大学英语六级考试模拟试卷及答案

大学英语六级考试模拟试卷（六）PartIwriting(30minutes)注意：此部分试题在答题卡1上。PartⅡReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(15minutes)Directions:Inthispartyouwillhave15minutestogooverthepassagequicklyandanswerthequestionsonAnswerSheet1.ForquestionschoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).Forquestions8-10,completethesentenceswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage.ExerciseWhenyouexerciseorcompeteinsports,younoticeseveralthingsaboutyoubody.Youbreatheheavierandfaster,yourheartbeatsfaster,yourmuscleshurtandyousweat.Theseareallnormalresponsestoexercisewhetheryouworkoutregularlyoronlyonceinawhileorwhetheryouarea“weekendwarrior”oratrainedathlete.Whenyouwatchworld-classathletescompete,youseethesameresponses,onlymagnified.Thebodyhasanincrediblycomplexsetofprocessestomeetthedemandsofworkingmuscles.Everysysteminthebodyisinvolved.YourBody’sResponsetoExerciseAnytypeofexerciseusesyourmuscles.Running,swimming,weightlifting—anysportyoucanimagine—usesdifferentmusclegroupstogeneratemotion.Inrunningandswimming,yourmusclesareworkingtoaccelerateyourbodyandkeepitmoving.Inweightlifting,yourmusclesareworkingtomoveaweight.Exercisemeansmuscleactivity!Asyouuseyourmuscles,theybegintomakedemandsontherestofthebody.Instrenuousexercise,justabouteverysysteminyourbodyeitherfocusesitseffortonhelpingthemusclesdotheirwork,oritshutsdown.Forexample,yourheartbeatsfasterduringstrenuousexercisesothatitcanpumpmorebloodtothemuscles,andyourstomachshutsdownduringstrenuousexercisesothatitdoesnotwasteenergythatthemusclescanuse.Whenyouexercise,yourmusclesactsomethinglikeelectricmotors.Yourmusclestakeinasourceofenergyandtheyuseittogenerateforce.Anelectricmotoruseselectricitytosupplyitsenergy.Yourmusclesarebiochemicalmotors,andtheyuseachemicalcalledadenosinetriphosphate(ATP三磷酸腺苷)fortheirenergysource.Duringtheprocessof“burning”ATP,yourmusclesneedthreethings:·Theyneedoxygen,becausechemicalreactionsrequireATPandoxygenisconsumedtoproduceATP.·Theyneedtoeliminatemetabolic(新陈代谢的)wastesthatthechemicalreactionsgenerate,e.g.,carbondioxide.·Theyneedtogetridofheat.Justlikeanelectricmotor,aworkingmusclegeneratesheatthatitneedstogetridof.Inordertocontinueexercising,yourmusclesmustcontinuouslymakeATP.Tomakethishappen,yourbodymustsupplyoxygentothemusclesandeliminatethewasteproductsandheat.Themorestrenuoustheexercise,thegreaterthedemandsofworkingmuscles.Iftheseneedsarenotmet,thenexercisewillcease—thatis,youbecomeexhaustedandyouwon’tbeabletokeepgoing.Tomeettheneedsofworkingmuscles,thebodyhasacombinedresponseinvolvingtheheart,bloodvessels,nervoussystem,lungs,liverandskin.Itreallyisanamazingsystem!MusclesandOxygenIfyouaregoingtobeexercisingformorethanacoupleofminutes,yourbodyneedstogetoxy—gentothemusclesorthemuscleswillstopworking.Justhowmuchoxygenyourmuscleswillusedependsontwoprocesses:gettingbloodtothemusclesandextractingoxygenfromthebloodintothemuscletissue.Yourworkingmusclescantakeoxygenoutofthebloodthreetimesaswellasyourrestingmuscles.Yourbodyhasseveralwaystoincreasetheflowofoxygen-richbloodtotheworkingmuscle:·increasedlocalbloodflowtotheworkingmuscle·diversionofbloodflowfromnonessentialorganstotheworkingmuscle·increasedflowofbloodfromtheheart·increasedrateanddepthofbreathing·increasedunloadingofoxygenfromhemoglobin(血色素)intheworkingmuscleThesemechanismscanincreasethebloodflowtoyourworkingmusclebyalmostfivetimes.Thatmeansthattheamountofoxygenavailabletotheworkingmusclecanbeincreasedbyalmost15times!ExerciseandIncreasedBloodFlowMakingthepipeBiggerAsyouexercise,thebloodvesselsinyourmusclesexpandandthebloodflowisgreater.Yourbodyhasaninterestingwayofmakingthosevesselsexpand.AsATPgetsusedupintheworkingmuscle,themuscleproducesseveralmetabolicbyproducts.Thesebyproductsleavethemusclecellsandcausethecapillaries(small,thin-walledbloodvessels)withinthemuscletoexpand(vasodilation血管舒张).Theincreasedbloodflowdeliversmoreoxygenated(氧化的)bloodtotheworkingmuscle.TakingBloodfromtheOrgans Whenyoubegintoexercise,aremarkablediversionhappens.Bloodthatwouldhavegonetothestomachorthekidneysgoesinsteadtothemuscles,andthewaythathappensshowshowthebody’sprocessescansometimesoverrideoneanother.Asyourmusclesbegintowork,thesympathetic(交感)nervoussystem,apartoftheautomaticorautonomicnervoussystem(thatis,thebrainstemandspinalcord)stimulatesthenervestotheheartandbloodvessels.Thisnervousstimulationcausesthosebloodvesselstocontractvasoconstriction(血管收缩). Thisvasoconstrictionreducesbloodflowtotissues.Yourmusclesalsogetthecommandforvasoconstriction,butthemetabolicbyproductsproducedwithinthemuscleoverridethiscommandandcausevasodilation,aswediscussedabove.Becausetherestofthebodygetsthemessagetocontractthebloodvesselsandthemusclesexpandtheirbloodvessels,bloodvessels,bloodflowfromnonessentialorgans(forexample,stomachandkidney)isdivertedtotheworkingmuscle.Thishelpsincreasethedeliveryofoxygenatedbloodtotheworkingmusclefurther.ExercisingtheHeartandLungsMakingtheHeartPumpHarder Yourheart,alsoamuscle,getsapracticeduringexercise,too,anditsjabistogetmorebloodouttothebody’shard-workingmuscles.Theheart’sbloodflowincreasesbyaboutfourorfivetimesfromthatofitsrestingstate.Yourbodydoesthisbyincreasingtherateofyourheartbeatandtheamountofbloodthatcomesthroughtheheartandgoesouttotherestofthebody.Therateofbloodpumpedbytheheart(cardiacoutput)isaproductoftherateatwhichtheheartbeats(heartrate)andthevolumeofbloodthattheheartejectswitheachbeat(strokevolume).Inarestingheart,thecardiacoutputisabout5litersaminute(0.07L×70beats/min=4.9L/min).Asyoubegintoexercise,sympatheticnervesstimulatethehearttobeatwithmoreforceandfaster;theheartratecanincreaseaboutthreefold.Also,thesympatheticnervestimulationtothevesselscausesthemtocontract.BreathingFasterandDeeper Yourlungsandtherestofyourbreathingsystemneedtoprovidemoreoxygenfortheblood,too.Therateanddepthofyourbreathingwillincreasebecauseoftheseevents:·Sympatheticnervesstimulatetherespiratorymusclestoincreasetherateofbreathing.·Metabolicbyproductsfrommusclesinthebloodstimulatetherespiratorycentersinthebrainstem,which,inturn,furtherstimulatestherespiratorymuscles.·Slightlyhigherbloodpressure,causedbytheincreasedforceofeachheartbeatandbytheelevatedcardiacoutput,opensbloodflowtomoreairchambersinlungs.DietandExercise Youcanhelpyourbodytoexercisebetterbyeatingtherightfoods.Themajorfuelsforourmetabolismusedareglucose(葡萄糖)andglycogen(糖原).So,ifyouwanttodowell,whetheryouarecompetingofjustexercisingforwell-being,youshouldtrytoincreasethestoresofglycogeninyouliverandyourmuscles.Athleteseatsolid,high-sugardietsthenightbeforecompetition,andliquid,high-glucosedietsinthemorningbeforecompetition.Sportsdrinkscontainingglucosearegoodtodrinkduringcompetitiontoreplacefluidandhelptomaintainbloodglucoselevels.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。1.World-classathletesincompetitionstendto.A)appearmorecalmtofaceunexpectedsituationsB)behavewithmoreconfidencethantheirrivalsC)concentratemoreontheenvironmentandregulationsD)breatheheavierandfasterthanaveragepeople2.Whathappenswhenpeopletakepartinanysortofexercise?A)Theirnervoussystembecomesastenseaspossible.B)Theirmusclegroupsareinvolvedtogeneratemotion.C)Everypartoftheirbodyworksbesttohelptheirmuscles.D)Theirbreathtendstobeincreasinglyuneven.3.What’sthefunctionofATP?A)It’stheenergysourceformusclesinmotion.B)Itprovidesthemajororganswithoxygen.C)Ithelpsrelievethetensionofthenerves.D)Itreducestheathletes’bodytemperature.4.Athleteswillbewornoutiftheirmusclesfailto.A)takeinenoughliquid B)berelaxedregularlyC)removetheextraheat D)getproperrestbeforeexercise5.Whatisoneofthetwoprocessesthatdecidehowmuchoxygenone’smuscleswilluse?A)Oxygenabsorptionbythebloodvessel.B)Freshairenteringandleavingthelungs.C)Extractionofoxygenfromthebloodintothemuscletissue.D)Transportationofbloodtotheheartandotherorgans.6.Howmuchcantheamountofoxygensuppliedtotheworkingmusclebeincreased?A)Morethandoubled. B)Byalmost5times.C)Byabout10times. D)Bynearly15times.7.Whatwillhappentothebloodvesselswhenstimulatedbythesympatheticnervoussystem?A)Theywillexpand. B)Theywillcontract.C)Theywillquiver. D)Theywillbreak.8.Whenweareexercising,outheartisresponsiblefortotheworkingmuscles.9.Outbloodpressuretendstobealittlehigherwhenweareexercising,inordertoexposeourbloodflowto.10.Athletesshouldeatfoodrichinforsupperandbreakfastrespectivelybeforecompetition.PartⅢListeningComprehension(35minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,youwillhear8shortconversationsand2longconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,oneormorequestionswillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustreadthefourmustreadthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD),anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。11.A)Thespeakersfeelsadabouttheseriouslossoflife.B)Thewomannevertravelsbyplane.C)Bothspeakersfeelnervouswhenflying.D)Themanthinkstravelingbyairisquitesafe.12.A)Attheinformationdesk. B)Inanoffice.C)Inarestaurant. D)Atarailwaystation.13.A)HisEnglishisstillpooraftertenyearsinAmerica.B)Hedoesn’tmindspeakingEnglishwithanaccent.C)Hedoesn’tlikethewayAmericansspeak.D)HespeaksEnglishasifhewereanativespeaker.14.A)Itgivesa30%discounttoallcustomers.B)ItisrunbyMrs.Winter’shusband.C)IthiresMrs.Winterasanadviser.D)Itencourageshusbandstoshopontheirown.15.A)He’salreadybeenpickedup. B)He’sdelayedattheairport.C)He’llbestandingoutside. D)He’llbeeasytorecognize.16.A)Hedoesn’tlikethenewspaperjob. B)Heisn’tenthusiasticabouthispromotion.C)Hewillleavehisjobifhe’snotpromoted D)Hewilltakethejobifhe’spaidhigher.17.A)Anautomechanic. B)Anelectrician.C)Acarpenter. D)Atelephonerepairman.18.A)Theybothenjoyedwatchingthegame.B)Themanthoughttheresultswerebeyondtheirexpectations.C)Theybothfeltgoodabouttheresultsofthegame.D)Peopleweresurprisedattheirwinningthegame.Questions19to21arebasedontheconversationyouhavejusthead.19.A)Becausethere’rebeautifulbeachesinSouthernCalifornia.B)Becausethere’salotofraininherhometown.C)BecausepeopleinSouthernCaliforniaareallfriendly.D)Becauseshelikestobeindependentofherparents.20.A)Arrogant. B)Hospitable. C)Hostile. D)Indifferent.21.A)Themanistreatingthewomantoameal.B)Theyaredoingshoppinginasupermarket.C)Theyareheadinghomefromschool.D)Theyaregoingtovisitafriend.Questions22to25arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.22.A)Ontheexpressway. B)Infrontofthehouse.C)Atthepostoffice. D)Intheparkinglotatthestore.23.A)Shewreckedherfather’scar.B)Shedoesn’thavemoneytorepairthecar.C)Sheisafraidofherdad’spunishment.D)Shewon’thaveacartodriveovertheweekend.24.A)Heofferstohelppayfortherepairs.B)Hevolunteerstodriveherwheresheneedstogo.C)Hesuggestssheinvitefriendsovertoeat.D)Hewouldliketoborrowhisfriend’scarforher.25.A)Thegirldecidestogocampingthefollowingweekinstead.B)Thegirlinvitesfriendsoverinsteadforapizzaparty.C)Thefatherreluctantlyloanshiscar.D)Thefatherhasthecarrepairedassoonaspossible.SectionBDirections:Inthissection,youwillhear3shortpassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearsomequestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。PassageOneQuestions26to28arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.26.A)Becausethemechanicrepairedthecarwithoutchecking.B)Becausethemechanicspottedtheproblemwithhisears.C)Becausethecarwasseriouslydamagedinanaccident.D)Becausethecarenginewasreplacedinafewminutes.27.A)Sellinganddeliveringone’soriginalideas.B)Acquiringmoreknowledgeonthenewtechnology.C)Followingtheadviceofbusinessconsultants.D)Combiningaccounting,investing,marketingandlaw.28.A)McDonald’shamburgersareofgreatervariety.B)Thosepeoplearenotspecializedinfastfoodindustry.C)McDonald’shasastrongersenseofbusiness.D)Thosepeopleemphasizequalitymorethanquantity.PassageTwoQuestions29to31arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.29.A)Onesixthofthemareseriouslypolluted. B)Onethirdofthemareseriouslypolluted.C)Halfofthemareseriouslypolluted. D)Mostofthemareseriouslypolluted.30.A)Therewasnogarbagelefttocleanup.B)Therewasmoregarbagethanbeforeandtheyhadtoworkharder.C)Theriverhadbecomesocleanthatalotofwaterbirdscameback.D)Theriverwasmuchcleanerandtheyhadtosearchforgarbage.31.A)Mostofthemwouldbeindifferentandkeeponthrouinggarbageintotheriver.B)Theywouldjointhestudentsinchangingthesituation.C)Theywouldbecomemoreauareofthepollutionproblem.D)Theywouldthinktwicebeforetheywentswimmingorfishingintheriver.PassageThreeQuestions32to35arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.32.A)Whypeopleholdbacktheirtears. B)Whypeoplecry.C)Howtorestrainone’stears. D)Howtearsareproduced.33.A)Onlyhumansrespondtoemotionsbysheddingtears.B)Onlyhumansshedtearstogetridofirritatingstuffintheireyes.C)Onlyhumantearscanresisttheinvadingbacteria.D)Onlyhumantearscandischargecertainchemicals.34.A)Whatchemicalstearsarecomposedof.B)Whethercryingreallyhelpsusfeelbetter.C)Whysomepeopletendtocrymoreoftenthanothers.D)Howtearshelppeoplecopewithemotionalproblems.35.A)Onlyoneoutoffourgirlscrieslessoftenthanboys.B)Offourboys,onlyonecriesveryoften.C)Girlscryfourtimesasoftenasboys.D)Onlyoneoutoffourbabiesdoesn’tcryoften.SectionCDirections：Inthissection,youwillhearapassagethreetimes.Whenthepassageisreadforthefirsttime,youshouldlistencarefullyforitsgeneralidea.Whenthepassageisreadforthesecondtime,youarerequiredtofillintheblanksnumberedfrom36to43withtheexactwordsyouhavejustheard.Forblanksnumberedfrom44or46youarerequiredtofillinthemissinginformation.Fortheseblanks,youcaneitherusetheexactwordsyouhavejustheardorwritedownthemainpointsinyourownwords.Finally,whenthepassageisreadforthethirdtime,youshouldcheckwhatyouhavewritten.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。 TheorangetowersoftheGoldenGateBridgearevisiblefromalmosteverypointofelevationinSanFrancisco.Theonlycleft(裂缝)inNorthernCalifornia’s600-milecontinentalwall,foryearsthismile-wide(36)wasconsideredunbridgeable.Asmuchanarchitecturalasanengineering(37),theGoldenGatetookonly52monthstodesignandbuild,andwasopenedin1937.DesignedbyJosephStrauss,itwasthefirstreallymassive(38)bridge,withaspanof4200ft,anduntil1959(39)astheworld’slongest.ItconnectsthecityatitsnorthwesterlypointonthepeninsulatoMarinCountyandNorthernCalifornia,(40) Youcaneitherdriveorwalkacross.Thedriveisthemore(43)ofthetwooptionsasyouraceunderthebridge’stowers,but(44)behindyouandtheheadlandsofNorthernCaliforniastraightahead.Pauseatthemidwaypointandconsiderthesevenorsosuicidesamonthwhochoosethisspot,260ftup,astheirjumping-offspot.(45).In1995,whenthesuicidetollfromthebridgehadreachedalmost1,000,(46).PartⅣReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)(25minutes)SectionADirections：inthissection,thereisashortpassagewith5questionsorincompletestatements.Readthepassagecarefully.ThenanswerthequestionsorcompletethestatementsinthefewestpossiblewordsonAnswerSheet2.Questions47to51arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Informationistheprimarycommodityinmoreandmoreindustriestoday. By2010,85%ofAmericanmanagementpersonnelwillbeknowledgeworkersEuropeandJapanarenotfarbehind. By2010,morethanhalfofallknowledgeworkers(22%ofthelaborforce)willchoose“flextime,flexplace”arrangements,whichallowthemtoworkathome,communicatingwiththeofficeviacomputernetworks. IntheUnitedStates,theso-called“digitaldivide”seemstobedisappearing.Inearly2000,apollfound,that,wherehalfofwhitehouseholdsownedcomputers,sodidfully43%ofAfrican-Americanhouseholds,andtheirnumbersweregrowingrapidly.Hispanichouseholdscontinuedtolagbehind,buttheirrateofcomputerownershipwasexpandingaswell. Company-ownedandindustry-widetelevisionnetworksarebringingprogrammingtothousandsoflocations.BusinessTVisbecomingbigbusiness.Computercompetencewillapproach100%inUSurbanareasbytheyear2010,withEuropeandJapannotfarbehind.89%ofUShomeswillhavecomputersin2010,comparedwithroughly75%heUnitedStates,5ofthe10fastest—growingcareersbetweennowand2010willbecomputerrelated.Demandforprogrammersandsystemsanalystswillgrowby70%.ThesametrendisacceleratinginEurope,Japan,andIndia. By2010,nearlyallcollegetextsandmanyhighschoolandjuniorhighbookswillbetiedtotheInternetsitesthatprovidesourcematerial,studyexercises,andrelevantnewsarticlestoaidinlearning.OtherswillcomewithCD-ROMsthatoffersimilarresources.Internetlinkswillprovideaccesstothecardcataloguesofallthemajorlibrariesintheworldby2010.ItwillbepossibletocalluponaPCscreenmillionsofvolumesfromdistantlibraries.Websitesenhancebooksbyprovidingpictures,sound,filmclips,andflexibleindexingandsearchutilities. Implications:AnyonewithaccesstotheInternetwillbeabletoachievetheeducationneededtobuildaproductivelifeinanincreasinglyhigh-techworld.ComputerlearningmayevenreducethegrowingAmericanprisonpopulation.Knowledgeworkersaregenerallybetterpaidthanless-skilledworkers.Theirwealthisraisingoverallprosperity.Evenentry-levelworkersandthoseinformerlyunskilledpositionsrequireagrowinglevelofeducation.Foragoodcareerinalmostanyfield,computercompetenceisamust.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。47.Accordingtothepassage,isexpectedtohaveimpactonmanagementpersonnelinmanypartsoftheworld.48.“Digitaldivide”inthe4thparagraphrefersto.49.Accordingtothepassage,whatkindofjobapplicantswouldbemostfavoredbefore2010inAmerica,Europe,Japan,andIndia?50.Accordingtothepassage,whatmayexertagreatimpactupontheeducationby2010?51.Attheendofthepassage,theauthorreemphasizesitisessentialthatalmosteveryone.SectionBDirections：Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B)C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.PassageOneQuestions52to56arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Thedemandsofafull-timejobareincreasinglydifficulttoreconcilewithraisingafamilyinprosperousWesternEurope,andasaresultmanywomenaredelayingmotherhoodorturningawayfromhavingafamilyaltogether.Fathersfortheirpartareoftenresentfulthattheyhavebecomethesolebreadwinnersafterthebirthofachild.Politicianshavelongvoicedconcernatthesteepdeclineinbirthrates,andnowindustryisbeginningtobecomealarmedatthelackofskilledpersonnel.JonasFehlisoneoftheLuckyones.Forthepastsixmonthshehasbeenabletoworkparttime.“Ididnotwanttobeinthepositionofaweekendfather,”hesays.Andheisnotworriedthatoptingforpart-timeworkwillhurthiscareer.Hiscompanyhasalongtraditionofemployingpart-timeandtele-workers.Thecompanyalsoallowsitsemployeestochoosetheirworkinghours,aslongastheyfitinwithcompanyneeds.“Ourpolicyonflexibleworkingmeansmostparentscansolvedifficultiesovercaringfortheirchildren,”saysthemarketingdirector.Itdoes,however,occurthatchildrenarebroughtintothecompanyofficesfromtimetotime.Ifthemotherorfatherhasanimportantappointmentwithaclient,thereisalwayssomeoneelsetolookaftertheirchildinthemeantime.MembersofstaffattheCommerzbankinFrankfurthavelongbeenabletofallbackonanemergencyservicesetuptolookafterchildren.Iftheirusualbabysitterisill,parentscanleavetheirchildrenwithchildcarersemployedbythebank,oneofGermany’slargest.“Thecostsarelowerthanthoseincurred,iftheparentsstayaway,”saysBarbaraDavid,whoworksinthebank’scentralpersonneldepartment.Thiskindofservicenotonlyimprovesstaffmotivationandreducesabsenteeism(缺勤),butalsoimprovesefficiency.“Parentswhoareworriedaboutwhethertheirchildrenarebeingproperlylookedaftercanoftennotconcentrateontheirwork,”Davidsays.Butexpertsagreethatmanywomenhavedifficultyinreturningtowork.Maintainingcontactwiththeofficewhilelookingafterasmallbabyishard.Thereisagenerallackofopportunitiesinpart-timeandtele-workingorinworkingonasingleproject.Commerzbankhasforyearsruncompanyworkshopstopromotere-entry.Commerzbank,likeothercompanies,aimstomakethingseasierparticularlyfortheparentsofveryyoungbabiesbyprovidingcrèche(托儿所)facilities.Davidacknowledgesthemeasuresusuallyconcentrateonthemothers.“Butatthemomentwearesurveyingthefathersabouttheirneedsandwhatneedstobedone.“Andsheadmitsthattheideaoffathersworkingparttimestillraiseseyebrows.“Wehavealotofworkaheadinthisregard,”Davidsays.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡２上作答。52.Accordingtothispassage,thelackofskilledpersonnelinitiallyresultsfrom.A)women’sunwillingnesstogivebirthtobabiesB)men’sresentmenttobeingtheonlybreadwinnerofafamilyC)insufficientprofessionaltrainingofyoungpeopleD)thedifficultytostrikeabalancebetweenafull-timejobandfamily53.JonasFehlisluckyinthat.A)hiswifeoftenhasimportantbusinessappointmentsB)hiscompanyemploysapart-timebaby-sitterforhimC)hiscompanyoffersflexibleworkinghoursD)heneedn’tworkontheweekendasfather54.What’sthemainreasonfortheCommerzbankinFrankfurttoofferemergencyservicetotheiremployees?A)Thecostsofchildcareinthisbankislowerthanthoseoftheusualbabysitter.B)Thecostsofchildcareinthisbankislowerthanthosecausedbytheabsenceoftheemployees.C)Withouttheemergencyservicetheemployeesareoftenabsent.D)Withouttheemergencyservicetheemployeescannotoftenconcentrateontheirwork.55.WhichofthefollowingmeasurestheCommerzbanktakestohelpitsemployeesreturntoworkisnotverypopularyet?A)Settingupre-entryworkshops. B)Providingkindergartensforbabies.C)Surveyingtheneedsoffathers. D)Persuadingfatherstoworkparttime.56.Whatcanbeinferredfromthispassage?A)ChildcareiscausinggreatconcerninWesternEurope.B)BirthcontrolisimplementedstrictlyinWesternEurope.C)Mostwomenwouldsacrificetheirfamilytokeeptheirjobs.D)Menshouldshouldermoreresponsibilitiesinchildrearing.PassageTwoQuestions57to61arebasedonthefollowingpassage. Youknowthatjustroundthecornerisamanwhowantstokillyou.Yourheartispoundingandyourhandsaresweating—eventhoughthisisonlyavideogame.Butwhatishappeninginyourbrain?Asmallstudyofbrainactivityinvideo-gameveteranssuggeststhattheirbrainsreactasiftheyaretreatingtheviolenceasreal. Morethan90percentofAmericanchildrenplayvideogameseveryday,andhalfofthetopsellerscontainextremeviolence.Thereisnowstrongevidencethatpeoplewhoplayviolentgamestendtobemoreaggressive.Forexample,in2000,tworesearchersatIowaS KlauseMathiakattheUniversityofAacheninGermanysetouttodiscoverwhatishappeningingamers’brainsastheyencounterviolentsituations.Herecruited13menaged18to26,whoplayedvideogamesfor2hourseverydayonaverage,andaskedthemtoplayaviolentgamewhilehavingtheirbrainsscanned. Hefoundthatasviolencebecameimminent(逼近的),thecognitivepartsofthebrainbecamemoreactive.Andduringafight,emotionalpartsofthebrainwereshutdown.Thispatternisthesameasthatseeninsubjectswhohavehadbrainscansduringothersimulatedviolentsituationssuchasimagininganaggressiveencounter.Itisimpossibletoscanpeople’sbrainsduringactsofrealaggressionsoMathiakarguesthatthisisascloseasyoucangettotherealthing.Itsuggeststhatvideogamesarea“trainingforthebraintoreactwiththispattern,”hesays. ButJeffereyFagan,violentexpertatColumbiaUniversityinnewYorksaysthelinkbetweenbrainactivityandviolenceiscomplex:“Thebrainfun