高二英语人教版选修八unit5练习附答案解析

Unit5Meetingyourancestors阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）A、B、C和D）中，选AValentinaTereshkova—aspacepioneerValentinaTereshkovaparachuted(跳伞)outofover125aircraftbeforeshejumpedoutofthespacecraftVostok6.Thisunusualhobbyledtoherselectionforcosmonaut(宇航员)trainingandherachievementofbecomingthefirstwomaninspace.AsateenagerTereshkovaworkedinafactoryandtookupparachutinginhersparetime.WhenTereshkovawasselectedfortheSovietspaceprogrammein1962,shebecamethefirstpersonwithoutexperienceasatestpilot.Herselectionwasbasedonherparachutingskills.TereshkovawaschosentobethepilotoftheVostok6mission(任务).ShewasgiventhenameChaika,Russianfor‘seagull'.ThecraftliftedofffromTyuratamLaunchCentreon16thJune1963.Itre-enteredtheEarth'satmosphereon19thJuneandTereshkovaparachutedtotheground,landingnearKazakhstan,incentralAsia.WilfredThesiger—AnExplorerofthe‘EmptyQuater’WilfredThesigerwasoneofthegreatestexplorersandtravelwritersofthe20thcentury.Hediedin2003.Hisbooks,whichdescribehisjourneysinAfrica,AsiaandtheMiddleEast,havewonmanyliteraryprizes.HisbestknownbookisArabianSands,whichisabouttwojourneysthroughArabia.Peoplehavepraisedhisdescriptioninthebookofthe‘EmptyQuarter’,avast,waterlessdesert.Hespenttheyearstravellinginthe‘EmptyQuarter’,oftenaccompaniedbytheBedu,thefiercetribespeople(部落人民)livinginthearea.Thesigerfellinlovewiththedesert.Heenjoyedthe‘senseofspace,thesilence,andtheclearnessofthesand'.Itwasaplacewherehefoundpeaceandfriendship.HealsolearnedtolovetheBedu,andtheylearnedtorespecthim.Hebecameacompetentamateurdoctor.Hechosethe‘EmptyQuarter'forhisjourneysbecauseitwas‘oneoftheveryfewplaceswhereIcouldsatisfyanurgetogowhereothershadnotbeen'.1.WhatcontributedtoTereshkova'sbeingselectedfortheSovietspaceprogramme?A.Heryearsofspaceexperience.B.Herjobasaparachuteinstructor.C.Herexcellentparachutingskills.D.Herworkexperienceinafactory.2.WhatcanwelearnaboutWilfredThesiger'sbooks?A.Theywereimaginative.B.Theywereverypopular.C.Theyreceivedmanycriticalreviews.D.Theydescribedhisadventuresatsea.3.WhatkindofrelationshipdidThesigerhavewiththeBedu?A.Friendly.B.Difficult.C.Doctor-patient.D.Teacher-student.BPhillisWheatleywasthefirstblackpoetinAmericatopublishabook.Shewasbornin1753,inWestAfricaandbroughttoNewEnglandin1761,whereJohnWheatleyofBostonpurchasedherasagiftforhiswife.Althoughtheybroughtherintothehouseholdasaslave,theWheatleystookagreatinterestinPhillis'seducation.WheatleylearnedtoreadandwriteEnglishbytheageofnine,andshebecamefamiliarwithLatin,Greek,theBible,andselectedclassicsatanearlyage.Shebeganwritingpoetryatthirteen,modelingherworkontheEnglishpoetsofthetime,particularlyJohnMilton,ThomasGray,andAlexanderPope.HerpoemOntheDeathoftheRev.Mr.GeorgeWhitefieldearnedWheatleynationalacclaim(称赞).In1771,WheatleywentonatriptoLondon.ShewaswellreceivedinLondon.In1773,thirty-nineofherpoemswerepublishedinLondonasPoemsonVariousSubjects,ReligiousandMoral.Thebookincludesmanyelegies(挽歌)aswellaspoemsonChristianthemes;italsoincludespoemsdealingwithrace,suchasOnBeingBroughtfromAfricatoAmerica.AfterMr.andMrs.Wheatleydied,Philliswaslefttosupportherselfasapoet.ItisunclearwhenWheatleywasfreedfromslavery,althoughscholarssuggestitoccurredbetween1774and1778.In1776,WheatleywrotealetterandpoeminsupportofGeorgeWashington;herepliedwithaninvitationtovisithiminCambridge,statingthathewouldbe“happytoseeapersonsofavoredbytheMuses.”Becauseofthewarandthepooreconomy,Wheatleyexperienceddifficultypublishingherpoems.Shebeggedsubscribersforanewvolume(卷)thatwouldincludethirty-threenewpoemsandthirteenletters,butwasunabletoraisethemoney.PhillisWheatley,whohadoncebeeninternationallycelebrated,diedaloneon

C.Shechangedherreligion.C.Appreciative.7.WhatcanweinferaboutWheatley'ssecondvolume?A.Itwaswellreceived.C.Itwasburnedinthewar.MattHeningerwasborninIdahoFalls,Idaho,andadoptedasababy.Hehadtriedinthepasttofindinformationabouthisbirthfamilybutaftermanyunsuccessfulattempts,hedecidedtoendhissearch.AfterHeninger'swifeheardaboutaDNAtestofferedthroughA,hetookthetest.Heninger,wholivesinGilbert,Arizona,saidhewasn'tthinkingaboutfindinghisfamily;hejustwantedtofindouthisethnicity种(族渊源AncestryDNAisagenealogy(家谱)testingservicetohelppeoplediscoveralittlebitmoreabouttheirfamilystory.).“Ithoughtthatwasagreatthing,”Heningersaid.“Iknownowwheremybiologicalancestorsoriginatedfrom.Ithoughtthatwastheendofit.Ihadnoideawhatwouldhappennext.”WhenHeningercheckedhisAncestryaccountinDecember2015,hehadreceivedamessagefromsomeonewhoseDNAmatchedas“closefamily/firstcousins”.ThatmessagewasfromJoyceBurgenerfromSpanishFork,Utah.BurgenerhadtakentheAncestryDNAtestfouryearsagoandinAugust2015,shereceivedamessagethroughAthatshemayhaveapossiblefirstcousinmatch.ShesentamessagetoHeningerandwaited.Heningersentanexplanationthathedidn'tknowanythingabouthisbiologicalfamily.Burgenerofferedtohelphim.Astheycontinuedthecorrespondence(通信),amemorycametoBurgener'smindasshesoughttounderstandwhatherconnectiontoHeningercouldbe.“Astrongimpressioncameuponmeandavividmemorycameintoview,”Burgenersaid.“IimmediatelyknewwhoMattHeningerwas—hewasmybrother.”WhenBurgenerwas12yearsold,hermotherhadanotherchild,Heninger.Burgenerwasalreadyoneoffivechildrenandthefamilywaslivingaverypoorlife,sotheirmotherfeltthesituationrequiredthatsheplacethebabyforadoption.Becausetheadoptiondetailshadbeenkeptprivate,bothHeningerandBurgenerknewverylittleaboutthesituationuntiltheyconnectedthroughAncestryDNA.“ThebestthingIlookedforwardtowasmeetingJoyceandgivingherahug.Ifeelmymomthroughher,”Heningersaid.

8.WhydidMattHeningertaketheDNAtest?A.Tofindhislostchild.B.Toresearchongenealogy.B.Embarrassed.D.Slightlydisappointed.C.Theyfacedmanysocialproblems.D.TheymovedtoSpanishFork,Utah.11.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.UncoveringahiddenpastMostadvertisinginancienttimeswasword-of-mouth,thatis,peoplelikedsomethingandtoldothersaboutit.Buteventhen,peopleadvertisedbyputtinginscriptions(题字)onwalls,forexampletodisplaypoliticalslogansandtoofferhouseholdgoodsforsale.Also,inRomeandGreece,inancienttimes,itwascommonforpeopletousepapyrus,akindofpaper,toadvertisethingstheyhadlostorfound.Thetraditionofwallorrockpaintingasawayofadvertisinggoodsisevenmoreancient.Paintingdevelopedinthe15thand16thcenturies,andthisincreasedtheformsofadvertising.Handbills—smallprintednoticesandadvertisements—becamecommon.Then,bythe17thcentury,advertisementsstartedappearinginweeklynewspapersinEngland.Inthe19thcenturymailordercataloguesappeared,promotingallkindsofgoods.Finally,advertisementsinthe1960sbecamemorecreativeandmoreinteresting.Also,theybegantodrawattentiontothe‘uniquesellingpoints',theUSPsofproducts.Thesearethequalitiesthatmakeaproductdifferentfromcompetitors'products.Thesedays,advertisershavecomeupwithnewwaysofpromotingtheirproducts.Forexample,productplacementisnowcommon.ThisisadvertisinginTVprogrammesorfilmsbyhavingacharacter,preferablyplayedbyafamousactor,useaparticularproduct.Forexample,TomCruise'scharacterinthemovie,MinorityReport,hadacomputerwiththeNokialogo(商标)onit,andhiswatchwasclearlymadebyBulgari.TVcommercialsareaveryeffectivemediumforadvertisers,thoughtheseareveryexpensive.Ifanorganisationwantstohavea30-secondTVadvertduringtheannualSuperbowlgameintheUnitedStates,theyhavetopayabout$2.5million.Perhapsthemostinterestingdevelopmentistheuseoffamouspersonalitiestoendorse(代言)aproduct.Thebasketballplayer,MichaelJordan,endorsedNikeproductsandworethemwhileplaying.Gettingwell-knownpersonalitiestoendorseaproductcanbeveryexpensive,butendorsementscertainlyincreaseaproduct'ssales,especiallyifthepersonalityhasapositiveimageintheeyesofthepublic.

12.WhatisParagraph1mainlyabout?A.Theinfluenceofadvertising.B.Thedevelopmentofadvertising.C.Waysofadvertisinginancienttimes.D.Typesofproductadvertisinginancienttimes.13.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaboutadvertisementsinthe1960s?A.Theywerecomplicatedandentertaining.B.Theycontainedquitealotofinformation.C.TheyweremainlyshowninTVprogrammes.D.Theyfocusedonthespecialfeaturesofproducts.14.Inproductplacement,advertiserstendtouseA.cartooncharacters.B.intelligentpeopleC.fictionalcharactersD.popularactorsoractresses15.Whatisthebenefitofendorsements?A.Theyarenotexpensive.B.Theyarefairlyinteresting.C.Theypromoteproductsales.D.Theypassonpositivemessages.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。TipsforwritinganeffectiveapplicationessayWhenyouapplytocollege,you'llneedtocompleteanessayaspartofyourapplication.Thisisyouropportunitytoshowadmissionofficerswhoyouareandtoprovideinformationaboutyourself.Theessayalsoshowswhatyoucandowhenyouhavetimetothinkandworkonawritingproject.16Chooseatopicthatwillhighlight(突出)you.Don'tfocusonthenumberofextracurricularactivities(课外活动)youtookpartinduringhighschool.17Takeacreativeapproachandhighlightareasthataren'tcoveredinotherpartsoftheapplication,likeyourhighschoolrecords.18Don'ttrytocovertoomanytopics.Thiswillmaketheessaysoundlikearésuméthatdoesn'tprovideanydetailsaboutyou.Dofocusononeaspectofyourselfsothereaderscanlearnmoreaboutwhoyouare.Show,don’ttell.Don'tsimplystateafacttogetanideaacross,suchas“Iliketosurroundmyselfwithpeoplewithavarietyofbackgroundsandinterests.”19Fortheexampleabove,describeasituationwhenyouweresurroundedbyvarioustypesofpeople.Whatwereyoudoing?Whomdidyoutalkwith?Whatdidyoulearnfromtheexperience?Useyourownvoice.20Thesecouldincludestatementslike,“ThereissomuchsufferingintheworldthatIfeelIhavetohelppeople.”Dowriteinyourownvoice.Fortheaboveexample,youcouldwriteaboutarealexperiencethatyouhadandhowitmadeyoufeelyouhadtotakeaction.A.Askateacherorparenttoproofread.B.Keepyourfocusnarrowandpersonal.C.Checkoutthesetipsbeforeyoubegin.D.Doshareyourpersonalstoryandthoughts.E.Don'trelyonphrasesorideasthatpeoplehaveusedmanytimesbefore.F.Notethatadmissionofficerscantellifyouressaywaseditedbyanadult.G.Doincludespecificdetails,examples,reasonsandsoontodevelopyourideas.完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Severalyearsago,Idecidedtochangemyjobandattendedaninterview.Duringtheinterview,theinterviewercoveredthe21questionsaboutmyworkhistory,educationandgoals.Then,heasked,“Whateventoraccomplishmentinyourlifehasmadeyouthe22?”Ipausedforamoment,andtoldhimmyproudestmomentwasn'tanythingIdid,23somethingmydaughterdidtenyearsbefore.ThenItoldhimthestoryofJulie's24.Manyyearsearlier,mybrother25fromSt.Louis,tellingmethatmymomwouldn'treceiveherbenefitsforseveralmonths.26,shewouldhavetoliveoffhersmallsavings.Atthesuppertablethatevening,ItoldmyhusbandIwasgoingtosendMomsome27.Ourconversationwascutshortbyaphonecall.Aneighbor28Julietobabysit.Atfourteen,Juliewasalwayslookingforwaysto29spendingmoney.Thefollowingmorning,she30meanenvelope.WhenIlookedatthe31andsawitwasformymom,Igaveherabighug.ItoldherhowproudIwasofherfortakingthetimeto32hergrandma.Shesmiled.Aweeklater,mybrothercalledagain,thankingmeforthecheckandtellingmehowMomcriedwhenshegotJulie's33.HetoldmeJuliehad34hergrandmathefivedollarsshehadearnedbabysitting.Inherletter,shetoldGrandmato35itonwhateversheneeded.Icontinued,“Iknowthatisn'treallyajob36,butthat'swhatmademetheproudestinmylife.”Aweeklater,Iwasgiventhejob.Mybosstoldmeafterhearingaboutmystory,he37Iwasthetypeofemployeehewantedto38inhisorganization.Thistime,Iwastherecipient接(受者)ofJulie'sgift.Onceagain,hersimpleactof39givenfromtheheartsomanyyearsbeforehad40.21.A.challengingB.awkwardC.difficultD.expected22.A.proudest23.A.andB.strongestB.norC.happiestC.butD.luckiestD.even24.A.wishB.giftC.braveryC.droveC.SillD.secret25.A.calledB.traveledB.OtherwiseB.foodD.shoutedD.ThereforeD.presentsD.encouragedD.earn26.A.However27.A.necessities28.A.wanted29.A.borrow30.A.bought31.A.address32.A.visitC.moneyC.advisedC.investC.sparedC.titleB.allowedB.saveB.handedB.stampB.writeD.returnedD.messageD.missC.thankC.letterC.lent33.A.picture34.A.awarded35.A.change36.A.opportunity37.A.decided38.A.playB.storyB.broughtB.putD.cardD.sentC.spendD.wasteB.accomplishmentC.applicationD.interviewD.agreedD.workB.promisedB.followC.admittedC.competeC.love39.A.patience40.A.comeoutB.obedienceB.paidoffD.gratitudeD.workedoutC.madesense参考答案1-5CBABD6-10CBCCB16-20CDBGE26-30DCADB36-40BADCB部分解析11-15DCDDC21-25DACBA31-35ABCDC阅读理解：第一节：A篇(社会)

本文是应用文。文章主要介绍了世界第一名女航天员ValentinaTereshkova和20世纪伟大的冒险家、游记作家WilfredThesiger。1.C。细节理解题。由ValentinaTereshkova—aspacepioneer部分第selectionwasbasedonherparachutingskills可知，Tereshkova在1962年被挑选去三段中的Her完成苏联太空计划任务，完全是基于她跳伞的技能。2.B。细节理解题。段中的Hisbooks...havewonmanyliteraryprizes和Peoplehavepraisedhisdescriptioninthebookofthe‘EmptyQuarter'可知，WilfredThesiger的书赢得了由WilfredThesiger—AnExplorerofthe‘EmptyQuater’部分第一众多文学奖，得到了人们的赞美。3.A。细节理解题。由最后一段中的HealsolearnedtolovetheBedu,andtheylearnedtorespecthim可知，Thesiger与Bedu的关系很友好。B篇(个人情况)本文是记叙文。文章主要介绍了美国早期非裔诗人菲莉斯·惠特莉。段中的HerpoemOntheDeathoftheRev.Mr.GeorgeWhitefieldearnedWheatleynationalacclaim可知，菲莉斯·惠特莉的了国家4.B。细节理解题。由第一诗歌为她赢得赞誉。5.D。细节理解题。由第二段中的thirty-nineofherpoemswerepublishedinLondonasPoemsonVariousSubjects,ReligiousandMoral可知，菲莉斯·惠特莉在伦敦出版了她的诗集。6.C。观点态度题。由最后一段中的herepliedwithaninvitationtovisithiminCambridge,statingthathewouldbe“happytoseeapersonsofavoredbytheMuses.”可知，乔治·华盛顿对菲莉斯·惠特莉赞誉有加。7.B。理推判断题。由最后一段中的Wheatleyexperienceddifficultypublishingherpoems和butwasunabletoraisethemoney以及Manyofthepoemsforherproposedsecondvolumedisappearedandhaveneverbeenrecovered可知，菲莉斯·惠特莉计划出版的第二卷诗集因为没能筹集够资金而未能出版。C篇(现代技术)AncestryDNA是一种帮助人们探寻家庭历史的测试，它帮助Heninger找到了自己的家本文是记叙文。人。

8.C。细节理解题。由第一于出生家庭的信息，但是都没有任何结果，他的妻子听说了DNA测试后，MattHeninger参加了测试，希望能够了解一9.C。推理判断题。由第四段中的Ihadnoideawhatwouldhappennext以及第、二段的描述可知，MattHeninger过去一直在寻找关些关于家谱的信息。五段的描述可知，Heninger并没有预料到后面发生的事情，所以当他收到来自JoyceBurgener的信息显示“近亲/表亲”时，他应该感到很惊喜。10.B。细节理解题。由倒数第三段中的Burgenerwasalreadyoneoffivechildren...sheplacethebabyforadoption可知，当Heninger出生时，他家已经有五个孩子，而且过着非常贫苦的生活。11.D。标题归纳题。通读全文可知，AncestryDNA是一种帮助人们探寻家庭历史的测试，它帮助Heninger找到了自己的家人，故D项标题符合文章主旨。D篇(社会)本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了广告在历史上的发展变化以及现代广告的三种方式。12.C。段落大意题。由第一段中的word-of-mouth，puttinginscriptionsonwalls，usepapyrus和wallorrockpainting可知，该段主要介绍了古代人们做广告的方式。13.D。推理判断题。由第三段中的theybegantodrawattentiontothe‘uniquesellingpoints'...thequalitiesthatmakeaproductdifferentfromcompetitors'products可知，20世纪60年代的广告开始关注产品的独特卖点，这些独特卖点是把产品区别于竞争对手产品的独特品质。14.D。细节理解题。由倒数第四段中的...preferablyplayedbyafamousactor...可知，在植入式广告中，广告商倾向于用著名演员。15.C。细节理解题。由最后一段中的endorsementscertainlyincreaseaproduct'ssales可知，用名人代言能够增加产品的销量。第二节：话题：学校生活本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了如何写一篇有说服力的大学申请个人