初中英语时态总结及专项练习

初中英语时态总结一、一般现在时1.概念：经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况。2.时间状语：Always,usually,often,sometimes,everyweek(day,year,month…),onceaweek(day,year,month…),onSundays,3.基本结构：动词原形（如主语为第三人称单数，动词上要改为第三人称单数形式）4.+am/is/are其他;don't,如主语为第三人称单数，则用doesn't，同时还原行为动词。5.bedodoes，同时，还原行为动词。6.例句：.Itseldomsnowshere.Heisalwaysreadytohelpothers.Actionspeakslouderthanwords..动词+s的变化规则1．一般情况下，直接加，如：cook-cooks,milk-milks2s.x.sh.ch.-es：guess-guesses,wash-washes,watch-watches,go-goes3．以辅音字母结尾，变y为i,再加-es，如：study-studies二、一般过去时1.概念：过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态；过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。2.时间状语：ago,yesterday,thedaybeforeyesterday,lastweek,last(year,night,month…),in1989,justnow,attheageof5,oneday,longlongago,onceuponatime,etc.3.基本结构：be动词；行为动词的过去式4.否定形式：主语+was/were+not+其他;在行为动词前加didn't，同时还原行为动词。5.was或were放于句首；用助动词do的过去式did提问，同时还原行为动词。6.例句：Sheoftencametohelpusinthosedays.Ididn'tknowyouweresobusy.动词过去式变化规律①一般情况下，在动词原形后直接加ed。如：wanted，played。②以不发音的字母e结尾的动词，直接加d。如：hoped，lived。③重读闭音节单词需双写最后一个辅音字母，再加ed。如：stopped,shipped。④以辅音字母+y结尾的动词变y为，再加ed。如：studied，。⑤有些动词不符合上面的规则，需要特殊记忆。三、现在进行时1.概念：表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行为。2.时间状语：Now,atthistime,days,etc.look.listen3.基本结构：主语+be+doing+其他4.否定形式：主语+be+not+doing+其他5.一般疑问句：把be动词放于句首。6.例句：Howareyoufeelingtoday?Heisdoingwellinhislessons.动词加ing的变化规则1．一般情况下，直接加ing，如：cook---cookingwork---working2．以不发音的e结尾，去e加ing，如：make-making,taste-tasting3．如果末尾是一个元音字母和一个辅音字母，双写末尾的辅音字母，再加ing，如：run-running,stop-stopping四、现在完成时在的动作或状态。far,bylately,inthepastfewyears,etc.其他+not过去分词）+其他或has。writtenanarticle.Thecountrysidehaschangedalotinthepastfewyears.五、一般将来时nextday(week,month,year…),soon,inafewminutes,by…,thedayaftertomorrow,etc.+goingto++notgoingtonotaregoingtohaveacompetitionwithusinstudies.Itisgoingtorain.名词复数的不规则变化1）child---childrenfoot---feettooth---teethmouse---miceman---menwoman---women注意：与man和woman构成的合成词，其复数形式也是-men。如：anEnglishmanEnglishmen.但German不是合成词，故复数形式为Germans；Bowman是姓，其复数是theBowmans。2）单复同形如：deer，sheep，Japanese，twothreejin但除人民币元、角、分外，美元、英镑、法郎等都有复数形式。如:adollar,twodollars;ameter,twometers3）集体名词，以单数形式出现，但实为复数。如：people.policeaa但可以说aheadofcattle,thetheJapanese，theSwiss等名词，表示国民总称时，作复数用。如：TheChineseareindustriesand4）以s结尾，仍为单数的名词，如：a.b.news是不可数名词。c.theUnitedUnitedTheUnitedNationswasorganizedin1945年组建起来的。d.以复数形式出现的书名，剧名，报纸，杂志名，也可视为单数。"TheArabianNights"isaveryinterestingstory-book.<<一千零一夜>>是一本非常有趣的故事书。5)表示由两部分构成的东西，如：glasses(眼镜)trousers,clothes若表达具体数目，要借助数量词pair(对，双);suit(套);apairofglasses;twopairsoftrousers6）（各种）鱼一、一般现在时1.概念：经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况。2.时间状语：Always,usually,often,sometimes,everyweek(day,year,month…),onceaweek(day,year,month…),onSundays,3.基本结构：动词原形（如主语为第三人称单数，动词上要改为第三人称单数形式）4.+am/is/are其他;don't,如主语为第三人称单数，则用doesn't，同时还原行为动词。5.bedodoes，同时，还原行为动词。6.例句：.Itseldomsnowshere.Heisalwaysreadytohelpothers.Actionspeakslouderthanwords..[编辑本段]二、一般过去时1.概念：过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态；过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。2.时间状语：ago,yesterday,thedaybeforeyesterday,lastweek,last(year,night,month…),in1989,justnow,attheageof5,oneday,longlongago,onceuponatime,etc.3.基本结构：be动词；行为动词的过去式4.否定形式：主语+was/were+not+其他;在行为动词前加didn't，同时还原行为动词。5.was或were放于句首；用助动词do的过去式did提问，同时还原行为动词。6.例句：Sheoftencametohelpusinthosedays.Ididn'tknowyouweresobusy.[编辑本段]三、现在进行时1.概念：表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行为。2.时间状语：Now,atthistime,days,etc.look.listen3.基本结构：主语+be+doing+其他4.否定形式：主语+be+not+doing+其他5.一般疑问句：把be动词放于句首。6.例句：Howareyoufeelingtoday?Heisdoingwellinhislessons.[编辑本段]四、过去进行时1.概念：表示过去某段时间或某一时刻正在发生或进行的行为或动作。2.时间状语：atthistimeyesterday,atthattime或以when引导的谓语动词是一般过去时的时间状语等。3.基本结构主语+was/were+doing其他4.否定形式：主语+was/were+not+doing+其他5.一般疑问句：把was或were放于句首。第一个字母大写）6.例句：AtthattimeshewasworkinginaPLAunit.Whenhecamein,Iwasreadinganewspaper.[编辑本段]五、现在完成时1.在的动作或状态。2.时间状语：yet,already,just,never,ever,sofar,bynow,since+时间点，for+时间段，recently,lately,inthepastfewyears,etc.3.基本结构：主语+have/has+p.p（过去分词）其他4.否定形式：主语+have/has+not+p.p（过去分词）其他5.一般疑问句：have或has。6.例句：I'vewrittenanarticle.Thecountrysidehaschangedalotinthepastfewyears.[编辑本段]六、过去完成时1.为，即过去的过去。2.时间状语：Before,bytheendoflastyear(term,month…),etc.3.基本结构：主语+had+p.p（过去分词）其他4.否定形式：主语+had+not+p.p其他5.一般疑问句：had放于句首。6.例句：Assoonaswegottothestation,thetrainhadleft.Bytheendoflastmonth.Wehadreviewedfourbooks基本结构：主语+had+p.p（过去分词）其他①肯定句：主语+had+p.p（过去分词）其他②否定句：主语+had+not+p.p其他③一般疑问句：Had+主语+p.p（过去分词）其他④特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词一般疑问句[编辑本段]七、一般将来时1.概念：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。2.时间状语：Tomorrow,nextday(week,month,year…),soon,inafewminutes,by…,thedayaftertomorrow,etc.3.基本结构：主语+am/is/are+goingto+do+其他；主语+will/shall+do+其他4.否定形式：主语+am/is/arenotgoingtodo；主语+will/shallnotdo+其他5.一般疑问句：bewill/shall提到句首。6.例句：Theyaregoingtohaveacompetitionwithusinstudies.Itisgoingtorain.[编辑本段]八、过去将来时1.概念：立足于过去某一时刻，从过去看将来，常用于宾语从句中。2.时间状语：Thenextday(morning,year…),thefollowingmonth(week…),etc.3.基本结构：主语+was/were+goingto+其他；主语+would/should+do+其他4.否定形式：主语+was/were/not+goingto+do;主语+would/should+not+do.5.一般疑问句：was或were放于句首；would/should提到句首。6.例句：HesaidhewouldgotoBeijingthenextday.Iaskedwhowasgoingthere.[编辑本段]九、将来完成时1.概念：在将来某一时刻之前开始的动作或状态2.时间状语：bythetimeof;bytheendof+时间短语（将来）;bythetime+从句（将来）3.基本结构：主语+begoingto/will/shall+have+p.p（过去分词）其他4例句:Bythetimeyougetback,greatchangeswillhavetakenplaceinthisarea.[编辑本段]十、现在完成进行时1.在继续，并可能延续到将来。2.基本结构：主语+have/has+been+doing+其他3.时间状语：since+时间点，for+时间段等。4.例子：Ihavebeensittinghereforanhour.ThechildrenhavebeenwatchingTVsincesixo'clock.[编辑本段]十一、一般过去时与现在完成时的转换在现在完成时中，延续性动词能与表示一段时间的状语连用，瞬间动词却不能。但是，可用一段时间+“Itis+一段时间+since+一般过去时自从……以来有……时间itis来代替Ithasbeen;④瞬间动词用于“Sometimehaspassedsince+一般过去时的句型中。请看：A.HejoinedtheLeaguetwoyearsago.B.HehasbeenintheLeaguefortwoyears.C.ItistwoyearssincehejoinedtheLeague.D.TwoyearshaspassedsincehejoinedtheLeague.[编辑本段]十二、一般现在时与现在进行时的转换在一般现在时中，at加上名词表示处于某种状态，如atwork（在工作）,atschool（上学、上课）等。此短语可与进行时态转换。请看：Peterisatwork,butMikeisatplay.Peterisworking,butMikeisplaying.[编辑本段]十三、现在进行时与一般将来时的转换在现在进行时态中go,come,leave,start,arrive等动词常与表示将来的时间状语连用表示将要发生的动作。如：Iamcoming,Mum!意为我就来，妈妈！请看：Thetrainisleavingsoon.Thetrainwillleavesoon.B.1.Mysister_____theYouthLeaguelastyear.She_____aYouthLeaguememberforaboutayearnow.A.joined…hasbecomeC.hasjoined…hasbeenB.joined…hasbeenD.didjoin…hadbeenC.2.Neitherofus______adoctor.A.wereC.3.MrZhaodoesn’tlikeswimming,_____?A.didn’theB.didheC.doesheD.won’theC.4.I’lltalktohimwhenhe______.A.comeB.willcomeC.5.They_____supperwhenwe_____intotheroom.B.amC.isD.areC.comesD.cameA.arehaving…wentB.werehaving…goC.werehaving…wentD.arehaving…goD.6.We’llgoclimbingifit_____tomorrow.A.won’trainA.7.Idon’tknowifit_____tomorrow.A.willrainB.rainsD.8.NathanHale____he____hislifeforhiscountry.B.didrainC.isn’trainD.doesn’trainC.rainedD.israinA.said…giveB.says…willgiveC.said…givesD.said…wouldgiveC.9.Mostpeople____A.enjoytowatchB.enjoywatchC.enjoywatchingD.enjoyswatchingA.10.Father____hiscapandwentout.A.putonB.putsonC.hadputD.willputonB.11.Howlong_____youruncle____inthearmy?A.has…joinedB.has…beenC.does…joinD.had…joinedD.12.Peter_____theworkinaweek.A.havefinishedB.finishesC.isfinishingD.willfinishA.13.Thestudents_____theHistoryMuseumifit_____finetomorrow.A.willvisit….isB.willvisit…willbeC.wouldvisit…wasD.wouldvisit…wouldbeA.14.Joan____mewhetherI_____thebookbefore.A.asked…hadreadB.asked…shallreadD.asked…hasreadC.asked…wouldreadC.15.Bytheendoflastterm,we_____BookFive.A.havelearnedB.wouldlearnC.hadlearnedD.werelearningA.16._____she_____herlessonsatsevenyesterdayevening?A.Was…goingoverB.Is…gooverC.Has…goneoverD.Will…gooverC.17.Hecan’tgotothecinemawithmebecausehe____ameeting.A.washavingA.18.Bothofthetwodictionaries____veryuseful.A.areB.isC.wasC.19.He_____tomesincelastmonth.B.wouldhaveC.ishavingD.hadD.amA.didn’twriteB.dn’twrittenD.won’twriteC.hasn’twrittenD.20.XuPing____toJapanonlyonce.A.hasgoneB.hadgoneB.21.Nobody____theanswer.C.hadbeenD.hasbeenA.haveknownB.knewC.didn’tknowD.areknowingB.22.______youever____toNanjing?A.Have…goneB.Have…beenC.Do…goD.Will…goC.23.He____he____somethingwrongbefore.A.says…wasB.say….havedoneC.said…haddoneD.said…woulddoD.24.He____mehe____aninterestingbook.A.tell…wouldborrowC.tell…willborrowB.told…willborrowD.told…hadborrowedB.25.ThomasEdison____already____achemistrylabforhimselfbythetimehe____ten.A.has…built…wasB.had…built…wasD.was…building…isC.would…build…wasA.26.Attheageofeleven,mygrandfather_____toworkinafactory.A.beganB.hasbegunC.willbeginD.beginsD.27.OnedaywhileI____alongthestreet,I____someonecalling.A.walked…washearingC.waswalking…hadheardC.28.NeitherInorhe_____.B.waswalking…hasheardD.waswalking…heardA.canswimswellB.areswimmingwellC.swimswellD.haveswumwellD.29.____you____whereyoursisterhasgone?A.Did…knowB.Will…knowC.Are…knowD.won’tdoC.isnotcleanedD.notiscleanedD.Do…knowC.30.Betty____morningexercisesyesterday.A.notdidB.don'tdoC.didn’tdoC.31.Thedoorofherroom_____everyday.A.arenotcleanedB.notarecleanedD.32.Norubbish____forthreeweeks.A.collectedB.iscollectedC.hascollectedB.33.By1980thebridge______.D.hasbeencollectedA.wascompletedB.hadbeencompletedD.havebeencompletedC.hasbeencompletedB.34.Anotherrailwaybridge____therenow.A.isbuildingB.isbeingbuiltC.isbuiltD.hasbeenbuiltD.35.____thewaterinthewetclothes____vapornow?A.Are…turnedintoC.Are…beingturnedintoB.Is…turnedintoD.Is…beingturnedintoC.36.____thisfilm____lastweek?A.Did…showB.Has…beenshownC.Was…shownD.Was…beshownA.37.Hetoldmethatthecomposition____byhim.A.wasnotwrittenB.notwaswrittenC.isnotwrittenD.notiswrittenD.38._____theplay____againnextweek?A.Will…putonB.Is…putonC.illbe…putonD.Will…beputonA.39._____theexercises____tomorrow?A.May…behandedinC.Maybehanded…inB.Maybe…handedinD.Mayhanded…inB.40.She____toahospitalatonce.A.mustsendB.mustbesentC.musttobesentD.hadtosendB.41.Mikeusually____upatsixinthemorning.A.getB.getsC.gotD.willgetB.42.Thesun_____uslightandheat.A.giveB.givesC.willgiveA.43.Tomlookedsadandcried,“I____terrible!”A.amfeelingBfeelsC.willfeelD.44.Atthattime,things_____hardfortheworkingpeople.A.isB.areC.wasD.wereD.45.Longlongago,there____afarmerinasmallvillage.A.areB.wereC.isD.livedD.oftengiveD.havefeltC.46.CouldyoushowmethewaytoNo,5MiddleSchool?I’mafraidIcouldn’t.I_____never_____there.A.do…goB.did…goC.have…beenD.had…beenC.47.We____ameetingthesedays.A.haveA.48.Theoldestkindofcomputer_____theabacus.A.isB.wasC.hasbeenD.havebeenB.49.I____theboyintheclassroomjustnow.A.seeB.sawC.haveseenD.50.MrBlackwassurprised,“I______Ilostmywallet.“B.hadC.arehavingD.werehavingD.hadseenA.knowB.don’tknowC.knewD.didn’tknowD.51.Theguardsaid,“Iamsorry.I____.”A.don’tknowitisyouB.didn’tknowitisyouC.don’tknowitwasyouD.didn’tknowitwasyouB.52.ThefishermansaidtotheGenie,“You’resobigandjarissosmall.____youreallyinthejar?”A.AreB.WereC.WasD.Wasn’tB.53.Heisgoingtobeadoctorwhenhe_____.A.growupB.growsupC.willgrowupD.isgoingtogrowupB.54.Grandmasaidshewouldtellmeastorywhenshe_____.A.hastimeB.hadtimeC.wouldhavetimeB.55.I’lltellhimallaboutitassoonashe____.D.wouldhastimeA.comebackB.comesbackB.56.____wesetoffrightaway?C.willcomebackD.isgoingcomebackA.WillB.ShallC.AreD.DoD.57.Itseemsit______.A.willrainA.58.Mylittlesister____sixnextmonth.A.willbeB.shallbeC.canbeB.shallrainC.rainsD.isgoingtorainD.isgoingtoB.59.Godownthestreetandturnrightatthefirstcrossing.You_____ourschool.A.findB.willfindC.shallfindD.aregoingtofindA.60.It’snothingserious.Yourson____allrightbysuppertime.A.willbeB.shallbeC.isD.isgoingtobeB.61.Workhard,andyou____catchupwiththeothers.A.canbeB.WillC.shallD.aregoingtoC.62.WhereisJenny?She____inthenextroom.A.dosomereadingC.isdoingsomereadingB.doessomereadingD.willdosomereadingD.63.Look!Tom____intheriver.A.goswimmingB.goesswimmingC.goingtoswimmingD.isswimmingD.64.Hissister_____cakes.That’swhyherhandsareallcoveredwithflour（面粉）.A.makesB.madeC.willmakeD.ismakingC.65.Listencarefully!Canyouhearwhattheprofessor____?A.talksaboutB.talkedaboutC.istalkingaboutD.willtalkaboutC.66.What____you____thistimeyesterday?A.do…doD.67.WhenIgotthere,theBrowns____atthelunchtable.A.issitingB.aresittingC.wassitingC.68.ItsuddenlybegantorainwhileI______thebus.A.waitB.waitedC.waswaitingforC.69.It____hardwhenIwasonmywaytothecinema.A.rainB.rainingC.wasrainingD.wererainingB.70.Thetrainwillarrive_____.A.afteranhourB.inanhourC.71.HowmayEnglishfilms____sincelastyear?B.are…doingC.were…doingD.ould…doD.weresittingD.werewaitingforC.anhourlaterD.foranhourD.hadyouseenA.doyouseeB.didyouseeC.haveyouseenC.72._____thefilmyet?Yes.I______itjustnow.A.Doyousee…seeB.Didyousee…haveseenC.Haveyouseen…sawD.Haveyouseen…haveseenC.73.MrSmithworksinBeijing.He____since1978.A.hascomethereB.hascamethereC.hasbeenthereD.hasgonethereD.74.ComradeWangcamebacklastnight.Where_____?C.hashebeenA.hashegoneB.hadhegoneWhere_____?D.hadhebeenD.hadshebeenA.75.MrsBrownisout.A.hasshegoneB.hadshegoneC.hasshebeenD.76.Hergrandma____forfiveyears.A.diesB.hasdiedC.wasdeadD.hasbeendeadA.77.Haveyou____heardthestoryaboutEdison?A.everD.78.Heaskedifyou____toPeter.A.wroteB.hadwroteB.neverC.evenD.onceC.havewroteD.hadwrittenB.79.Thelights____whenIgottothecinema.A.havealreadygoneoutC.havealreadybeoutB.hadalreadygoneoutD.hadalreadywentoutC.80.DidyougiveatickettoLiHuayesterday?No,Becauseshe____forherself.A.hasboughtitB.hasboughtoneC.hadboughtoneD.,hadboughtitC.81.Yesterdaysomeforeignfriendscametoourvillage.They____alongwaybeforetheyarrivedA.traveledD.82.BythetimeIleftschoolI____Englishforsixyears.A.studiedB.hasstudiedC.havestudiedD.83.Howmanyconcerts____bytheendofnextmonth.B.havetraveledC.hadtraveledD.aretravellingD.hadstudiedA.doesthepianistgiveB.hadthepianistgivenD.isthepianistgoingtogiveC.hasthepianistgivenC.84.He____forthreeyears.A.hasjoinedtheYouthLeagueC.hasbeenaLeaguememberA.85.Thedayaftertomorrow____mybirthday.B.hadjoinedtheYouthLeagueD.hadbeenaLeaguememberA.willbeB.shouldbeC.maybeD.isgoingtobeB.86.TheworkerssaidthattheywouldallleaveifJohn_____.A.stayD.87.I_____amanagerwhenIgrowup.A.willtobeB.shallbeB.stayedC.staysC.amD.wasgoingtostayD.amgoingtobeD.washavingB.88.IwentoutwiththemafterI____ameeting.A.haveB.hadC.havehadC.89.I’veworkedinthefactory____.A.sincethreeyearsB.beforethreeyearsD.forthreeyearsagoC.sincethreeyearsagoB.90.Joanisnothere.She_____inthenextroom.A.doessomewashingB.isdoingsomewashingD.hasdonesomewashingC.willdosomewashingD.91.Iwrotealetterfivedaysago,butI_____itinmypocketallthesedays.A.keepB.keptC.havekeepingD.havekeptB.92.We____aboutyoujustnow.A.aretalkingB.weretalkingB.93.LiuPingsaidshe____tomyhousetomorrow.A.willcomeB.wouldcomeC.willgoC.94.Ihavejusthadmylunch.I_____itathome.A.havehadB.hadhadC.hadA.95.Thefarmers_____onthefarmwhensuddenlyastrangevoicewasheard.A.wereworkingB.workedC.areworkingD.workC.talkD.havetalkedD.wouldgoD.haveD.96.TheBritishofficersknewthatNathanHalewasanAmericanspy,becausethey____thathe____somedrawingsoftheirdefenceworksA.found…madeB.hasfound…madeD.found…hadmadeC.hadfound…madeB.97.Mybrother____inthepaperfactorysincehe____collegethreeyearsago.A.hadworked…leftB.hasworked…leftC.hadworked…wasleavingD.hasworked…wasleavingA.98.Ourmathsteacher____thepostofficewhenI_____him.A.waspassing…sawB.passed…wasseeingC.passed…hadseenD.waspassing…wasseeingB.99.HeaskedmewhetherI____theplaybefore.A.haveseenB.hadseenC.sawA.100.Therainstoppedtenminutes_____.A.agoB.beforeC.afterA.101.Mybrother_____thearmyforthreeyears.A.hasbeeninB.hasjoinedC.hastakenpartinA.102.MrBlackhassoldhiscar.He_____anewone.A.isgoingtobuyB.isbuyingA.103.Hewenttobedafterhe____hiswork.A.didB.doesC.hasdoneC.104.Yourmother_____youatthegate.A.waitsforB.waitforA.105.Where___you_____?A.ve…been…havebeentoD.wasseeingD.sinceD.hasgottoC.buysD.wasgoingtobuyD.havedoneC.iswaitingforI______thelibrary.D.waitingforB.have…been…havegonetoD.have…gone…havegonetoC.have…gone…havegonetoC.106.____whenschoolwasoveryesterday?A.DoesitrainB.DiditrainC.WasitrainingD.IsitrainingC.107.I____alettertoyoulastmonth._____you____it?A.avewritten…Have…receivedB.hadwritten…Have…receivedC.wrote…Have…receivedD.wasriting…Did…writeA.108.Howlong_____Jack?A.haveyouknownC.didyouknowB.haveyougottoknowD.didyougettoknowC.110.MrBlackisn’tin.Buthe____athomeataboutseventonight.Heusually____backfromworkataquartertoseven.A.willbe…willcomeC.willbe…comesB.is…willcomeD.is…comesD.111.Thetrain____herefortenminutes.A.hasstoppedB.hascomeI____itamomentago.C.havelostD.waslostC.113.Youaremypupilnow,becauseI____youalittle.A.teachB.willteachC.havetaughtD.114.Whenheseesme,healways____tome.A.smileB.issmilingB.115.Ithinkhe____rightnow.A.readsB.isreadingC.116.WheneverI____thesedays.Ialwayscarrymyumbrella.A.wil