2023年上海市徐汇区高考英语二模试卷-普通用卷

第=page11页，共=sectionpages11页2023年上海市徐汇区高考英语二模试卷一、选词填空-句子（本大题共1小题，共10.0分）1.

A.academicB.previouslyC.submitD.assessedE.classifierF.controversyG.subscribedH.detectI.typicallyJ.accessK.labelledOpenAIreleases"notfullyreliable"tooltodetectAIgeneratedcontentChatGPThasbeencreatingwavesacrosstheinternetwithitswritingabilityandresponsestorequests.TheuseofChatGPThasbeenfullof（1）______.Therehavebeenconcernsthatstudentscanusethistoolto（2）______AI-generatedworkandclaimitastheirown.

OpenAI，theresearchlaboratorybehindChatGPT，hasreleasedatooldesignedto（3）______whethertexthasbeenwrittenbyartificialintelligence，butwarnsit'snotcompletelyreliable–yet.

InablogpostonTuesday，OpenAIlinkedtoanew（4）______toolthathasbeentrainedtodistinguishbetweentextwrittenbyahumanandthatwrittenbyavarietyofAI，notjustChatGPT.

ThetoolcouldbeusefulincaseswhereAIwasusedfor"（5）______dishonesty"andwhenAIchatbotswerepositionedashumans，theysaid.Buttheyadmittedthetool"isnotfullyreliable"andonlycorrectlyidentified26%ofAI-writtenEnglishtexts.Italsoincorrectly（6）______human-writtentextsasprobablywrittenbyAItools9%ofthetime.

"Ourclassifier'sreliability（7）______improvesasthelengthoftheinputtextincreases.Comparedtoour（8）______releasedclassifier，thisnewclassifierissignificantlymorereliableontextfrommorerecentAIsystems."

SinceChatGPTwasopeneduptopublic（9）______，ithasgivenrisetoawaveofconcernamongeducationalinstitutionsacrosstheworldthatitcouldleadtocheatinginexamsorassessments.LecturersintheUKarebeingurgedtoreviewthewayinwhichtheircourseswere（10）______，whilesomeuniversitieshavebannedthetechnologyentirelyandreturnedtopen-and-paperexamstostopstudentsusingAI.(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)二、阅读理解（本大题共11小题，共22.0分）AAndysmiledasheandhisfielddayteamsteppeduptotheirlastactivity.Theywereinfirstplace，andAndycouldalreadyfeelthemedalaroundhisneck.

"Howexciting!"Mrs.Emorysaid."Youtwoteamsaretiedwiththehighestscoreoftheday."

"Tied？"Andysaid."Butwebeatthemattherelayrace."

"Yes，butthatwastheironlyloss，"Mrs.Emorysaid."Yourteamalsohasoneloss，soyouarebothtiedforfirstplace."

Andycrossedhisarmsinfrontofhischest.Hedidn'twanttothinkabouttheballoontoss（抛）.He'dbeenthefirstonetodrophisballoon.

"Thiseventisahulahoop（呼啦圈）challenge，"Mrs.Emorysaid，handingeveryoneahulahoop.

"Arewesupposedtoseehowfarwecanrollthem？"Andyasked."No.Yourchallengeistohulahoopforaslongaspossible.Onceyourhoophitstheground，youwillbedisqualified.Thelastpersonhulahoopingwillwintheeventfortheirteam."

Andy'seyeswidened.He'dneverhulahoopedbefore.Helookedattherestofhisteam.BeckyseemedconfidentandsodidCory.Theyonlyneededonepersontodowellinordertowin.

"Canwestart？"askedRachelle，theotherteam'scaptain.Shemusthavedonethisbeforebecauseshewasexcitedaboutthechallenge.

Mrs.Emoryblewherwhistle."Begin!"AndywatchedRachelleandmimickedeverythingshedid.Butnomatterhowhardhetried，thehoopwouldn'tstayup.Itdroppedandfelltohisankles.HesteppedasideandcheeredforBeckyandCorywhoweretheonlyoneslefttobattleRachelle.

Beckysneezedandherhoopfelltotheground.Andygrumbled，buthestartedcheeringevenlouderforCory.AndystaredatRachelle.Shelookedsorelaxed.Herteamwaschantinghername，andittookAndyamomenttorealizeCoryhaddroppedhishoop.

Thechallengewasover，andRachellehadwon，whichmeantAndy'steamhadlost.ButAndycouldn'thelpcheeringforRachelleasshecontinuedtohulahoop.RachellewasstillhulahoopingwhenMrs.Emorygaveoutthemedals.Andyworehissecond-placemedalwithprideashecongratulatedRachelle，thetruefielddaychampion.2.WhatcanwelearnaboutAndyfromthefirstparagraph？______A.Hefelttheweightofthemedalhangingfromhisneck.

B.Hegotthegoldmedalbecausehegotthehighestscore.

C.Hewantedtotakeoffhismedalsohecouldperformbetter.

D.Hewasconfidentaboutbecomingthefielddaychampion.3.Theunderlinedwordmimickedcouldbereplaceby______.A.madefunof B.imitated C.criticised D.cheeredfor4.HowdidAndyfeelwhenhereceivedhismedal？______A.Disappointed. B.Angry. C.Proud. D.Confused.5.Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage？______A.Andy'steambeattheothersinthepreviousactivities.

B.Andyisaconfidentplayerandhasgoodsportsmanship.

C.Andydidn'tcheerforRachellebecausehelostthegame.

D.Andy'steammembershadneverhulahoopedbefore.B

WHATISSCIENCEGAMES？

Withafocusoncollaboration，connection，discovery，andfun，studentsinBritishColumbiawillhaveanopportunitytoparticipateina3-weeksciencejourneyinJuly2023!AtScienceGames，studentsfromGrades1–6acrossBCexploresciencefirst-handinanonlinegroupledbyengineersandgeoscientists.

Thisinteractiveeventhostedonlinegivesstudentsthechancetoinvestigatethewaysscienceaffectstheireverydaylives.Divingdeepintotheworldofinnovation，participantswillconnectwithotherlike-mindedstudentsandworktogetheronlinetocreatetheirownsolutionsduringeachSaturdayactivitysession.

-2023VIRTUALPROGRAMSCHEDULEDateDivision1

（Grades1–3）Division2

（Grades4–6）July15，20239：00AM–11：00AM2：00PM–5：00PMJuly22，20239：00AM–11：00AM2：00PM–5：00PMJuly29，20239：00AM–11：00AM2：00PM–5：00PM2023SCIENCEGAMESREGISTRATION

Toparticipateinthesesessions，yourchildmustbesignedupasa2023ScienceGamesparticipantandpaya﹩25+GSTregistrationfee.Ifthereisafinancialbarriertoyourparticipationinthe2023ScienceGames，youcanapplyforabursaryforareducedrate.TheonlineScienceGamesBursaryapplicationformwillbeavailablewhenregistrationlaunches.

Parents/Guardianscanregistertheirchild/childrenas：

•IndividualParticipants

•GroupParticipants

Pleasenote：

•Youcangroupregistrationswithagroupcode.Thegroupsizemaximumis3participantssoyoucanonlyshareyourcodewith2otherScienceGamesparticipants.

•ScienceGamesparticipantswillalsoreceiveapackagefromEngineersandGeoscientistsBCattheendofJune.ThispackageincludesitemsthatarenecessaryforparticipationinaparticularScienceGamesactivity.

HaveanyotherquestionsaboutScienceGames2023？Emailusatbursary"probablymean？______A.admission B.reward C.budget D.scholarship8.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaboutScienceGames？______A.Eachsessionofthevirtualprogramwilllasttwohours.

B.Studentswillconducthands-onexperimentswithscientists.

C.Parentsneedtoprepareactivitymaterialsfortheirchildren.

D.Eachregistrationgroupcanhavenomorethan3participants.CCastingblameisnatural：itistemptingtofaultsomeoneelseforamistakeratherthantakingresponsibilityyourself.Butblameisalsoharmful.Itmakesitlesslikelythatpeoplewillownuptomistakes，andthuslesslikelythatorganizationscanlearnfromthem.Researchpublishedin2015suggeststhatfirmswhosemanagerspointedtoexternalfactorstoexplaintheirfailingsunderperformedcompaniesthatblamedthemselves.

Blameculturecanspreadlikeavirus.Justaschildrenfearmomanddad'spunishmentiftheyadmittowrongdoing，inablamingenvironment，employeesareafraidofcriticismandpunishmentiftheyacknowledgemakingamistakeatwork.Blamecultureasks，"whodroppedtheball？"insteadof"wheredidoursystemsandprocessesfail？"Thefocusisontheindividuals，nottheprocesses.It'smucheasiertopointfingersatapersonordepartmentinsteadofdoingtheharder，butthemorebeneficial，exerciseoffixingtherootcause，sotheproblemdoesnothappenagain.

TheNoBlameCulturewasintroducedtomakesureerrorsanddeficiencies（缺陷）werehighlightedbyemployeesasearlyaspossible.Itoriginatedinorganizationswheretinyerrorscanhavecatastrophic（灾难性的）consequences.Theseareknownashighreliabilityorganizations（HROs）andincludehospitals，submarinesandairlines.Becauseerrorscanbesodisastrousintheseorganizations，it'sdangeroustooperateinanenvironmentwhereemployeesdon'tfeelabletoreporterrorsthathavebeenmadeorraiseconcernsaboutthatdeficienciesmayturnintofutureerrors.TheNoBlameCulturemaximizesaccountabilitybecauseallcontributionstotheeventoccurringareidentifiedandreviewedforpossiblechangeandimprovement.

TheNationalTransportationSafetyBoard（NTSB），whichsupervisesairtrafficacrosstheUnitedStates，makesitclearthatitsroleisnottoassignblameorliabilitybuttofindoutwhatwentwrongandtoissuerecommendationstoavoidarepeat.Theproudrecordoftheairlineindustryinreducingaccidentspartlyreflectsno-blameprocessesforinvestigatingcrashesandclosecalls.Themotivetolearnfromerrorsalsoexistwhentherisksarelower.Thatiswhysoftwareengineersanddevelopersroutinelyinvestigatewhatwentwrongifawebsitecrashesoraservergoesdown.

Thereisanobviousworryaboutembracingblamelessness.Whatifthewebsitekeepscrashingandthesamepersonisatfault？Sometimes，afterall，blameisdeserved.Theideaofthe"justculture"，aframeworkdevelopedinthe1990sbyJamesReason，apsychologist，addressestheconcernthattheincompetentandthemalevolent（恶意的）willbeletoffthehook.ThelinethatBritain'saviationregulatordrawsbetweenhonesterrorsandtheothersortisagoodstarting-point.Itpromisesacultureinwhichpeople"arenotpunishedforactionsordecisionstakenbythemthatarecommensuratewiththeirexperienceandtraining".Thatnarrowsroomforblamebutdoesnotremoveitentirely.9.Accordingtotheresearchpublishedin2015，companiesthat______hadbetterperformance.A.blamedexternalfactors B.owneduptomistakes

C.conductedinvestigations D.admittedfailures10.Accordingtothepassage，theNoBlameCulture______.A.encouragestheearlydisclosureoferrors

B.onlyexistsinhighreliabilityorganizations

C.enablespeopletoshifttheblameontoothers

D.preventsorganizationstolearnfromerrors11.Whatisthemajorconcernaboutembracingblamelessnessaccordingtothepassage？______A.Innocentpeoplemighttaketheblamebyadmittingtheirfailure.

B.Beingblamedformistakescandestroytrustinemployees.

C.Thelinebetweenhonesterrorsandtheothersortisnotclear.

D.Peoplewon'tlearntheirlessonsiftheyaren'tblamedforfailures.12.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthepassage？______A.WhyWeFailtoLearnfromOurOwnMistakes

B.HowtoAvoidDisastrousErrorsinOrganizations

C.WhyWeShouldStoptheBlameGameatWork

D.HowtoDealwithWorkplaceBlameCulture三、阅读七选五（本大题共4小题，共8.0分）HowtosupportastrugglingfriendWe'veallbeeninsituationslikethis，bothbigandsmallandeverythinginbetween：frommissingthebustoworktostrugglingwiththelossofalovedone.Commonwisdomsuggeststhataproblemsharedisaproblemhalved.Wereallywanttohelp，yetwedon'tquitehavethewordsorthetactics.

Researchshowsthatmanypeopledon'treallyknowwhatworksbesttohelptheirfriendseffectively.（1）______Asurveyofthemethodsthatpeopleusedtomanagetheirfriends'emotionsidentified378distinctstrategies.Giventhislargevarietyofstrategies，it'snowonderthatdecidingwhattodowhenyouhaveafriendintearscanbealittlechallenging.

Thegoodnewsisthattherearesimplestrategiesyoucanlearnthatwillhelpyouprovidemoreeffectivesupporttoyourfriends.

Askquestionsandreallylisten

Justasplayingdownafriend'sproblemisunwise，soistryingtoempathizetooquickly.Whilethisimpulseisunderstandableandquitenormal，itisalsolikelytogowrong.（2）______Sohowmightyoubestaddressthesituationinstead？Arecentresearchsuggeststhatitwouldbebettertoslowdownandstartbyaskingdirectlyhowyourfriendisfeeling，ratherthanthinkingabouthowyoumightfeelinasimilarsituation.

Arelatedtechniquetotryisactivelistening，whichiscommonlyusedbytherapists，andrelativelysimpletoimplement.

（3）______Forexample，yourfriendmightspendsometimeexplainingaseriesofstressfuleventsacrosstheirweek，describingargumentswiththeirspouse，amountingworkloadandsomeworriesaboutdebt，andyoumightrespondbysayingthatitsoundsliketheyareoverwhelmedbothathomeandatworkrightnow.

Don'ttakecharge

Ifyoursupportistoodirectiveandtake-charge，itmightmakeyourfriendsfeelliketheyaren'tabletohandlethingsontheirown，likeakidwhoneedstheirparent'shelptomanagetheirproblems.

Instead，itwouldhavebeenbettertoaskthemwhattheywant，andhowtheymightbeabletochangethissituation，andthenlistentothemtalkthroughtheiroptionsonebyone.Indoingthis，youprovideasoundingboardforthemtotakecontrolofthesituationontheirown.（4）______Thiswillhelpthemorganisetheirthoughtsandcometosomesolutions，withoutfeelinglikeyoudiditforthem.

A.Oneusefulskillistoparaphrasewhatyourfriendissayinginyourownwords.

B.Afriendwhoisgoingthroughhardshipmaybenefitfromahelpfulgesture.

C.Partofthechallengeisthattherearejustsomanypossiblewaystointervene.

D.It'simportantnottoputtoomuchpressureonyourfriendtotalk.

E.Researchhasshownthatwe'reactuallyreallybadattakingotherpeople'sperspectives.

F.Youraimshouldbetofacilitatetheotherperson'schoices，ratherthandominatingthem.13.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G14.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G15.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G16.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G四、完形填空（本大题共15小题，共22.5分）Whydosongsgetstuckinthehead？Haveyoueverhadasongstuckinyourheadand，nomatterhowhardyoutried，youcouldnotgetridofit？Thesongplayedonandon，whetheryouwereloadingthedishwasher，weavinginandoutoftraffic，orattemptingto（1）______yourmindatthestartofyogaclass.

Havingasongstuckinone'shead，knownasanearworm，isanexperiencethatover90%ofushaveona（2）______.We'remorelikelytocatchanearwormafterwestopfocusing，inmomentswhentheworkingmemoryis（3）______，whenwe'rerelaxed，whenworkisfinishedorwhenwe'reabitsleepy.

Certainsongsare（4）______thanothers，andsomorelikelyto"autorepeat"inyourhead.Therearecertainmusicalcharacteristicsthatmakesongsmorelikelytobecomeearworms，suchasifthepieceisrepetitive，ifthereisalongerdurationofcertainnotes，if（5）______betweenthenotesaresmaller.（6）______，weknowthatmoodcanhaveanimpact，withsomepeoplereportingthattheyalwaysgetthesameearwormwhentheyfeelgood，orpeopleexperiencingafast-tempoearwormwhentheyare（7）______.Andofcoursefamiliaritywithasongisakey（8）______.Songsthatyoudon'tknowverywellarelesslikelytopopupasearworms.

Ifyou'vehadenoughofyourearwormandneedtostopitinitstracks，youwouldbewellwarnednottotrytoblockthesongout，butratherto（9）______acceptit.Adeterminedefforttoblockthesongoutmayresultinthevery（10）______ofwhatyouwant.AccordingtopsychologistDanielWegner，（11）______thesongmaymakeyourbrainkeepplayingitoverandoveragain.Togetridofanearworm，youmaybebestservedbysimply（12）______it，acceptingit，andleavingitalonetoletthisphenomenonendsupweakeningitselflittlebylittle.

Somepeopletryto（13）______themselvesfromthesong，anditworks.Youcantryreadingabook，listeningtoadifferentsongorevenplayinganinstrument.Others（14）______thetuneinquestion，becauseitiscommonlybelievedthatearwormsoccurwhenyourememberonlypartofasong；hearingtheentiresongmaystopit.Neurologists（神经学家）pointoutthatit'srecommendabletochewgumtoreducethe（15）______ofanearwormbecausejawmovementinterfereswithmusicalmemory.However，it'simportanttonotethatthisphenomenonusuallylastslessthan24hours.17.

A.burden B.clear C.alter D.exploit18.

A.trial B.solid C.voluntary D.regular19.

A.inactive B.complicated C.dynamic D.uncertain20.

A.catchier B.slower C.harsher D.louder21.

A.phases B.intervals C.rhythms D.sessions22.

A.Instead B.Therefore C.Otherwise D.Additionally23.

A.alert B.pleased C.remote D.rigid24.

A.criterion B.consequence C.concept D.contributor25.

A.readily B.constantly C.passively D.critically26.

A.opposite B.fantasy C.emphasis D.equivalent27.

A.integrating B.converting C.resisting D.tolerating28.

A.interrupting B.acknowledging C.stimulating D.facilitating29.

A.perceive B.isolate C.distract D.identify30.

A.seekout B.actout C.castout D.knockout31.

A.proportion B.intensity C.integrity D.preference五、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）32.TheGreatVoiceActorSincethecreationofanimated（动画的）motionpictures，theuseofactorssupplyingvoices（1）______（be）invaluable.Behindeveryfamouscartooncharacter'spersonalityistheactorstandingintherecordingboothand（2）______（stretch）theirmannerofspeakinginunrecognizableways.Forsomeoftheseperformers，thevoicesthey'veprovidedhavefarsurpassedthemaspeopleinbothrecognizeabilityandadoration.

MelBlanc，knownas"TheManofThousandVoices"，（3）______（regard）asthemostprolificactortoeverworkinHollywoodwithoverathousandscreencredits.Hedevelopedandperformednearly400distinctcharactervoices.Whetherinlegendaryshortsorlesser-knowncommercials，MelBlancwalkedsothevoiceactorsoftoday（4）______run.

MelBlanclenthisvoicetomanyclassiccharacters，buttheoneheisbestknownforisBugsBunny.ThereislittlethatcanbesaidaboutBugs'impact（5）______hasn'talreadybeensaidfordecades.Thecharacteris（6）______helpedlaunchWarnerBros.animationintothemainstream.BugswaseventhefaceofWarnerBros.FamilyEntertainment，appearingatthebeginningofmanyfilms.（7）______acharactermaynottalk，thatdoesn'tmeanafairbitofvoiceactingisn'tinvolved.Melprovidedthevariousnoisesofthebelovedpetdinosaur，Dino，inTheFlintstones.Whileobviouslynotasquotableashiscavemancompanions，everyfanknowstheexcitedbarkofDinowhenheseeshismaster，Fred，arrivehome.InJanuary1961，attheageof52，Blancwasseverelyinjuredinacaraccidentandhadtotapehispartathomewithamicrophone（8）______（suspend）overhisbed.

MelBlancpavedthewayforvoiceactingasatrueart，thoughit'saskillthatoftengoesunrecognizedwhenpraiseisfocusedonmoviesandTV.Thecharacterswealllovewouldn'tbewheretheyareinthepubliceyewithout（9）______whoputavoicetothem.ManyrecognizableorpopularvoiceactorsofourmodernerahaveBlanc（10）______（thank）fortheirstart，andhopetoreachhislevelofunmatchedexpertiseatbringingcountlesscharacterstolifethewaynooneelsecan.(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)六、句子翻译（本大题共4小题，共8.0分）33.该纪录片自播出第一集后就广受好评。（episode）______34.这家面包店最近挺火，经常看到有网红在里面拍照。（so…that…）______35.当务之急是找到问题的关键和解决的对策，而不是坐在那儿自怨自艾。（priority）______36.太极（TaiChi）是中华民族传统文化之瑰宝，其动作柔缓，但能以突然爆发的力量将对手击退。（feature）______七、书面表达（本大题共2小题，共50.0分）37.假如你是明启中学的李平。你的朋友Jenny来信说：随着大学申请和期末考试的临近，她十分忙碌，经常熬夜，没有时间参加喜欢的社团活动和社交生活，她感到难以平衡学业、课外活动和社会生活。请你写封邮件给她，内容包括：

（1）分析她面临的主要问题；

（2）提出相应的建议和理由。38.SummaryWriting

IsBanningSingle-usePlastictheRightOption？

Theharmfuleffectsofusingplasticarebecomingincreasinglyapparent.Plasticdoesnotdecompose，butbreaksdownintosmallerandsmallerparticles.Itthreatensournatureaswellasourhealth.Onepopularsolutiontotheproblemistoprohibitsingle-useplastics.IntheUK，supermarketsarebeingencouragedtosetupplastic-freeaisles，inwhichthefoodisdisplayedloose，andshoppersareencouragedtomakemoreenvironmentally-friendlychoicesinpackingandtransportingtheirfood.

Suchplansarewell-intentioned，butitmaynotbebeneficialtoeliminate（清除）theuseofsingle-useplasticaltogether.Oneofthefieldswheresingle-useplastichasavitalroleisthefoodindustry.Whenfoodorfreshgoodsarepackedinplastic，theyareprotectedandpreserved，helpingthemremainfresherandkeepingthemfromspoiling.Single-useplasticisalsocrucialinthemedicalindustry.Thisisnotjustbecauseofitslowcost.Ithelpstopreventthespreadofinfectionandthatisthebiggestbenefitofthematerialinthemedicalfield.

Replacingplasticwithothermaterialsisneithersimplenorstraightforward，mainlyduetothechallengeoffindinganalternativethatcombinesallthemostdesirableplasticproperties.Forexample，glassproductsareapotentialalternative，butcleaningthemwouldbeextremelyexpensivewhileincreasingtherisktohealth.Anotherissueisthatalternativematerialstoplasticareoftenmoreenvironmentallyharmfulthanplastic.Takepaperbags，forexample.ResearchbytheNorthernIrelandAssemblyshowsfourtimesmoreenergyisrequiredtomanufactureapaperbagthanaplasticbag.Ifpeoplerespondbysimplyusingothermaterials，abanonsingle-useplasticcanendupmakingtheproblemworse.

Clearlythereisaneedtoreduceplasticwasteanditsimpactontheenvironment.However，simplybanningtheirsingleusemaynotbethebestoption.

____________

答案和解析1.【答案】【小题1】F【小题2】C【小题3】H【小题4】E【小题5】A【小题6】K【小题7】I【小题8】B【小题9】J【小题10】D【解析】（1）考查不可数名词。句意：ChatGPT的使用一直充满争议。分析可知，介词of后应接名词作宾语，结合句意可知，抽象名词controversy"争议"符合题意，故选F。

（2）考查动词原形。句意：有人担心学生可以使用这个工具提交人工智能生成的作品，并声称这是他们自己的。分析可知，此处为动词不定式作目的状语，故设空处应用动词原形，结合句意可知，动词submit"提交"符合题意，故选C。

（3）考查动词原形。句意：ChatGPT背后的研究实验室OpenAI发布了一个工具，旨在检测文本是否由人工智能编写，但警告说，它还不完全可靠。分析可知，此处为动词不定式作目的状语，故设空处应用动词原形，结合句意可知，动词detect"检测；查出"符合题意。故选H。

（4）考查可数名词单数。句意：在周二的一篇博客文章中，OpenAI链接了一个新的分类器工具，该工具经过训练，可以区分人类编写的文本和各种人工智能编写的文本，而不仅仅是ChatGPT。分析可知，所填词为定语，修饰名词tool，结合句意可知，名词classifier"分类器"符合题意，此处为名词修饰名词表示用途，classifiertool"分类器工具"。故选E。

（5）考查形容词。句意：他们表示，在人工智能被用于"学术欺诈"以及人工智能聊天机器人被定位为人类的情况下，该工具可能会很有用。分析可知，空处应用形容词作定语，修饰后文名词dishonesty，结合句意可知，形容词academic"学术的"符合题意。故选A。

（6）考查动词时态。句意：在9%的情况下，它还错误地将人类编写的文本标记为可能是由人工智能工具编写的。分析可知，空处应用动词作谓语，结合语境可知，label"标记，贴标签于"符合句意，结合上文可知，此处是在叙述过去的事情，应用一般过去时。故选K。

（7）考查副词。句意：我们的分类器的可靠性通常随着输入文本长度的增加而提高。分析可知，此处应用副词作状语，修饰动词improves，根据句意可知，副词typically"通常"符合题意。故选I。

（8）考查副词。句意：与我们之前发布的分类器相比，这个新的分类器在来自最近的人工智能系统的文本上明显更可靠。分析可知，空处应用副词作状语，修饰分词released，根据句意可知，副词previously"以前地"符合题意。故选B。

（9）考查不可数名词。句意：自从ChatGPT向公众开放以来，它在世界各地的教育机构中引起了一波担忧，即它可能导致考试或评估作弊。分析可知，形容词public后应用名词作介词to的宾语，根据句意可知，不可数名词access"（使用或见到的）机会/权利"符合题意。故选J。

（10）考查动词。句意：英国的讲师被敦促重新审视他们的课程评估方式，而一些大学已经完全禁止了这项技术，并恢复了纸笔考试，以阻止学生使用人工智能。分析可知，空处应用动词作从句的谓语，结合句意表示"评估"应用动词assess，且assess与主语theircourses之间是被动关系，故此处应用过去分词与空前的were构成一般过去时的被动语态。故选D。

本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了OpenAI发布的一个旨在检测文本是否由人工智能编写的分类器工具，但它还不完全可靠。

如何做选词填空

1.根据语法，判断词性

一般的空缺都可以通过其所在的句式结构和句法成分来判断其词性，从而正确的选词，进一步缩小词的选择范围。

2.利用语境，确定词形

当确定了一个单词的词性后，可通过上下文来帮助判断其形式，如动词的人称数，时态，语态，固定短语；名词的数和所有格，形容词，副词的比较级等。

2~5.【答案】D、B、C、B【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据文章第一段Andysmiledasheandhisfielddayteamsteppeduptotheirlastactivity.Theywereinfirstplace，andAndycouldalreadyfeelthemedalaroundhisneck.（安迪微笑着，他和他的团队开始了最后一项活动。他们现在排名领先，安迪已经能感觉到挂在脖子上的奖牌了）可知，安迪的团队现在排名领先，他非常有信心能够成为冠军，仿佛金牌已经挂在脖子上了。故选D项。

（2）词义猜测题。根据第八段第一句Andy'seyeswidened.He'dneverhulahoopedbefore.（安迪睁大了眼睛。他以前从来没有玩过呼啦圈）及第九段"Canwestart？"askedRachelle，theotherteam'scaptain.Shemusthavedonethisbeforebecauseshewasexcitedaboutthechallenge.（"我们可以开始了吗？"另一支球队的队长蕾切尔尔问。她以前一定做过这个，因为她对这个挑战很兴奋）可知，安迪之前没有玩过呼啦圈，而蕾切尔玩的非常好，所以正式比赛时，安迪会观察蕾切尔并模仿她的动作。故推测mimicked是"模仿"的意思。A.made

fun

of取笑；B.imitated模仿；C.criticised受到批评；D.cheered

for为之欢呼。故选B项。

（3）推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句Andyworehissecond-placemedalwithprideashecongratulatedRachelle，thetruefielddaychampion.（安迪自豪地戴着第二名的奖牌，向真正的体育比赛日冠军蕾切尔表示祝贺）可知，虽然安迪没拿到冠军奖牌，但他还是非常骄傲自豪的。A.Disappointed.感到失望的；B.Angry.愤怒的；C.Proud.骄傲的；D.Confused.感到困惑的。故选C项。

（4）推理判断题。根据第一段Andysmiledasheandhisfielddayteamsteppeduptotheirlastactivity.Theywereinfirstplace，andAndycouldalreadyfeelthemedalaroundhisneck.（安迪微笑着，他和他的团队开始了最后一项活动。他们现在排名领先，安迪已经能感觉到挂在脖子上的奖牌了）及第十段最后一句HesteppedasideandcheeredforBeckyandCorywhoweretheonlyoneslefttobattleRachelle.（他走到一边，为贝基和科里欢呼，他们是唯一剩下的与蕾切尔战斗的人）和最后一段最后一句Andyworehissecond-placemedalwithprideashecongratulatedRachelle，thetruefielddaychampion（安迪自豪地戴着第二名的奖牌，向真正的体育比赛日冠军蕾切尔表示祝贺）可以，安迪是一个非常自信的人，当自己落败之后，会为自己的队员们加油打气，在输掉比赛后，也能由衷地祝贺冠军队，安迪具有良好的体育精神。故选B项。

这是一篇记叙文。文章描述了一场呼啦圈比赛并赞美了安迪良好的体育精神。

阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。

6~8.【答案】C、D、D【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据第一框第二段中Thisinteractiveeventhostedonlinegivesstudentsthechancetoinvestigatethewaysscienceaffectstheireverydaylives.（这个在线举办的互动活动让学生有机会调查科学如何影响他们的日常生活）可知，ScienceGames最有可能是在线活动。故选C项。

（2）词句猜测题。划线词所在的句子If

there

is

a

financial

barrier

to

your

participation

in

the

2023

Science

Games，you

can

apply

for

a

bursary

for

a

reduced

rate.The

online

Science

Games

Bursary

application

form

will

be

available

when

registration

launches.（如果你参加2023年科学运动会有经济障碍，你可以申请助学金，以降低费率。网上科学游戏助学金申请表将于报名时提供。）其中划线短语应为"助学金"的意思。A.admission准许进入；B.reward奖赏；C.budget预算；D.scholarship助学金。故选D项。

（3）细节理解题。根据第二框第一段Thegroupsizemaximumis3participantssoyoucanonlyshareyourcodewith2otherScienceGamesparticipants.（小组人数最多为3人，因此你只能与其他2名科学游戏参与者分享你的代码）可知，每个注册组的参与者不超过3人。故选D项

这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了一项在线活动——科学游戏。

阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。

9~12.【答案】B、A、D、C【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段Research

published

in

2015

suggests

that

firms

whose

managers

pointed

to

external

factors

to

explain

their

failings

underperformed

companies

that

blamed

themselves.（2015年发表的一项研究表明，那些经理把失败归咎于外部因素的公司，其表现不如那些把失败归咎于自己的公司。）可知，把失败原因归咎于自身即承认自身错误的公司比把失败归咎于外部因素的公司表现得好。故选B。

（2）细节理解题。根据第三段TheNoBlameCulturewasintroducedtomakesureerrorsanddeficiencies（缺陷）werehighlightedbyemployeesasearlyaspossible.（引入"不责怪文化"，确保员工尽早指出错误和不足。）可知，"不责怪文化"可以鼓励员工尽早揭露错误和不足。故选A。

（3）细节理解题。根据最后一段Thereisanobviousworryaboutembracingblamelessness.Whatifthewebsitekeepscrashingandthesamepersonisatfault？Sometimes，afterall，blameisdeserved."（对于拥护"不责怪文化