2016年6月GET研究生学位课考试题

2016年6月研究生英语学位课统考真题PARTILISTENINGCOMPREHENSION(25minutes,20points)SectionA(1pointeach)Directions:Inthissection,youwillhearnineshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeachconversationaquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestionswillbereadonlyonce.Choosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesgivenbymarkingthecorrespondingletterwithasinglebaracrossthesquarebracketsonyourmachine-scoredAnswerSheet.1.A.Beauty

has

advantages

and

disadvantages.B.Beautyhasdifferentmeaningstodifferentpeople.C.Beautybringsattentionandopportunities.D.Beauty

comes

from

actionand

goodqualities.2.A.Sheisusingthebooknow.B.Shemaygivehimahand.C.Shecannotlendhimthebook.D.Shewillkeepthebookforhim.3.A.Rachellivesfairlyclosetoher.B.Rachelvisitsherquiteoften.C.Rachelcomeshereonceamonth.D.Rachelrarelygetstoseeher.4.A.Sheforgotaboutthetimechange.B.Shedidn’treceivethetextmessage.C.Herroommateforgottogiveherthemessage.D.Herroommatewastoonervoustotellher.5.A.Heshouldhavegotbettergrades.B.Thetestwasbasedonlecturematerial.C.Shemisplacedhertextbook.D.Smallluckplaysabigrole.6.A.Onthe16thofJune.B.Onthe18thofJune.C.Onthe9thofJune.D.Onthe8thofJune.7.A.Gotosleep.B.Watchthemovielater.C.Changethechannel.D.Setthealarmclock.8.A.Wearaformalsuit.B.Wearcasualclothes.C.Dressupfortheparty.D.Dressinacostume.9.A.Shelikestodrinkcoffee.B.Sherarelywakesupearly.C.Sheneedsteatofeelalert.D.Shealwaysskipsbreakfast.SectionB(1pointeach)Directions:Inthissectionyouwillheartwomini-talks.Attheendofeachtalk,therewillbesomequestions.Boththetalksandthequestionswillbereadtoyouonlyonce.Aftereachquestion,therewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesgivenbymarkingthecorrespondingletterwithasinglebaracrossthesquarebracketsonyourmachine-scoredAnswerSheet.Mini-talkOne10. A.SouthernEurope.B.UnitedArabEmirates.C.NorthAfrica.D.TheUnitedStates.11. A.Thewings.B.Thetail.C.Thewindows.D.Theengines.12. A.Tochangetheairplaneindustry.B.Tomakeatripinatinyplane.C.Toovercomeweatherissues.D.Toprovethepowerofnewenergysources.Mini-talkTwo13. A.Feelingsleepyatwork.B.Feelingsadordepressed.C.Feelingunabletothinkclearly.D.Feelingtiredinthemorning.14.ATimezonechange.A.wearoff B.payoff C.wardoff D.turnoff40.Theyoungeryoubegin______,theeasieritistoremainphysicallyactivethroughoutyourlife.A.settingout B.figuringout C.runningout D.workingoutPARTIIICLOZETEST(10minutes,10points,1pointeach)Directions:Thereare10questionsinthispartofthetest.Readthepassagethrough.Then,gobackandchooseonesuitablewordorphrasemarkedA,B,C,orDforeachblankinthepassage.Markthecorrespondingletterofthewordorphraseyouhavechosenwithasinglebaracrossthesquarebracketsonyourmachine-scoredAnswerSheet.Acollegeeducationiscompletelynecessaryforeachofus,butwehavetoaskwhatit___41___togetintocollege?Highschoolgradesandstandardizedtestsarestillthemostcommonmeasurements.___42___thisinformationisoftenconsideredalongsideothersourcesofinformation,otherindicatorsofcollegepotentialaretypicallynotconsideredifhighschoolgradesandstandardizedtestscoresdon’treachacertain___43___.

Eventhoughstandardizedtestscores

dopredict___44___performanceandjobperformance,relyingsoheavilyonthesescoresisproblematic___45___anumberofreasons.

Forone,studies

havefoundthattheSATisabetterpredictorofcollegeperformanceforwhitestudents.___46___reasonisthatotherkeyskillsareneglectedthatcontributetolifesuccess,

definedmore___47___thanmerelythecapacityforacademiclearning,includingactivelearning___48___,naturalmotivation,social-emotionalintelligence,imagination,andcreativity.Creativityandimaginationareparticularlyimportantskills

inthiscentury,___49___howquicklythisworldischanging.Thisworldneedspeoplewhoarenotonlyquicklearners,butalso

reflectivelearnersaswellas___50___ofnewknowledge.41.A.means B.takes C.seems D.likes42.A.But B.However C.While D.Yet43.A.standard B.destination C.aspect D.perspective44.A.physical B.artistic C.mechanical D.academic45.A.becauseof B.dueto C.for D.owingto46.A.Thesecond B.Asecond C.Second D.Theother47.A.broadly B.narrowly C.usually D.strictly48.A.outcomes B.advantages C.qualifications D.strategies49.A.concerning B.regarding C.considering D.involving50.A.applicants B.creators C.witnesses D.successorsPARTIVREADINGCOMPREHENSION(45minutes,30points,1pointeach)Directions:Inthispartofthetest,therearefiveshortpassages.Readeachpassagecarefully,andthendothequestionsthatfollow.Choosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesgivenandmarkthecorrespondingletterwithasinglebaracrossthesquarebracketsonyourmachine-scoredAnswerSheet.PassageOneAyearago,mybossannouncedthatourlargeNewYorkadagencywouldbemovingtoanopenoffice.Afternineyearsasaseniorwriter,Iwasforcedtotradeinmyprivateofficeforaseatatalong,sharedtable.Itfeltlikemybosshadrippedoffmyclothesandleftmestandinginmyunderwear.However,about70percentofU.S.officesnowhavenoorlowpartitions.SiliconValleyhasbeentheleaderinbringingdownthedividers.Google,YahooandAmericanExpressarealladherents.

Facebookdesignedthelargestopenfloorplanintheworld,housingnearly3,000engineers.Thesenewfloorplansareidealformaximizingacompany’sspacewhileminimizingcosts.Bosseslovetheabilitytokeepaclosereyeontheiremployees,ensuringmovie-watching,constantsocialmedia-browsingandunlimitedpersonalcellphoneuseisn’toccupyingbillinghours.Whileemployeesfeellikethey’repartofarelaxed,innovativeenterprise,theenvironmentultimatelydamagesworkers’attentionspans,creativityandsatisfaction.Furthermore,asenseofprivacyboostsjobperformance,while

theoppositecancausefeelingsofhelplessness.Inadditiontothedistractions,mycolleaguesandIhavebeenmorevulnerabletoillness.Lastfluseasontookdownasuccessionofmyco-workerslikedominoes.Asthenewspaceintended,I’veformedinteresting,unexpectedbondswithmycolleagues.Butmypersonalperformanceatworkhashitanall-timelow.Eachday,myassociatesandIareseatedata

tablestaringateachother,havinganongoing12-personconversationfrom9a.m.to5p.m.

Thosewhohaveworkedinprivateofficesfordecadeshaveproventobe

themostnoisyandtough.Theyhaven’thadtoconsiderhowtheirloudhabitsaffectothers,soIcanonlyworkeffectivelyduringtimeswhennooneelseisaround,orifIisolatemyselfinoneofthesmall,constantlysought-after,glass-windowedmeetingrooms.Tomaketheopen-officemodelwork,employershavetotakemeasurestoimproveworkefficiency.Forone,theyshouldcreatemoreprivateareas—oneswithoutopenwindows.

Also,theyshouldimplementrulesonwheninteractionshouldbelimited.

Andplease,let’seliminatethemusicthatblanketsourworkspaces.Companiescouldsimplyjoinanothertrend—allowingemployeestoworkfromhome.Thatmodelboostsproductivity,withemployeesworkingmorehoursandtakingfewerbreaks.Therearefewerinterruptionswhenemployeesworkremotely.Athome,mygreatestdistractionistherefrigerator.

​51.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothefirsttwoparagraphs?A.Theauthorenjoyedworkinginanopenoffice.B.Thisopen-officemodelhasgainedpopularity.C.Companiesarecompelledtoshifttoanopenoffice.D.GoogleandYahoorefusetogoalongwiththetrend.52.Largeopenfloorplanscanhelpbossesto______.A.reduceinvestmentinresearchB.showmoviestoworkersintheofficeC.superviseco-workers’conversationsD.restricttheuseofpersonalcellphones53.AccordingtoParagraph4,anopenoffice______.A.canbenefitworkers’mentalhealthB.bringsnorelaxationtoworkersatallC.adverselyaffectsproductivityandhealthD.contributestobetterproductivity54.ItcanbeconcludedfromParagraph5thatinanopenoffice______.A.fellowworkersarelikelytospendalongtimetalkingB.one’spersonalperformancecanbeimprovedeasilyC.workefficiencycanbeensuredamidfrequentinteractionD.mostoftheworkerscaneasilybecomeclosefriends55.Thelastsentenceofthispassagesuggeststhattheauthor______.A.canhardlyconcentrateonhisworkathomeB.oftensuffersfromthenoiseoftherefrigeratorC.worksmoreefficientlyathomethanintheopenofficeD.hasnobodytotalktowhileworkingathome56.Thecentralideaofthispassageisthattheopen-officemodel______.A.shouldbehighlyrecommendedB.isdestroyingtheworkplaceC.ismoreofablessingthanacurseD.provestobequiteinnovativePassageTwoThemosquito-borneZikavirus,whichhasspreadto22countriesintheAmericas,isterrifyingtopregnantwomenandtheirpartners.Thevirusmaycausebirthdefectsinbabieswhosemotherswereinfectedduringpregnancy.InBrazilmorethan4,000havebeenbornwithabnormallysmallheadssincelastOctober,comparedwithfewerthan200inatypicalyear.Theresponseofseveralgovernmentshastriggeredadebateaboutabortionandbirthcontrolwhichmayoutlasttheoutbreakitself.Itstartedaftersomegovernmentsadvisedwomentodelaygettingpregnant.Colombia,whichhasthesecond-highestnumberofinfectionsafterBrazil,advisedwomentowaitsixtoeightmonths.Jamaicaissuedasimilarrecommendation,eventhoughnocasesofZikahaveyetbeenreportedthere.ElSalvador’sgovernmentsuggestedthatwomenshoulddelaypregnancyuntil2018.Panamawarnedwomenfromvulnerablecommunitiesnottoconceive.

Somewomenfindthisadviceratherbossy.Otherssaythatgovernmentshavedonelittletohelpwomencontroltheirfertility.AlobbygroupinNewYorknotesthatratesofteenagepregnancyinLatinAmericaareamongtheworld’shighest,as56%ofpregnanciesinLatinAmericaandtheCaribbeanareunintended.Ratesofaccidentalpregnancyarehighbecausesexeducationisinadequateandbirthcontrolishardtocomeby.Healthworkersarereluctanttoprescribecontraceptivestoteenagersortowomenwhohavenotyetgivenbirth.Ifwomenaretoavoidpregnancy,governmentsmustinformthembetterandprovidemoreaccesstocontraceptionforbothmenandwomen.SomearguethattheZikacrisisshouldpromptcountriestoliberalizepoliciesthatseverelyrestrictabortion.InElSalvador,whichdoesnotallowabortionevenifawoman’slifeisatrisk,activistsaresteppinguptheircampaignforachangeinthelaw.ABraziliannewspaperarguedthatBrazilshouldenditsbanonmostabortions.Ratherthancallingonwomentodelaypregnancy,Brazilissensiblyconcentratingitseffortsonthemosquitoresponsible,whichalsocarriesdengueandyellowfever.Thecountryhadstampedoutthethreatby1958butletdownitsguardandallowedittoreturn.Thehealthministerannouncedthatinsectrepellentwillbedistributedto400,000expectantmothers.Some310,000healthworkersareteachingpeoplehowtokeepmosquitoesatbay.FollowingWHOguidelines,Braziladviseswomencontemplatingpregnancyonhowtoavoidgettingbittenbymosquitoes.Womenneedfacts,notfertilitytargets.57.Thefirstparagraphisprimarilyconcernedwith______.A.theharmdonebytheZikavirusB.abortionandbirthcontrolC.theresponseofsomecountriesD.theoriginoftheZikavirus58.TherateofinfectionswiththeZikavirusisthehighestin______.A.Colombia B.Brazil C.Jamaica D.Panama59.RatesofaccidentalpregnancyarehighinLatinAmericabecauseofthefollowingexcept______.A.insufficientsexeducationorinformationonpregnancyB.thereluctancetoprescribecontraceptivestoteenagersC.pooraccessibilityofbirthcontrolformenandwomenD.theextremelylowrateofmarriageinsomecountries60.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothispassage?A.AbortionisstrictlyprohibitedinthewholeofLatinAmerica.B.ActivistsinElSalvadorarefightingfortherighttoabortion.C.Brazilhasmanagedtoeliminatethemosquitoresponsible.D.Mostwomenhavebeenconvincedoftheadvicebygovernments.61.Theunderlinedwordsinthelastparagraphprobablymean______.A.stayawayfrommosquitoesB.trytomakemosquitoesextinctC.confinemosquitoestothebeachD.culturesomenewmosquitoes62.Whichofthefollowingcanbestserveasthetitleofthispassage?A.HowtoContaintheZikaVirus?B.HealthduringPregnancy.C.ToBreed,ornottoBreed.D.MeasuresofBirthControl.PassageThreeAfterajuryconvictedex-VirginiaGovernor.BobMcDonnell,Iwroteanop-edcallingattentiontothe“realstars”oftheMcDonnellcase.Itiseasytogetdistractedbythesensationaldetailsofthenewcase,butitwouldbebettertofocusonthebigpicture.Americanpoliticiansfaceaharshreality.TheaverageSenatecampaigncostsmorethan$10million!PointtheFBI(FederalBureauofInvestigation)atanyelectedofficial,andIsuspectitcanuncoveracontributorwhoreceivedspecialtreatment:ameetingwithstaffhere,acalltoanagencythere.Noneofitisnecessarilyillegal.Americansarenotonlyallowedtogivemoneytopoliticians.TheSupremeCourthassaidtheyhaveaconstitutionalrighttospendmoneyoncampaigns.Electedofficials,inturn,havethefreedomtodecidewhichcallstheyanswer,whatmeetingstheyarrange,howtocraftlegislationandwhomitbenefits.Itcouldbe,then,thatwhatsetsMcDonnellapartfromotherpoliticiansisnottheallegedillegalityofhisconduct,butthattheFBItooksuchahardlookathim.Thankfully,theFBI’sinterestdoesn’tappeartobepolitical.Morelikely,agentsbecameinterestedinthesecasesliketheygetinterestedinlotsofthings;theyhappeneduponpubliccorruptionwhilelookingintosomethingelse.TheFBIreportedlywasinvestigatingJonnieWilliams’companyforsecuritiesfraudwhenitstumbleduponhisgiftstoMcDonnell.Therearetwoimportantlessonshere,oneforpoliticiansandonefortherestofus.Thepoliticiansneedtodistancethemselvesfromtheirrichdonors.Ethicsaside,itissimplytooriskytotakecontributionsandgiftsfrompeoplewhoseinterestsyouintendtoadvance.Bettertoloseanelectionthantogotofederalprison.Everyoneelseshouldstartthinkingaboutprosecutorialpowertoact.It’sbadenoughthatourpoliticalsystemseemstobepopulatedwithcriminals.Weshouldalsoworryabouthowprosecutorschooseamongthemtodecidewhomtoimprison.Randomselection,whichappearstoexplaintheMcDonnellcase,istheleastofourworries.Therealconcernispoliticallymotivatedprosecutions,whicharemadealltooeasyinasystemflushwithcashandregulatedbyflexiblepubliccorruptionlaws.Sadlyinapay-to-playpoliticalsystem,onceFBIagentsdirecttheirinvestigativepowerataparticularpolitician,thelikelihoodofafederalaccusationmayonlydependonhowhardtheylook.63.Inthefirstparagraph,“thebigpicture”probablyrefersto______.A.thedetailsoftheMcDonnellcase B.thepoliticalsystemintheUSC.theeconomicsituationintheUS D.otherofficialsinvolvedinthiscase64.WhichofthefollowingistrueabouttheMcDonnellcase?A.McDonnellhasturnedouttobeinnocent.B.HegaveexpensivegiftstoJonnieWilliams.C.TheFBIhappenedtofindhiscriminality.D.TheFBI’sinvestigationispoliticallymotivated.65.ThelessonthatpoliticiansshouldlearnfromthecaseofMcDonnellisto______.A.stayawayfromwealthydonors B.workintheinterestsofrichdonorsC.forgetaboutethicswhenwithrichdonors D.makefriendswithmanyrichdonors66.ThelastparagraphimpliesthatintheAmericanpoliticalsystem______.A.therearefewcorruptpoliticians B.moneyplaysaminorroleC.randomselectionisabigconcern D.itiseasytospotcasesofcorruption67.Thispassageisprimarilyconcernedwith______intheUnitedStates.A.waystokeepgovernancecleanB.theresponsibilitiesoftheFBIC.thepoliticalcorruptionproblemD.theroleofmoneyinlegalmatters68.TheattitudeoftheauthortowardstheAmericanpoliticalsystemis______.A.curious B.critical C.appreciative D.indifferentPassageFourThefourthandfinalarticlefromSherylSandbergandAdamGrantinTheNewYorkTimes’“WomenatWork”seriesappearedtoday;itisasmisguidedasthepreviousthreehavebeen,borderingonoffensive.DowereallyneedSandbergtellingmenthatiftheydoaloadoflaundrynowandthen,theymightgetlucky?Yes,thatisanexactpointinthearticle.Toquote:Amanwasaskedbyhiswifeonenighttodoaloadoflaundry.Hepickedupthebasketandaskedhopefully,“IsthisLeanInlaundry?”ThebiggerissuewiththeentireNewYorkTimesseriesisthatratherthanfocusingontheabilitiesofwomen,allthey’vedoneisofferstudiesandstatisticspointingouthowbadthingsare,thenaskingmentochangethat.ItissodisappointingthatSandbergandGrantkeeprepeatingthesamepoint–“Hey,guys,helpthepoorgirlsout!”Theycontinuetotellmenthattheyshoulddomoreofficechores,letwomenspeakatwork,usethesamecriteriaforevaluatingfemalemanagersasmaleones.It’sallaboutmenandwhattheyneedtodotoboostupladies.Thetoneofthesearticlesalsoimpliesthateverysuccessfulwomanwassomehowgivenashotbysomeman.MostsuccessfulwomenIknowweren’tgivenanything.Theyearnedit.Andwhentheydidn’tgetitevenafterearningit,theystruggledandseizedit.Itissounproductiveforwomentorepeatthattheworkplaceneedstochangetorewardus.Howaboutifwomenchange?Whydon’twestartbehavinginwaysthatwillgetusrewardedintheworkplace?WheneverIspeakorwriteaboutequalityforwomenintheworkplace,Ineveraddresswhatmenneedtododifferently.Menhavenoincentivetodoanythingdifferently.Thissystemisworkingforthem,andifwomenwanttocompeteinmale-dominatedfields,weneedtodeveloptheinstinctsandattitudesthatwillgetusrewardedinthosefields.Womendon’thaveto“behavelikemen,”butwecanmakethechangesneededtoberecognizedandpromotedwithoutaskingthemforthescraps.Weshouldnotstampourfeetanddemandthatmenhelpusgetthere.Afterall,nowomanhastoleaninwhenshe’sstandingattheheadofthetable.69.Whatdoestheauthorofthispassagethinkofthearticlementionedinthefirstparagraph?A.misleading B.instructive C.amusing D.paradoxical70.TheauthorbelievesthattheproblemwiththisNewYorkTimesseriesisthatit______.A.overemphasizesmutualhelpbetweenmalesandfemalesB.elaboratesontheadvantagesofmalesoverfemalesC.suggeststhetwosexesbeevaluatedinthesamewayD.ignoreswhatwomencandoforthemselves71.Themainideaofthethirdparagraphisthat______.A.womenhavetoadapttotheworkenvironmentB.thereisamanbehindeachsuccessfulwomanC.workplaceshouldbechangedtorewardwomenD.womenbecomesuccessfulontheirown72.Inthelastparagraph,theauthorofthispassagesuggeststhat______.A.menstarttodothingsdifferentlyforwomen’ssakeB.womenaskmenforhelpwhenevernecessaryC.womenbecomeindependentandself-reliantD.womenstopcompetingwithmenatwork73.Whichofthefollowingcanbestserveasthetitleofthispassage?A.Women-Stop‘Leaning’andStartLeading.B.Men–BeHelpfulatHomeandatWork.C.MenandWomen–WhoIsSuperior?D.MenandWomen–HowDifferentAreThey?74.Theauthorseemstobe______thesearticlesbySherylSandbergandAdamGrant.A.interestedin B.criticalabout C.convincedby D.encouragedbyPassageFiveImagineaworldwithoutalcoholsponsorshipofsportandwithoutdrinksadsonTV.

You’reimaginingFrance,thecountrywithaheavydrinkingrateonesixththatofIreland.It’sacountrywherethereisagenuinelysensibleandmatureapproachtoalcohol–witharangeofregulationsforthealcoholindustry.Tobecertain,peopledrinkinFrance–thereisalcoholismandseriousissuesforpublichealththere,justasinothersocietieswherealcoholisavailable–butinFrance,thetrendisdownwardandheavydrinkingisn’tagroupactivitywheregettingdrunkistheobjective.ThedrinksindustryinIrelandispitilesslyefficientanddeeplyrational–likeanymulti-billioneuroindustry,knowinghowtogetpeopletodrinkmore,howtogrowamarket,howtocultivatethenextgenerationofdrinkersandhowtoputthemonthevalueadditionconveyorbelt.Theeconomicsofdrinkingisstrikinglyobvious.Amassivediversityofproductsatamassivelywiderangeofprices,withastaggeringdiversityoflifestylemessagesandmarketingapproachestosegmentanddividethemarket.Westartwiththeyoungdrinkers,whodon’thaveawholelotofmoney–foryoungmenthere’rethethinaluminumcanbeerswhichpromiseEuropeansophisticationandpreciousmetals.Fortheladiestherearethelighteralcopopsandcoolers,whichpromisetohaveonelaughuncontrollablyintothenightwithyourequallyattractivemid-twentiesfriends,oftenwithathree-for-twooffer.Thenextstageintheprocessistogetthedrinkerintothebottledbeersandshifttheladiestowardswhiskey.Inthesummer,everyoneisencouragedtodedicatetimetoquenchingthethirstwithjuice–andtomoveonfromthere.Ateachlifestagethereisahigher-valuedrinkproducttargetedatouraspirationsandanencouragementtogetsomeofthegoodlife.Thedrinksindustryremindsustotameouranimalsidewithatriptotheirwebsitesayingthat‘enjoyingadrinkmaybepartofIrishculture…’and,atthestartofanarticleonthepossiblehealthbenefitsofcuttingdownonalcohol,states:

“Lotsofpeopleassociatemoderatedrinkingwithrelaxationandfun.”Thedrinksindustryneedsyoungdrinkers–itcultivatesdrinkersasearlyaspossible,butitcultivatespartnersandharvestsgoodwillaswell.75.WhichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaboutFrance?A.Nooneconsumesanexcessiveamountofalcohol.B.Therearenostrictregulationsforthealcoholindustry.C.Sportcanbesponsoredbyalcoholproducers.D.TherearenoTVcommercialsrelatedtoalcohol.76.TheunderlinedwordsinParagraph3implythatthedrinksindustryinIreland______.A.caresaboutthehealthofconsumersB.isgoodatboostingsalesofalcoholC.hasenjoyedquitehighproductivityD.triestomakemoneybyillegalmeans77.ParagraphFourandFivearefocusedon______thedrinksindustry.A.theeconomicsemployedbyB.thewiderangeofproductsofC.variouslifestylemessagesfromD.healthbenefitsassociatedwith78.Thedrinksindustryhasbeenworkinghardtoincreaseitssalesby______.A.tellingconsumersthetruthabouttheharmofalcoholB.encouragingconsumerstousethesamedrinkproductC.targetingatyoungdrinker