Ergonomics人机工程学培训课件

Ergonomics人因工程Makingthejob

fittheworker让工作更适合工人(人性化)Ergonomicslooksat:Workstation工站Tools工具Motions动作Physical

condition物理(体格)状况Physicallimitations受限Environment环境1Musculoskeletaldisorders

肌肉骨骼疾病(缩写为MSDs)Musculoskeletaldisorders=MSDs2aMSDsymptoms症状Dull,achingsensation迟钝或疼痛Discomfortwithmovements活动不适Tendernesstothetouch敏感Burningsensation灼热感Pain痛苦Tingling刺痛Cramping痉挛Stiffness僵硬2bCommonMSDs常见损伤Tendinitis肌腱炎Tenosynovitis腱鞘炎Triggerfinger扳机指Raynaud’ssyndrome雷诺综合症DeQuervain’sdisease迪魁文氏症Carpaltunnelsyndrome腕管综合症2cWorkplaceriskfactors危害因素Repetitivemotions重复运动Fixed/awkwardpostures单调动作Vibration震动Force强迫Twisting/bending扭曲Elevationofelbows举高Lifting搬运3aIdentifyriskfactors识别危害因素Management/employeeinvolvement管理、员工参与Auditwork

stations检查工站Audit

procedures

调整改善4aEngineeringcontrols工程控制Preferredmethod更好方法Workstation

design

工站设计Tooldesign工具设计Equipmentdesign装备设计5aWorkstationdesign工站设计Provideadequate:充足的Workspace工作空间Workheight工作高度Support支撑Storagespace储存空间Machinecontrols机器控制6aWorkstationdesignReducestaticloading减少荷载

Raise/lowerworkingheight工作高度Removehard/sharpedges去除硬尖角Providemechanical

advantages提供机械支持Insulateheat/cold保证温度7aWorkstationredesignProvideseating/support提供座椅/支撑Improvematerial

orientation改善材料性能Improvelayout改善布局7bToolselectionshouldminimize:

工具选择要减少:Awkward,bentgrip不适感Vibration振动Excessivegripstrength过多握力Awkward

positionsto

exertforce不利发力Repetitive

motions重复运动8aAdministrativecontrols管理控制Jobrotation工作轮换Shiftlength调班长度Overtimemanagement加班管理Restbreaks休息Production

rates工作强度9aWorkpracticecontrolsUsepropertechniques运用合适技术Avoid

unnecessarysteps避免不必要的环节Jobtraining工作培训Exercise/

conditioning练习/调节10aMedicalmanagement职业健康管理Earlyreporting&treatment提早报告和处理Symptomssurvey临床监测Medicaltreatment治疗Recordkeeping记录11aBackdisorders背部问题Sprains扭伤Strains疲劳Ruptured/

slippeddisks椎间盘突出Musclespasms肌肉痉挛12aBackpainfactors背痛诱因Improperposture

不正确姿势Poorphysical

condition体格欠佳Improper

lifting不正确搬运12bProperliftingSizeuptheloadBendyourkneesDonottwistClearpathLowe