com3.Whichofthefollowingisnecessaryforawaiter/waitress？______A.Beingfamiliarwithcomputers． B.Havingknowledgeofwines．

C.Knowingmoreaboutmenus． D.Workingwellwithothers．BEverymanwantshissontobesomewhatofaclone,notinfeaturesbutinfootsteps.Ashegrowsyoualsoage,andyourambitionsbecomemoreunachievable.Youbegintorealizethatyourboy,inyourfootsteps,couldprobablyaccomplishwhatyouhopedfor.Butfootstepscanbemuddiedandtheycangooffindifferentdirections.

MysonJodyhashatedschoolsincedayoneinkindergarten.Scienceprojectswaiteduntilthelastmoment.Bookreportsweren'twrittenuntilthefinalthreat.

I'vebeenanewspapermanallmyadultlife.Mydaughterisauniversitygraduateworkingtowardhermaster'sdegreeinEnglish.ButJody？Whenheenteredthetenthgradehebecamea"vo-tech"student（技校学生）.They'recalled"motorheads"bytherestofthestudentbody.

Whenasecretaryinmyofficefirstcalledhim"motorhead"，Iwasshocked."Hey,he'sagoodkid,"Iwantedtosay."Andsmart,really."

Ilearnedlaterthatmotorheadsare,indeed,different.Theyusuallyhavedirtyhandsandweardirtyworkclothes.Andtheydon'toftenmakeschoolhonorrolls（光荣榜）.

Butbeingtheparentofamotorheadisitselfanexperienceineducation.Wewholaborincleanshirtsinofficesdon'thavetheabilitiesthatmotorheadshave.IbegantolearnthiswhenIhadmycarcrashed.Thecosttorepairitwasestimatedat﹩800."Hey,Icanfixit,"saidJody.Idoubtedit，butlethimgoahead,forIhadnothingtolose.

Myson,withothermotorheads,fixedthecar.Theygotparts（零件）fromajunkyard,andabilityfromvo-techclasses.Thelostwas﹩25insteadof﹩80.

Sincethatfirstrepairjob,abrokenair-conditioner,anon-functioningwasherandanon-toastingtoasterhavebeenfixed.Neighborsandco-workerstrusttheircarrepairstohim.

Thesekidsarehappiestwhendoingrepairs.Theyjokeandlaughandarelivingintheirownrelaxedworld.Andtheirmindsarebrightdespitetheirdirtyhandsandclothes.

Ihavelearnedalotfrommymotorhead：publishersneedprinters,engineersneedmechanics,andarchitectsneedbuilders.Mostimportant,Ihavelearnedthatfathersdon'tneedclonesinfootstepsoranywhereelse.

Mysonmaynevermaketheschoolhonorroll.Buthemademine.4.Whatusedtobetheauthor'shopeforhisson？______A.Toavoidbecominghisclone.

B.Toresemblehiminappearance.

C.Todevelopinadifferentdirection.

D.Toreachtheauthor'sunachievedgoals.5.Whatcanwelearnabouttheauthor'schildren？______A.Hisdaughterdoesbetterinschool.

B.Hisdaughterhasgotamaster'sdegree.

C.Hissontriedhardtofinishhomework.

D.Hissoncouldn'twritehisbookreports.6.Theauthorlethissonrepairthecarbecausehebelievedthat______.A.hissonhadtheabilitytofixit

B.itwouldsavehimmuchtime

C.itwouldn'tcausehimanymoreloss

D.othermotorheadswouldcometohelp7.Intheauthor'seyes,motorheadsare______.A.tidyandhardworking B.cheerfulandsmart

C.lazybutbright D.relaxedbutrudeC"Whydopeopleenjoysayingthattheyarebadatmath？"wondersPetraBonfert，aprofessorofengineeringatDartmouthCollege.Afterseeingtoomanyexamplesofadults"passingonmathematicalanxietylikeavirus，"Bonferthasanimportantmessageformath-phobicparentsandeducators："Wearepassingonfromgenerationtogenerationthefearformathematics."

Manypeopleholdtheviewthatmathisinherentlyhard，andonlypeoplewithaninbornmathematicalabilitycanunderstandit.Whilewell-meaningadultsmaythinkthey'reencouragingkidsbysharingtheirownmathfears，researchhasshowntheopposite.Researchhasfoundthattheproblemisparticularlysignificantforgirls，who"areespeciallyaffectedwhenateacherpubliclyannouncesmathhatredbeforeshepicksupthechalk."Moreover，astudypublishedrecentlyreportedthatfemalemathematicalachievementwasdiminishedinresponsetoafemaleteacher'smathematicalanxiety.Theeffectwascorrelated：thehigherateacher'sanxiety，thelowerthescores."

Parents'anxietyaboutmathcanhaveasimilareffectonkids'achievementandtheirattitudetowardthesubject.Childrenwhoreceivedmathhomeworkhelpfrommathematicallyfearfulparentsshowedweakermathachievementsthantheirpeers，whichinturnresultedinincreasedmathanxietyforthechildrenthemselves.Newresearchonmathanxietyconfirmsthattheseparentsunintentionallyteachkidstoexpectthatmathwillbebeyondtheircapabilities.

Fortunately，SianBeilock，acognitivescientistofBarnardCollege，hasfoundasurprisinglyeasywayforparentstostoppassingonmathanxietyandbuildtheirchildren'smathconfidence.Themostimportantfindingistheimportanceofnormalizingmathathomeinawaythat'srelaxingandplayful：fromusingmath-themedbooksandstories，playingwithmathgamesandtoystocookingtogether.Hearguesthatweneedtoteachkidsthat"workingonmathematicalskillsisnotunlikepracticingasport.Neithercanbelearnedbywatchingothersperformtheactivityandbothrequireencouragementandeffort.Youdonotneedaninbornmathematicalabilityinordertosolvemathematicalproblems.Rather，whatisrequiredisperseverance，awillingnesstotakerisksandfeelingsafetomakemistakes.8.Whydosomepeoplesharetheirmathfearwithkids？______A.Toexpectkidstolearnfromtheirmistake.

B.Toproveonlygeniusescanlearnitwell.

C.Togiveencouragementtotheirkids.

D.Tostresstheimportanceofgeneticfactors.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"diminished"mean？______A.Decreased. B.Measured. C.Improved. D.Influenced.10.Whatcanbelearnedfromthelastparagraph？______A.Normalizingmathsathomeisrelaxingandfulloffun.

B.Havinganinbornmathabilityisessentialtochildren.

C.Developingmathematicalskillsdiffersfromdoingasport.

D.Encouragementandeffortshelpleadtomathlearningsuccess.11.What'sthemainideaofthetext？______A.Math-phobicadultsaretoblameformathfailure.

B.Mathanxietyisnothingtobeafraidofatall.

C.Parentsandteacherspassonmathfeartokids.

D.Risksandmistakesarewhatsuccesstakes.DTianwenIisChina'sfirstMarsprobe（火星探测器）.Wheredoesthenamecomefrom？DoyoustillrememberQuYuan，afamouspoetinancientChina？Helovedhismotherlandverymuch.Hislongpoem"HeavenlyQuestions（天问）"expressesthecontinualhardworkandthegreatspiritoftheChinesenationtoscience.ThatiswhyTianwenIwasofficiallynamed，whichisquiteculturalandbeautiful.

OnJuly14，2020.TianwenIarrivedattheWenchangSpaceLaunchSite（发射站）inHainanProvince.ThespaceprobeTianwenIbasedoff（发射升空）at12：41p.m.onJuly23，2020，carryingaLongMarch5carrierrocket（长征5号运载火箭）.IttookTianwenIaboutsevenmonthstotraveltoMars.

TheChina'sMarsrover（火星车），Zhurongmovedfromitslandingplatform（平台）ontothesurfaceoftheRedPlanetat10：40a.m.onMay15th，2021，startingitsexploration（探险旅程）aroundthelandingsite.

The240-kilogramrobotwassentintotheskytosurveyMars'landforms，geographysituation，andsomethingaboutwater，ice，environmentandotherphysicalfields.

BeforeTianwenI，nocountryhadevertriedtosendanorbiter（运行器），alanderandaroverinonesingleexpedition（考察）toMars.12.WhywasthefirstMarsprobeheregiventhename，TianwenI？______A.BecauseofabookwrittenbyLiBai.

B.BecauseofapoemwrittenbyQuYuan.

C.Becauseofafamousscientist.

D.Becauseofawell-knownengineer.13.WhenwasTianwenIsentintothespace？______A.OnJune23，2020. B.OnJune24，2020

C.OnJuly23，2020. D.OnJuly24，2020.14.HowlongdidittakeTianwenItotraveltoMars？______A.About3months. B.About5months. C.About7months D.About9months.15.WhatdoestheMarsrover，ZhurongsurveyonMars？______A.Landformsandgeographysituation.

B.Somethingaboutwater，iceandenvironment.

C.Otherphysicalfields.

D.Alloftheabove.二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共12.5分）HowtoMotivateTeenstoReadWithlotsofstudiesshowingthebenefitsofreading，howcanteachersmotivatetheirstudentstoopenagoodbookorpoweruptheire-readers？

LeadbyExample

Requirestudentstospendatleast20minutesinindependentreadingeveryday.

（1）______，teachersshowthattheyconsiderreadingveryimportant.Therefore，theyalwaysfindtimetoreadeventhoughtheyareterriblybusy.

FreedomtoChoose

（2）______.Forthosewhoforgettheirbooks，providethemwithaccesstonovels，magazinesornewspapersduringrequiredreadingtime.Considerallowingstudentstousetheirpersonale-readers.

ShareYourExcitement

Teachers'excitementforaparticularbookmayhaveahugeinfluenceontheirstudents.Givestudentsatasteofwhatthebookisabout.（3）______，suggestyourfavorite.

VisittheLibrary

Maketimetovisittheschoollibraryandrequirestudentstoborrowatleastonebookofinterest.（4）______.Bydoingso，theycanmakesurethebookfitstheirinterests.

StayInformed

Teacherscanhelpmotivatestudentsbyfindingoutthelatestpopularyoungadultreadingmatter，suchas"TheHungerGames"bySuzanneCollinsandthe"Uglies"byScottWesterfeld.

Withvariedactivitiescompetingforstudents'timeandattention，itcanbedifficulttoencourageyoungsterstoread.（5）______.

Teacherswhomakeindependentreadingadailypartoftheclassroomexperienceandfindcreativewaystomotivatetheirstudentsmaybeonthewaytowritingasuccessstory.

A.Theycanreadbooksinsilence

B.Thenwhenitcomestimeforthemtochooseanewbook

C.Thereissciencefictionthattheyareinterestedin

D.Encouragethemtospendsometimereadingthebookbeforeborrowing

E.However，thereislittledoubtthatreadingcanhelpwithstudents'studies

F.Bytakingpartinthisregularactivitythemselves

G.Allowstudentstopicktheirownliterature，aslongasitissuitableforschoolreading16.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G17.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G18.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G19.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G20.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G三、完形填空（本大题共15小题，共15.0分）MyheartwaspoundingasIclimbedontotheschoolbusonthefirstdayofmiddleschool.I(21)mybackpackasIlookedforaplacetosit.Myeyes(22)ontwogirlssittingnexttoeachother.Theysmiledatmeand(23)theseatnexttotheirs.

"Hey!"theblondsaid."MynameisHeather.What'syours？"

"Rachel..."Isaidnervously.NormallyI'mnot(24)，butIbarelyknewanyoneandwasanxioustomakenewfriends.

"Nicetomeetyou,"saidthebrunette（深褐色头发的女子）。"Myname'sJessica."

Isatdownontheseatand(25)thegirls.IlookedatmyConverseAllStarsandfrowned.

Whyhadn'tIwornmorestylishshoes？

Itturnedoutwehadfirstperiodtogetherandwebecamefriends.Butourfriendshipwasn'twithoutits(26)JessicamadeHeatherandmelaugh.Shewasvery(27)andwe'dgotoherformake-upandclothingadvice.(28)shehadan"I'm-the-boss"personalitythatdemandedattention.Shealwayshadtobe(29).Oncethethreeofuswenttothemall.IendedupspendingfiftydollarsonaskirtthatIdidn'teven(30)，justtomakeJessicahappy.

Astimewenton,IfoundIwasbehavingasapretend(31)ofmyselfjusttopleaseJessicaandtokeepherfrombeingmadatme.She(32)IwasdifferentwhenIwasaroundotherpeople,whenintruthIwasbeingmyself.Iwasalwaysafraidshe'dgetmadatmeforsayingsomethingthatIwouldn't(33)thinktwiceabout.

Isometimes(34)whatrealfriendsshouldbelike.Shouldn'ttheybethereforyouthroughthetoughesttimes？Shouldn'tthey(35)whoyouareandencourageyoutobeyourself,ratherthanaskingyoutobewhotheywantyoutobejusttopleasethem？21.

A.threw B.dropped C.adjusted D.opened22.

A.landed B.took C.spied D.built23.

A.occupied B.patted C.reserved D.abandoned24.

A.noisy B.shy C.ignorant D.elegant25.

A.cornered B.addressed C.encountered D.faced26.

A.faults B.causes C.surprises D.benefits27.

A.innocent B.ambitious C.fashionable D.generous28.

A.So B.Or C.And D.But29.

A.onbusiness B.incharge C.atwork D.underpressure30.

A.know B.mention C.like D.smooth31.

A.session B.conversation C.production D.version32.

A.complained B.remembered C.ensured D.anticipated33.

A.suddenly B.normally C.desperately D.guiltily34.

A.wonder B.doubt C.blame D.predict35.

A.imagine B.describe C.respect D.evaluate四、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）36.WhenIenteredseniorhighschool，Ibegantotakeagreatinterestinpoems.Someclassmatesmadefunofme.（1）______，Idevotedallmyfreetimetolearningtowritepoems.Oneday，Ipresentedoneofmypoemstomyteacher，（2）______opinionIwantedaboutwhetherornotthepoemwasanygood.Whilehewasscanningthelines，Iwaitedinanxiety，wondering（3）______hewouldsayaboutit.Buthesaiditwaswonderfulanddeserved（4）______（publish）.

Wantingtotrymyluck，Ipostedmypoemtoanewspaperwithout（5）______（hesitate）.AfterIwaitedmorethanamonth，itwasmyassumptionthatmypoem（6）______（reject）.thenalettercameinformingme（7）______theacceptanceofmypoem.theyevenwantedmetobroadcast（8）______ontheradio.Ihadmadeit.

AlthoughIamnot（9）______（essential）asuccessfulpoetnow，thisexperiencehasleft（10）______incredibleimpressiononme.(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)五、书面表达（本大题共2小题，共40.0分）37.假定你是李华，你从报纸上得知中老年英语培训机构Mid.SeniorESCH面向高中毕业生招聘一名暑期兼职辅导员，你很感兴趣。请给该机构写一封求职信。

要点如下：

（1）表明写信目的；

（2）陈述个人优势；

（3）表明能做的事情

注意；词数100左右，可适当增加一些细节以使行文更加连贯。

DearSir/Madam，

_______________________________

Yourssincerely，LiHua38.Catherinewasthecoolestkidinherclass.Whenevershewent,shewasinthespotlight,withabunchofkidsfollowingheranddoingeverythingshedid.

Herdeskmate,Landy,however,wasnotinthecoolkids'group.Beingthetallestkidinherclass,shewasteasedbyherclassmates,whowerealwayschanting"Landy,Landy,longasspaghetti（意大利面）".EverytimeLandyheardthosesillychants,shecouldfeelherfaceburstintoflames.Godknewhowshewishedthegroundtocrackandswallowher!

Catherinedidn'treallylikeitwhenthekidschanted"Landy,Landy,longasspaghetti".Butshenevertoldthemtostopeither,andnordidsheevertalktoher.Shelikedbeingpopular.

Oneweekend,CatherinewentovertohergrandfatherforThanksgiving.Hergrandfatherlivesonafarmattheoppositeendoftown,wherehekeepschickens.Whilehelpingtofeedthechickens,Catherinenoticedapeculiarone.Curlinginthecorner,itlookedsmallerthantheothersandwasalmosthalf-bare!

"What'sthematterwithit？"Sheaskedhergrandfather,withapuzzledfrownonherface.Hergrandfathertoldherhowchickenscouldact."Theyhaveapecking（啄）order,"heexplained,wrinklesofconcernspreadingaroundhisforehead."Ifonechickenisdifferent,theotherswillpushitawayandkeeppeckingit.Sometimestheypeckitsomuchthatitdies."

"Oh,whatapoorlittlething!"Catherineletoutasighasshescoopedthefrightenedchickenupinherarms,whoseheartwasbeatingfastinthebonylittlebody.Suddenly,shethoughtofLandy,thegirlbeing"pecked"byherclassmates."I'mgoingtotakeithomeandtakegoodcareofit,"shesaidwithadeterminedlook.

Backinschool,Catherinetoldthecoolkidsaboutthechicken."It'slookinghealthy,"shesaidproudly."It'sfatteranditsfeathersaregrowing.Eventhecatlikesit.Shecarriesitaroundthegarden,and..."EveryonewasentertainedbyCatherine'sstoryofherlovelychicken,laughterlingeringaroundtheclassroom.

注意：

1.续写词数应为150左右；

2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

ThenCatherinespottedLandysittingbyherselfinacorner.

ButCatherinewalkeddirectlytowardLandy,regardlessofwhattheysaid.

答案和解析1~3.【答案】B、D、B【解析】BDB

略

略

4~7.【答案】D、A、C、B【解析】（1）D．细节理解题。根据第一段Youbegintorealizethatyourboy,inyourfootsteps,couldaccomplishwhatyouhopedfor.你开始意识到，在你的足迹中，你的孩子能够实现你的期望。可知，每个男人都希望自己的儿子走自己的路，能够完成他所希望的或者自己未能实现的目标。所以作者希望儿子完成他没有实现的目标。故选D。

（2）A．推理判断题。根据第三段Mydaughterisauniversitygraduateworkingtowardhermaster'sdegreeinEnglish,我女儿是大学毕业生，正在攻读英语硕士学位。可知，作者的女儿大学毕业，而且正在攻读硕士学位，而他的儿子却成为一个技校学生，所以作者的女儿在学校的表现更好。故选A。

（3）C．细节理解题。根据第六段Idoubtedit,butlethimgoahead,forIhadnothingtolose.（我怀疑他的能力，但还是让他去试试吧，因为我没有什么可损失的）可知，作者让儿子修车，因为他觉得这不会给他带来损失。故选C。

（4）B．推理判断题。根据倒数第三段的Thesekidsarehappiestwhendoingrepairs.Theyjokeandlaughandarelivingintheirownrelaxedworld.Andtheirmindsarebrightdespitetheirdirtyhandsandclothes.这些孩子在做维修时最开心。他们开玩笑，笑着生活在自己轻松的世界里。尽管他们的手和衣服很脏，但他们的头脑很聪明。可知，作者认为他们是开朗和聪明的，故选B。

这是一篇记叙文，主要讲述的是作者希望自己的儿子完成他没有实现的目标。但是儿子学习成绩不理想，只上了技校。但是儿子和同学帮助作者修车的经历，改变了作者的初衷。

阅读理解解题步骤：首先对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意。因为阅读理解题一般没有标题，所以，速读全文，抓住中心主旨很有必要，在速读的过程中，应尽可能多地捕获信息材料。

其次，细读题材，各个击破。掌握全文的大意之后，细细阅读每篇材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息。

要善于抓住每段的主题句，阅读时，要有较强的针对性。对于捕获到的信息，要做认真分析，仔细推敲，理解透彻，只有这样，针对题目要求，才能做到稳、准。

8~11.【答案】C、A、D、C【解析】（1）C.细节理解题。根据第二段中Whilewell-meaningadultsmaythinkthey'reencouragingkidsbysharingtheirownmathfears，researchhasshowntheopposite.（虽然善意的成年人可能认为，他们分享自己对数学的恐惧是在鼓励孩子，但研究表明，事实恰恰相反。）可知，有些人会和孩子们分享他们对数学的恐惧是为了鼓励他们的孩子。故选C。

（2）A.词句猜测题。根据划线词上文astudypublishedrecentlyreportedthatfemalemathematicalachievementwas以及后文inresponsetoafemaleteacher'smathematicalanxiety.Theeffectwascorrelated：thehigherateacher'sanxiety，thelowerthescores.可知，这种影响是相关的：老师越焦虑，分数就越低，所以可以得知最近发表的一项研究报告称，女教师的数学焦虑会降低女性的数学成绩。故划线词意思是"降低"。A.Decreased.减少，降低；B.Measured.测量；C.Improved.改善；D.Influenced.影响。故选A。

（3）D.细节理解题。根据最后一段中Neithercanbelearnedbywatchingothersperformtheactivityandbothrequireencouragementandeffort.（这两种方法都不能通过观看别人的表演来学习，都需要鼓励和努力。）可知，鼓励和努力有助于数学学习的成功。故选D。

（4）C.主旨大意题。根据第一段中Afterseeingtoomanyexamplesofadults"passingonmathematicalanxietylikeavirus，"Bonferthasanimportantmessageformath-phobicparentsandeducators："Wearepassingonfromgenerationtogenerationthefearformathematics."（在看到太多成年人"将数学焦虑像病毒一样传播"的例子后，邦弗特向患有数学恐惧症的父母和教育者传达了一条重要信息："我们正在将对数学的恐惧一代一代地传递下去。"）以及最后一段中Fortunately，SianBeilock，acognitivescientistofBarnardCollege，hasfoundasurprisinglyeasywayforparentstostoppassingonmathanxietyandbuildtheirchildren'smathconfidence.（幸运的是，巴纳德学院的认知科学家SianBeilock发现了一种非常简单的方法，可以让父母停止传递数学焦虑，并帮助孩子建立数学自信。）结合文章主要说明了虽然善意的成年人可能认为，他们分享自己对数学的恐惧是在鼓励孩子，但研究表明，事实恰恰相反。研究指出父母或者老师对数学的焦虑可能会对孩子的成绩和他们对数学的态度产生类似的影响。可知，文章的主旨是父母和老师把对数学的恐惧传递给孩子。故选C。

本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了虽然善意的成年人可能认为，他们分享自己对数学的恐惧是在鼓励孩子，但研究表明，事实恰恰相反。研究指出父母或者老师对数学的焦虑可能会对孩子的成绩和他们对数学的态度产生类似的影响。

做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。

12~15.【答案】B、C、C、D【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段Where

does

the

name

come

from？Do

you

still

remember

Qu

Yuan，afamous

poet

in

ancient

China？He

loved

his

motherland

very

much.His

long

poem

"HeavenlyQuestions

（天问）"expresses

the

continual

hard

work

and

the

great

spirit

of

the

Chinese

nationto

science."（"这个名字是从哪里来的？你还记得屈原吗中国古代著名诗人？他非常爱他的祖国。他的长诗《天问》表达了中华民族持续的辛勤劳动和伟大的精神科学）可知，"天问"这个名字来自屈原的长诗《天问》，故选B。

（2）细节理解题。根据第二段The

space

probe

Tianwen

I

based

off（发射升空）at12：41

p.m.on

July

23，2020，carrying

a

Long

March

5

carrier

rocket（长征5号运载火箭）（2020年7月23日下午12点41分，"天问一号"太空探测器搭载长征五号运载火箭升空）可知，2020年7月23日12时41分，航天探测器"天问一号"搭载长征五号运载火箭升空。故选C。

（3）细节理解题。根据第二段It

took

TianwenI

about

seven

months

to

travel

to

Mars.（天问一号花了大约七个月的时间去火星旅行）可知，天问一号花了7个月的时间到达火星。故选C。

（4）细节理解题。根据倒数第二段The

240-kilogram

robot

was

sent

into

the

sky

to

survey

Mars'

landforms，geography

situation，and

something

about

water，ice，environment

and

other

physical

fields.（这台240公斤重的机器人被送入天空，调查火星的地貌、地理状况，以及水、冰、环境和其他物理领域。）可知，它被用来调查火星的地形、地理状况，以及水、冰、环境和其他物理领域。故选D。

本文是一篇科技说明文。主要介绍了中国首个火星探测器"天问一号"命名的起源，发射的时间，此行的目的等相关信息。

做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。

16~20.【答案】F、G、B、D、E【解析】（1）推理判断题。上文Requirestudentstospendatleast20minutesinindependentreadingeveryday.（要求学生每天至少花20分钟进行独立阅读。）提到了教师要求学生每天至少花20分钟进行独立阅读，这是一个规律的行为；由下文teachersshowthattheyconsiderreadingveryimportant.Therefore，theyalwaysfindtimetoreadeventhoughtheyareterriblybusy.（教师表示他们认为阅读很重要。因此，即使他们非常忙，他们也总能找到时间阅读。）可知教师们每天再忙也会抽出时间阅读，这是教师自己的日常习惯；选项F选项Bytakingpartinthisregularactivitythemselves（通过他们亲自参加这种有规律的活动）承接了上文所述的有规律的行为，提出了教师要亲自参与这种有规律的阅读活动，引出了下文教师对于他们日常实际上存在阅读习惯的阐述，与本段标题"LeadbyExample（以身作则）"相吻合；故选F项。

（2）推理判断题。由标题FreedomtoChoose（自由选择），可知本段讲述与自由选择相关的内容；下文Forthosewhoforgettheirbooks，providethemwithaccesstonovels，magazinesornewspapersduringrequiredreadingtime.Considerallowingstudentstousetheirpersonale-readers.（对于那些忘记书本的人，在规定的阅读时间内为他们提供阅读小说、杂志或报纸的机会。考虑允许学生使用他们的个人电子阅读器。）讲述了为学生的阅读提供便利机会的方式；选项G选项Allowstudentstopicktheirownliterature，aslongasitissuitableforschoolreading（让学生自己挑选文学作品，只要适合学校阅读。）讲述的正是让学生自由选择喜欢的文学作品，只要适合在学习阅读，与本段标题相吻合，同时引出了下文对于具体为方便学生自由选择文学作品而采取的方法的阐述；故选G项。

（3）推理判断题。上文Teachers'excitementforaparticularbookmayhaveahugeinfluenceontheirstudents.Givestudentsatasteofwhatthebookisabout.（某一特定的书能引起老师的兴奋可能会对他们的学生产生巨大的影响。让学生体验一下这本书的内容。）提到了教师可以让学生体验一下自己所感兴趣的书本的内容；下文suggestyourfavorite（推荐你所喜欢的。）提到了推荐自己所喜欢的，推知空处所述内容是在某个特定的时候；选项B选项Thenwhenitcomestimeforthemtochooseanewbook（然后当他们选择一本新书的时候。）讲述的正是在学生选择新书这个特定的时候，与下文相连接，引出下文对于这个特定时候给予推荐的这种方式的阐述，同时承接了上文；故选B项。

（4）推理判断题。上文Maketimetovisittheschoollibraryandrequirestudentstoborrowatleastonebookofinterest.（抽出时间参观学校图书馆，并要求学生至少借一本感兴趣的书。）提到了要求学生去图书馆借书；下文Bydoingso，theycanmakesurethebookfitstheirinterests.（通过这样做，他们可以确保这本书符合他们的兴趣。）也是在讲述借书的相关内容；选项D选项Encouragethemtospendsometimereadingthebookbeforeborrowing（鼓励他们在借阅之前花一些时间阅读这本书。）承接了上文所述的让学生去图书馆借书的内容，同时与上下文构成逻辑关系，即鼓励他们在借阅之前花一些时间阅读这本书，通过这样做，他们可以确保这本书符合他们的兴趣，然后才去借；故选D项。

（5）推理判断题。上文Withvariedactivitiescompetingforstudents'timeandattention，itcanbedifficulttoencourageyoungsterstoread（由于各种活动争夺学生的时间和注意力，因此很难鼓励年轻人阅读。）讲述了由于学生平时要参加各种活动可能没有时间和经历来阅读；下文Teacherswhomakeindependentreadingadailypartoftheclassroomexperienceandfindcreativewaystomotivatetheirstudentsmaybeonthewaytowritingasuccessstory.（那些将独立阅读作为日常课堂体验的一部分，并找到创造性方法激励学生的教师，可能正走在写成功故事的道路上。）提到了如果教师找到创造性的方法来激励学生去阅读，那这个教师是成功的，其实就在强调阅读对于学生的重要性；选项E选项However，thereislittledoubtthatreadingcanhelpwithstudents'studies（然而，毫无疑问，阅读可以帮助学生学习。）与上文构成转折，意在表明虽然由于各种活动让学生没有时间和精力阅读，但是毫无疑问，阅读是可以帮助学生学习的，即阅读对于学生是有用的重要的，与下文内容主旨相符，都在强调阅读对于学生的重要性；故选E项。

这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了教师如何去激励青少年阅读的几个方法。

关于选句填空的做题步骤：

步骤一：快速浏览一遍备选答案，先确定哪个选项适合放在文章的什么位置。通常在以下位置：标题，句首，句中，句尾。不同位置的句子有不同的特征。

步骤二：快速浏览文章，确定文章体裁，抓住文章结构。

步骤三：分析篇章结构，找出各段的主题句或主旨大意。

步骤四：注意各选项中出现的句子衔接手段，寻找句中衔接标志词。

步骤五：区分相似项。

21~35.【答案】C、A、B、B、D、A、C、D、B、C、D、A、B、A、C【解析】（1）C.考查动词及语境理解。A.threw扔；B.dropped下降；C.adjusted调整；D.opened打开。句意：当我在寻找座位坐的时候，我调整了一下我的书包。根据前文"MyheartwaspoundingasIclimbedontotheschoolbusonthefirstdayofmiddleschool."可知，作者是在匆忙中奔向公交车的，所以上车之后，调整了一下肩上的书包。故选C。

（2）A.考查动词短语及语境理解。A.landedon降落于；B.tookon承担，呈现；C.spiedon暗中监视；D.builton依赖，依靠。句意：我的目光降落在两个挨着坐的女孩身上。根据后文"Theysmiledatmeand（3）____theseatnexttotheirs."可知，我的目光落在坐着的两个女孩身上，看向她们时，她们也朝我微笑。故选A。

（3）B.考查动词及语境理解。A.occupied占据；B.patted轻拍；C.reserved预定；D.abandoned拋弃。句意：她们朝我微笑，并拍着自己身旁的空座位。根据后文"1satdownontheseatand（5）____thegirls."可知，这两个女孩拍了拍身旁的座位，示意让我坐在她们旁边。故选B。

（4）B.考查形容词及语境理解。A.noisy喧闹的；B.shy害羞的；C.ignorant无知的；D.elegant优雅的。句意：平常我是不会害羞的，但是现在我几乎不认识任何人，而且也不敢结交新的朋友。根据句子中but的转折意义可知，作者这里想要表达的是虽然在当时她说话紧张，那是因为她一个人都不认识，其实在正常情况下，自己是不会害羞紧张的。故选B。

（5）D.考查动词及语境理解。A.cornered（sb.）缠着某人；B.addressed（sb.）.对某人讲话；C.encountered（sb.）遇到某人；D.faced（sb.）面对着某人。句意：我坐在座位上，面对着这两个女孩。根据后文"IlookedatmyConverseAllStarsandfrowned.Whyhadn'tIwornmorestylishshoes              ？"可知，作者面对着这两个女孩，打量了她们的装扮，于是开始埋怨自己穿的鞋不够流行。故选D。

（6）A.考查名词及语境理解。A.faults错误，缺点；B.causes原因；C.surprises惊喜；D.benefits好处。句意：但是我们的友谊并不是没有缺陷。根据下文作者讲述在与Jessica相处的过程中感受到她性格的强势以及一些不悦的心情体验可知，她们之间的友谊也是不完美有缺陷的。故选A。

（7）C.考查形容词及语境理解。A.innocent无辜的；B.ambitious有雄心抱负的；C.fashionable时尚的；D.generous慷慨的。句意：她非常时尚，我们两个会采纳她的化妆和穿搭建议。根据"andwe'dgotoherformake-upandclothingadvice."可知，因为Jessica是个很懂时尚的女孩，所以我们两个才会听取她在这方面的建议。故选C。

（8）D.考查连词及语境理解。A.So所以；B.Or或者；C.And和，并且；D.But但是。句意：但是她是一个"我做主"的性格而且带着严格要求的目光审视一切。根据后文"Oncethethreeofuswenttothemall.IendedupspendingfiftydollarsonaskirtthatIdidn'teven（10）____justtomakeJessicahappy."可知，这里是通过转折意义来表达Jessica性格中的强势。故选D。

（9）B.考查介词短语及语境理解。A.onbusiness出差；B.incharge负责，主管；C.atwork在工作；D.underpressure处于压力下。句意：她总是要掌控一切。根据后文作者与Jessica一起逛商场，为了让她开心，买了一件自己并不喜欢的衣服的这个经历可知，Jessica喜欢主管一切，要求别人按照自己的意愿做事，满足自己的喜好。故选B。

（10）C.考查动词及语境理解。A.know知道；B.mention提及；C.like喜欢；D.smooth使光滑。句意：最后我花了50美元买了一件我自己并不喜欢的裙子，只是为了让Jessica高兴。根据设空后的"justtomakeJessicahappy."可知，作者买了这条裙子并不是因为自己喜欢，只是