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第=page11页,共=sectionpages11页2023年四川省成都市重点中学高考英语模拟试卷一、阅读理解(本大题共15小题,共30.0分)AHaveyoueverbeentoLondon?Hereissomehotelinformationforyou.
KingswayHallHotel
Weofferqualityservice(优质服务)inKingswayHallHotel.Thislocationputsguestsineasyreachofmanyplaces,suchastheBritishMuseumandPiccadillyCircus.OurhotelalsohasmodernWesternfood,andoffersaperfectdiningenvironment.Theloungebarisacomfortableplacetoenjoyadrink.Therearehundredsofdiningchoiceswithinwalkingdistance.Non-smokingroomsarereadyforguests.
HiltonDocklandsRiverside
LocatedonthebankoftheThames,ourhotelisabouttwomileseastofTowerBridgeand36milesfromLondonHeathrowAirport.Ourhotelhasabeautysalon,aflowershopandaswimmingpool.Thehotelalsoofferslaundry(洗衣店)services,babysitting,shiningshoes,andlocalareatransportation.
WindermereHotel
LocatedinthecenterofLondon,ourhotelputsguestswithineasyreachofLondon'swell-knownbuildings.BuckinghamPalaceandtheRoyalParksarejustashortwalkaway.Within1.5milesyoucanvisitWestminsterAbbeyandtheHousesofParliament.Thetheatres,Harrodsshoppingcentre,andthedesignershopsofSloaneSquareandKnightsbridgeareallonlyashortwalkawayorataxirideaway.1.WhatdoesKingswayHallHotelprovideforitsguests?______A.Chinesefood. B.Aloungebar.
C.Smokingrooms. D.Aswimmingpool.2.WhatisspecialaboutHiltonDocklandsRiverside?______A.Itoffersdifferentkindsofservice.
B.Itoffersareasonableprice.
C.Ithasconvenientsupermarkets.
D.Ithasdeliciousfood.3.Thispassageismostlikelytobefoundin______.A.atravelguide B.astorybook
C.atechnicalreport D.ageographymagazineB
WhatmaywellbetheoldestmetalcoinsintheworldhavebeenidentifiedatanancientabandonedcityknownasGuanzhuanginChina.LikemanyBronzeAgecoinsfromtheregion,theywerecastintheshapeofspadeswithfinelycarvedhandles.Theseancientcoinsexistedduringanin-betweenperiodbetweenbarter(以物易物)andmoney,whencoinswereanovelconcept,buteverybodyknewthatagriculturaltoolswerevaluable.Readingaboutthisincrediblediscovery,Ikeptthinkingaboutthewaymodernpeoplerepresentcomputernetworksbydescribingmachinesashaving“addresses”,likeahouse.Wealsotalkaboutonecomputerusinga“port”tosendinformationtoanothercomputer,asifthedatawereafloatingboatwithdestination.ItˈsasifweareintheBronzeAgeofinformationtechnology,graspingdesperatelyforreal-worldreferencetotransformourcivilization.Nowconsiderwhathappenedtospadecoins.Overcenturies,metalworkersmadethesecoinsintomoreabstractshapes.Somebecamealmosthumanfigures.Othersˈhandleswerereducedtosmallhalf-circles.Asspadecoinsgrewmoreabstract,peoplecarvedthemwithnumbervaluesandthelocationswheretheyweremade.Theybecamemorelikemoderncoins,flatandcoveredinwriting.Lookingatoneoftheselaterpieces,youwouldhavenoideathattheywereonceintendedtolooklikeaspade.Thismakesmewonderifwewilldevelopanentirelynewsetofsymbolsthatallowustointeractwithourdigitalinformationmoresmoothly.Takingspadecoinsasourguide,wecanguessthatfar-futurecomputernetworkswillnolongercontainanyrecognizablereferencestohouses.Buttheystillmightbringsomeoftheideasweassociatewithhometoourmind.Infact,computernetworks—iftheystillexistatall—arelikelytobealmosttheindispensablepartofourhousesandcities,theirsensorsinsetwithwallsandroads.Ournetworkaddressesmightactuallybethesameasourstreetaddresses.Ifclimatechangeleadstofloods,ourmobiledevicesmightlookmorelikeboatsthanphones,assistingustoland.Mypointisthatthemetaphorsoftheinformationagearenˈtrandom.Mobiledevicesdoofferuscomfortafteralongdayatwork.Insomesense,ourdesiretosettleontheshoresofdatalakescouldchangethewayweunderstandhome,aswellashowwebuildcomputers.Soaswecastourmindsforward,wehavetothinkaboutwhatnewabstractionswillgoalongwithourinformationtechnology.Perhapstheonethingwecountonisthathumanswillstillappreciatethecomfortsofhome.4.ManyBronzeAgecoinsweremadeintotheshapeofaspadebecause________.A.alotofemphasiswasputonagriculture
B.thisstylishdesignmadethecoinsvaluable
C.thesecoinsalsoservedasagriculturaltools
D.thehandlesmadethecoinseasilyexchanged5.Whydoestheauthorrelatecomputerstospadecoins?A.Toshowtheybothusedtobenewconceptswhenfirstinvented.
B.Toexplainabstractdigitalworldsaredifferentfromconcretecoins.
C.Tosuggestcomputerswillexperiencedramaticchangesascoinsdid.
D.Tohighlighttheirsameimportanceinourcivilizationaltransformation.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“indispensable”inParagraph5probablymean?A.Flexible. B.Essential. C.Wasteful. D.Alternative.7.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.WhatCoinsandComputersBringUs
B.HowAgricultureLosestoDigitalIndustry
C.HowBronzeAgeDevelopstoInformationAge
D.WhatAncientMoneyTellsUsAbouttheFutureCAreyoufrightenedofclowns(小丑)?Youarenotalone.Coulrophobia,orthefearofclowns,isawidelyrecognizedphenomenon.Wesetouttodiscoverthereasonspeoplearefrightenedbyclowns,andtounderstandthepsychology(心理)behindthis.Todothis,wedesignedaquestionformtolookathowmanypeoplesufferfromcoulomphobiaandhowmuchtheyareafraidofit.Thetestwascompletedbyagroupof987peopleagedbetween18and77.
Morethanhalfthevolunteers(53.5%)saidtheywerefrightenedofclownsatleasttosomedegree,with5%sayingtheywere"extremelyafraid"ofthem.Wealsodiscoveredcoulrophobiadropswithage.Interestingly,wefoundthefinalexplanation,ofhavinghadafearfulpersonalexperiencewithaclown,hadthelowestlevelofagreement.Thisshowsthatlifeexperiencealoneisnotasatisfyingexplanationforwhypeopleareafraidofthem.
Incontrast,negative(消极的)descriptionofclownsinpopularculturewasamuchstrongercontributingfactortowardscoulrophobia.Thisisunderstandablebecausemostfamousclownsinbooksandfilmsaredesignedtobeterrible—suchasPennywise,thecreepy(毛骨悚然的)clownfromStephenKing's1986novelIt.
Infactthestrongestfactorweidentifiedwashiddenemotionalsignssuggestingthatformanypeople,afearofclownscomesfromnotbeingabletoseetheirfacialexpressionsduetotheirmake-up.Wecannotseetheir"true"facesandcannotunderstandtheiremotionalpurpose.So,forexample,wedon'tknowwhethertheyhaveafrown(皱眉)orafurrowedbrow(眉头紧锁),whichwouldshowanger.Notbeingabletobeawareofwhataclownisthinkingorwhattheymightdonextmakessomeofusonedgewhenwearearoundthem.8.Whatisthesecondparagraphmainlyabout?______A.TheresultofCoulrophobiatest. B.AdropinCoulrophobia.
C.ExplanationsofCoulrophobia. D.Reactionsfromvolunteers.9.Whatisaclownlikeinpopularculture?______A.Silly. B.Funny. C.Understanding. D.Horrible.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"onedge"meaninparagraph4?______A.Angry. B.Interested. C.Nervous. D.Proud.11.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?______A.Aclown'smakeupcanbeuneasy
B.Thisiswhywe'reafraidofclowns
C.Coulrophobiaisnolaughingmatter
D.ThisishowcoulrophobiacomesaboutDAteamofresearchersatJohannesKeplerUniversityhasfoundthattheskinofacertainkindofmushroomcanbeusedasabiodegradable(可生物降解的)baseforcomputerchips.IntheirpaperpublishedinthejournalScienceAdvances,thegroupdescribeshowwellitworkedandhoweasilyitcouldbecleanlygotridofafterthechipwasnolongeruseful.
Mostchipsusedtomakeelectronicdevicesaresetonabaseofplastic.However,unfortunately,thetypeofplasticusedisn'tatallrecyclable,whichmeansmostcomputerchipsendupinlandfills(垃圾填埋场)aroundtheworld.Previousresearchhassuggestedthatthisleadsto100milliontonsofelectronicwasteaddedtolandfillseachyear.
Aftersearchingforplentyofalternatives,theteaminAustriacameacrossGanodermalucidum,atypeofmushroomthatgrowsondeadhardwoodtrees.Theynotedthatitgrowsaskintocoveritsroot-likepart.
Afterremovingsomeoftheskinfromseveralsamples,theresearchersfoundthatitwasflexibleandwasabletostandhightemperatures.Theyalsonotedthatifkeptawayfromlightandwetness,theskinwouldlastalongtime.Ontheotherhand,ifitwereexposedtosuchconditionsintentionally,itwouldquicklydecompose.Theseareallfeaturesthattheteamthoughtwouldmakeforaverygoodchipbase.
Theteamdevelopedameansforplacingmetalelectroniccomponentsontotheskin.Testingoftheresultshowedthattheskinworkednearlyaswellasthetraditionalplasticbaseandthatitcouldremainundamagedafterbeingbentrepeatedly.Theyalsofoundtheskincouldbeusedtomakebatterycomponents.Moreworkisrequiredtoensurethattheskinworksashopedinanindustrialsetting.Also,acleanprocessforremovingtheskinfromthechipsstillneedstobefound.12.Whatdowelearnaboutmostcomputerchips?______A.Theyendupaselectronicwaste. B.Theyaremadeofplastic.
C.Theyareeasilywornout. D.Theycanbecompletelyrecycled.13.Whatisthefourthparagraphmainlyabout?______A.Howresearcherscarriedouttests.
B.Whatagoodchipbasewaslike.
C.Whyresearcherstestedonmushroomskin.
D.Whatqualitieswerefoundaboutmushroomskin.14.Whatfollow-upresearchmightresearchersdo?______A.Theskin'spotentialinthesamesetting.
B.Theskin'sperformanceasbatterycomponents.
C.Aconvenientwaytoputelectronicsontheskin.
D.Acleanprocesstogettheskinawayfromchips.15.What'sthewritingpurposeofthetext?______A.Toreportanewdiscoveryofmushrooms.
B.Topicturethefutureofcomputerchips.
C.Toshowthefeaturesofmushrooms.
D.Tocallfornature-friendlycomputerchips.二、阅读七选五(本大题共5小题,共10.0分)Manychildrenwanttohavetheirownpets,buthowtobeagoodpetowner?Besidesgivingthemfoodandwater,whatelsecanwedotogiveourpetsmuchlove?
Provideyourpetwiththecorrectdiet.
Ifyouprefertochangethepreviousdietofyourpet,doitslowlysothattheyadjust(适应)properly.(1)______Youngdogswillneeddifferenttypesofdogfoodcomparedtoolderdogs.Andremember,donotoverfeedyourpet.
Cleantheirhousingoften.
Cleanyourpet'shomeatleastonceaweekandanyothertimesifnecessary.Generally,apet'shomeshouldbecleansoitisagoodenvironmentfortheanimal.(2)______
Keepyourpetclean.
Ifyouhaveadogthatalwaysplaysinthemud,it'snecessarytogiveitashowereveryday!(3)______Ifitistoohotortoocoldforyou,thenitwillbethesamefortheanimal.
Trainyourpet.
(4)______However,alotofbadpetbehaviorissimplycausedbyboredom,soshakeitupalittle.Ifpossible,takeyourpettosomeclasses.
(5)______
Putacollaronyourpetwithyourpersonalinformationandthepet'sname.Remembertoclosethecagedoorsothereisnochanceofescapingandbeinginanunsafeplace.
A.Neverhurtorharmyourpet.
B.Beanownerwithasenseofduty.
C.Noonewantsacatthatjumpsonthetable.
D.Animalsrequiredifferentdietsbasedonage.
E.Rememberthatyoushouldcheckthewaterfirstwithyourhand.
F.Watershouldbefresh,cleanandchangeddailytokeepyourpethealthy.
G.Withoutgoodlivingconditions,ananimalwillgetsickmore,andfeelunhappy.16.
A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G17.
A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G18.
A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G19.
A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G20.
A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G三、完形填空(本大题共20小题,共30.0分)Twelve-year-oldFlorescouldn'taffordbooks,sohe(1)______tostartreadingjunkmail.Floreswouldreadallthatwouldn't(2)______himanything.
RonLynch,apostman,wasmakinghisdaily(3)______whenhesawaboydiggingthroughjunkmail.Hewas(4)______aboutwhytheboywasdoingthat.WhatFloressaidnext(5)______Lynch.FlorestoldLynchthathe(6)______junkmailbecausehedidn'thavebooksofhisownand,hecouldn'taffordtogettothe(7)______.
Lynchwas(8)______bythelittleboy'swords,sohedecidedtohelptheboy.He(9)______theboy'sstorytohisblogtoaskforhelpencouragingthisyoungboy's(10)______forreading.The(11)______fromhissocialnetwork?WONDERFUL!Thepostspread(12)______hispersonalcircles."It'sgonecrazyfromthere,"Lynchsaid."I'veheardfromtheU.K.,Australia,fromIndia."
(13)______begantoarriveatFlores'doorstep.Thelittleboywas(14)______andsoexcitedthathecould(15)______readsomethingREAL!Floresisnowtheproudownerofa(16)______library."Theysaidthesebooksareforyou.Ithoughttheywere(17)______,buttheywereforme,"saidFloresaboutthe(18)______.
Thepointisonepersoncan(19)______alife.Allittakessometimesis(20)______whatisgoingonaroundyou.21.
A.decided B.offered C.attempted D.managed22.
A.claim B.cost C.lose D.miss23.
A.supplies B.questions C.deliveries D.inquiries24.
A.optimistic B.cautious C.concerned D.curious25.
A.disappointed B.confused C.shocked D.motivated26.
A.wanted B.read C.cleaned D.bought27.
A.library B.hotel C.office D.market28.
A.well-informed B.hard-won C.heart-broken D.ready-made29.
A.posted B.wrote C.created D.updated30.
A.worry B.ambition C.achievement D.hunger31.
A.comment B.relief C.expression D.response32.
A.beyond B.out C.against D.besides33.
A.Gifts B.Books C.Praises D.Charities34.
A.interested B.touched C.eager D.anxious35.
A.gradually B.frequently C.eventually D.normally36.
A.personal B.perfect C.regional D.national37.
A.expensive B.nervous C.mistaken D.awkward38.
A.courage B.honesty C.happiness D.kindness39.
A.shape B.destroy C.recover D.change40.
A.understanding B.noticing C.monitoring D.recognizing四、语法填空(本大题共1小题,共15.0分)41.
ManyAmericansputawaytheirwhiteclothesonLaborDay
(1)
donotwearthemagainuntilthefollowingMay.
Onereasonfortheclothingcustomrelatestotheseason.IntheUnitedStates,the
(2)
(month)betweenJuneandSeptemberaresummer.Theweatherisusuallyhotinnortheasterncities.Manypeopletherehistoricallyworelight-coloredclothinginthesummertime
(3)
(keep)cool.
JudithMartinisanexpertonmanners,
(4)
spoketoTimeMagazineaboutthehistoryofwearingwhiteinsummer.ShesaidAmericansinthe1800sandearly1900sworeformalclothesallyearlong.Wearingwhiteclothesinthesummertimemaymakepeoplemore
(5)
(comfort).Then,inaboutthe1930s,wearingwhiteclothesinthesummertimebecamefashionable.ThatisbecausesomewealthyAmericanswentonvacation
(6)
weeksormonthsinthesummer.Thewhiteclothesthenbecameconnectedwithease,
(7)
(beautiful)andmoney.Butattheendofsummer,theyputthosewhiteclothesawayand
(8)
(return)totheirlivesinthecity,
(9)
(wear)darkerandheavierclothes.
(10)
(final),notwearingwhiteclothesafterLaborDaybecameabitofafashionrule.(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)五、短文改错(本大题共1小题,共10.0分)42.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共10处语言错误,每句最多有两处。每处错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改:在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意:
(1)每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
(2)只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Recently,ourneighborcalledandaskedthatifwe'dmindlookingafterhercatBellafortwoweeks.Shewasgoingtopaythevisittohersickparents.Mymotherinstantsaid,"We'dlovetotakecareofher."SowetakeBellahomelastweekend.ThoughBellaareonly10monthsold,sheisveryenergyandanythingcanbecomehertoy.Besides,sheoftenwaitsusatthewindow.Whenweappear,shewillracetothedoortogreetus.SpendtimewithBellaisjustwhatweneed.Ioftentakeawalkafterheronlinelessonsareover,butBellaismygoodcompanionduringthewalk.六、书面表达(本大题共1小题,共25.0分)43.假如你是李华,高二同学参观大运河博物馆(theChinaGrandCanalMuseum)。请你为校英文报写一篇新闻报道,内容包括:
(1)参与人员、时间;
(2)活动内容;
(3)活动反响。
注意:
(1)写作词数应为80左右;
(2)可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
AVisittotheChinaGrandCanalMuseum_______
答案和解析1~3.【答案】B、A、A【解析】(1)细节理解题。根据第一则广告Theloungebarisacomfortableplacetoenjoyadrinkwhilewatchingthetourists.(酒廊酒吧是一个舒适的地方享受饮料,同时看着游客)可知,KingswayHallHotel给游客提供了一个很舒适的酒吧,游客可以在酒吧里放松自己。故选B。
(2)细节理解题。根据第二则广告中Ourhotelhasabeautysalon,aflowershopandaswimmingpool.Thehotelalsoofferslaundry(洗衣店)services,babysitting,shiningshoes,andlocalareatransportation.(我们宾馆有美容院、花店和游泳池。酒店还提供洗衣服务,保姆,擦鞋,和当地交通。)可知,这个宾馆会给游客提供各种各样的贴心的服务。故选A。
(3)标题归纳题。根据文章第一句Wouldyouliketotravel?Hereissomeadviceforyou.(你想去旅游吗?这是给你的一些建议。)可知,这篇文章是给游客的一些建议,在接下来的三段中分别介绍了三家有特色的宾馆。所以本文应该是从旅游指南中摘录出来的,与故事书、科技报告和地理杂志无关。故选A。
本文是应用文,介绍了伦敦三家宾馆及其特色。
阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力,要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系,对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断;或根据作者所阐述的观点理论,对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文,完整了解信息,准确把握作者观点。
4~7.【答案】A、D、B、C【解析】【文章大意】本文通过硬币的发展介绍了从青铜时代到信息时代的发展变化。
1.
根据第一段Theseancientcoinsexistedduringanin-betweenperiodbetweenbarter(以物易物)andmoney,whencoinswereanovelconcept,buteverybodyknewthatagriculturaltoolswerevaluable.(这些古代硬币存在于物物交换和货币之间的一个时期,当时硬币还是一个新概念,但每个人都知道农业工具是有价值的。)可知许多青铜时代的硬币被做成了铁锹的形状,因为人们非常重视农业。故选A。
2.
根据第四段Thismakesmewonderifwewilldevelopanentirelynewsetofsymbolsthatallowustointeractwithourdigitalinformationmoresmoothly.(这让我想知道我们是否会开发出一套全新的符号,使我们能够更顺畅地与数字信息进行交互。)以及第五段Takingspadecoinsasourguide,wecanguessthatfar-futurecomputernetworkswillnolongercontainanyrecognizablereferencestohouses.(以黑桃币为指南,我们可以猜测,遥远的未来计算机网络将不再包含任何可识别的与房屋有关的内容。)可知作者把电脑和黑桃硬币联系起来是为了强调他们在我们的文明转型中同样重要。故选D。
3.
根据第五段Infact,computernetworks—iftheystillexistatall—arelikelytobealmosttheindispensablepartofourhousesandcities,theirsensorsinsetwithwallsandroads.(事实上,计算机网络——如果它们仍然存在的话——很可能几乎是我们房屋和城市……的一部分,它们的传感器嵌入墙壁和道路。)Ournetworkaddressesmightactuallybethesameasourstreetaddresses.Ifclimatechangeleadstofloods,ourmobiledevicesmightlookmorelikeboatsthanphones,assistingustoland.(我们的网络地址实际上可能与我们的街道地址相同。如果气候变化导致洪水,我们的移动设备可能看起来更像船,而不是手机,帮助我们上岸。)可知本段主要在介绍计算机网络的重要性,indispensable与essential意思相近,意为“不可或缺的”。故选B。
4.
通读全文可知本文通过硬币的发展介绍了从青铜时代到信息时代的发展变化,因此C项“青铜时代如何发展到信息时代”最恰当。故选C。
8~11.【答案】A、D、C、B【解析】(1)段落大意题。根据第二段Morethanhalfthevolunteers(53.5%)saidtheywerefrightenedofclownsatleasttosomedegree,with5%sayingtheywere"extremelyafraid"ofthem.Wealsodiscoveredcoulrophobiadropswithage.Interestingly,wefoundthefinalexplanation,ofhavinghadafearfulpersonalexperiencewithaclown,hadthelowestlevelofagreement.Thisshowsthatlifeexperiencealoneisnotasatisfyingexplanationforwhypeopleareafraidofthem.(超过一半的志愿者(53.5%)说他们至少在某种程度上害怕小丑,5%的人说他们"非常害怕"小丑。我们还发现,小丑恐惧症会随着年龄的增长而下降。有趣的是,我们发现最后一种解释,即与小丑有过可怕的个人经历,一致性最低。这表明,生活经历本身并不能令人满意地解释人们为什么害怕它们)可知,第二段的主要内容是关于小丑恐惧症试验结果。故选A。
(2)细节理解题。根据第三段Incontrast,negativedescriptionofclownsinpopularculturewasamuchstrongercontributingfactortowardscoulrophobia.Thisisunderstandablebecausemostfamousclownsinbooksandfilmsaredesignedtobeterrible—suchasPennywise,thecreepyclownfromStephenKing's1986novelIt.(相比之下,流行文化中对小丑的负面描述是导致小丑恐惧症的一个更强的因素。这是可以理解的,因为书籍和电影中大多数著名的小丑都被设计得很可怕,比如斯蒂芬•金1986年的小说《小丑》中令人毛骨悚然的小丑Pennywise)可知,流行文化中的小丑是可怕的。A.Silly.愚蠢的;B.Funny.有趣的;C.Understanding.理解的;D.Horrible.可怕的。故选D。
(3)词句猜测题。根据最后一段Wecannotseetheir"true"facesandcannotunderstandtheiremotionalpurpose.So,forexample,wedon'tknowwhethertheyhaveafrownorafurrowedbrow(眉头紧锁),whichwouldshowanger.(我们无法看到他们"真实"的面孔,也无法理解他们的情感目的。例如,我们不知道他们是皱着眉头还是皱着眉头,这表示愤怒)以及划线词上文"Notbeingabletobeawareofwhataclownisthinkingorwhattheymightdonextmakessomeofus"可知,我们无法看到小丑的真实面孔,不能意识到小丑在想什么,或者他们下一步会做什么,这让我们中的一些人在他们身边时感到紧张。故划线词意思是"紧张的"。A.Angry.生气的;B.Interested.感兴趣的;C.Nervous.紧张的;D.Proud.自豪的。故选C。
(4)标题归纳题。根据第一段Areyoufrightenedofclowns?Youarenotalone.Coulrophobia,orthefearofclowns,isawidelyrecognizedphenomenon.Wesetouttodiscoverthereasonspeoplearefrightenedbyclowns,andtounderstandthepsychologybehindthis.(你害怕小丑吗?你并不孤单。小丑恐惧症,即对小丑的恐惧,是一个被广泛认可的现象。我们开始发现人们害怕小丑的原因,并了解这背后的心理)结合文章主要介绍了"小丑恐惧症"以及人们害怕小丑的原因和背后的心理因素。可知,B选项"这就是为什么我们害怕小丑的原因"最符合文章标题。故选B。
这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了"小丑恐惧症"以及人们害怕小丑的原因和背后的心理因素。
一、速读全文,了解大意知主题。
阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力,考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读,搜寻关键词、主题句,捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点,并且理清文章脉络,把握语篇实质。
二、看题干,带着问题读文章。
首先要掌握问题的类型,客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案;而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等,这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次,了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息,然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读,对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性,提高了做题的准确率。
三、逻辑推理,做好深层理解题。
在实际阅读中,有时作者并未把意图说出来,阅读者要根据字面意思,通过语篇逻辑关系,研究细节的暗示,推敲作者的态度,理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理,不能就事论事,以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有:infer,imply,suggest,indicate等。
四、猜词悟义,扫除阅读拦路虎。
猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文,而且要有较大的泛读量,掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜",通过构词,语法,定义,同位,对比,因果,常识,上下文等线索确定词义。
12~15.【答案】A、D、D、A【解析】(1)推理判断题。根据第二段However,unfortunately,the
type
of
plastic
used
isn't
at
all
recyclable,which
means
most
computer
chips
end
up
in
landfills
(垃圾填埋场)
around
the
world.Previous
research
has
suggested
that
this
leads
to
100
million
tons
of
electronic
waste
added
to
landfills
each
year.(然而,不幸的是,所使用的塑料类型根本不可回收,这意味着大多数计算机芯片最终都在世界各地的垃圾填埋场。此前的研究表明,这导致每年有1亿吨电子垃圾被添加到垃圾填埋场。)可知大多数计算机芯片最终成为电子垃圾。故选A项。
(2)段落大意题。根据第四段中的主题句These
are
all
features
that
the
team
thought
would
make
for
a
very
good
chip
base.(这些都是团队认为可以构成一个非常好的芯片基础的功能)以及上文中的细节内容可知,该段主要讲述的是研究者发现蘑菇皮具有柔韧性,耐高温等特征。故选D项。
(3)推理判断题。根据第五段中的Also,a
clean
process
for
removing
the
skin
from
the
chips
still
needs
to
be
found.(此外,仍然需要找到从芯片上去除皮肤的清洁过程)可推知,研究者后期工作需要进一步研究如何通过干净流程从芯片上剥离蘑菇皮。故选D项。
(4)目的意图题。根据文章的首段A
team
of
researchers
at
Johannes
Kepler
University
has
found
that
the
skin
of
a
certain
kind
of
mushroom
can
be
used
as
a
biodegradable
base
for
computer
chips.(Johannes
Kepler
University的一组研究人员发现,某种蘑菇的皮肤可以用作计算机芯片的可生物降解基质)以及后续段落可推知,本文写作目的就是介绍关于蘑菇的新发现,一种蘑菇皮可被用于芯片制作中,因其可以被生物降解。A.To
report
a
new
discovery
of
mushrooms.报道蘑菇的新发现;B.To
picture
the
future
of
computer
chips.描绘计算机芯片的未来;C.To
show
the
features
of
mushrooms.展示蘑菇的特征;D.To
call
for
nature-friendly
computer
chips.呼吁环保的电脑芯片。故选A项。
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了研究者关于蘑菇外皮的新发现。
一、速读全文,了解大意知主题。
阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力,考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读,搜寻关键词、主题句,捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点,并且理清文章脉络,把握语篇实质。
二、看题干,带着问题读文章。
首先要掌握问题的类型,客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案;而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等,这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次,了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息,然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读,对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性,提高了做题的准确率。
三、逻辑推理,做好深层理解题。
在实际阅读中,有时作者并未把意图说出来,阅读者要根据字面意思,通过语篇逻辑关系,研究细节的暗示,推敲作者的态度,理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理,不能就事论事,以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有:infer,imply,suggest,indicate等。
四、猜词悟义,扫除阅读拦路虎。
猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文,而且要有较大的泛读量,掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜",通过构词,语法,定义,同位,对比,因果,常识,上下文等线索确定词义。
16~20.【答案】D、G、E、C、B【解析】(1)推理判断题。根据上文Ifyouprefertochangethepreviousdietofyourpet,doitslowlysothattheyadjustproperly,(如果你想改变你的宠物以前的饮食习惯,那么就慢慢来让它们适当地调整。)由此可以推断本空与调整宠物的饮食习惯有关。选项"D.Animalsrequiredifferentdietsbasedonage.动物需要根据不同的年龄,调整饮食。"符合语境。故选D。
(2)推理判断题。根据上文Generally,apet'shomeshouldbecleansoitisagoodenvironmentfortheanimal.(一般来说,宠物的家应该是干净的,这样才是动物的良好环境。)由此可以推断本空与给宠物提供良好的生活条件有关。选项"G.Withoutgoodlivingconditions,ananimalwillgetsickmore,andfeelunhappy.没有良好的生活条件,动物会更加生病,感到不快乐。"符合语境。故选G。
(3)推理判断题。根据下文Ifitistoohotortoocoldforyou,thenitwillbethesamefortheanimal.(如果对你来说太热或太冷,那么动物也一样。)由此可以推断本空与注意水温有关。选项"E.Rememberthatyoushouldcheckthewaterfirstwithyourhand.记住你应该先用手检查一下水。"引出下文,符合语境。故选E。
(4)细节理解题。根据标题Trainyourpet.(训练你的宠物。)由此可以推断本空与训练你的宠物有关。选项"C.Noonewantsacatthatjumpsonthetable.没有人想要跳到桌子上的猫",符合语境。故选C。
(5)标题归纳题。根据文章倒数第一句Remembertoclosethecage(笼子)doorsothereisnochanceofescapingandbeinginanunsafeplace.(记住关上笼子的门,这样它就不会有机会逃出去,也不会到不安全的地方。)由此可以推断本空与对宠物负责有关。选项"B.Beanownerwithasenseofduty.做一个有责任感的主人。"符合语境。故选B。
本文是一篇说明文。讲述了作者针对如何成为一个好的宠物主人,分享了自己的一些诀窍。
关于七选五的做题步骤:
步骤一:快速浏览一遍七个备选答案,先确定哪个选项适合放在文章的什么位置。通常在以下位置:标题,句首,句中,句尾。不同位置的句子有不同的特征。
步骤二:快速浏览文章,确定文章体裁,抓住文章结构。
步骤三:分析篇章结构,找出各段的主题句或主旨大意。
步骤四:注意各选项中出现的句子衔接手段,寻找句中衔接标志词。
步骤五:区分相似项。
21~40.【答案】A、B、C、D、C、B、A、C、A、D、D、A、B、B、C、A、C、D、D、B【解析】(1)考查动词及语境理解。A.decided决定;B.offered提供;C.attempted试图去做;D.managed设法完成。根据空前"Flores
couldn't
afford
books"和空后"start
reading
junk
mail"可知,Flores没钱买书,此处指他决定开始读垃圾邮件。故答案为A。
(2)考查动词及语境理解。A.claim声称;B.cost花费;C.lose失去;D.miss错过。根据空前的"...couldn't
afford
books"可知,Flores买不起书,所以他应该会读不花费他任何东西的书籍。故答案为B。
(3)考查名词及语境理解。A.supplies供给;B.questions问题;C.deliveries递送;D.inquiries询问。根据空前的"apostman"和"making
hisroutine"并结合常识可知,邮递员的日常工作就是送快递。故答案为C。
(4)考查形容词及语境理解。A.optimistic乐观的;B.cautious谨慎的;C.concerned担心的;D.curious好奇的。根据空后的"why
he
was
doing
that"可知,Ron
Lynch
想知道Flores为什么拽寻垃圾邮件,即他对此感到好奇。故答案为D。
(5)考查形容词及语境理解。A.disappointed失望的;B.confused困惑的;C.shocked震惊的;D.motivated有动机的。根据空后的"Flores
told
Lynch...couldn'tafford"可知,Lynch应该是被Flores的理由震惊到了。故答案为C。
(6)考查动词及语境理解。A.wanted想要;B.read阅读;C.cleaned清洁;D.bought买。根据第一段可知,Flores买不起书,所以他开始阅读垃圾邮件。此处是对上文中read的同词复现。故答案为B。
(7)考查名词及语境理解。A.library图书馆;B.hotel宾馆;C.office办公室;D.market市场。根据上文he
didn't
have
books
of
his
own可知,Flores所做的一切都是和读书有关,结合备选项可知,此处应是一个和"读书"有关的名词。故答案为A。
(8)考查形容词及语境理解。A.well-informed消息灵通的;B.hard-won来之不易的;C.heart-broken心碎的;D.ready-made现成的。根据上文Twelve-year-old
Flores
couldn't
afford
books,so
he
(1)to
start
reading
junk
mail可知,Flores因为没钱买书而开始阅读垃圾邮件。结合常识可知,面对这样的经历,大部分人都会感到心碎和十分心疼。故答案为C。
(9)考查动词及语境理解。A.posted发帖;B.wrote写下;C.created创造;D.updated更新。根据空后的"to
his
blog
to
ask
forhelp..."可知,Lynch把这个小男孩的经历发布在社交网络上了。故答案为A。
(10)考查名词及语境理解。A.worry担心;B.ambition抱负;C.achievement成就;D.hunger饥饿。根据上文Flores因为没钱买书而开始阅读垃圾邮件可知,他十分渴望读书。hunger"(对某事物的)渴望,渴求"符合此处语境。故答案为D。
(11)考查名词及语境理解。A.comment评论;B.relief安慰;C.expression表情;D.response回应。Lynch把这个小男孩的经历发布在社交网络上了。再结合空后的"OVERWHELMING"可知,此处指来自网络上的热烈反响。故答案为D。
(12)考查介词及语境理解。A.beyond超出;B.out向外;C.against反对;D.besides除……之外。根据空后的"I'm
gone
crazy...fromIndia."可知,这个消息被疯传,Lynch收到了来自英国、澳大利亚和印度的消息。由此可知,这个帖子的传播超出了Lynch自己的圈子。故答案为A。
(13)考查名词及语境理解。A.Gifts礼物;B.Books书;C.Praises称赞;D.Charities慈善。根据下文"They
said
these
books
are
for
you."可知,在网上获知Flores经历的人把书邮寄到Flores家门口。下文中的"books"是对此处的同词复现。故答案为B。
(14)考查形容词及语境理解。A.interested感兴趣的;B.touched感动的;C.eager渴望的;D.anxious焦虑的。上文提到Flores十分喜爱读书,但没钱购买书籍。结合空前内容可知,书籍开始来到Flores的住所门前。由此可推断,Flores应该会是感到吃惊和惊喜的。故答案为B。
(15)考查副词及语境理解。A.gradually逐渐地;B.frequently频繁地;C.eventually最后;D.normally正常地。前文提到Flores
没钱买书,只能读垃圾邮件。此处指他最终读到真正的书籍了。故答案为C。
(16)考查形容词及语境理
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