GRE类比反义重点

GRE类比反义重点【整理】

2011-07-1806:17:581分类：害山阜海I标签：I字号大中小订阅

一.概述

（一）常见类比关系分类

A.种属关系

1.alcove:recess::

A—turret:chimneyB—dome:roofC—column:entranceD—foyer:ballroom

E—foundation:building

-B

Thealcoveisakindofrecesswhichisfromedbypartofthewallbeingsetback.

Thedomeisakindofroofwhichisroundandwithacircularbase.

B.组成关系

l.stanza:poem::

A—pirouette:balletB—rhyme:verseC-duet:chorusD-act:operaE——mimicry:pantomime

-D

Apoemismadeupofstanzas.Soanoperaismadeupofacts.

2.bouquet:flowers::

A-forest:treesB—husk:cornC—mist:rainD—woodpile:logsE—drift:snow

-D

三个选项都有组成关系之色彩。A.树组成森林；D.木头组成木堆；E.drift是指自然界风吹成

的堆状物，如沙丘dunce,雪堆snowdrift。因为无论花束还是木头堆都是人工形成，而其他

则为自然形成。Soabouquetisabunchofflowers,andawoodpileisapileoflogs.当有若干选

项都有正确之项时，则能和题干产生第二层对应者为最好。

C.人及其工具

l.saw:carpenter::

A-bmsh:painterB—typewriterauthorC—trowekbricklayerD—wagon:farmer

E—scissorslailor

-E

五个选项似乎都对，和题干有第二层对应者方为正确答案。”人及其工具”是第一层对应；”

锯子能将木头分成两半，剪刀能把布料分为两半”，此是第二层对应。Trowel的主要功能是

抹泥桨，而不是将砖头分两半。

D.同义词

l.contiguous:abut::

A-possible:occurB-simultaneous:coincideC—comprehensive:except

D—synthetic:createE—constant:stabilize

-B

B和E都是同义关系，题干在英语中强调两件事物相邻，而B强调两件事情同时发生，此

为二层对应，故B。

E.程度类比

1.troubled:distraught::

A-annoyedidisillusionedB—disturbed:interruptedC-coveteous:rapacious

D-outmoded:ostentatiousE—tranquil:placid

-C

”程度类比”的前提是先找同义词，然后再看是否有程度差别。Covetous来自动词covet,这

只是一种脑子里一闪而过式的贪婪，而rapacious来自rape,这却是强盗式的贪婪，程度明

显更深。

F.褒贬/贬褒程度类比

l.entangle:involve::

A—coution:fearB—compel:fbrceC—grilkquestionD—replicate:copyE—waver:adhere

-C

entangle强调卷入不好的、难缠的事情之中，是一个贬义词，而involve强调卷入一般的事

情，是个中性词。在类比中，习惯将中性词归为褒义词。Togrillsb.istoquestionhimintensively

andhostilely.

2.frugal:miserly::

A—confident:arrogantB-courageous:pugnaciousC——famous:aggressive

D—rash:foolhardyE-quiet:timid

-A

前褒后贬，且有程度差别。B不对，过分的courageous并且有贬义色彩的词不是pugnacious

好斗的，而是foolhardy愚勇的。

G事物及其放置位置

1.envelopeletter::

A-scarf:hatB—box:bagC—crate:produceD—neck:headE—blood:heart

-C

信放在信封里，农副产品放于篓子中。什么必然放在什么里，就是所谓“事物及其放置位置”

关系。

H.形容词修饰名词

1.frenetic:movement::

A—perceptive:analysisB-effortless:expressionC—focused:thought

D—spontaneous:behaviorE-fanaticakbelief

-E

无论题干还是E都给我们“狂热”的感觉，而且搭配得当。”形容词修饰名词”关键在形容词，

因为它的修饰作用给我们带来直接的感觉。

I.动作及其结果

l.inflate:burst::

A-atrophy:evaporateB—pulktearC-expose:hideD-excavate:increaseE—break:shatter

--B

充气导致爆裂，而拉扯导致撕裂。E不对，粉碎程度超过破碎，此乃程度类比。

J.学科及其研究范畴

l.aesthetics:beauty::

A-ethics:etiquetteB-epistemologyiknowledgeC—logistics:truth

D—rhetoric:reasoningE—theology:morals

--B

Theaestheticsisabranchofphilosophywhichtriestomakeclearthelawsandprinciplesof

bearty.Whiletheepistemologyisabranchofsciencewhichstudiestherulesandprinciplesof

knowledge.

K.1E面特征

(1)人及其正面动作特征

1.proctor:supervise::

A-prothet:ruleB—profiteer:consumeC—profligate:demandD——prodigal:squander

E—prodigy:wonder

-D

监考人的最主要动作就是supervisethestudents,prophet最主要的动作应该是predictcprofiteer

的最主要动作应该是投机speculateoAprodigalisakindofpersonwhosquanders.人和他所做

的最主要、最体现其特点、最正面的动作，此所谓”人及其正面动作特征”。

⑵人及其正面性格特征

2.coward:craven::

A-liar:facetiousB——dupe:gullibleC—commentator:causticD-judge:impartial

E-criminakhostile

-D

Acowardhasacravencharacter.Soadupehasamaincharacterofgullibility.

(3)事物及其正面特征

3.skirmish:insignificance::

A-revolution:democracyB-duel:formalityC—feud:impartiality

D-bout:sparringE—crusade:remoteness

-B

在西方，决斗是正规、正式的，有特定的时间、地点和武器，还需要arbitrator在场。

L.反面特征

与正面特征相对立，即：某个词是另一个词最反面的、最对立的特点。

I.audacious:trepidation::

A-refractory:intransigenceB—1aconic:volubilityC—sordid:aspiration

D-cursory:accumu1ationE—derisive:subordination

-B

反义词其实就是“反面特征”的一种极端形式，当“反面特征”达到了完完全全相反的程度，就

变成反义词了。同理，同义词是正面特征的极端形式。B为答案。一个说话简洁的人反面特

征volubility。

M.消除关系

所谓消除关系就是“…把…消除了”

1.anxious:reassurance::

A-resentful:gratitudeB—perplexed:clarificationC—inured:imagination

D—vociferous:suppressionE-abstemious:indulgence

-E

Reassuranceistheactofremovingsb'sanxiousfeeling,whileclarificationistheactoffreeingsb's

mindfromperplexedconditions.”消除关系”发生于两个不同的人，你“焦虑"，我来使你放心，

你“困惑”，我来澄清。而“反面特征”发生在同一个人，我是"节制的abstemious"，我就不“放

纵indulge"o

N.X:正常

l.twig:limb::

A—microbe:slideB—galaxy:starC-doggerekpoetryD——plant:rootE—brook:river

--E

Atwigisasmalllimb/branch.Abrookisasmallriver."X:正常”其实是,种“种属关系”的特例，

不过这个“种”有其独特的个性而已。

0.动作及其表达内心感情

1.preen:self-satisfaction::

A-fume:angerB—inhibit:spontaneityC—regret:guiltD—resent:cooperation

E—brood:resolution

-A

Topreenoneselfistoshowone'sself-satisfaction.Sotofumeistoexpressone'sanger.

P.因果关系

所谓因果关系就是原因及其导致的相应结果。

l.apologize:contrite::

A-aggravate:contemptuousB-endorse:esteemedC-extenuate:guilty

D-compliment:impressedE—rationalize:modest

-D

因为后悔contrite,所以才道歉apologizeo因为被打动了impressed,所以禁不住赞扬

complimento

Q.缺乏关系

1.melodrama:subtlety

A—chimera:wuthenticityB——parody:witC—war:strategyD—brief:abstractE—hypothesis:theory

-A

情节剧类似于肥皂剧，剧内的好人与坏人•目了然，结局往往是皆大欢喜，扬善除恶，因此

它无法反映社会的深刻、复杂和微妙的矛盾。它"缺乏"subtlety,同理，chimera是神话中所

虚构之兽，如麒麟、龙，它"缺乏"authenticity真实性。

R.真:假/假:真关系

1.astrology:astronomy::

A-alchemy:chemistryB—homeopathy:zoologyC—mythology:classics

D—pedagogy:philosophyE—phenomenology:linguistics

-A

astrology是一种假的astronomy,alchemy是一种假的chemistry。

S.X:完整

⑴碎片:完整

1.shard:pottery::

A—flint:stoneB—flange:wheelC—cinder:coalD——fragment:boneE—tare:grain

-D

Theshardisthebrokenpieceofpottery.Thefragmentisthebrokenpieceofbone.C不对，煤渣

是烧出的渣,而不是broken后形成的渣。这种“碎片:完整”还有很多对："crumb:bread”,

"shaving:wood"，"filings:metal"o

(2)开头:完整

2.prologue:novel::

A—preamble:statuteB—sketch:drawingC—movement:symphonyD—index:book

E——blueprint:building

-A

Theprologueisanintroductorypartofanovel.Thepreambleistheintroductorypartofastatute.

(3)结尾:完整

3.peroration:speech::

A-tempo:movementB―figure:partraitC—light:shadowD—verse:stanzaE—coda:sonata

--E

(4)单独:完整

4.soliloquy:play::

A-violin:concertoB-overture:musicalC-duet:ensembleD—lyric:poemE-ana:opera

--E

独白是戏剧中的单独吟诵部分，咏叹调则是歌剧中的单独咏唱部分。

T.对立句子题

l.invincible:subdued::

A—inconsistent:expressedB—impervious:damagedC—imprudent:enacted

D-bolted:separatedE-expressive:bought

-B

invincible和subdued不是纯正的反义词,invincible的正宗反义词是subduablenf被征服的,

subdued却是已经被征服了。但invincible,subdued两个词却的确存在着对立，即所谓"对立

”,我们可以用cant把两个词连起来造一个句子。Sbthatisinvinciblecantbesubdued.这个句

子是非常必然的，不能被征服的人就是不能被征服。这就是”对立句子题”，即用cant这个

连接部分可以把两个非反义但对立的词串联成一个必然的句子。用cant把五个选项都串联

成句子，哪一个必然，哪一个对。Sththatisimperviouscan'tbedamaged.

(二)常见反义关系分类

A.动作反义

1.lurch:

A一divideequallyB-relatedishonestlyC—formulatehypothetically

D一progresssmoothlyE-accomplishhandily

-D

lurch此动作为笨重感觉之举止，而D,平滑的前进，笨重对轻灵，动作之反义也。

B.褒贬反义

1.inveigle:

A-displayopenlyB——requestdirectlyC—initiatewillinglyD——advocatestronglyE-contribute

lavishly

-B

同样是让人做事情，一•个是诱骗你去做，inveiglesbtodosth,一个是光明正大要求你去做，

requestsbtodosthdirectly,同一类动作的褒贬构成相反。C不对，我诱骗你成功了，你也是

主动开始的。

C.程度反义

1.grievous:

A-slightB—stereotypedC—solicitousD—sophisticatedE-sparkling

-A

grievous来自grief,强调受伤很深，而slight可理解为受伤轻微，同为受伤，成都有深浅，

也是相反的色彩。

D.宜接反义和间接反义

1.inchoate:

A-explicitB-dependableC—pragmaticD-therapeuticE-enduring

-A

E是绝对不对的，因为enduring的反面是短暂的fleeting,evanescent,而inchoate之匕初生

的，初露端倪的，并不意味着短暂，只是刚开始而已，可能还有发展的潜力，所以是A。刚

开始，还未成形，处在模糊的状态，不明朗状态。

2.incipient:

A一exuberantB一full-bodiedC—explicitD一plentifulE一full-blown

-E

exuberant原意为植物生长茂盛的，引申为人精力充沛的，full-bodied原意为身体魁梧的，引

申为体味重的，即味道浓烈的full-bodiedpepper,blow=blossom,所以ftiH-blown完全盛开

的，完全发展的。explicit相当于completelyclear,full-blow相当于fullyestablished。前者是

间接反义，后者是直接反义，选直接而非间接。

E.前后反义

1.immediate:

A-complexB—limitedC—futureD-multipleE—tiring

-C

immediate强调现在做事情，而future则把时间推到了将来，时间跨度构成差异，答案为C。

如果future换成past也构成差异，过去与现在。

F.几个典型例题

1.anchor:

A-unwindB—unbendC—disjoinD—disruptE-dislodge

-E

anchor在这是名词还是动词？你发现下面五个选项都是动词，因此anchor必须作动词。因

为反义词有个重要原则，就是词性一致原则。anchor强调位置不变，而有明确位置变动的选

项只有dislodge,它来自小屋lodge,在盎格鲁一撒克逊语中指山中猎人之小屋，猎人归来,

常要将占其小屋并享其柴米的其他猎人驱逐出，因此其原意为驱逐出小屋之意，现代物理学

中则有使发生位移之义，而其他四项虽然在动，并不强调纯位置变动。

2.orient:

A-hastenB—defileC—menaceD—confuseE—decline

-D

orientadj.上升的，v.使定向，使适应。因为按照词性一致原则，六个词都为动词，所以是使

定向，使适应之意。

3.gist:

A—tangentialpointB—tentativeexplanationC—faultyassumption

D-flawedargumentE—meaninglessdistinction

-A

gist即：mainpoint,tangential几何之切线的，切线的点就是远离圆心的点，就是不重要的

点。见点找点也是规律之一。

4.rave:

A-flakB-flopC—cantD-panE—snub

-D

rave猛烈赞扬，这是个绝对贬义词，指那种极端不切实际的赞扬。flak高射炮，引申为批评,

指漫无目的的批评。而pan平底锅，引中为批评，指一语中的，猛烈的批评。

二.重难题整理

（一）类比部分

1.subsidy:support::

A-assistance:endowmentB—funds:fellowshipC—credit:payment

D-debt:obligationE—loan:note

-D种属关系

Thesubsidy/debtisakindoffinancialsupport/obligation.

2.castigation:disapproval::

A一grief:indignationB-hostility:intentionC—hope:insight

D一innocence:patienceE-blasphemy:irreverence

-E动作极其表达内心感情

Thecastigation/blasphemyisanactofexpressing/showingone'sdisapproval/irreverenceto

another/theGod.

blasphemy:theactofinsultingorshowingcontemptorlackofreverencetoGod;profane

3.redoubtable:awe::

A-tart:pungencyB—tacit:solitudeC—despicable:contempt

D-engrossing:obliviousnessE—venerable:renown

-c因果关系

Aredoubtable/despicablepersoncancauseotherpeople'sawe/contempt.

tacit:impliedorindicatedbutnotactuallyexpressed;

redoubtable:formidable;

despicable:contemptible

4.mercenary:money::

A—vindictive:revengeB—scholarly:libraryC—immaculate:cleanliness

D—thirsty:waterE-belligerent:invasion

-A目的关系

Amercenarypersoniseagertogetmoney.

Avindictivepersonisinclinedtomakerevenge.

vindictive:vengeful;belligerent:bellicose,aggressive,scrappy

5.glossary:text::

A-bibliography:sourceB—abstract:dissertationC—legend:map

D—index:catalogE—abbreviation:footnote

--C注解说明

Theglossaryisacollectionofspecializedtermswiththeirmeaningsofatext.

Thelegendisalistofsymbolswiththeirexplanationsonamap.

6.mitigate:severe::

A-compile:availableB—restore:newC-contribute:charitable

D—venerate:reverentE—qualify:general

-E消除关系

Tomitigate/qualifysomeoneorsomethingistodeaden/removeitssevere/generastate,

mitigate:mollify,assuage,placate,pacify,appease,conciliate

qualify:toreducefromageneraltoaspecificorrestrictedform:modify

7.varnish:wood::

A-etch:glassB—tarnish:silverC-wax:linoleum

D—burnish:metalE-bleach:fabric

-c前给后上一层发光物

Tovamish/waxawood/thelinoleumistocoatitwithvarnish/waxandmakeitshiny.

8.embroider:cloth::

A-chase:metalB—patch:quiltC—gild:gold

D-carve:knifeE-stain:glass

-A前给后做图案

Toembroider/chasethecloth/metalistomakepatternsonit.

chase:toornamentbyindentingwithtools.

9.insect:butterfly::

A—perfume:essenceB—botany:chrysanthemumC—philosophy:metaphysics

D—pitch:blackE-color:brightness

-c种属关系

Thebutterflyisakindofinsect.

Themetaphysicsisabranchofphilosophy,

botany:thebranchofbiologystudyingtheplants.

10.equivocate:commitment::

A—procrastinate:actionB—implicate:expositionC-expostulate:confusion

D-corroborate:falsificationE—fabricate:explanation

-A躲避关系

Toequivocateistoavoidmakingcommitment.

Toprocrastinateistopostponetakingaction.

11.endemic:region::

A—homogeneous:populationB—inborn:individualC—hybrid:species

D—sporadic:timeE-aberrant:norm

-B正面特征

Anendemicthingbelongstoaspecificregion.

Aninbornqualityoccursinaspecificindividual.

12.alchemy:science::

A—sideshow:carnivalB—forgery:imitationC—burlesque:comedy

D-ploy:tacticE—nostrum:remedy

-E假:真

Thealchemyisakindoffalsescience.Thenostnimisakindofquackremedy,

nostrum:amedicineofsecretecompositionwithoutscientificproof:panacea

carnival:bacchanalia,carousal,saturnalia,jamboree

13.coin:denomination::

A-book:titleB—officer:rankC—house:architecture

D-doctor:professionE-tree:wood

-B后标志前之等级

Thedenominationofcoinsisdividedintoseveralscalesspecifyingthevalueofthem.

Therankofofficersisclassifiedintoseveralgradesdenotingthepositionofthem,

denomination:avalueorsizeofaseriesofthings(asofmoney)

14.exhort:suggest::

A一crave:acceptB-goad:directC—instruct:teach

D—tamper:adjustE—conspire:plan

-B程度类比

Toexhortsbistosuggesthimstronglyandearnestly.

Togoadsbistodirecthimurgently.

tamper:tomakechangeswithoutauthority

goad:anydrivingimpulse:spur

exhort:tourge,admonishstrongly

15.sermon:homiletics::

A-argument:logicB—baseball:athleticsC—word:language

D一student:pedagogyE-album:philately

-A学科及其研究范畴

Thehomileticsisadisciplinestudyinghowtodeliverasermoneffectively.

Thelogicisadisciplinestudyinghowtopresentanargumenteffectively,

pedagogy:theart,scienceofteaching

16.matrix:numbers::

A-gas:moleculesB—volume:liquidC—crystal:atoms

D—interaction:reagentsE—stratum:layer

-c前者是后者的规则排列

17.homogenization:uniform::

A一coagulation:brittleB-combustion:flammableC-digestion:edible

D—putrefaction:rottenE—fermentation:liquid

-D动作及其结果

Tohomogenizesth,thenweturnitintoauniformstate.

Toputrefysth,thenweturnitintoarottencondition.

18.subpoena:witness::

A一suborn:judgeB-tax:workerC-elect:officer

D-conscript:soldierE-hire:laborer

-D动作及其强制对象

Tosubpoenaawitnessistoorderhimtoappearincourt.

Toconscriptasoldieristoenrollhimintothetroopbycompulsion.

suborn:bribe

19.synonymous:meaning::

A一interchangeable:functionB-equivocal:interpretationC—coincidental:cause

D一ambidextrous:skillE-bilingual:language

-A后者等价

Apairofsynonymouswordshasthesamemeaning.

Apairofinterchangeableobjectshasthesamefunction.

20.terseness:superfluous::

A—randomness:observableB-elegance:simpleC—arbitrariness:just

D——spontaneity:studiedE——flexibility:stable

-D反面特征

Thesuperfluousstate/studiedconditionistheonefreefromterseness/spontaneity.

spontaneous:proceedingfromnaturalfeelingsornativetendency,

studied:producedbyconsciousdesignorpremeditation:calculated

21.locomotive:flatcar::

A-bus:passengerB-airplane:cargoC—bicycle:frame

D—tugboat:bargeE—automobile:chassis

-D牵引关系

Thelocomotiveisaself-propelledvehicleusedforpullingflatcars.

Thetugboatisastronglypowerfulboatusedfortowingbarges.

chassis:thesupportingframeofacar

22.misjudge:assess::

A一misconstrue:interpretB-misconduct:rehearseC—misinform:design

D—misguide:duplicateE—misperceive:explain

-A错误:正常

Tomisjudge/misconstruesthistoassess/interpretitwrongly,

misperceive:misunderstand

23.resoluteness:will::

A-zeal:convictionB-honor:restitutionC-esteem:adoration

D-anguish:hesitationE-sorrow:compassion

-A强烈的后者导致前者

Strongwill/convictionleadstoresoluteness/zeal.

conviction:astrongbelief

zeal:fervor

24.plutocracy:wealth::

A—democracy:freedomB—aristocracy:landC—gerontocracy:age

D——technocracy:abilityE—autocracy:birth

-C正面特征

Theplutocracyreferstoagovernmentwhichisruledbythepeopleofgreatwealth.

Thegerontocracyreferstoagovernmentwhichisruledbypeopleofoldage.

aristocracy:governmentbythenobility

technocracy:governmentbytechnicians

democracy:governmentbymajoritypeople

25.hedonist:pleasure::

A-humanist:prideB—ascetic:toleranceC—stoic:sacrifice

D—recluse:privacyE—idealist:compromise

-D追求关系

Thehedonistpursuespleasureinhislife.

Therecluseenjoysprivacyinhislife.

hedonism:thedoctrinethatpleasureandhappinessisthesoleorchiefgoodinlife,

stoicism:indifferencetopleasureorpain

recluse:markedbywithdrawalfromsociety:solitary,anchorite,hermit

26.preen:self-satisfaction::

A-fume:angerB—inhibit:spontaneityC—regret:guilt

D—resent:cooperationE—brood:resolution

-A动作及其表达内心感情

Topreen/fumeistoexpressone'sself-satisfaction/anger.

preen:toindulgeinpridewithavaindisplayofself-satisfaction:plume,primp

brood:tositonandhatch;ponderinadistressedway

27.barter:commodities::

A—arbitrate:disputesB—invade:boundariesC—debate:issues

D-correspond:lettersE—promote:ranks

--D交换后者

Tobarteristoexchangecommoditiesdirectlywithoutusingmoney.

Tocorrespondistoexchangeletterseachotherbypost.

28.endow:income::

A-emit:signalsB-endorse:approvalC-enchant:magic

D-embark:voyageE-endure:hardships

-B将后者给予别人

Toendowistoofferpartofone'sincometoothers.

Toendorseistogiveone'sapprovaltoothers.

endorse:toexpresssupportorapprovalpubliclyordefinitely.

29.topsoil:erode::

A—leather:tanB-veneer:varnishC—roast:baste

D—grain:mashE—paint:peel

-E消除关系

Toerodethetopsoilistowearitawaygradually.

Topeelthepaintistostripitoffthewall.

veneer:adeceptivelyattractiveappearance:fa?ade,gloss

30.enunciate:words::

A—limn:linesB—parse:sentencesC—hear:sounds

D—run:stepsE—stint:savings

-A清晰使用后者

Toenunciateistoutterwordsclearly.

Tolimnlinesistodrawlinesclearly.

enunciate:articulate

limn:tooutlineinclearsharpdetail:delineate

31.disabuse:error::

A-rehabilitate:addictionB-persevere:derelictionC—belittle:imperfection

D-discredit:reputationE-discern:discrimination

-A消除关系

Todisabusesbistoremovehimfromerror.

Torehabilitatesbistoremovehisaddiction.

disabuse:tofreefromerror,fallacyormisconception

derelict:abandonedbyowner;neglectfulofduty

rehabilitate:torestoretoaformerstate

32.logic:reasoning::

A—sensitivity:moralityB—arrogance:leadershipC—ethics:behavior

D-creativity:enthusiasmE—bravery:charisma

--C学科及其研究范畴

Thelogicisadisciplinedealingwiththeprinciplesofreasoning.

Theethicsisasciencestudyinghuman'sbehaviorforlearningitsmorals.

charisma:aspecialqualityofleadershipthatinspirespopularfascinationanddevotion.

33.mimicry:camouflage::

A-photosynthesis:pollinationB—territoriality:migrationC—hibernation:generation

D-mutation:variationE-digestion:rumination

-D种属关系

Themimicry/mutationisakindofbiologicalcamouflage/variation.

mimicry:oneorganismresemblesanotherincolor,formorbehaviortoavoidpredators

mutation:asuddenvariationinsomeinheritablecharacteristicinorganism

34.metaphor:literal::

A一biography:accurateB-melody:spokenC—poem:rhythmic

D—anthem:patrioticEballet:intricate

-B不能

Themetaphorcan*tbeunderstoodliteral.

Themelodycan'tbespokenout.

metaphor:aspeechinwhichawordliterallydenotingonekindofobjectisusedinplaceof

anotherinordertosuggestalikenessbetweenthem

35.prescience:future::

A—irrationality:sanityB—predictability:pastC—irascibility:emotions

D-erudition:esotericE—talkativeness:loquacity

-D前知后

Thepresciencereferstoknowthefuture.

Theeruditionreferstoknoweverythingincludingtheesoteric.

prescience:prevision,presage,foresight,prefigure

esoteric:intendedfororunderstoodbyonlyachosenfew;beyondtheunderstandingor

knowledgeofmostpeople:abstruse

36.rust:corrosion::

A—vapor:flammabilityB-dew:condensationC—crystal:purification

D-solution:precipitationE—mold:disinfection

-B因果关系

Therustistheresultofcorrosionbychemicalaction.

Thedewistheresultofcondensationofthemoisture.

37.claim:legitimated::

A一hypothesis:confirmedB-verdict:appealedC—counterargument:doubted

D—proposition:repeatedE—speculation:disbelieved

-A后使前成立

Theclaimisvalidwhenitislegitimated.

Thehypothesisisvalidwhenitisconfirmed.

claim:toassertone'srightto

38.quaff:sip::

A-bolt:runB—punch:hitC—gnaw:nibble

D—trudge:plodE—stride:mince

—E大小关系

Toquaffistodrinkinlargeamounts,whiletosipistodrinkinsmallquantities.

Tostrideistowalkwithlongsteps,whiletominceistowalkwithshortsteps.

39.verbosity:words::

A-harmoniousness:relationshipsB—floridness:embellishments

C-interrogation:answersD-supposition:proposalsE—condemnation:acts

-B过多的后者造成前者

Toomanywordsleadstoverbosity.

Toomuchembellishmentsresultsinfloridness.

embellish:decorate,ornament,embroider,garnish,adorn

florid:elaboratelydecorated

interrogate:toquestionformallyandsystematically

40.malinger:ail::

A—study:learnB—qualify:achieveC—sneer:respect

D—flatter:appreciateE—clash:resolve

-D假滇

Tomalingeristopretendtoail.

Toflatteristoappreciateinsincerely,

appreciate:tovalueoradmirehighly

41.abraded:friction::

A—refined:distillateB—anodized:metalC—diluted:gas

D—strengthened:pressureE—vaporized:heat

-E因果关系

Thefrictioncanmakethingsabraded.

Theheatcancausethingsvaporized,

distillate:productofdistillation,essence

42.curiosity:know::

A—temptation:conquerB—starvation:eatC—wanderlust:travel

D—humor:laughE—survival:live

-C渴望

Curiosity/Wanderlustisthedesiretoknow/travel.

43.mutter:indistinct::

A-demand:obedientB—plead:obligatoryC—flatter:commendable

D-drone:monotonousE—confirm:proven

-D正面特征

Tomutteristospeakinanindistinctvoice.

Todroneistotalkinamonotonoussound.

44.prohibitive:purchase::

A—preventive:healB-laudatory:praiseC—admonitory:fear

D—peremptory:disputeE—imperative:comply

-D对立句子题

Sththatisprohibitivecan'tbepurchased.

Sththatisperemptorycan'tbedisputedwith,

prohibitive:tendingtoprecludeuseorpurchase

peremptory:puttinganendtoorprecludingarightofaction,debate,ordelay

45.request:command::

A一propose:stipulateB-enlist:supportC-relegate:consign

D—volunteer:acceptE—select:reject

-A正常:强制

Tocommandsthistorequestitdirectlywithauthority.

Tostipulatesthistoproposeitclearlyintermsofagreement,

stipulate:tospecifyasconditionorrequirementofanagreementoroffer

relegate:toassigntoaplaceofinsignificanceorofoblivion

46.enfranchise:vote::

A—advertise:sellB—fumigate:killC—filter:purify

D—illuminate:seeE-ignite:bum

-D动作及其结果

Enfranchisesb,thensbcanvote.

Illuminatesb,thensbcansee.

fumigate:toapplysmokeorgasforthepurposeofdisinfectingorofdestroyingpests

illuminate:enlighten

enfranchise:togivetherightofsuffrage

47.log:ship::

A-archive:dataB—inventory:storeC—roster:team

D—bulletin:eventE—diary:person

-E前是后的日志

Thelogisasequentialrecordofthetripofaship.

Thediaryisadailyrecordofeventsorthoughtsaboutaperson.

48.soliloquy:play::

A—violin:concertoB—overture:musicalC-duet:ensemble

D—lyric:poemE—aria:opera

-E单独:完整

Thesoliloquyisthesolopartofaplaywhichisperformedbyoneactor.

Theariaisthesolopartofanoperawhichissungbyonesinger.

overture:prelude

49.contract:implode::

A—expand:swellB-descend:plummetC-add:accelerate

D-cool:solidifyE—stretch:flex

-B正常:突然

Toimplode/plummetistocontract/descendsuddenly.

implode:burstinward,undergoviolentcompression

swell:toexpandgraduallybeyondanormalororiginallimit

50.cohabit:reside::

A-conspire:plotB—coincide:contradictC—secrete:conceal

D一infiltrate:influenceE-frame:incriminate

-A共同:正常

Tocohabit/conspireistoreside/plottogether.

frame:tofalsifyevidencetomakeaninnocentoneseemguilty

51.stencil:lettering::

A-skillet:heatingB—pattern:sewingC—plow:farming

D—music:singingE—hammer:building

-B后以前为模板

Thestencil/patternisamodelforlettering/sewing.

stencil:animperviousmaterialperforatedwithletteringofadesignthroughwhichasubstanceis

forcedontoasurfacetobeprinted

pattern:setofformstotheshapeofwhichmaterialiscutfbrassemblyintofinishedclothes;a

dresspattern

52.melodrama:subtlety::

A—chimera:authenticityB——parody:witC—war:strategy

D一brief:abstractE-hypothesis:theory

-A缺乏关系

Themelodramaisanemotionalandexaggerateddramawhichlackssubtlety.

Thechimeraisavisionaryandmythicalmonsterwhichlacksauthenticity.

subtlety:nuance,delicacy

melodrama:anexcitingandemotionaldramausu.withahappyending

53.bacteria:decomposition::

A-lava:eruptionB—penicillin:injectionC—yeast:fermentation

D—oxygen:respirationE—plants:deforestation

--C事物及其功能

Bacteriaplayaroleinthedeadcreature'sdecompositioninthenature.

Yeastplaysaroleoffermentationinthenature.

54.preeminence:importance::

A—predestination:beliefB——prefiguration:realityC——premeditation:execution

D—predisposition:preferenceE—preponderance:weight

-E程度类比

Preeminenceisthestateofbeingsuperiorinimportance.

Preponderanceisthestateofbeingsuperiorinweight.

preeminent:havingparamountrank,dignityorimportance

preponderate:asuperiorityinweight,power,importanceofstrength

55.ditty:oratorio::

A—satire:parodyB—libretto:operaC—anecdote:novel

D—fresco:panoramaE—sonnet:madrigal

-C非正规和正规

Comparedwithdittywhichisshortandnotshownonthestage,theoratorioisformal.

Comparedwithanecdotewhichissmallandamusingandnotprintedonthebook,thenovelis

formal.

oratorio:cantata

madrigal:amedievalshortlyricpoem

56.law:judgment::

A-jury:verdictB-data:collectionC—information:decision

D-news:messageE—sample:population

-C前是后的依据

Makeajudgment/decisionintermsoflaw/information.

verdict:thedecisionofajury