2020-2021学年北京八十中高二（下）期中英语试卷

第1页（共1页）2020-2021学年北京八十中高二（下）期中英语试卷第一部分：听力理解（共三节，30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，共7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话你将听一遍。1．（1.5分）Whatdoesthemanwanttodrink？A．Tea．B．Coffee．C．Hotwater．2．（1.5分）Whichcakedoesthemanorder？3．（1.5分）Wherearethespeakers？A．Inthehotel．B．Inthecinema．C．Attheairport．4．（1.5分）What'sthemanprobablydoing？A．Drivingacar．B．Readingamap．C．Lookingforagasstation．5．（1.5分）Howdoesthemanfeelafterretirement？A．Lonely．B．Depressed．C．Relaxed．第二节（共4小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）听下面4段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅读每小题。听完后，每小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白你将听两遍。6．（3分）（1）Whydoesthewomancalltheman？A．Toinvitehimtovisitherhouse．B．Toaskhimtohelpherwiththereport．C．Totellhimaboutherdelayfortheparty．（2）Whatwillthewomanfirstdoaftershefinishesherwork？A．Gohome．B．VisitLisa．C．Gototheparty．7．（4.5分）（1）Whatareonthethirdlevel？A.Mapcollections.B.Magazines.C.Sciencebooks.（2）Howmanybookscanastudentborrowatmosteachtime？A.3.B.5.C.6.（3）Whenisthelibraryclosed？A.OnMonday.B.OnSaturday.C.OnSunday.8．（3分）（1）Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout？A.Ajobopportunity.B.Acomputercenter.C.Asummerholiday.（2）What'sthepossiblerelationshipbetweenthespeakers？A.Fatheranddaughter.B.Teacherandstudent.C.Managerandassistant.9．（4.5分）（1）Whatmakesthewomanexcited？A.Anewcomputer.B.AtriptoEngland.C.Goodexamresults.（2）Whatwillthemanprobablydoinsummer？A.Work.B.Study.C.Travel.（3）Howdoesthewomanthinkoftheman'splan？A.Prettygood.B.Notpractical.C.Awasteoftime.第三节（共1小题；每小题1.5分，共7.5分）听下面一段独白，完成第16至20五道小题，每小题仅填写一个词。听独白前，你将有20秒钟的时间阅读试题，听完后你将有60秒钟的作答时间。这段独白你将听两遍。10．（7.5分）Day﹣careCenterLocationonthe（1）floornexttothediningroomOpeningDayNext（2）.Workinghoursfrom7a.m.to（3）p.m.Facilities（设施）modernplayequipmentandlearningmaterials；amainplayareaandthreeseparate（4）.Parentvisitinghoursduring（5）hourandworkbreaks.第二部分：知识运用（共两节，45分）第一节语法填空（共1小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。11．（15分）AInthelastsevendaysIhaveseenthepressurethattheNHSisunder.Ihaveseenthepersonalcouragenotjustofthedoctorsandnursesbutofeveryone，thecleaners，the（1）（cook），thehealthcareworkersofeverydescription﹣physios，radiographers﹣（2）havekeptcomingtowork，keptputtingthemselvesinharm'sway，kept（3）（risk）thisdeadlyvirus.Itisthankstothatcourage，thatdevotion，thatdutyandthatlovethatourNHShasbeenunbeatable.BAvideoaboutaChinesepoliceofficer'sbrokenEnglishwentviralontheInternetinChinarecently.Inthevideo，aGermanstudentreturnedtoShanghaibutgot（4）（stop）bythesecurityguardsattheapartmentgate.Butthestudentdoesn'tspeakChineseandthesecuritydoesn'tspeakEnglish.Theycouldn'tmake（5）（they）understood.Sothesecurityendedupcallingthepoliceforhelp.Twopoliceofficersshoweduponthespot，wheretheycommunicatedwiththestudent（6）verybrokenEnglishandwithbodylanguage.（7）settlingtheproblem，thepoliceofficertoldthestudentthatsheshouldlearnsomeChinese.CToday，dogsarefound（8）（help）toallwhoflyinairplanes.Theyaretrainedtosmell，track，andfindbombsonplanesandinluggage.Dogsareeasytotrainbecausetheyalreadyhavedeepconnectiontohumans.Manyofthesedogsaredonatedtothesafetyprogram，wherethey（9）（give）agoodhome.Thepartnershipbetweendogsandhumansallowseachtoprofitfromthespecialtalentsoftheotherastheyworktogether（10）（save）lives.第二节完形填空（共1小题；每小题1.5分，共30分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。12．（30分）LearningaboutLifefromanAntFarmWhenIwassevenyearsold，myfamilytriedto（1）anantfarmathome.First，weputcleansandinathinglassbox，andthenwebroughtsomeantsfromthebackyardandplacedthemintothe（2）home.Shortlyafterthenew（3）weredroppedintotheglassstructure，theygottoworkmakingtunnels.Iwasamazedthateachoneknew（4）whattodo.Afterhoursofstaring，Irealizedthattheantshadparticulargivenjobs.Withmymom'shelp，Ikeptajournalofwhathappenedeachdayand（5）theants.Myfavoritewasthebiggest，Cinderella.Idrewapictureofherinmyjournal，whichIstillhave.Onthefifthdayadisaster（6）theantfarm.WhileIwas（7）theants，IhadputmyfacesoclosetothestructurethatIaccidentallytippeditover，（8）inallthetunnels.Althoughtheants（9）theirearthquake，onebyonetheybegantodie.Iwas（10）asIwatchedthemgiveuptheirtunnel﹣buildingtocarrythebodiestoacornerofthefarm.Mymotherreportedthattheantsweredyingof"frustration"﹣feelingannoyedandimpatientastheycouldn'tcontrolthesituation.Theysimplycouldnot（11）therealitythattheirtunnelshadbeendestroyed.Cinderellawasthelasttodie；shedidsowhilecarryingadeadantonherback.Althoughmuchtimehaspassed，Istillthinkofthatantfarm.Momhadhopeditwouldteachmeaboutthenaturalworld，（12）ittaughtmemuchmore.（13）theyears，Icametorealizetheantswereastudyinthebenefitsof（14）.Workingtogether，theywereabletocreatea（n）（15）worldforthemselves.Ialsolearnedthattheyshouldbe（16）fortheirhardwork.Dayinanddayout，eachlaboredattheirtask.Theantfarmdemonstratedthatteamworkandperseveranceareindeedtwokey（17）tosuccess.ButtherewasanevenlargerlessonthatIdidnot（18）untilrecently：Disasterisanaturalpartoflife，andmustbe（19）.Unliketheants，humanscannotgiveupwhentheyface（20）.Unliketheants，wehavetorealizethatifatunnelcavesin，wejusthavetobuildanother.（1）A.getB.buyC.runD.find（2）A.emptyB.newC.strangeD.distant（3）A.guestsB.settlersC.friendsD.members（4）A.probablyB.roughlyC.exactlyD.normally（5）A.namedB.trainedC.comparedD.measured（6）A.affectedB.struckC.kickedD.beat（7）A.removingB.teachingC.observingD.collecting（8）A.turningB.rushingC.fillingD.caving（9）A.experiencedB.predictedC.facedD.survived（10）A.annoyedB.horrifiedC.movedD.thrilled（11）A.reflectB.ignoreC.confirmD.stand（12）A.andB.butC.soD.or（13）A.InB.ForC.FromD.Over（14）A.teamworkB.devotionC.responsibilityD.organization（15）A.relaxingB.amusingC.movingD.amazing（16）A.supportedB.inspiredC.admiredD.admitted（17）A.certificatesB.approachesC.ingredientsD.circumstances（18）A.giveB.realizeC.takeD.adopt（19）A.acceptedB.sufferedC.achievedD.managed（20）A.challengesB.barriersC.pressureD.disappointment第三部分：阅读理解（共两节，40分）第一节（共4小题；每小题6分，共30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。13．（6分）WelcometoAMDAYourfutureintheperformingartsdoesn'thavetobeadream.Forover50years，AMDAhaslaunchedsomeofthemostsuccessfulcareersintheatre，filmandtelevision.AMDAcreatesindustryprofessionalswhodon'tjustwaitforlifetohappen﹣theystagetheirowncareerpath.Nowit'syourturn.ProgramdescriptionAtAMDA，webelieveaperformermustperform.Fromthefirstday，you'llfindmanyperformanceopportunitiesinthethreecoreareasofacting，musicaltheatreanddance，bothinandoutoftheclassroom，plusindividualvoicelessons.Overthecourseofyourfoursemesters（学期），you'llalsoimproveyourperformancetechniquethroughanintensivecurriculumthatfocusesonbothfoundationalandadvancedconceptsinacting，musicaltheatreanddance.Finally，throughcoursesincareerpreparation，you'lllearnhowtoapplyallofthistrainingtoasuccessfulcareeronstageandscreen.PhilosophyandmissionAMDAiscommittedtoprovidingasplendidperformingartseducationtoadiversecommunityofcreativeartists.AMDAservesasbothschoolandstage，wherestudentsaregiventhesupportandopportunitytoidentifytheirownpersonalobjectivesandtodevelopandimprovetheirowndistinctiveartisticvoices.AMDAtriestocreateanenvironmentforstudentstodeveloptheskills，confidence，imagination，andpowertocontributetotheircommunityasartists，businesspeople，lifelonglearners，andhard﹣workingcitizensoftheworldAboveall，AMDAwantstoteachstudentsthatcommitmentandpassionarethemarksofasuccessfulandjoyouscareer.Registration6305YuccaStreetLosAngeles800﹣367﹣7908https：//（1）WhatisthecurriculumofAMDAabout？A.Drawing.B.Philosophy.C.PerformingD.Photography.（2）Howlongdoesthecourselast？A.Onesemester.B.Twoyears.C.Threesemesters.D.Fouryears.（3）WhatcanstudentslearninAMDA？A.Howtosingbeautifully.B.Howtotrainaperformer.C.Thewaytobuildastage.D.Thewaytobeadirector.14．（8分）Iwasfifteenmonthsold，ahappycarefreekiduntilthedayfell.Itwasabadfall.Ilandedonaglassrabbitwhichcutmyeyebadlyenoughtoblindit.Tryingtosavetheeye，thedoctorsstitchedtheeyeballtogetherwhereitwascut，leavingabiguglyscarinthemiddleofmyeye.Theattemptfailed，butmymama，inallofherwisdom，foundadoctorwhoknewthatiftheeyewereremovedentirely，myfacewouldgrowupbadlytwisted，somyscarred，sightless，cloudyandgrayeyelivedonwithme.AndasIgrew，thissightlesseyeinsomanywayscontrolledme.Iwalkedwithmyfacelookingatthefloorsopeoplewouldnotseetheuglyme.Sometimespeople，evenstrangers，askedmeembarrassingquestionsormadehurtfulremarks.Whenthekidsplayedgames，Iwasalwaysthe"monster".Igrewupimaginingthatpeoplelookedatmeinanunusualway，asifmyappearanceweremyfault.IalwaysfeltlikeIwasafreak.Yetmamawouldsaytome，ateveryturn，"Holdyourheaduphighandfacetheworld."ItbecamealitanythatIreliedon.ShehadstartedwhenIwasyoung.Shewouldholdmeinherarmsandstrokemyhairandsay，"Ifyouholdyourheaduphigh，itwillbeokay，andpeoplewillseeyourbeautifulsoul."ShecontinuedthismessagewheneverIwantedtohide.Thosewordshavemeantdifferentthingstomeovertheyears.Asalittlechild，Ithoughtmamameant，"Becarefuloryouwillfalldownorbumpintosomethingbecauseyouarenotlooking."Asanadolescent，eventhoughItendedtolookdowntohidemyshame，IfoundthatsometimeswhenIheldmyheaduphighandletpeopleknowme，theylikedme.Mymama'swordshelpedmebegintorealizethatbylettingpeoplelookatmyface，Iletthemrecognizetheintelligenceandbeautybehindbotheyeseveniftheycouldn'tseeitonthesurface.InhighschoolIwassuccessfulbothacademicallyandsocially.Iwasevenelectedclasspresident，butontheinsideIstillfeltlikeafreak.AllIreallywantedwastolooklikeeveryoneelse.Whenthingsgotreallybad，Iwouldcrytomymamaandshewouldlookatmewithlovingeyesandsay，"Holdyourheaduphighandfacetheworld.Letthemseethebeautythatisinside."WhenImetthemanwhobecamemypartnerforlife，welookedeachotherstraightintheeye，andhetoldmeIwasbeautifulinsideandout.Hemeantit.Mymama'sloveandencouragementwerethesparkthatgavemetheconfidencetoovercomemyowndoubt.Ihadfacedadversity，encounteredmyproblemsheadon，andlearnednotonlytoappreciatemyselfbuttohavedeepcompassionforothers."Holdyourheaduphigh"，hasbeenheardmanytimesinmyhome.Eachofmychildrenhasfeltitsinvitation.Thegiftmymamagavemelivesoninanothergeneration.（1）Asaresultoftheterribleaccident，thewriter.A.becamedeafandblindB.hadhereyehurtC.hadsomehearinglossD.hadhereyemovedaway（2）Bysaying"Holdyourheaduphighandfacetheworld"，hermothermeantto.A.blameherforlackofconfidenceB.warnheroftheinconvenienceC.encourageherinherdailylifeD.praiseherforhergreatcourage（3）Theunderlinedsentence"Eachofmychildrenhasfeltitsinvitation."inthelastparagraphmeans.A.allofthewriter'schildrengrewupwithaninvitingprospectB.Mama'sinspirationalwordshaddeepeffectsonthewriter'schildrenC.eachofthewriter'schildrenreceivedtheirgrandma'sinvitationD.thewriter'schildrenhadnochoicebuttoaccepttheinvitation（4）Whichofthefollowingisconveyedinthispassage？A.Failureisthemotherofsuccess.B.One'smindworksfasterindanger.C.Nevergiveupwheneverintrouble.D.Twohandsmaketheworklight.15．（8分）Boys'schoolsaretheperfectplacetoteachyoungmentoexpresstheiremotionsandaremorelikelytogetinvolvedinactivitiessuchasart，danceandmusic，accordingtoresearchreleasedtoday.Farfromthetraditionalimageofacultureofaggressivemasculinityinwhichstudentseithersinkorswim，theabsenceofgirlsgivesboysthechancetodevelopwithoutpressuretoconformtoastereotype，theUSstudysays.Boysatsinglesexschoolsweresaidtobemorelikelytogetinvolvedinculturalandartisticactivitiesthathelpeddeveloptheiremotionalexpressiveness，ratherthanfeelingtheyhadtoconformtothe"boycode"ofhidingtheiremotionstobea"realman".Thefindingsofthestudygoagainstreceivedwisdomthatboysdobetterwhentaughtalongsidegirls.TonyLittle，headmasterofEton，warnedthatboyswerebeingfailedbytheBritisheducationsystembecauseithadbecometoofocusedongirls.Hecriticizedteachersforfailingtorecognizethatboysareactuallymoreemotionalthangirls.Theresearcharguedthatboysoftenperformbadlyinmixedschoolsbecausetheybecomediscouragedwhentheirfemalepeersdobetterearlierinspeakingandreadingskills.Butinsingle﹣sexschools'teacherscantailorlessonstoboys'learningstyle，lettingthemmovearoundtheclassroomandgettingthemtocompeteinteamstopreventboredom，wrotethestudy'sauthor，AbigailJames，oftheUniversityofVirginia.Teacherscouldencourageboystoenjoyreadingandwritingwithspecifically"boy﹣focused"approachessuchasthemesandcharactersthatappealtothem.Becauseboysgenerallyhavemoreacutevision，learnbestthroughtouch，andarephysicallymoreactive，theyneedtobegiven"hands﹣on"lessonswheretheyareallowedtowalkaround."Boysinmixedschoolsviewclassicalmusicasfeminineandpreferthemoderngenreinwhichviolenceandwararemajorthemes，"Jameswrote.Single﹣sexeducationalsomadeitlesslikelythatboyswouldfeeltheyhadtoconformtoastereotypethatmenshouldbe"masterfulandincharge"inrelationships."Inmixedschools，boysfeelcompelledtoactlikemenbeforetheyunderstandthemselveswellenoughtoknowwhatthatmeans，"thestudyreported.（1）Itiscommonlybelievedthatinamixedschoolboys.A.growupmorehealthilyB.performrelativelybetterC.behavemoreresponsiblyD.receiveabettereducation（2）WhatdoesTonyLittlesayabouttheBritisheducationsystem？A.Itplacesmorepressureonboysthanongirls．B.Itfocusesmoreonmixedschooleducation．C.Itfailsmoreboysthangirlsacademically．D.Itfailstogiveboystheattentiontheyneed．（3）AccordingtoAbigailJames，oneoftheadvantagesofsingle﹣sexschoolsis.A.boyscanchoosetolearnwhatevertheyareinterestedinB.boyscanfocusontheirlessonswithoutbeingabsent﹣mindedC.teachingcanbeadaptedtosuitthecharacteristicsofboysD.teachingcanbedesignedtopromoteboys'teamspirit（4）WhichofthefollowingisthecharacteristicofboysaccordingtoAbigailJames'report？A.Theyhavesharpervision．B.Theyenjoybeingincharge．C.Theyareviolentandhostile．D.Theyactthesametostereotypes．16．（8分）There'recurrently21.5millionstudentsinAmerica，andmanywillbefundingtheircollegeonborrowedmoney.Giventhatthere'snowover＄1.3trillioninstudentloansonthebooks，it'sprettyclearthatmanystudentsarefarfromsensible.Theaveragestudent'sdebtupongraduationnowapproaches＄40，000，andascollegebecomesevermoreexpensive，callstomakeit"free"aremultiplying.EvenHillaryClintonsaysthatwhenitcomestocollege，"Costswon'tbeabarrier."Buttheonlywaycollegecouldbefreeisifthefacultyandstaffdonatedtheirtime，thebuildingsrequirednomaintenance，andcampusesrequirednoutilities.Aslongasit'simpossibletoproducesomethingfromnothingcostsareabsolutelyabarrier.Theactualquestionwedebateiswhoshouldpayforpeopletogotocollege.Iftaxpayersaretobearthecostofforgivingstudentloans，shouldn'ttheyhaveasayinhowtheirmoneyisused？Atleasttaxpayersshouldbeabletodecidewhatstudentswillstudyonthepublicdime.Ifwe'regoingtoforcetaxpayerstofootthebillforcollegedegrees，studentsshouldonlystudythosesubjectsthatareofgreatestbenefittotaxpayers.Afterall，studentsmakingtheirownchoicesinthisrespectiswhatcausedtheprobleminthefirstplace.Wesimplydon'tneedmorepoetry，genderstudies，orsociologymajors.Howdoweknowwhichsubjectsbenefitsociety？Easy.Averagestartingsalariesgiveaclearindicationofwhattypeoftrainingsocietyneedsitsnewworkerstohave.Certainly，there'rebenefitstoacollegemajorbeyondthejobastudentcanperform.Butifwe'retalkingaboutthebenefitstosociety，theonlythingthatmattersiswhatthemajorenablesthestudenttoproduceforsociety.Andthevalueofwhatthestudentcanproduceisreflectedinthewageemployersarewillingtopaythestudenttoproduceit.Alowwageforelementaryschoolteachers，however，doesn'tmeanelementaryeducationisn'timportant.Itsimplymeansthere'retoomanyelementaryschoolteachersalready.Meanwhile，there'refewwho'rewillingandabletoperformjobsrequiringapetroleumengineeringmajor，sothevalueofonemoreofthosepeopleisveryhigh.Sowecanhavetaxpayerspickupstudents'tuitioninexchangefordictatingwhatthosestudentswillstudy.Orwecanallowstudentsbothtochoosetheirmajorsandpayfortheireducationthemselves.Butintheend，oneoftwothingsistrue：Eitheracollegemajorisworthitscostoritisn't.Ifyes，taxpayerfinancingisn'tneeded.Ifnot，taxpayerfinancingisn'tdesirable.Eitherway，taxpayershavenobusinesspayingforstudents'collegeeducation.（1）Whatdoestheauthorthinkofcollegestudentsfundingtheireducationthroughloans？A.Theyonlyexpecttogethugereturns.B.Theyareactinginanirrationalway.C.Theybenefitattaxpayers'expense.D.Theywillregretdoingsosomeday.（2）Whatshouldstudentsdoiftaxpayersaretobeartheircollegecosts？A.Workevenhardertorepaysociety.B.Choosetheirsubjectsmorecarefully.C.Choosemajorsthatwillservesociety'spracticalneed.D.Allowtaxpayerstoparticipateincollegeadministration.（3）Whatdoestheauthorsayaboutthevalueofastudent'scollegeeducation？A.Itiswellreflectedintheiraveragestartingsalary.B.Itistobeprovedbywhattheycandoonthejob.C.Itisunderestimatedbyprofit﹣seekingemployers.D.Itisembodiedinhowtheyremovesocialbarriers.（4）Whatmessagedoestheauthorwanttoconveyinthepassage？A.Studentsshouldthinkcarefullywhethertogotocollege.B.Taxpayersshouldonlyfinancethemostgiftedstudents.C.Theworthofacollegeeducationisopentodebate.D.Collegestudentsshouldfundtheirowneducation.第二节（共1小题；每小题10分，共10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。17．（10分）Inafewdecades，artificialintelligence（AI）willsurpassmanyoftheabilitiesthatwebelievemakeusspecial.（1）.OneofthemostsignificantpiecesofnewsfromtheUSinearly2017wastheeffortsofGoogletomakeautonomousdrivingareality.Accordingtoareport，Google'sself﹣drivingcarsclocked1，023，330km，andrequiredhumanintervention124times.Thatisoneinterventionaboutevery8，047kmofautonomousdriving.Butevenmoreimpressiveistheprogressinjustasingleyear：humaninterventionsfellfrom0.8timesperthousandmilesto0.2，a400%improvement.Withsuchprogress，Google'scarswilleasilysurpassmyowndrivingabilitylaterthisyear.Drivingonceseemedtobeaveryhumanskill.Butwesaidthataboutchess，too.Thenacomputerbeatthehumanworldchampion，repeatedly.TheboardgameGo（围棋）tookoverfromchessasanewtestforhumanthinkingin2016，whenacomputerbeatoneoftheworld'sleadingprofessionalGoplayers.（2）.Iworryaboutmysix﹣year﹣oldson.Whatwillhisplacebeinaworldwheremachinesbeatusinoneareaafteranother？He'llnevercalculatefaster，neverdrivebetter，orevenflymoresafely.Actually，itallcomesdowntoafairlysimplequestion：What'ssospecialaboutus？（3）.Sofar，machineshaveaprettyhardtimeemulatingcreativity，arbitraryenoughnottobepredictedbyacomputer，andyetmorethansimplerandomness.Perhaps，ifwecontinuetoimproveinformation﹣processingmachines，we'llsoonhavehelpfulrationalassistants.（4）.IfI'mright，weshouldfosteracreativespiritbecauseadoseofillogicalcreativitywillcomplementtherationalityofthemachine.Unfortunately，however，oureducationsystemhasnotcaughtuptotheapproachingreality.Indeed，ourschoolsanduniversitiesarestructuredtomouldpupilstobemostlyobedientservantsofrationality，andtodevelopoutdatedskillsininteractingwithoutdatedmachines.Weneedtohelpourchildrenlearnhowtobestworkwithsmartcomputerstoimprovehumandecision﹣making.（5）.Becauseifwearen't，wewon'tbeprovidingmuchvalueinfutureecosystems，andthatmayputinquestionthefoundationforourexistence.A.Sowemustaimtocomplementtherationalityofthemachine，ratherthantocompetewithit.B.Withcomputersconqueringwhatusedtobedeeplyhumantasks，whatwillitmeaninthefuturetobehuman？C.Wemustfaceourfearsifwewanttogetthemostoutoftechnologyandwemustconquerthosefearsifwewanttogetthebestoutofhumanity.D.Thisisagrandchallengeforourageanditmayrequirean"irrational"response.E.Butmostofallweneedtokeepthelong﹣termperspectiveinmind：thatevenifcomputerswilloutsmartus，wecanstillbethemostcreative.F.Itcan'tbeskillslikearithmetic，whichmachinesalreadyexcelin.G.ProfessorStephenHawkinghaswarnedthatthecreationofpowerfulartificialintelligencewillbe"eitherthebest，ortheworstthing，evertohappentohumanity".第四部分：书面表达（共两节，35分）第一节（15分）阅读下面短文，根据短文内容在答题卡相应题号后的横线上写下相关信息，完成对该问题的回答。18．（15分）LivingbytheRulesAlmosteverycommunityintherealworldhassomeformofrules.Acommunityisagroupofpeoplewhoareunitedbyanumberoffactors，includinggeography，language，andvaluesthatdictateacceptablebehavior.Sowhydowehaverules，andwhatmakespeoplefollowthem？Studieshavesuggestedthatthereasonwedon'tlikecheatingandrule﹣breakingisbecausefairnessisprogrammedintoourbrains.Tricomietal（2010）havefoundthatthebrainreactsinaparticularwaywhenwefeelwearebeingtreatedunfairly.Thestudyidentifiedareactioninaspecificpartofthebrainwhentestsubjectsweregivenlessmoneythanothers.Afairsituationmakesourbrainsrespondinwaysthatleadtofeelingsofcomfortandevenhappiness，butunfairnesscausesourbrainstorespondwithnegativefeelingssuchasangerandpain.Thestudyfoundthatthisalsohappenedwhensubjectssawotherpeoplebeingtreatedunfairly.Theyconcludedthatfairnessisabasichumanneedalongwithfoodandsocialcontact.Oursenseoffairnessdependsontheinfluencesinourculture，thesituationwearein，andourownself﹣interest.Ifwehaveafeelingoffairness，itmeansthatweconsiderdifferentpointsofview.Regardlessofthedisagreement，peoplealmostalwaysneedtocompromise.Butitcanbedifficulttoarriveatacompromisewhenthereareconflictinginterests.Thisiswhycommunitieshaverulesthateveryonemustfollow.Socialcontrolsareanimportantfactorinsettingandfollowingrules.Theyinfluencethewaywebehave，andcanbeinternalorexternal.Internalcontrolscomefromwithinandarebasedonourvaluesandfears.Mostofusdon'tsteal，forexample，becausewebelievethattheftiswrong.Externalcontrolsincluderewardsandpunishments.Theydonotcomefromwithinbutareimplementedbyanauthority.Rewardsaredesignedtoencouragepeopletoactintheinterestofthewholecommunity，whilepunishmentscanpreventpeoplefromactingagainstthecommunity'sbestinterests，regardlessoftheirvalues.Peopleneedtheircommunitiestofunctionsmoothly.Becauseofthis，humansmostoftenbehaveinorderlyandfairways.Iftherewerenorules，themajorityofpeoplewouldprobablycontinuetointeractpositively，likethesubjectsintheonlineavatarstudy.However，therewouldalwaysbeaminoritywhowouldnot，withseriousconsequences.Thisiswhyasocietywithoutrulesisunlikelytobecomearealityanytimesoon﹣atleastnotintherealworld.（1）Whatisthepassagemainlyabout？（2）Whydoresearchersbelievethatfairnessisabasichumanneed？（3）Whatisthedifferencebetweeninternalcontrolsandexternalcontrols？（4）Wouldyouliketoliveinacommunitywithnorules？Whyorwhynot？第二节（20分）19．（20分）假设你是红星中学高三学生李华，最近学校正在举行"垃圾分类齐参与，美好家园你我行"的系列宣传活动。请给你班交换生Jim写一封邮件，谈论这个话题。内容包括：1.介绍你身边垃圾分类的现状；2.说明你对垃圾分类的想法；3.希望对方给出建议。注意：1.词数不少于80；2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。提示词：垃圾分类：garbageclassificationDearJim，_____________________Yours，LiHua

2020-2021学年北京八十中高二（下）期中英语试卷参考答案与试题解析第一部分：听力理解（共三节，30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，共7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话你将听一遍。1．（1.5分）Whatdoesthemanwanttodrink？A．Tea．B．Coffee．C．Hotwater．【分析】略【解答】略【点评】略2．（1.5分）Whichcakedoesthemanorder？【分析】略【解答】略【点评】略3．（1.5分）Wherearethespeakers？A．Inthehotel．B．Inthecinema．C．Attheairport．【分析】略【解答】略【点评】略4．（1.5分）What'sthemanprobablydoing？A．Drivingacar．B．Readingamap．C．Lookingforagasstation．【分析】略【解答】略【点评】略5．（1.5分）Howdoesthemanfeelafterretirement？A．Lonely．B．Depressed．C．Relaxed．【分析】略【解答】略【点评】略第二节（共4小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）听下面4段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅读每小题。听完后，每小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白你将听两遍。6．（3分）（1）Whydoesthewomancalltheman？A．Toinvitehimtovisitherhouse．B．Toaskhimtohelpherwiththereport．C．Totellhimaboutherdelayfortheparty．（2）Whatwillthewomanfirstdoaftershefinishesherwork？A．Gohome．B．VisitLisa．C．Gototheparty．【分析】略【解答】略【点评】略7．（4.5分）（1）Whatareonthethirdlevel？A.Mapcollections.B.Magazines.C.Sciencebooks.（2）Howmanybookscanastudentborrowatmosteachtime？A.3.B.5.C.6.（3）Whenisthelibraryclosed？A.OnMonday.B.OnSaturday.C.OnSunday.【分析