国际贸易法习题库及答案

Exercisesfor

InternationalTradeLaw

国际贸易法习题

(RevisedEdition)

(修订版)

SchoolofInternationallaw

NorthwestUniversityofPoliticalScience&Law

西北政法大学国际法学院

August2008

2008年8月

Introduction

Thecompilationoftheseexercisesisaimedtohelpthestudentsto

betterunderstandthecontentofthecourseofInternationalTrade

Law.

Theexercisesarearrangedinaccordancewiththecontentofthe

sectionsofeachchapter.Theanswertoeachexercisewillbe

attachedjustaftertheexercise.

Thepatternsoftheexercisesincludechoices,blank-fillings,

questionsandcomprehensivetestaimedtotestthecomprehensive

abilitiesofthestudents.

TheseexercisesarewrittenbytheteachingstaffoftheCenterfor

theBilingualTeachingofSchoolofInternationallaw.

CHAPTER1CONTRACTFORTHEINTERNATIOALSALEOF

GOODS

1.Sagreedtoship10,000tonsofpotatoesFOBTacoma,Washington,toBin

Japan.BdesignatedtheSSRussettotakedeliveryatpier7inTacoma.Onthe

agreeddatefordelivery,Sdeliveredthepotatoestopier7,buttheshipwas

notatthepier.Becauseanothershipusingthepierwasslowinloading,the

RussethadtoanchoratamooringbuoyintheharborandShadtoarrangefor

alightertotransportthepotatoesincontainerstotheship.Thelightertiedup

alongsidetheRussetandacablefromtheship'sboomwasattachedtothe

firstcontainer.Asthecontainerbegantocrosstheship'srailthecable

snapped.Thecontainerthenfellontherail,teeteredbackandforthfora

while,andfinallycrasheddownthesideoftheshipandcapsizedthelighter.

Allofthepotatoesweredumpedintothesea.BnowsuesSforfailuretomake

delivery.IsSliable?

ANSWER:Sisliable.Thereasonis:AccordingtoFOBofIncoterms2000,the

sellermustbearallrisksoflossofordamagetothegoodsuntilsuchtimeas

theyhavepassedtheship'srailatthenamedportofshipment.Andaccording

toB5ofFOB,thebuyerneednotbeartherisks.

2.Whatdocumentationmustthesellerprovidetothebuyerifthecontract

containsCIFtradeterms?

ANSWER:proofofdelivery,transportdocumentorequivalentelectronic

message.

3.WhenshouldthesellermakedeliveryincaseofFCA?

ANSWER:Thesellermustdeliverthegoodstothecarrieroranotherperson

nominatedbythebuyer,orchosenbytheselleratthenamedplaceonthedate

orwithintheperiodagreedfordelivery.

4.WhoisresponsibleforgettinginsuranceincaseofCIF?

ANSWER:seller

5.WhoisresponsibleforhiringacarriertotransportthegoodsunderCFR

term?

ANSWER:seller

6.Inasalescontract,thepriceis1000usdollarsperton,CIFShanghai.Here

Shanghaiis.

Aportofdestination

Bportofdeparture

Cportoftransshipment

Dportofdelivery

ANSWER:A

7.InaccordancewiththeregulationsinIncoterms2000,underthetradeterm

of,thesellerhastheminimumobligation.

AEXW

BFCA

CDDP

DCFR

ANSWER:A

8.Whichofthefollowingtermscanbeusedonlyforseaandinlandwaterway

transport?

AFCA

BFOB

CCIF

DDEQ

ANSWER:BCD

9.ThefullnameofthetermDDPis.

ANSWER:DeliveredDutyPaid(...namedplaceofdestination)

10.InFOBterm,thesellermustbearallrisksoflossofordamagetothe

goodsuntilsuchtimeastheyatthenamedportofshipment.

ANSWER:havepassedtheship'srail

11.TheUnitedNationsConventiononContractsfortheInternationalSaleof

Goods(CISG)hasfourparts,namely,,,and.

ANSWER:Sphereofapplicationandgeneralprovisions,Formationofthe

contract,SaleofGoodsandFinalprovisions

12.Seller,whoseplaceofbusinessisinStateA,andBuyer,whoseplaceof

businessisinStateB,enterintoacontractthatstipulatesthattheCISG

applies.NeitherStateAnorStateBisacontractingstate.Doesthe

Conventionapply?

ANSWER:inaccordancewitharticle1ofCISG,theConventionapplies.

13.Mr.A,whoseresidenceisinStateS(contractingstateofCISG),entered

intoacontracttobuytwocarsforhisfamilywithacarcompanyB,whose

placeofbusinessisinStateW(alsocontractingstateofCISG).Iftheyhaveno

choiceoflawapplicabletotheircontract,doesCISGapply?

ANSWER:CISGdoesnotapply,becausesuchkindofsaleisexcludedin

accordancewithArticle2.

14.AccordingtotheprovisionsofCISG,whichofthefollowingisnotgoverned

byCISG?

Asalebyauction

Bsaleofelectricity

Csaleofcars

Dsaleofgas

ANSWER:AB

15.TheprovisionsofCISGareapplicableto.

Athevalidityofacontract

Btheformationofasalescontract

Cthepassingofproperty

Dproductliability

ANSWER:B

16.Anoffermaybewithdrawnifthewithdrawalreachesthe

offeree.

ANSWER:beforeoratthesametimeastheoffer.

17.OnJanuary1,SellersentalettertoBuyerofferingtoselltoBuyer5,000

widgetsfor25$apiece.Theletteralsostated:"Thisofferisbindingand

irrevocableuntilFebruary1."OnJanuary5,priortoBuyersreceiptofthe

letter,SellercalledBuyeronthetelephoneandleftthefollowingmessageon

theansweringmachineatBuyer'splaceofbusiness:"Ignoremyletterof

January1.Ihavedecidedtowithdrawtheoffercontainedinit."OnJanuary7,

afterlisteningtoheransweringmachineandreadingtheletterthatarrived

thatsameday,BuyersentSellerthefollowingtelegram:"Iacceptedyouroffer

ofJanuary1."IsthereacontractunderCISG?

ANSWER:Thecontractisnotconcludedbecausetheoffersenthasbeen

withdrawn.

18.WhenistheacceptanceeffectiveunderCISG?

ANSWER:AccordingtoArticle18,CISG,anacceptanceofanofferbecomes

effectiveatthemomenttheindicationofassentreachestheofferor.

19.IsthereanyrequirementoftheformsofacontractunderCISG?

ANSWER:Acontractofsaleneednotbeconcludedinorevidencedbywriting

andisnotsubjecttoanyotherrequirementastoform.

20.InaccordancewithCISG,anofferbecomeseffectivewhen.

ANSWER:itreachestheofferee.

21.Article14ofCISGprovidesthataproposalissufficientlydefiniteifit

indicates.

Agoods

Bprice

Cquantity

Ddateofdelivery

ANSWER:A,BandC

22.Ifthecontractofsaleinvolvescarriageofthegoodsandthesellerisnot

boundtodeliverthegoodsatanyotherparticularplace,hemusthandthe

goodsoverto.

ANSWER:thefirstcarrierfortransmissiontothebuyer.

23.Aftertheconclusionofcontract,ifthedateofdeliveryisnotfixedandcan

notbedecidedfromthecontract,thesellershoulddeliverthegood.

ANSWER:withinareasonabletimeaftertheconclusionofthecontract.

24.SellerandBuyerhaveconcludedacontractgovernedbyCISG.Thedateof

deliveryspecifiedisJanuary23andSellerdeliveredthegoodsonJanuary3.

Whatcouldthebuyerdo?

ANSWER:Buyercanacceptthegoodsdeliveredorrefusetoacceptthemuntil

thedateofdelivery.

25.Ifthesalescontracthasnootheragreement,thegoodsinconformitywith

thecontractmust:

Abefitforthepurposesforwhichgoodsofthesamedescriptionwould

ordinarilybeused

Bbefitforanyparticularpurposeexpresslyorimpliedlymadeknowntothe

selleratthetimeoftheconclusionofthecontract,exceptwherethe

circumstancesshowthatthebuyerdidnotrely,orthatitwasunreasonablefor

himtorely,ontheseller'sskillandjudgment

Cpossessthequalitiesofgoodswhichthesellerhasheldouttothebuyerasa

sampleormodel

Dbecontainedorpackagedinthemannerusualforsuchgoodsor,where

thereisnosuchmanner,inamanneradequatetopreserveandprotectthe

goods.

ANSWER:A,B,CandD

26.SellerandBuyerconcludedasalescontractonCIFbasis.Sellermade

deliveryandpassedtherelateddocumentstoBuyerforpaymentofprice.

Buyerrefusedtopaythepriceonthegroundsthathehasnotanopportunity

toexaminethegoods.IsthebuyersopinionsoundinaccordancewithCISG?

ANSWER:Buyercannotrefusetopaythepricefornotexaminingthegoods

becausethetradetermspecifiedinthesalescontractmakesitimpossiblefor

himtoexaminethegoodsinadvance.(Article58ofCISG)

27WhatisthedefinitionoffundamentalbreachofcontractunderCISG?

ANSWER:Abreachofcontractcommittedbyoneofthepartiesis

fundamentalifitresultsinsuchdetrimenttotheotherpartyassubstantially

todeprivehimofwhatheisentitledtoexpectunderthecontract,unlessthe

partyinbreachdidnotforeseeandareasonablepersonofthesamekindin

thesamecircumstanceswouldnothaveforeseensucharesult.

28.Ifthesellerfailstoperformhiscontractualobligationsatthetimefixedin

thecontract,hastherighttogivehimperiodofgrace.

Athecourtwhichhasjurisdiction

Barbitrationcourt

Cthechamberofcommerce

Dthebuyer

ANSWER:D

29.Ifthebuyerhasavoidedthecontractduetothesellersfundamental

breachofcontract,heisstillentitledtorequest.

Aspecificperformance

Bdeliveryofsubstitutegoods

Cdamages

Dpricereduction

ANSWER:C

30.AccordingtoCISG,thebuyermayclaimthedeliveryofsubstitutegoods

onlyif.

Athelackofconformitygoodsconstitutesfundamentalbreachofcontract

Bhecanreturnthegoodsdelivered

Chemakestherequestatpropertime

Dtheselleragreestothedeliveryofsubstitutegoods

ANSWER:A,BandC

31.SellerandBuyermadeasalescontactonFOBbasis.Thedateofdelivery

specifiedisJanuary3.OnJanuary3,theshipdidnotarriveattheportof

loadingandthereforethesellerdidnotmakedelivery.OnJanuary10,theship

arrivedandthegoodswereloaded.Buyerrequestedsellertopaydamagesfor

latedelivery.Isthesellerresponsibleforlatedelivery?

ANSWER:Thesellerdidnotmakedeliveryonthetimespecified.Thisisa

breachofcontract.Butthereasonforthislatedeliveryisthelatearrivalofthe

ship.UnderFOBterm,itisthebuyersobligationtospecifytheship.Aparty

maynotrelyonafailureoftheotherpartytoperform,totheextentthatsuch

failurewascausedbythefirstparty*sactoromission.(Article80)Sotheseller

isnotresponsible.

32.SellerandBuyerenteredintoacontractunderCISGforsellertodeliver

computertoBuyerbyJanuary1.Sellerwaslateindeliveringthemachine,so

BuyerwiredSelleronJanuary2:Anxioustotakedeliveryofthecomputer.

HopethatitarrivesbyFebruary1.SellerdeliversthecomputeronFebruary5,

butBuyerrefusestoacceptitanddeclaresthatthecontractisavoidedbecause

SellerfailedtohandoverthecomputerbeforeFebruary1specifiedinthe

telegram.Bothpartiesagreethattherehasnotbeenafundamentalbreach.Is

Buyerabletoavoidthecontact?

ANSWER:Thebuyerisabletoavoidthecontractbecausethesellerfailsto

makedeliverywithintheperiodofgrace.Thebuyerisentitledtothe

avoidanceofcontractinaccordancewithArticle47andArticle49.

33.TheplaintiffcontractedwithaSwisscompany,thedefendant,fora

machinetobemanufacturedbythedefendantaccordingtotheplaintiffs

requirements.Theplaintiffrefusedtoacceptthemachineuponaninspection

atthedefendant'splaceofbusinessaswellasaresultofanotherinspection

whichtookplaceafterthegoodwasdeliveredtotheplaintiff.Theplaintiff

allegeddefectsandalackofconformitywithrespecttothemachine'sclock

speed,althoughitwasnotclearwhetheranagreementonacertainclock

speedhadinfactbeenreachedbytheparties.Thedefendantagreed,however,

totakethemachinebackandimproveitsothatitwouldmeetthe

requirementsasdescribedinthedefendant'sofferandintheconfirmationof

theplaintiffsorder.Inasubsequentlettertheplaintifffixedthedeadlinefor

performanceandmadeitclearthatafterthathewouldnotacceptany

performance.However,themachinewasdamagedwhilebeingreturnedtothe

manufacturerduetoitsnegligentloading.Thedefendantrefusedtotake

deliveryandtoperformanyupgrade,whereupontheplaintiffdeclaredina

letterhisrefusaltoacceptperformanceandsuedfortherepaymentofthe

paymentsalreadymadeinadvance.Doestheplaintiffhavearighttoavoidthe

contract?

ANSWER:Afterthedefendantdeclaredhisrefusaltoupgradethemachine

andtheplaintiffinturndeclaredhisrefusaltoacceptperformance,the

plaintiffwasentitledtodeclarethecontractavoidedunderarticles45(1),46,

47,49(1)CISG.Althoughtheplaintiffdidnotexpresslydeclarethecontract

avoidedasrequiredbyarticle26CISG,hisrefusaltoperform,expressedin

writinginconnectionwiththeclaimforrepayment,wasconsidereda

sufficientnoticeofthedeclarationofavoidance.

34.SelleragreedtodeliverthreesoftwareprogramstoBuyerthatarespecially

designedforBuyersbusiness.ThefirstwastobedeliveredinJanuary,the

secondinFebruaryandthethirdinMarch.TheprogramdeliveredinJanuary

workedfine,buttheonedeliveredinFebruarywasdefective,whichalsomade

theothertwoprogramseffectivelyworthless.Sellerwasunabletocorrectthe

defectandnosuitablereplacementcouldbefoundfromanothersupplier,

WhatCISGremediesareavailabletoBuyer?

ANSWER:Buyercanavoidthecontractandrequesteddamagesinaccordance

withArticle73and74ofCISG.

35.AccordingtoCISG,theriskinrespectofgoodssoldintransitpassestothe

buyerfromthetimeof.

Atheissueofthedocuments

Bthereceiptofthegoodsbythebuyer

Ctheconclusionofthecontract

Dthehand-overofgoodstothecarrier

ANSWER:C

36.Seller,whoseplaceofbusinessisinXian,sold50solderingmachinesto

Buyer,whoseplaceofbusinessisinYokohama.Thepriceofthesoldering

machineis4000eurospersetFOBShanghai.Thesellerhandedoverthe

goodsunderthecontracttoaShippingCompanywhoseplaceofbusinessisin

Nanking.UnderCISG,whenwillthebuyerbegintobeartherisks?

ANSWER:fromthetimethegoodsunderthecontractpasstherailoftheship

inShanghai.

37.WhatarethelegalconsequencesofthepassingofrisksunderCISG?

ANSWER:Lossofordamagetothegoodsaftertheriskhaspassedtothe

buyerdoesnotdischargehimfromhisobligationtopaytheprice,unlessthe

lossordamageisduetoanactoromissionoftheseller.

38.Apartywhoreliesonabreachofcontractmusttomitigatethe

lossresultingfromthebreach.

ANSWER:takesuchmeasuresasarereasonableinthecircumstances

39.Ifthecontractisavoidedandif,inareasonablemannerandwithina

reasonabletimeafteravoidance,thebuyerhasboughtgoodsinreplacement

orthesellerhasresoldthegoods,thepartyclaimingdamagesmayrecoverthe

differencebetweenand.

ANSWER:thecontractprice,thepriceinthesubstitutetransaction

ComprehensiveTest:

SupposeyouareaSeniorChiefAssistantinthelawdepartmentofalarge

MultinationalCorporationA.Youhavebeenassignedtooverseethe

negotiationandsigningofoneofthelargestcontractsthatAhaseverbeen

involvedin.ThesubsidiaryofAmostdirectlyinvolvedislocatedinastate

whichisamemberofCISG.Threeotherfirmsaregoingtobepartiestothe

contract.OneislocatedinanotherCISGmemberstate;theothertwoarenot.

Oneofthelatterislocatedinacivillawstateandtheotherinacommonlaw

state.

40.Whatlawwillgovernthiscontract?CanthepartiesagreethatCISGwill

governtheirrelationship?

41.Thecontractinvolvesthesaleofgoodsaswellasthesupplyofservices.

CanCISGregulatetheentirecontract?Ifnot,whatparts?

42.ShouldthepartiesagreethatCISGwillbethegoverninglaw,whataspects

ofthecontractwillbegoverned,nevertheless,bylocallaw?

43.IfthepartiedagreethatCISGwillbethegoverninglaw,howwillthe

provisionsofCISGbeinterpretedintheeventthereissomedisputeabout

theirmeaning?

44.Ifsomeprovisionofthecontractisunclear,howwillitbeinterpreted?

45.Mustthecontractbeinwriting?Mustitbeunderseal?

46.Ifoneofthepartiesmakesanofferandpromisestokeepitopenfora

periodof30days,canitlaterchangeitsmindandwithdrawtheoffer?

47.Whendoesanacceptancebecomeeffective?Doesitmatterifthe

acceptancecallsforminorchangesIthetermscontainedintheoffer?

48.Whatcriteriawillbeusedtodetermineifapartyhasbreached?

49.Ifapartydoesbreach,cantheotherpartiesavoidtheirobligationsto

perform?Canalltheprovisionsofthecontract,includingthechoiceoflaw

clause,beavoided?

50.Ifapartyfailstoperform,canacourtinterveneandorderthepartyto

perform?

51.Whatmustabuyerdotorejectnonconforminggoods?

52.Whenmustthebuyermakepayment?

53.Atwhatpointntimewillthebuyerbecomeliableforanyaccidentallossor

damagesufferedbythegoods?

54.Whatdutydoesapartyhavetokeepthedamagescausedbyanother

party'sbreachtoaminimum?

55.Whatmustasellerdoifitwishestoseekdamages,avoidthecontract,or

obtainspecificperformance?

56.Whatmustabuyerdoifitwishestoseekdamages,avoidthecontract,or

obtainspecificperformance?

57.Whatexcusesareavailabletoabreachingpartytojustifyits

nonperformance?

CHAPTER2INTERNATIOINALCARRIAGEOFGOODS

1.WhatisthedefinitionofB/L?WhatarethemainfunctionsofB/L?

ANSWER:Abillofladingisadocumentwhichservesasanevidenceofthe

contractofcarriageofgoodsbyseaandthetakingoverorloadingofthegoods

bythecarrier,andbasedonwhichthecarrierundertakestodeliverthegoods

againstsuiTenderingthesame.ThemainfunctionsofaB/Lareevidenceof

thecontractofgoodsbysea,thereceiptoftakingoverorloadingthegoodsby

thecarrierandtheproofthatthecarrierundertakestodeliverthegoods.

2.Theshipperhandedoverthegoodstothecarrierfortransportation.The

carrierissuedasetofB/Lsstating“stained”.SuchaB/Lis.

AstraightB/L

BorderB/L

CfoulB/L

DcleanB/L

ANSWER:D

3.UnitedNationsConventionontheCarriageofGoodsbySeaisoften

referredtoas.

AHagueRules

BVisbyRules

CWarsawRules

DHamburgRules

ANSWER:D

4.AccordingtoHagueRules,Thecarriershallbeboundthevoyageto

exerciseduediligencetomaketheshipseaworthy.

Abeforeandatthebeginningof

Bbefore

Cafter

Dduring

ANSWER:A

5.TheperiodofresponsibilityofHagueRulesisoftenreferredtoas.

Adoortodoor

Btackletotackle

Cchambertochamber

Dporttoport

ANSWER:B

6.“Thecarriershallbeboundtoexerciseduediligencetomaketheship

seaworthy^^isaprinciplefirstestablishedin.

AHarterAct1893

BCarriageofGoodsbySeaAct1906

CHagueRules

DHamburgRules

ANSWER:A

7.InaccordancewithArticle4ofHagueRules,carriershallnotberesponsible

forlossordamagearisingorresultingfrom.

Aactofgod

Bperilsofsea

Cactofwar

Dmariner'somissionintheloadingofcargo

ANSWER:A,BandC

8.SSAnxiouswassailingfromShanghaitoVancouvercarrying1000tonof

wheat.Duringthenavigation,SSAnxiouscollidedwithanothershipdueto

thedefaultofthemarinersofit.Thecollisioncauseddamagetothewheat.In

accordancewithHagueRules,isthecarrierliablefortheloss?Andwhy?

ANSWER:ThecarrierisnotliablebecauseaccordingtoArticle4,carriershall

notberesponsibleforlossordamagearisingorresultingfromact,neglect,or

defaultofthemaster,mariner,pilot,ortheservantsofthecarrierinthe

navigationorinthemanagementoftheship.

9.ThelimitofliabilitysetintheHagueRulesisperkilo.

A100pounds

B17SDRs

C835SDRs

D30francs

ANSWER:A

10.ThelimitationofactionspecifiedinHamburgRulesis.

A1year

B2years

C4years

D6years

ANSWER:B

11.Thestandardizedcontactofvoyagecharter-partyincludes.

AGencon

BBaltime

CSino-time

DNYPE

ANSWER:A

12.Accordingtotheprovisionsofvoyagecharter-party,theship-ownercan

chargeforeveryidledaythatexceedstheagreed-uponlaydays.

Adispatchfee

Bdemurrage

Crent

Dadministrationfee

ANSWER:B

13.Thechoice-of-lawclauseintheB/Lisoftencalled.

AHimalayaClause

BParamountClause

CJasonClause

DNewJasonClause

ANSWER:B

14.WhatistheprincipleofliabilityinHamburgRules?

ANSWER:Thecarrierisliableforlossresultingfromlossofordamagetothe

goods,aswellasfromdelayindelivery,iftheoccurrencewhichcausedthe

loss,damageordelaytookplacewhilethegoodswereinhischarge,unlessthe

carrierprovesthathe,hisservantsoragentstookallmeasuresthatcould

reasonablyberequiredtoavoidtheoccurrenceanditsconsequences.

15.WhatisthedefinitionofTimeCharter?

ANSWER:Atimecharterpartyisacontractunderwhichtheship-owner

providesadesignatedmannedshiptothecharterer,andthecharterer

employstheshipduringthecontractualperiodfortheagreedserviceagainst

paymentofhire.

16.WhatisthedefinitionofDemiseCharter?

ANSWER:Ademisecharterpartyisacharterpartyunderwhichthe

ship-ownerprovidesthechartererwithanunmannedshipwhichthecharterer

shallpossess,employandoperatewithinanagreedperiodandforwhichthe

charterershallpaytheship-ownerthehire.

17.Whatisthedefinitionof"internationalcarriageofgoodsbyair“under

WarsawConvention?

ANSWER:Anycarriageinwhich,accordingtothecontractmadebythe

parties,theplaceofdepartureandtheplaceofdestination,whetherornot

therebeabreakinthecarriageoratransshipment,aresituatedeitherwithin

theteiritoriesoftwoHighContractingParties,orwithinthetemtoryofa

singleHighContractingParty,ifthereisanagreedstoppingplacewithina

territorysubjecttothesovereignty,suzerainty,mandateorauthorityof

anotherPower,eventhoughthatPowerisnotapartytothisConvention.

18.Whatisthe“periodofcarriage^^inaccordancewiththeprovisionsof

WarsawConvention?

ANSWER:Theperiodofthecarriagebyairdoesnotextendtoanycarriageby

land,byseaorbyinlandwaterwayperformedoutsideanairport.If,however,

suchcarriagetakesplaceintheperformanceofacontractforcarriagebyair,

forthepurposeofloading,deliveryortransshipment,anydamageis

presumed,subjecttoprooftothecontrary,tohavebeentheresultofanevent

whichtookplaceduringthecarriagebyair.Ifacarrier,withouttheconsentof

theconsignor,substitutecarriagebyanothermodeoftransportforthewhole

orpartofacarriageintendedbytheagreementbetweenthepartiestobe

carriagebyair,suchcandagebyanothermodeoftransportisdeemedtobe

withintheperiodofcarriagebyair.

19.ThedocumentofcarriageinWarsawConventionis.

Aairwaybill

Bairconsignmentnote

Cairbill

Dairbilloflading

ANSWER:B

20.Thelimitofliabilityofthecarrierforthelossanddamagestothecargoin

theMontrealConventionisperkilo.

A250francs

B30francs

C17SDRs

D835SDRs

ANSWER:C

21.TheperiodlimitationofactionstatedintheMontrealConvention

isfromthedateofarrivalatthedestination,orfromthedateon

whichtheaircraftoughttohavearrived,orfromthedateonwhichthe

carriagestopped.

A1year

B2years

C4years

D90days

ANSWER:B

22.AccordingtoMontrealConvention,anactionfordamagesmustbe

brought,attheoptionoftheplaintiff,intheterritoryofoneoftheStates

Parties,before.

Athecourtofthedomicileofthecarrier

Bthecourtofitsprincipalplaceofbusiness

Cthecourtwhereithasaplaceofbusinessthroughwhichthecontracthas

beenmade

Dthecourtattheplaceofdestination

ANSWER:A,B,CandD

23.InaccordancewithArticle1oftheUnitedNationsConventionon

InternationalMultimodalTransportofGoods,"internationalmultimodal

transport“refersto.ANSWER:thecarriageofgoodsbyatleasttwo

differentmodesoftransportonthebasisofamultimodaltransportcontract

fromaplaceinonecountryatwhichthegoodsaretakeninchargebythe

multimodaltransportoperatortoaplacedesignatedfordeliverysituatedina

differentcountry.

24.Theonewhichcarriesoutinternationalmultimodaltransportisreferred

toas.

ANSWER:MultimodalTransportOperator(MTO)

25.Theresponsibilityofthemultimodaltransportoperatorforthegoods

coverstheperiodfromto.

ANSWER:thetimeMTOtakesthegoodsinhischarge,thetimeoftheir

delivery

26.MultimodalTransportDocumentcanserveas.

Atheevidenceofmultimodaltransportcontract

BthereceiptofthegoodsbytheMTO

Ctheevidenceofsalescontract

Dtheevidenceoftheconformityofthegoodswiththesalescontract

ANSWER:AandB

ComprehensiveTest

SupposeyourcompanyinStateAhasitsgoodsloadedaboardanoceangoing

commoncarrierinaportinStateAforshipmentabroad.

27.Whatkindofdocumentationshouldthesubsidiaryprovidethiscarrier?

28.Whatkindofdocumentationshouldthecarriergivetoyourcompany?

29.Shouldthebillofladingissuedbythecarrierbeastraightbilloranorder

bill?

30.Ifthecarrierissuesaclausedbilloflading,whatshouldyourcompanydo?

31.Whatarethecommoncarrier'sresponsibilitiesunderHagueRules?What

arehisimmunities?

32.Supposeyourcompanyisgoingtohireashipunderavoyagecharterparty.

CanyoudrawupadraftcharterpartyinGenconform?

CHAPTER3INTERNATIONALMARINEINSURANCE

1.AandBaredrinkingcoffeeinaStarbuckandtheyfindashipcarrying

goodspassby.ThenAwantstomakeaninsurancecontractforthecargo

loaded.DoesAhaveinsurableinterestonthecargo?Andwhy?

ANSWER:Adoesnothaveinsurableinterest,becausehedoesnothavelegal

orequitablerelationtotheadventureortoanyinsurablepropertyatriskand

hemaynotbenefitbythesafetyorduearrivalofinsurableproperty,nor

wouldhebeprejudicedbyitsloss,ordamage.

2.InUnitedKingdom,theinsurancecontractmustbeconcluded

through.

ANSWER:insurancebroker

3.Insurancepolicyisfunctionedas.

Aevidenceofinsurancecontract

Bgroundsforclaims

Cgroundsforindemnity

Dreceiptofpremium

ANSWER:A,BandC

4.Apolicythatdescribestheinsuranceingeneraltermsandleavesthename

oftheshipandotherparticularstobedefinedbysubsequentdeclarations

is.

A.floatingpolicy

Bbindingslip

Cundercover

Dopencover

ANSWER:A

5.Aftertheconclusionofinsurancecontract,theinsuredisresponsible

for.

Athepaymentofinsuranceindemnity

Bthepaymento