2022年新高考Ⅰ卷英语试题带答案

绝密★启封前试卷类型：A

2022年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试

英语

本试卷共10页，满分120分。考试用时120分钟。

注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名、考生

号、考场号和座位号填写在答题卡上。用2B船笔将试卷类型（A）

填涂在答题卡相应位置上。将条形码横贴在答题卡右上角“条形码

粘贴处”。因笔试不考听力，选择题从第二部分的“阅读”开始，

试题序号从“21”开始。

2.作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B船笔把答题卡上对应题

日选项的答案信息点涂黑；如需改动，用像皮擦干净后，再选涂其

他答案。答案不能答在试卷上。

3.非选择题必须用黑色字连钢笔或签字管作答，答案必须写在答题

卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上：如高改动，先划掉原来的答案，

然后再写上新的答案：不准使用船笔和涂改液不按以上要求作答的

答案无效

4.考生必须保持答题卡的整洁考试结束后，将试卷和答题卡一并交

回。

第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）

第一节（共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

A

GradingPoliciesforIntroductiontoLiterature

GradingScale

90-100,A;80-89,B;70-79,C;60-69,D;Below60,E.

Essays（60%）

Yourfourmajoressayswillcombinetoformthemainpartofthegradeforthis

course:Essay1=10%;Essay2=15%;Essay3=15%;Essay4=20%.

GroupAssignments（30%）

Studentswillworkingroupstocompletefourassignments（作业）duringthe

course.Alltheassignmentswillbesubmittedbytheassigneddatethrough

Blackboard,ouronlinelearningandcoursemanagementsystem.

DailyWork/In-ClassWritingsandTest/GroupWork/Homework（10%）

Classactivitieswillvaryfromdaytoday,butstudentsmustbereadytocomplete

shortin-classwritingsortestsdrawndirectlyfromassignedreadingsornotesfrom

thepreviousclasslecture/discussion,soitisimportanttotakecarefulnotesduring

class.Additionally,fromtimetotimeIwillassigngroupworktobecompletedin

classorshortassignmentstobecompletedathome,bothofwhichwillbegraded.

LateWork

Anessaynotsubmittedinclassontheduedatewilllosealettergradeforeach

classperioditislate.Ifitisnotturnedinbythe4thdayaftertheduedate,itwillearn

azero.Dailyassignmentsnotcompletedduringclasswillgetazero.Shortwritings

missedasaresultofanexcusedabsencewillbeaccepted.

21.Whereisthistextprobablytakenfrom?

A.Atextbook.B.Anexampaper.

C.Acourseplan.D.Anacademicarticle.

22.Howmanypartsisastudent'sfinalgrademadeupof?

A.Two.B.Three.C.Four.D.Five.

23.Whatwillhappenifyousubmitanessayoneweekaftertheduedate?

A.Youwillreceiveazero.B.Youwilllosealettergrade.

C.Youwillbegivenatest.D.Youwillhavetorewriteit.

答案：21.C22.B23.A

B

Likemostofus,Itrytobemindfuloffoodthatgoestowaste.Thearugula（芝麻

菜）wastomakeanicegreensalad,roundingoutaroastchickendinner.ButIended

upworkinglate.Thenfriendscalledwithadinnerinvitation.Istuckthechickenin

thefreezer.Butasdayspassed,thearugulawentbad.Evenworse,Ihadunthinkingly

boughtwaytoomuch;IcouldhavemadesixsaladswithwhatIthrewout.

Inaworldwherenearly800millionpeopleayeargohungry,"foodwastegoes

againstthemoralgrain,“asElizabethRoytewritesinthismonth'scoverstory.It's

jaw-droppinghowmuchperfectlygoodfoodisthrownaway——from"ugly”（butquite

eatable）vegetablesrejectedbygrocerstolargeamountsofuneatendishesthrowninto

restaurantgarbagecans.

Producingfoodthatnooneeatswastesthewater,fuel,andotherresourcesused

togrowit.Thatmakesfoodwasteanenvironmentalproblem.Infact,Roytewrites,

“iffoodwastewereacountry,itwouldbethethirdlargestproducerofgreenhouse

gasesintheworld/9

Ifthat'shardtounderstand,lefskeepitassimpleasthearugulaatthebackof

myrefrigerator.MikeCurtinseesmyarugulastoryallthetime一butforhim,it's

morelike12boxesofdonatedstrawberriesnearingtheirlastdays.CurtinisCEOof

DCCentralKitcheninWashington.D.C.,whichrecoversfoodandturnsitinto

healthymeals.Lastyearitrecoveredmorethan807,500poundsoffoodbytaking

donationsandcollectingblemished（有瑕疵的）producethatotherwisewouldhave

rottedinfields.Andthestrawberries?Volunteerswillwash,cut,andfreezeordry

themforuseinmealsdowntheroad.

Suchmethodsseemobvious,yersooftenwejustdon'tthink."Everyonecan

playapartinreducingwaste,whetherbynotpurchasingmorefoodthannecessaryin

yourweeklyshoppingorbyaskingrestaurantstonotincludethesidedishyouwon't

eat."Curtinsays.

24.Whatdoestheauthorwanttoshowbytellingthearugulastory?

A.Wepaylittleattentiontofoodwaste.

B.Wewastefoodunintentionallyattimes.

C.Wewastemorevegetablesthanmeat.

D.Wehavegoodreasonsforwastingfood.

25.Whatisaconsequenceoffoodwasteaccordingtothetext?

A.Moraldecline.B.Environmentalharm.

C.Energyshortage.D.Worldwidestarvation.

26.WhatdoesCurtin'scompanydo?

A.Itproduceskitchenequipment.

B.Itturnsrottenarugulaintocleanfuel.

C.Ithelpslocalfarmersgrowfruits.

D.Itmakesmealsoutofunwantedfood.

27.WhatdoesCurtinsuggestpeopledo?

A.Buyonlywhatisneeded.B.Reducefoodconsumption.

C.Goshoppingonceaweek.D.Eatinrestaurantslessoften.

答案：24.B25.B26.D27,A

C

Theelderlyresidents（居民）incarehomesinLondonarebeinggivenhenstolook

aftertostopthemfeelinglonely.

Theprojectwasdreamedupbyalocalcharity（慈善组织）toreduceloneliness

andimproveelderlypeople'swellbeing.Itisalsobeingusedtohelppatientssuffering

dementia,aseriousillnessofthemind.Staffincarehomeshavereportedareduction

intheuseofmedicinewherehensareinuse.

Amongthosetakingpartintheprojectis80-year-oldRuthXavier.Shesaid:"I

usedtokeephenswhenIwasyoungerandhadtopreparetheirbreakfasteach

morningbeforeIwenttoschool.

“Iliketheprojectalot.Iamdownthereinmywheelchairinthemorningletting

thehensoutanddownthereagainatnighttoseethey'vegonetobed

“It'sgoodtohaveadifferentfocus.Peoplehavebeenbringingtheirchildrenin

toseethehensandresidentscomeandsitoutsidetowatchthem.I'menjoyingthe

creativeactivities,anditfeelsgreattohavedonesomethinguseful.

Therearenow700elderlypeoplelookingafterhensin20carehomesinthe

NorthEast,andthecharityhasbeengivenfinancialsupporttorollitoutcountrywide

WendyWilson,extracaremanagerat60PenfoldStreet,oneofthefirsttoemba】k0n

theproject,said:"Residentsreallywelcometheideaoftheprojectandthecreative

sessions.Wearelookingforwardtothebenefitsandfuntheprojectcanbringto

peoplehere.^^

LynnLewis,directorofNottingHillPathways,said:"Wearehappytobetaking

partintheproject.Itwillreallyhelpconnectourresidentsthroughasharedinterest

andcreativeactivities.^^

28.Whatisthepurposeoftheproject?

A.Toensureharmonyincarehomes.

B.Toprovidepart-timejobsfortheaged.

C.Toraisemoneyformedicalresearch.

D.Topromotetheelderlypeople'swelfare.

29.HowhastheprojectaffectedRuthXavier?

A.Shehaslearnednewlifeskills.

B.Shehasgainedasenseofachievement.

C.Shehasrecoveredhermemory.

D.Shehasdevelopedastrongpersonality.

30.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“embarkon“meaninparagraph7?

A.Improve.B.Oppose.C.Begin.D.Evaluate.

31.Whatcanwelearnabouttheprojectfromthelasttwoparagraphs?

A.Itiswellreceived.B.Itneedstobemorecreative.

C.Itishighlyprofitable.D.Ittakesagestoseetheresults.

答案：28.D29.B30.C31.A

D

Humanspeechcontainsmorethan2,000differentsounds,fromthecommon"m"

and"a"totherareclicksofsomesouthernAfricanlanguages.Butwhyarecertain

soundsmorecommonthanothers?Aground-breaking,five-yearstudyshowsthat

diet-relatedchangesinhumanbiteledtonewspeechsoundsthatarenowfoundin

halftheworld'slanguages

Morethan30yearsago,thescholarCharlesHockettnotedthatspeechsounds

calledlabiodentals,suchas"F'and"v"，weremorecommoninthelanguagesof

societiesthatatesofterfoods.NowateamofresearchersledbyDamianBlasiatthe

UniversityofZurich,Switzerland,hasfoundhowandwhythistrendarose.

Theydiscoveredthattheupperandlowerfrontteethofancienthumanadults

werealigned（对齐），makingithardtoproducelabiodentals,whichareformedby

touchingthelowerliptotheupperteeth.Later,ourjawschangedtoanoverbite

structure（结构）,makingiteasiertoproducesuchsounds.

Theteamshowedthatthischangeinbitewasconnectedwiththedevelopmentof

agricultureintheNeolithicperiod.Foodbecameeasiertochewatthispoint.The

jawbonedidn'thavetodoasmuchworkandsodidn'tgrowtobesolarge.

Analysesofalanguagedatabasealsoconfirmedthattherewasaglobalchangein

thesoundofworldlanguagesaftertheNeolithicage,withtheuseof"f*'and"v"

increasingremarkablyduringthelastfewthousandyears.Thesesoundsarestillnot

foundinthelanguagesofmanyhunter-gathererpeopletoday

Thisresearchoverturnsthepopularviewthatallhumanspeechsoundswere

presentwhenhumanbeingsevolvedaround300,000yearsago."Thesetofspeech

soundsweusehasnotnecessarilyremainedstablesincetheappearanceofhuman

beings,butratherthehugevarietyofspeechsoundsthatwefindtodaytheproductof

acomplexinterplayofthingslikebiologicalchangeandculturalevolution.^^said

StevenMoran,amemberoftheresearchteam.

32.WhichaspectofthehumanspeechsounddoesDamianBlasi'sresearchfocuson?

A.Itsvariety.B.Itsdistribution.C.Itsquantity.D.Itsdevelopment.

33.Whywasitdifficultforancienthumanadultstoproducelabiodentals?

A.Theyhadfewerupperteeththanlowerteeth.

B.Theycouldnotopenandclosetheirlipseasily.

C.Theirjawswerenotconvenientlystructured.

D.Theirlowerfrontteethwerenotlargeenough.

34.Whatisparagraph5mainlyabout?

A.Supportingevidencefortheresearchresults.

B.Potentialapplicationoftheresearchfindings.

C.Afurtherexplanationoftheresearchmethods.

D.Areasonabledoubtabouttheresearchprocess.

35.WhatdoesStevenMoransayaboutthesetofhumanspeechsounds?

A.Itiskeytoeffectivecommunication.

B.Itcontributesmuchtoculturaldiversity.

C.Itisacomplexanddynamicsystem.

D.Itdrivestheevolutionofhumanbeings.

答案：32.D33.C34.A35.C

第二节（共5小题：每小题2.5分。满分12.5分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中

有两项为多余选项。

FitnessMagazinerecentlyrananarticletitled“FiveReasonstoThankYour

WorkoutPartner."Onereasonwas:"You'llactuallyshowupifyouknowsomeoneis

waitingfbryouatthegym,“whileanotherread:"36»Withaworkoutpartner,

youwillincreaseyourtrainingeffortasthereisasubtle（微妙）competition.

So,howdoyoufindaworkoutpartner?

Firstofall,decidewhatyouwantfromthatperson.37Ordoyoujustwantto

bephysicallyfit,abletomovewithstrengthandflexibility?Thinkabouttheexercises

youwouldliketodowithyourworkoutpartner.

Youmightthinkaboutpostingwhatyouarelookingfbronsocialmedia,butit

probablywon'tresultinausefulresponse.38Ifyouplanonworkingoutina

gym,thatpersonmustbelongtothesamegym.

Mypartnerpostedherrequestonthenoticeboardofalocalpark.Hernotice

includedwhatkindoftrainingshewantedtodo,howmanydaysaweekandhow

manyhoursshewantedtospendoneachsession,andherage.Italsolistedher

favoritesportsandactivities,andprovidedherphonenumber.39

Youandyourpartnerwillprobablyhavedifferentskills.40Overtime,both

ofyouwillbenefit——yourpartnerwillbeabletoliftmoreweightsandyouwill

becomemorephysicallyfit.Thecore（核心）ofyourrelationshipisthatyouwill

alwaysbetheretohelpeachother.

A.Yourfirstmeetingmaybealittleawkward.

B.Aworkoutpartnerusuallyneedstolivecloseby

C.You'llworkharderifyoutrainwithsomeoneelse.

D.Doyouwanttobeabetterathleteinyourfavoritesport?

E.Howcanyouwriteagood"seekingtrainingpartner^^notice?

F.Justacceptyourdifferencesandlearntoworkwitheachother.

G.Anynoticeforatrainingpartnershouldincludesuchinformation.

答案：36.C37.D38.B39.G40.F

第三部分语营运用（共两节，满分30分）

第一节（共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分）

阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白

处的最佳选项。

Myhusband,ourchildrenandIhavehadwonderfulcampingexperiencesover

thepasttenyears.

Someofour41arefunny,especiallyfromtheearlyyearswhenourchildren

werelittle.Once,we42alongChalkCreek.Iwas43thatour15-month-old

boywouldfallintothecreek（小溪）.Itiedaropearoundhiswaisttokeephimnearto

ourspot.Thatlastedabouttenminutes.Hewas44,andhiscryingletthewhole

campgroundknowit.So45tyinghimup,Ijustkeptacloseeyeonhim.It46

一hedidn'tendupinthecreek.Mythree-year-old,however,did.

Anothertime,werentedaboatinVallecitoLake.Theskywasclearwhenwe

47_,butstormsmoveinfastinthemountains,andthisonequickly48our

peacefulmorningtrip.The49pickedupandthunderrolled.Myhusbandstopped

fishingto50themotor.Nothing.Hetriedagain.No51Wewerestuckinthe

middleofthelakewithadeadmotor.Asweallsatthere52,afishermanpulled

up,threwusaropeandtowed（拖）usback.Wewere53.

Now,everyyearwhenmyhusbandpullsourcamperoutofthegarage,weare

filledwithasenseof54,wonderingwhatcampingfunand55wewill

experiencenext.

41.A.ideasB.jokesC.memoriesD.discoveries

42.A.campedB.droveC.walkedD.cycled

43.A.annoyedB.surprisedC.disappointedD.wonied

44.A.unhurtB.unfortunateC.uncomfortableD.unafraid

45.A.duetoB.insteadofC.apartfromD.asfor

46.A.workedB.happenedC.matteredD.changed

47.A.signedupB.calmeddownC.checkedoutD.headedoff

48.A.arrangedB.interruptedC.completedD.recorded

49.A.windB.noiseC.temperatureD.speed

50.A.findB.hideC.startD.fix

51.A.luckB.answerC.wonderD.signal

52.A.patientlyB.tirelesslyC.doubtfullyD.helplessly

53.A.sorryB.braveC.safeD.right

54.A.reliefB.dutyC.prideD.excitement

55.A.failureB.adventureC.performanceD.conflict

答案：41—45CADCB46—50ADBAC51—55ADCDB

第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

TheChinesegovernmentrecentlyfinalizedaplantosetupaGiantPanda

NationalPark(GPNP).56(cover)anareaaboutthreetimes57sizeof

YellowstoneNationalPart,theGPNPwillbeoneofthefirstnationalparkinthe

country.Theplanwillextendprotectiontoasignificantnumberofareasthat58

(be)previouslyunprotected,bringingmanyoftheexistingprotectedareasforgiant

pandasunderoneauthority59(increase)effectivenessandreduceinconsistencies

inmanagement.

Afterathree-yearpilotperiod,theGPNPwillbeofficiallysetupnextyear.The

GPNP60(design)toreflecttheguidingprincipleof''protectingtheauthenticity

andintegrity(完整'性)ofnaturalecosystems,preservingbiologicaldiversity,

protectingecologicalbufferzones,61leavingbehindpreciousnaturalassets(资产)

forfuturegenerations”.TheGPNP'smaingoalistoimproveconnectivitybetween

separate62(population)andhomesofgiantpandas,and63(eventual)achieve

adesiredlevelofpopulationinthewild.

Giantpandasalsoserve64anumbrellaspecies(物种),bringingprotectionto

ahostofplantsandanimalsinthesouthwesternandnorthwesternpartsofChina.The

GPNPisintendedtoprovidestrongerprotectionforallthespecies65livewithin

theGiantPandaRangeandsignificantlyimprovethehealthoftheecosysteminthe

area.

答案：56.Covering57.the58.were59.toincrease60.isdesigned

61.and62.populations63.eventually64.as65.that

第四部分写作（共两节、满分40分）

第一节（满分15分）

假定你是校广播站英语节目"TalkandTalk”的负责人李华，请给外教

Caroline写邮件邀请她做一次访谈。内容包括：

1.节目介绍；

2.访谈的时间和话题。

注意：

1.写作词数应为80左右；

2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

DearCaroline,

Yourssincerely,

LiHua

第二节（满分25分）

阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整

的短文。

Itwas