2022年河南职称英语考试模拟卷5测

2022年河南职称英语考试模拟卷

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1.FoodAndCancerMedicaIexpertshavesuspectedformanyyearsthat

thereisastrongIinkbetweenwhatapersoneatsandcancer.(46).

AteamofChineseandAmericanscientistsdidthestudy.Theyarefrom

AmericanNationalCancerInstituteandtheCancerInstituteofthe

ChineseAcademyofMedicaISciencesinBeijing.TheJournalofthe

NationaICancerInstitutepubIishedtheresultsofthestudy.About

thirtythousandpeopIebetweentheagesof40to69tookpartinthestudy.

TheywerefromthenortherncentralChineseareaofLinxian.Mostofthem

tookvitaminsandmineralseverydayforfiveyears.(47).

ResearchersbeIievethatfungusandmoldsinlocalfoodsmaybepartly

responsibleforthehighcancerrate.Researchersdividedthoseinto

eightgroups.Sevenofthegroupsreceiveddifferentmixturesofvitamins

andmineralsdaily.TheamountsofthevitaminsandmineraIswere1to

2timesgreaterthanwhatAmericanhealthofficiaIssayis

needed.(48).Thosewhoseemedtogainthemostreceiveda

mixtureofaformofvitaminAcalledP-carotene,vitaminEandthe

mineralseIenium.ThevitaminandmineralarebeIievedtopreventdamage

toce11scausedbycancer-causingsubstances.Researchersreporteda13

percentdropincancerratesinthosewhotookP-carotene,vitaminE

andselenium.Theyalsofounda10percentdropinthenumberofdeaths

causedbystrokesfromburstingbloodvessels.(49).They

notethatthepeopIeinLinxianeatfoodsthatlacknecessaryvitamins

andminerals.ChineseofficiaIswiIIcontinuetorecordthehealth

recordsofthepeopIeinLinxianformanyyears.FornowofficiaIs

reportedlyareconsideringusingtheresultsofthe

study.(50).A.Theeighthgroupreceivedsugarpillsthathad

noeffect.B.Fungusandmoldsinlocalfoodmaybepartlyresponsible

forthehighcancerrateinLinxian.C.Linxianwaschosenbecausethe

peopIetherehaveanextremelyhighrateofcancerofstomachand

esophagus(食道)・D・Scientistswarndratitistoosoontoknowifthe

effectwouldbethesameamongpeopIeinothercounties.E.Theysaya

newstudyprovidethefirstevidencethatvitaminscouIdreduceaperson5'

schanceofdevelopingcancer.F.Theywanttofindawaytoimprovethe

heaIthofpeopIeinLinxianandothersmalItownsinChina.

2.RichardWagnerRichardWagner(1813~1883)isregardedbymany[51]

"TheRevoIutionistofOpera,nwhodemoIishedalIoldforms,andwho

reconstructedthemusicdrama[52]principlesentirelyhisown.Inthe

strictest【53],thisbeIiefisnotjustified,forWagnersimplyreturned

totheoldestversionofthemusicdrama.Hefoundthattheideal

constructionoftheoperainFlorencehadbeentoproduceworkinwhich

themusic,dramaandinterpretationshouldbe[54]equalimportance.

WagnerstudiedthechangesandabuseswhichGluckhad[55]correct,

andfoundthattheopera[56]ofthenineteenthcenturyhad【57】back

intomanyoftheoldcustoms,withtheresult,thattherewasnolonger

acompIete【58】ofthethreefundamentaIsofopera.Wagnertells

usinhisautobiographythathisearlyIifewasinfIuencedbythedramas

ofShakespear,thesymphoniesofBeethoven,andtheoperasofVonWeber.

HisfirstoperaswereconstructedontheIinesoftheFrenchgrandopera.

Thefirsttwowereabsolutefailures,butwiththe[59]of”Rienzi”

in1842,WagnerwasproclaimedtheequaIvifnotthesuperior,[60]

Bellini,DonizettiandMeyerbeer.Inthewritingofthisworkhehad

discoveredthedramaticabsurditiesoftheform,[61]inhisnextwork,

“TheFlyingDutchman,11heattemptedhisfirstimportantuseoftheHIeit

motif,Horcharacteristic[62],forhisdifferentpersonages,and

alsousedthesethemes,inanticipationoftheadventofhischaracters,

inamannerhelaterdescribedas“makingtheaudienceapartofthebeing.

【63】hiswaytoDresdentoconduct"Rienzi,“WagnervisitedtheWartburg

Castle,andtherehebecamefamiIiar【64】thelegendarystorieswhich

heusedinalIhislaterworks."Tannhauser"givesanactuaIdescription

oftheMinnesingerKnights,whoinspiredWagner[65]Teutonicversions

of"TheRingoftheNibelungs","Lohengrin”,nTristanandIsolde"and

"ParsifaP.

A.case

B.angle

C.occasion

D.sense

3.Ashley''sMessageofHopei.Thebirthofanychildraisesmany

questions.Willshehavemyeyes,herdad5'ssmileWhatwi11shewant

tobewhenshegrowsupButthebiggestquestionforeveryparentis"Will

shebehealthy"2.Ourdaughter,AshIeyEIizabethNaylor,wasbornon

August12,1988.Wehadalotofmixedemotionsthedayofherbirth,

butmainIywefe11fearanddespair.ThedoctorssuspectedcompIications

（并发病），whichledtoacesareansection（剖腹产手术），buttheexact

problemwasnotknown.Twoweeksafterherbirth,chromosome（染色体）

analysisrevealedcatcrysyndrome.Thedoctorswereuncertainabouthow

thediseasewoulddevelop.Thiswasararedisorder,weweretold,and

IittIecouldbeofferedtohelpourdaughter.Thedoctorsusedthewords

"profoundlyslow,nwhichcutIikeaknifethroughourheartsandourhopes.

11wasn5tuntiIafewyearsIaterthatwereaIizedhowlittlethemedicaI

communityactuallyknewaboutcatcrysyndromeandespeciallyaboutour

littlegirI!3.AshleydefiedalIthestandardmedicallabels,aswe11

asherdoctorf1sexpectations.Herspiritanddeterminationenabledher

towalkwiththeaidofawalker（学步车）andexpressherselfusingsign

Ianguageandacommunicationdevice.Withearlyinterventionand

educationatUnitedServicesfortheHandicapped,AshIeyfoundthe

resourcesandadditionalencouragementsheneededtosucceed.Inreturn,

AshIeyfreelyofferedoneofherbestlovedandsoughtaftergifts-

herembraces.Herbrighteyesandglowingsmilecapturedtheheartsof

everyoneshemet.4.InMayof1992,Ashley19ssmalIbodycouIdnolonger

supportthespiritthatinspiredsomany.Shepassedawayafteralong

battlewithpneumonia（肺炎）.Herphysicalpresenceisgone,buther

messageremains:hope.5.Ifyouareaparentfacedwithsimilar

profoundquestionsafterthebirthofyourchild,donotassumeonedoctor

hasalItheanswers.Searchfordoctorswhorespectyourchildenough

totalktoher,notjustabouther.Aboveall,findanagencyoraschooI

thatcanhelpyougiveyourchildachancetosucceed.Earlyeducation

foryourchildandsupportforyourselfarecrucial.6.Ifyouarea

studentinahealthfield,becomeasknowIedgeabIeaspossibleandstay

currentwiththeIatestresearch,butmostimportantly,besensitiveto

thosewhoseekyourhelp.Eachwordyouspeakistakentoheart,buthope

canmakealIthedifferenceinafamily''sfuture.A.HelpingaDoctor

toSucceedB.HeartsSaddenedbyaRareDisorderofOurBabyGirIC.

SympathyandKnowIedgeShownbyMedicaIStudentsD.MessageLeftBehind

byaShortbutInspiringLifeE.HelpingYourUnIuckyKidtoSucceedF.

WondersMadebyOurSickbutCharmingLittleGirl

Paragraph5

4.PrematureSmoking:ASeriousProblemThethirdreportonsmoking

andheaIthfromtheRoyaIColIegeofPhysicians,whichwaspubIishedthis

month,containsimportantnewsectionsonthesmokinghabitsofchiIdren

andthepossibleeffect,ontheirfuturehealth.TheseincIudea

twentyfoldintheincreaseintheriskoflungcancerinheavysmokers

andanincreaseofaboutthreeandahalftimesintheriskofdyingfrom

coronary（冠状的）heartdisease;chronic（慢性的）oronchitis（支气管炎）

andemphysema（肺气肿）arealsomuchcommoner.Teachersplayanimportant

partindeterminingtheattitudeofchiIdrentosmoking,whetherornot

thechiIdrenstarttosmoke,andinprovidingknowIedgeaboutthe

consequencesofsmoking.WheneverIseechiIdrenofschooIageopenIy

smokinginpubIicvIwonderwhethertheyreallyunderstandwhattheyare

doing.Probablymostdonot.Iatleastknowthatmyclinicalpractice

inlungdiseasewiIInotbeshortofpatientsfortherestofmyworking

Iife.About34percentofboysaged15smoke,andtwothirdsofthisnumber

ofgirls.OverthepasttenyearstherehasbeenasmalIbutweIcome

reductioninthenumberofboyswhosmokeatthisage,butanincrease

inthenumberofgirls.Onelargestudyhasshownthatofthose

chiIdrenwhosmokemorethanonecigarette,asmanyas85percentbecome

habitual（习惯的）smokers.Thisispartlybecausenicotineisoneofthe

mostdependent-producingdrugsknown,onaparwithheroinandother

harddrugsinthisrespect.Oneinthreesmokersstartbeforetheage

ofnine,someevenasyoungasfive.Thecausesofprematuredeath

whichone-thirdofsmokerswiIIsuffer,andoftheprolongediIInesses

whichaffectsomanyofthem,aredescribedinthereport;itsenough

tosaythattheyoungerachiIdstartstosmokethegreaterarehischances

ofdyingearly.IthasbeenshownthatchiIdrenwhosmokehavecertain

characteristics.ComparedwithnonsmokerstheyaremorerebelIious（S

抗的），theirworkdeteriorates（使变坏）astheymoveupschool,theyare

morelikelytoleaveschooIearly,andaremoreoftendeIinquent（违法

的）andsexually（性的）precocious（早熟）.Manyofthesefeaturescanbe

summarizedasanticipationofaduIthood.Thereareanumberoffactors

whichdeterminetheonset（开始）ofsmoking,andthesearelargely

psychologicalandsocial.TheyincIudeavaliabilityofcigarettes,

curiosity,rebeIIiousness,appearingtough,anticipationofaduIthood,

sociaIconfidence,exampIeofparentsandteachers,andsmokingby

friendsandolderbrothersandsisters.ItshouIdbemucheasierto

preventchiIdrenfromstartingtosmokethantopersuadesadultstogive

upthehabitonceestabIished,butinfact,thishasprovedverydifficult.

TheexampIesetbypeopleinauthority,especiallyparents,healthcare

workers,andteachers,isofprimeimportance.Schoolrulesshouldforbid

smokingbychiIdrenonthepremises（场所）.Thisrulehasevenbeen

introducedatSummerhiIISchooIwhereIspentmyschooIdays.There

is,however,ariskofchiIdrensmokingjusttorebelagainsttherules,

andeveninthoseschooIswhichhavetriedtoenforcenosmokingby

corporeal（肉体的）punishmentthereismuchsmokingasinotherschools,

Nevertheless,banningsmokingisprobablyonbalancebeneficial.

TeacherstooshouldnotsmokeonschooIpremises,atleastnotinfront

ofchiIdren.

WhatmeasuresshouIdbetakenbyschooIstodissuadechiIdrenfromsmoking

A.Childrenshouldnotbeallowedtosmokeinschool.

B.Theirteachershouldbeforbiddentosmoke.

C.Seethatthechildrenneverstartsmoking.

D.Childrenwhosmokeshouldbeseverelypunished.

5.FluShotsOrNotItsoundedIikeagoodideawhenNewYorkCity''

smayor,RudolIphGiuliani,advisedNewYorkersrecentIytogetaflu

shot.Afterallf20,000Americanseachyeardieofinfluenza.Andthis

yearinparticular,themayorsuggested,gettingaflushotmightbean

especiallygoodidea,sinceitcouldhelpdoctorsdistinguishbetween

fluandthedeadIyinhalationsI（吸入的）formofanthrax（炭疽）.How

Bothanthraxandfluexhibitstrikinglysimilarsymptoms-fever,chills

andmuscleaches-intheearlydaysoftheinfection.Physicianswould

bequicktosuspectanthraxinanyonewhowasvaccinated（接种疫苗）

againstfluandstilldeveIopedfeverandchills.Thatwouldgivethem

abetterchancetoidentifyanynewvictimsofterrorwhiletheir

infectionwasstillinitsearIiest,mosttreatablestages.Orsothe

mayor5'sreasoningwent.Unfortunately,thereareacoupIeofproblems

withhislogic.Foronething,gettingvaccinatedagainstinfluenzadoesn

tguaranteeyouwontgetsick.Althoughhighlyeffective,thefIuvaccine

（疫苗）protectsagainstonlythedominanttypesofthediseaseandeven

thendoesnotprovide100%protection.IttakesacoupIeofweeksfor

yourbodytorespondtothevaccinewithasufficientnumberofantibodies

（抗体）.EachyearthousandsofAmericanswhogetthevaccine

neverthelessstillgettheflu.TherearealsopIentyofreasonsyou

mightdeveIopfever,chillsandmuscleachesthathavenothingtodowith

eitheranthraxorflu.Indeed,doctorsestimatethatmorethan80%of

alIfluIikeiIInesseseachwinterarecausedbyothergroupsofviruses.

Gettingvaccinatedagainstflucantprotectyouagainstsufferingfrom

theseotheriIInesses.Intheworstcase,askingalIhealthyadults

togetvaccinatedcouldactuaIIyhavetheoppositeeffecttotheone

intended,Ieadingtoevenmoredeathsifitmeanswerunoutofshots

forthosewhoaremostvulnerabletotheinfection.Alreadytherehave

beendelaysingettingthisyear''sshipmentofvaccinetoclinicsand

doctors1'offices.ThosewhoshouIdbeatthefrontoftheIineinclude

folkswhoare65orolder,nursing-homeresidentsandadultsandchiIdren

withchronichealthproblemsasweIIasanyonewhocaresfororIives

withsuchpeople.Flushotsarealsoimportantformenandwomenwhose

immunesystemisweakenedbyHIV（艾滋病病毒）orotherconditions.The

bestreasontogetthefluvaccineisthatitprotectsagainstmostflus

—notthatyou''reworriedaboutgettinganthrax.WhileinhaIationaI

anthraxhaskilledonlyfivepeopIesofar,manymorecouldbeatrisk

fromflu-relatedcompIications.There''snoneedtoworsenthetragedy

bymakingthisyear''sinfluenzaepidemicanyworse.

AskingalIhealthyadultstogetaflushotmayresultinashortageof

theflushotsforthosewhoaremostvulnerabletotheinfection.

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Notmentioned

6.MemoryClassStanFieldknowswhatagecandotoaperson1'smemory,

andhe5'snottakinganychanceswithhis.Hechooseshisfoodcarefully

andgetsplentyofexercise.Healsoavoidsstress,cocacolaand

cigarettesmoke.What1'smore,atbreakfasteachmorning,the

69-year-oldchemicalengineerswaIIowsaplatefulofpillsinthehope

ofboostinghisbrainpower.Miche11eAmoveisIessthanhalfField11

sage,butnolessconcernedabouthermemory.Whileworkingroundthe

clocktofinishadegreeinfilmstudies,the33-year-oldNewYorkerhad

thealarmingsensationthatshehadstoppedretaininganything."I

1n

couldn'tevenremembernames,shesays."Ithought,Oh,norI''mover

30.It''saildownhi11fromhere."BesidesIoadinguponsupplements,

AmovesignedupforamemoryenhancingcourseatNewYork''sMountSiani

MedicaICenter.Andwhenshegotthere,shefoundherselfsurroundedby

peopIewhowerejustasworriedasshewas.FormiIIionsofAmericans,

andespeciallyforbabyboomers（生育高峰出生的人），thedemandsofthe

InformationAgeconfIictwithasenseofdeciiningphysicaIpower."When

boomerswereintheir30sand40s,theyIaunchedthefitnessboom,nsays

CynthiaGreen,thepsychoIogistwhoteachesMountSinai''smemorycIass.

"Nowwehavethemental-fitnessboomMemoryistheboomers1Jnew

Iife-crisisissue."Andofcourseamajormarketingopportunity.The

demandforbooksandseminarshasneverbeengreater,saysJackLannom,

alongtimememorytrainerwhoseweekIyTVshow,“MindUniimited,11goes

outto33miIIionhomesontheChristianNetwork.Anxiousconsumersare

rushingtobuydo-it-yourselfprogramsandsuppIementmakersaretrying

toseiIeverythingbutsawdust（木屑）asabrainbooster.Butbefore

yougetoutyourcheckbook,afewquestionsareinorder.Doeseveryday

forgetfulnesssignaIdecliningbrainfunctionIs"megamemoryM（超级

记忆）arealisticgoalfornormaIpeopIeAndifyoucouldhaveaperfect

memory,wouldyoureallywantitUntiIrecently,noonecouldaddress

thoseissueswithmuchauthorityrbutourknowledgeofmemoryisexploding.

Newtechniquesarerevealinghowdifferentpartsofthebraininteract

topreservemeaningfuIexperiences.Biologistsaretryingtounderstand

theunderlying（潜在的）chemicalprocessesandneuroscientists（神经

系统科学家）arediscoveringhowage,stressandotherfactorscandisrupt

them.NooneisclosetofindingthesecrettoperfectrecalI,butas

you''11see,thatmaybejustaswell.

WhichofthefollowingdoesNOTindicatepeoplesenhancedawarenessof

theimportanceofmemory

A.Moredemandforcocacolaandcigarettes.

B.Moredemandforseminarsonmemory.

C.Moredemandformemory-enhancingsupplements.

D.Moredemandforbooksonmemory.

7.CigarsInsteadSmokingoneortwocigarsadaydoublestherisk

ofcancersoftheIipftongue,mouth,andthroat,accordingtoa

governmentstudy.Dailycigarsalsoincreasetheriskoflungcancer

andcanceroftheesophagus,andincreasetheriskofcancerofthelarynx

(voicebox)sixfold,sayresearchersattheNationaICancerInstitutein

Bethesda,Maryland.Inaddition,thereportrevealedthatsmoking

threeorfourcigarsadayincreasedtheriskoforalcancerto8.5times

theriskfornonsmokersandtheriskofesophageaIcancerbyfourtimes

theriskofnonsmokers.Thehealtheffectsofsmokingcigarsisone

ofeightsectionsofthearticle"Cigars:HealthEffectsandTrendsM.

Theresearchersreportthat,comparedwithacigarette,alargecigar

emitsupto90timesasmuchcarcinogenictobacco-specificnitrosamines

"ThisarticleprovidesclearandinvaIuabIeinformationaboutthe

disturbingincreaseincigaruseandthesignificantpubIichealth

consequencesforthecountry,nsaidDr.RichardKlausner,directorof

theNationaICancerInstitute,inastatement."ThedataarecIear-the

harmfulsubstancesandcarcinogensincigarsmoke,Iikecigarettes,are

associatedwiththeincreasedrisksofseveralkindsofcancersaswe11

asheartandlungdiseases,nheadded."Inotherwords,cigarsarenot

safealternativestocigarettesandmaybeaddictive.”"Tothose

individualswhomaybethinkingaboutsmokingcigars,ouradvicesis-

don''t.Tothosecurrentlysmokingcigars,quittingistheonlywayto

eliminatecompIeteIythecancer,heartandlungdiseaserisks,"warned

Klausner.AccordingtoaNationaICancerInstitutepressrelease,

therehaven1'tbeenanystudiesonthehealtheffectsonnonsmokersat

cigarsociaIevents,but"・・・asignificantbodyofevidenceclearly

demonstratesanincreasedlungcancerriskfromsecondhandsmoke.”

Inthecontextofthispassage,"secondhandsmoke'1maymean.

A.smokingbad-qualitycigars.

B.smokingverycheapcigars.

C.beingverycigarsmokerswhentheyarenotsmoking.

D.beingverynearcigarsmokerswhentheyaresmoking.

8.FoodAndCancerMedicaIexpertshavesuspectedformanyyearsthat

thereisastrongIinkbetweenwhatapersoneatsandcancer.(46).

AteamofChineseandAmericanscientistsdidthestudy.Theyarefrom

AmericanNationaICancerInstituteandtheCancerInstituteofthe

ChineseAcademyofMedicaISciencesinBeijing.TheJournalofthe

NationaICancerInstitutepubIishedtheresultsofthestudy.About

thirtythousandpeopIebetweentheagesof40to69tookpartinthestudy.

TheywerefromthenortherncentralChineseareaofLinxian.Mostofthem

tookvitaminsandmineralseverydayforfiveyears.(47).

ResearchersbeIievethatfungusandmoldsinlocalfoodsmaybepartly

responsibleforthehighcancerrate.Researchersdividedthoseinto

eightgroups.Sevenofthegroupsreceiveddifferentmixturesofvitarnins

andmineralsdaily.Theamountsofthevitaminsandmineralswere1to

2timesgreaterthanwhatAmericanhealthofficiaIssayis

needed.(48).Thosewhoseemedtogainthemostreceiveda

mixtureofaformofvitaminAcalledP-carotene,vitarninEandthe

mineralseIenium.ThevitaminandmineraIarebeIievedtopreventdamage

toceIIscausedbycancer-causingsubstances.Researchersreporteda13

percentdropincancerratesinthosewhotookP-carotene,vitaminE

andselenium.Theyalsofounda10percentdropinthenumberofdeaths

causedbystrokesfromburstingbloodvessels.(49).They

notethatthepeopIeinLinxianeatfoodsthatlacknecessaryvitamins

andminerals.ChineseofficiaIswiIIcontinuetorecordthehealth

recordsofthepeopIeinLinxianformanyyears.FornowofficiaIs

reportedlyareconsideringusingtheresultsofthe

study.(50).A.Theeighthgroupreceivedsugarpillsthathad

noeffect.B.Fungusandmoldsinlocalfoodmaybepartlyresponsible

forthehighcancerrateinLinxian.C.Linxianwaschosenbecausethe

peopIetherehaveanextremelyhighrateofcancerofstomachand

esophagus(食道).D・Scientistswarndratitistoosoontoknowifthe

effectwouldbethesameamongpeopIeinothercounties.E.Theysaya

newstudyprovidethefirstevidencethatvitaminscouIdreduceaperson1'

schanceofdevelopingcancer.F.Theywanttofindawaytoimprovethe

healthofpeopIeinLinxianandothersmalItownsinChina.

9.RichardWagnerRichardWagner(1813~1883)isregardedbymany[51]

"TheRevoIutionistofOpera,r,whodemoIishedalIoldforms,andwho

reconstructedthemusicdrama【52】principlesentirelyhisown.Inthe

strictest【53】,thisbeIiefisnotjustified,forWagnersimplyreturned

totheoldestversionofthemusicdrama.Hefoundthattheideal

constructionoftheoperainFlorencehadbeentoproduceworkinwhich

themusic,dramaandinterpretationshouldbe[54]equalimportance.

WagnerstudiedthechangesandabuseswhichGluckhad【55】correct,

andfoundthattheopera【56】ofthenineteenthcenturyhad[57]back

intomanyoftheoldcustoms,withtheresult,thattherewasnolonger

acompIete[58]ofthethreefundamentaIsofopera.Wagnertells

usinhisautobiographythathisearlyIifewasinfluencedbythedramas

ofShakespear,thesymphoniesofBeethoven,andtheoperasofVonWeber.

HisfirstoperaswereconstructedontheIinesoftheFrenchgrandopera.

Thefirsttwowereabsolutefailures,butwiththe[591of"Rienzi11

in1842,WagnerwasproclaimedtheequaIrifnotthesuperior,[601

Bellini,DonizettiandMeyerbeer.Inthewritingofthisworkhehad

discoveredthedramaticabsurditiesofthefor