小学英语四种基本句型-肯定句、否定句、一般疑问句与特殊疑问句

小学英语四种基本句型-肯定句、否定句、一般疑问句与特殊疑问句小学英语四种基本句型-肯定句、否定句、一般疑问句与特殊疑问句27/27第27页，共27页小学英语四种基本句型-肯定句、否定句、一般疑问句与特殊疑问句小学英语四种基本句型-肯定句、否定句、一般疑问句与特殊疑问句肯定句、否定句、一般疑问句和特殊疑问句的详解一、肯定句、否定句、一般疑问句和特殊疑问句定义1．肯定句：表示肯定的意思,即不含有否定词“不”。我是一个学生Iamastudent.他去上学Hegoestoschool.2．否定句：表示否定的意思。我不是一个男孩。Iamnotaboy他不去上学Hedoesnotgotoschool.3.一般疑问句：回答为“是yes”或者“否no”的问句。你是一个学生吗？Areyouastudent?你喜欢英语吗？DoyoulikeEnglish?4.特殊疑问句：回答不是“是yes”或者“否no”的问句，根据提问内容具体回答。现在几点了？What’sthetime?哪一支笔是你的？Whichisyourpen?二、肯定句、否定句、一般疑问句和特殊疑问句的相互转换有am,is,are的句子肯定句变否定句：在am,is,are后面加上not,其余按顺序照抄。肯定句变一般疑问句：把am,is,are提前放到句首并大写Am,Is,Are,其余照抄。肯定句变特殊疑问句（就划线部分提问）：分3步骤第一步：先变一般疑问句第二步：找合适的特殊疑问词代替划线部分（划线部分不能在特殊疑问句中出现）第三步：特殊疑问词提前放到句首，并大写，其余按顺序照抄，省略划线部分。肯定句、否定句和一般疑问句的互换肯定句：Thisisabook.否定句：Thisisnotabook.一般疑问句：Isthisabook?肯定回答：Yes,itis.否定回答：No,itisn’t.就划线部分提问(变特殊疑问句)Thisisabook.第一步：变一般疑问句Isthisabook?第二步：找合适的特殊疑问词Isthiswhat?第三步：特殊疑问词提前放到句首，并大写，其余按顺序照抄，省略划线部分。Whatisthis?没有am,is,are的句子肯定句变否定句：在主语后面加上donot或者doesnot,其余按顺序照抄动词用原形肯定句变一般疑问句：在句首加do或者does并大写,其余照抄。注意：动词用原形肯定句变特殊疑问句（就划线部分提问）：分3步骤第一步：先变一般疑问句第二步：找合适的特殊疑问词代替划线部分（划线部分不能在特殊疑问句中出现）第三步：特殊疑问词提前放到句首，并大写，其余按顺序照抄，省略划线部分。1.肯定句、否定句和一般疑问句的互换非单三时用do,单三时用does非单三肯定句：IlikeEnglish.一般疑问句：DoyoulikeEnglish?否定句：IdonotlikeEnglish.单三肯定句：HelikesEnglish.一般疑问句：DoeshelikeEnglish?否定句：HedoesnotlikeEnglish.2.就划线部分提问(变特殊疑问句)IlikeEnglish.第一步：先变一般疑问句DoyoulikeEnglish?第二步：找合适的特殊疑问词代替划线部分Doyoulikewhat?第三步：特殊疑问词提前放到句首，并大写，其余按顺序照抄，省略划线部分。Whatdoyoulike?常用特殊疑问词及词组：when什么时间（问时间）whatdate什么日期问具体日期who谁（问人）whatplace什么地点问具体地址whose谁的问主人how…怎么样问情况where在哪里问地点howold多大问年龄which哪一个问选择howmany多少问数量why为什么问原因howmuch多少问价钱what什么问东西howabout…怎么样问意见whattime什么时间问时间howfar多远问路程whatcolour什么颜色问颜色howlong多长问时间whatabout…怎么样问意见Howsoon多快，多久问时间whatday星期几问星期Howoften多久问频率三．句子的种类类别用法标点例句陈述句肯定叙述一件事情或说明说话人的看法

.Thisisabag.That'smybook.否定Icanseeabagoverthere.Idon'tknow.疑问句一般用于提出问题?Areyouastudent?Doyoulikepuppets?CanyouspeakEnglish?特殊用于提出问题?What'syourname?Where'smybag?Howmanytreesarethere?用于提出问题?选择Isyourfriendaboyoragirl?反意用于提出问题?It'safineday,isn'tit?祈使句表示命令或请求、建议.或！Putithere!Lookatthenoticeboard.感叹句表示惊讶\赞美\愤怒等强烈情感！Howsmart!Gladtoseeyou!Whatanicepencilcase!特殊：1.some变为anyTherearesomebirdsinthetree.→Therearen'tanybirdsinthetree.但是，若在表示请邀请、请求的句子中，some可以不变。Wouldyoulikesomeorangejuice?与此相关的一些不定代词如something,somebody等也要进行相应变化。2.and变为orIhaveaknifeandaruler.→Idon'thaveaknifeoraruler.3.alotof(=lotsof)变为many或muchTheyhavealotoffriends.（可数名词）→Theydon'thavemanyfriends.Thereislotsoforangeinthebottle.（不可数名词）→Thereisn'tmuchorangeinthebottle.4.already变为yetIhavebeentherealready.→Ihaven'tbeenthereyet.熟记变特殊疑问句时，容易判断错的情况。数词表示年龄：Heisfifty-five.Howoldishe?表示时间：It’sfifty-five.What’sthetime?表示加法：Sixandtwoiseight.What’ssixandtwo?表示价格：Theshirtisthirtyyuan.Howmuchistheshirt?表示多少：Ihavethreebrothers.Howmanybrothersdoyouhave?姓名和人表示人名：MynameisGina.What’syourname?表示人：ThewomanisGina.Whoisthewoman?长度和距离表示距离：It’sfivehundredmetresawayfromhere.Howfarisitfromhere?表示长度：It’sfivehundredmetres.Howlongisit?颜色，东西表示颜色：Theshoesarewhite.Whatcoloraretheshoes?表示物：Theyarewhitesheep.Whatarethey?表示颜色：Theyarewhitesheep.Whatcolorarethesesheep?名词所有格和人表示名词所有格：She’sLucy’ssister.Whosesisterisshe?表示人：She’sLucy’ssister.Whoisshe?练一练1(用特殊疑问词填空)：1、A:_______istheboyinblue?

B:He’sMike.2、A:_______walletisit?

B:It’smine.3、A:_______isthediary?

B:It’sunderthechair.4、A:_______istheChirstmasDay?

B:It’sonthe25thofDecember.5、A:_______aretheearphones?

B:Theyare25yuan.6、A:_______isthehairdryer?

B:It’sblue.7、A:_______isittoday?

B:It’sSunday.8、A:_______wasityesterday?

B:Itwasthe13thofOctober.9、A:_______thisredone?

B:It’sbeautiful.10、A:_______isitfromhere?

B:It’sabouttwokilometresaway.11、A:CanIhavesomepaperandsomecrayons?B:_______?

A:Iwanttomakeakite.12、A:_______oneisfatter,theblueoneortheredone?

B:Theblueone.13、A:_______isyourcousin?

B:He’s15yearsold.14、A:_______doyouhavedinner?

B:At6o’clock练一练2：It’sabook.(改一般疑问句)Myfatherisinthestudy.(对划线部分提问)3、

DoyouwatchTVeverySunday?(做肯定回答)4、

Thispictureisverybeautiful.（改为以what引导的感叹句）5、

Kicktheballtome!(改为否定句)6、

Ihaveabigpresent.（对划线部分提问）7、

Therearesomeorangetreesonthefarm.(改为单数句子)练一练3：1._______________isthis?It’sarubber.2.____________rubbersarethereinthepencilbox?3.____________isyourbrother?He’snine.4.________arethey?Theyarecows.5._______areyou?I’mfine.6._______doyoufeel?Wearehappy.7.________isyourfather?Heisadentist.8.________doeshegotoschool?Hegoestoschoolbybus.9.________aretheducks?Theyareontheriver.10.______ishisname?HeisMartin.11._______________newbookshaveyougot?Five.12._______________isthetree?It’sgreen.13._______coatsarethese?Mary’s.14._______isonthedesk?Thereisaglass.15.______________isthisbook?It’sveryinteresting.练一练4（对画线部分提问）：Theyboughtanewbikeyesterday.____________________________________________________Sheisanurse.____________________________________________________Sheismyteacher.____________________________________________________Heboughttheredone.____________________________________________________Itismycoat.____________________________________________________Iamlookingformysister.____________________________________________________Igetupatsix.____________________________________________________IamfromHubei.____________________________________________________IwenttoschoollatebecauseIgotuplate.____________________________________________________10.Itiswindy._____________________________________________________11.Iamgettingonwellwithit._____________________________________________________12.Mybagisred.______________________________________________________13.ThebookisLiHua’s.______________________________________________________14.Ilikemathbest.______________________________________________________15.Theyarefiveyuan.______________________________________________________16.Iwashittwiceaweek.______________________________________________________17.Hewillbebackinfourdays.______________________________________________________18.Ididn’tcometoclassyesterdaybecauseIwasill.______________________________________________________练一练5：选择题()19.Excuseme______isthenearestbookshop?Godownthestreetandturnleftatthesecondcorner?A.howB.whatC.whereD.who()20.______isatickerforthefilmHackerHe?Aboutfortyyuan.A.HowoldB.HowmanyC.HowmuchD.Howoften()21.—______areyougoing?—I’mgoingtothelibrary.A.WhoB.WhichC.WhatD.Where()22.It’sanicecar.______haveyoubeeninit?JusttoShanghai.A.HowmuchB.HowsoonC.HowlongD.Howfar()23.______?It’seight.A.WhatdayisitB.What’sfiveandthreeC.HowoldareyouD.What’syourtelephonenumber()24.—______?—I’vegotaheadacheandacough.A.What’syourtroubleB.What’swrongwithitC.CanIhelpyouD.Howareyou()25.______teadidyouhave?Twocups.A.HowmanyB.HowmuchC.HowsoonD.Which()26.______shallwemeetinthepark?Whatabouthalfpasteight?A.WhatB.WhenC.WhereD.,Which()27.______ayeardoesyourschoolhavesportsmeetings?Twiceayear.A.HowoftenB.HowsoonC.HowlongD.Howmanytimes()28.______?Theonebehindthetree.A.WhosegirlB.Who’sthatgirlC.WhichgirlD.Where’sthegirl()29.______areyougoingtobeinthefuture?Iwanttobeaperson_____-YangLiwei.A.How,likeB.How,asC.What,likeD.What,as()30.______willyourfatherbeback?.AHowlongBhowoftenCHowsoonDHowwide练一练6（就划线部分提问）：31．Heoftenhaslunchinthefactory．

heoften

lunch？32．Theywillcomebackinamonth．

willtheycomeback？33．HehurthisleglastSunday．

hehurthisleg？34．Igotupatsixthismorning．

you

upthismorning？35．TheyweredrawingahorsewhenIcamein．

they

whenIcamein？36．Ididn'tgotoschoolbecauseIhadabadcold．

yougotoschool？37．You'dbettertaketheNo．3bus．

bus

Ibettertake？38．He'sfeelingwell．

hefeeling？39．Thegirlinaredcoatismysister．

isyoursister？40．HecomestoChinaonceayear．

he

toChina？41.Hegoestoseehisgrandma(twiceaweek).(对括号部分提问)_________________________________________________?42.Myfathergoestoworkbycar.(改为特殊疑问句)__________________________________________________?43.Ittake(15minutes)foraferrytocrosstheriver.(对括号部分提问)__________________________________________________?44.Youcandial(110)tocallthepolice.(对括号部分提问)_______________canyoudialtocallthepolice45.Tedputhisbaginthedesk.(改为特殊疑问句)___________Ted_____inthedesk?46.Thestudents(wentcamping)lastweek.(对括号部分提问)_________________________________________________?47.Diogenescamefrom(Greece).(对括号部分提问)__________Diogenes_____________?48.Thewaytokeepfitis(toeatfoodandtakemornexercise).(对括号部分提问)______________thewayto______________?49.Welanded(onanunexploredplanet).(对括号部分提问)_____________youland?练一练7（单项选择题）：

(

)1.Howareyou?

A.Fine,thanks.

B.Yes,itis.

C.Howareyou?

(

)2.Nicetomeetyou!

A.Fine,thankyou.

B.OK.

C.Nicetomeetyou,too!

(

)3.Howdoyougotoschool?

A.IgotoCanadabyplane.B.Igotoschoolbybike.

C.Whataboutyou?

(

)4.HowdoyougototheUSA?

A.Iusuallygotoschoolbybus.B.IgotoEnglandbyship.

C.Igobyplane.

(

)5.

?

Myhomeisnearthepostoffice.

A.Whereisyourhome?B.OK.

C.Seeyouthen!

(

)6.Seeyouat2o’clock.

A.Seeyouthen!

B.Thefifthfloor.

C.It’seasy.

(

)7.

?

YoucangobytheNo.15bus.

A.It’snotfar.

B.HowcanIgettoZhongshanPark?

C.Sure.

(

)8.Whereisthehospital?

A.Nexttothecinema.

B.Thankyou.

C.You’rewelcome.

(

)9.Excuseme,isthereacinemanearhere?

A.Yes,thereis.

B.No,it’snotfar.

C.It’snearthepostoffice.

(

)10.

?

It’snearthepostoffice.

A.Yes,thereis.

B.No,it’snotfar.

C.Whereisthelibrary?

(

)11.

?

It’snexttothehospital.

A.Whereisthecinema,please?

B.Isitfar?

C.