初中主谓一致 讲解+练习

------------------------------------------------------------------------初中主谓一致讲解+练习主谓一致的用法及专项练习题一、主谓一致三原则

主谓一致是指谓语动词与主语在人称和数上保持一致，主谓一致必须遵循三原则：语法一致原则，意义一致原则，就近一致原则。

1.语法一致原则：指主语是单数形式，谓语动词用单数形式，主语是复数形式，谓语也用复数形式。

Tomisagoodstudent.汤姆是个好学生。

Theyoftenplayfootballontheplayground.他们经常在操场上踢足球。

2.意义一致：指主语形式上为单数，但意义为复数，因此谓语动词用复数形式；或主语形式上为复数,但表示单数意义，这是谓语动词用单数形式。

Myfamilyarehavinglunchnow.

我们一家人现在正吃午饭。

Twentydollarsistooexpensiveforthebook.

这本书20美元太贵了。

3.就近一致：指谓语动词用单数形式还是用复数形式，取决于最靠近他的主语。例如：

Notonlytheteacherbutalsohisstudentslikeplayingfootball.

不仅老师喜欢踢足球，而且他的学生也喜欢踢足球。

Thereisapenandsomebooksonthedesk.

课桌上有一支钢笔和一些书。

二、主谓一致常考题型

1.单数名词(代词)，不可数名词作主语时，谓语用单数形式，复数名词(代词)作主语，谓语用复数形式。

ThedeskisTom’s.这张桌子是汤姆的。

Somewaterisinthebottle.一些水在瓶子里。

Thestudentsareplayingfootballontheplayground.这些学生正在操场上踢足球。

2.manya+单数名词作主语，意义虽为“许多”，但谓语要用单数形式。

ManyastudenthasbeentoShanghai.许多学生到过上海。

3.morethanone+单数名词作主语，谓语用单数。

MorethanonestudenthaseverbeentoBeijing.不止一个学生曾经去过北京。

4.表示时间，价格，重量，数目，长度，数学运算等的词或短语作主语时，这些通常作一个整体概念，谓语用单数形式。例如：

Twomonthsisalongholiday.两个月是一个长假。

Twentypoundsisn’tsoheavy.20英镑并不太重。

Tenmilesisn’talongdistance.10英里并不是一段很长的距离。

Fiveminusfourisone.5减4等于1。5.主语是each/every+单数名词+and(each/every)+单数名词时，谓语动词用单数。

Eachboyandeachgirlhasgotaseat.每个男孩和女孩都有一个座位。

Everymanandeverywomanisatwork.每个男人和女人都在工作。

6.oneandahalf+复数名词作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。

Oneandahalfhoursisenough.一个半小时足够了。7.动词不定式，动名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。

Toseeistobelieve眼见为实。

Doingeyeexercisesisgoodforyoureyes.做眼睛保健操对你的眼睛十分有益。

8.a/an+单数名词+ortwo作主语，谓语动词用单数。Astudentortwohasfailedtheexam.一两个学生考试不及格。

9.当主语部分含有with，togetherwith，alongwith，aswellas，besides，except，but，like等介词或介词短语时，谓语动词用单数形式；但“名词+aswellas+名词”时，谓语动词一般应与第一个名词一致。MikewithhisfatherhasbeentoEngland.迈克同他的父亲去过英格兰。

Mike,likehisbrother,enjoysplayingfootball迈克像他的哥哥一样喜欢踢足球。

Thestudentsaswellastheteacherwerepresentatthemeeting.10.由and连接的两个单数名词作主语时，一般用复数形式，但and所连接的并列主语是同一个人，事物，或概念时，谓语动词用单数。这两种情况区分如下：a/the+单数名词+and+单数名词，指的是同一个人或物；a/the+单数名词+and+a/the+单数名词，指两个人或物。Thewriterandteacheriscoming.那位作家兼教师来了。(作家和教师指同一个人)

Thewriterandtheteacherarecoming.作家和老师来了。(作家和老师是两个人)

11.people,police等集体名词作主语，谓语动词用复数形式，family,class,group,team等集体名词作主语，若指一个整体时，谓语动词用单数形式，若指一个具体成员时，谓语动词复数形式。

Peoplehereareveryfriendly.这儿的人很友好。

Hisfamilyisn’tlarge.他家的人不多。

MyfamilyalllikewatchingTV.我们一家人都喜欢看电视。

12.不定代词somebody,someone,something,anybody,anything,everybody,everyone,everything,nobody,noone,nothing作主语，谓语动词用单数，

Iseveryoneheretoday.今天大家到齐了吗？

Somethingiswrongwithhim.他有毛病。

Nobodywasin.没有人在家。13.each,either,neither,another,theother作主语，谓语动词用单数。

EachofthemhasanEnglishdictionary.他们每人都有一本英语词典。

Neitheransweriscorrect.两个答案都不正确。14.以—s结尾的名词本身不表示复数意义，谓语通常用单数形式，如news,maths,physics等，Nonewsisgoodnews.没有消息就是好消息。Mathsisverypopularinourclass在我们班数学很受欢迎。15.由both…and…连接两个单数名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式；由or,either…or…，neither…nor…,notonly…butalso…,not…but…,连接两个名词或代词作主语时，根据就近原则决定谓语动词形式。EithermywifeorIamgoing.Neitheryou,norI,noranyoneelseknowstheanswer.Notonlyyoubutalsoheisreadytoleave.如果either,each,neither作主语，则动词为单数形式。Eachofushashislikesanddislikes.Neitherofthebooksisveryinteresting.16.如果主语是由“aseriesof,akindof,aportionof+等+名词”构成时，动词一般用单数形式。Aseriesofpre-recordedtapshasbeenpreparedforlanguagelaboratoryuse.但avarietyof,anumberof+名词复数，动词要用复数形式;.而thenumberof+复数名词作主语，谓语动词用单数。Onexhibitionthereareagreatvarietyofconsumergoods.Thenumberofthestudentsisovereighthoundred17．以here，there开关的句子，若主语在两个或两个以上，谓语动词通常与临近的主语一致Thereisabookandthreepensonthedesk.

Herearesomebooksandpaperforyou.18.the+形容词表示一类人时，谓语动词用复数形式，表示抽象概念时，用单数形式.Thepoorareveryhappy,butthericharesad.

Thebeautifullivesforever.美是永存的。

三．肯定与否定一致下列形容词、副词、代词从肯定句变成否定句时须作相应的变化。We'vehadsome(money).→Wehaven'thadany(money).Iwastalkingtosomeone.→Iwasn'ttalkingtoanyone.Theysometimesvisitus.→Theyrarely(never,seldom)visitus.Hehasarrivedalready.→Hehasn'tarrivedyet.Liiscomingtoo.→Liisn'tcomingeither.Bothofusaregoing.→Neitherofusaregoing.Helikesbothofthem.→Hedoesn'tlikeeitherofthem.注意：so/neither+助动词+名词/代词结构中须用倒装语序。MywifelikeclassicmusicverymuchandsodoI.Shedoesn'tlikejazzandneitherdoI.主谓一致专项练习题

1.EitherJaneorSteven_____watchingTVnow.

A.wereB.isC.wasD.are2.Twodays_______enoughformetofinishthework,Ineedathirdday.A.isn’tB.isC.are’t

D.are3.—Howmanylessonsdoyouusuallyhaveraday?

—Sixlessonsaday.Andeachofthen_____45minutes.

A.lastB.lastsC.haveD.are4.NeitherLipingnorI_______abasketballplayer.

A.amB.isC.beD.are5.There______manynewwordsinlessonone,Itisveryeasy.

A.isB.aren’tC.isn’tD.are6.Thenumberofthestudentsinourschool____1200.

A.isB.areC.hasD.have7.Maths_______myfavouritesubject.

A.beB.isC.amD.are8.Theboywiththetwodogs_____whentheearthquakerockedthecity.

A.weresleepingB.issleeping

C.wassleepingD.areasle9.EveryoneexceptTomandJohn_____therewhenthemeetingbegan.

A.areB.isC.wereD.was10.Thatplaceisnotinterestingatall,____ofuswantstogothere.

A.NeitherB.BothC.AllD.Some11.NobodybutJane_____thesecret.

A.knowB.knowsC.haveknowD.is12.—What’sontheplate?someeggsandcakesonit?

—There_____someeggsandcakesonit.

A.isB.areC.wasD.were13.Thispairofglasses______mine.

A.areB.beC.isD.willbe14.BothLilyandLucy______tothepartyyesterday.

A.invitedB.wasinvited

C.hadinvitedD.wereinvirted15.—Twomonths______quitealongtime.

—Yes,I’mafraidthathewillmisslotsofhislessons.

A.isB.areC.wasD.were16.Inthecitytheold_______.

A.takegoodcareofB.aretakengoodcareof

C.istakengoodcareofD.arebeentakengoodcareof17.Hisfamily_____allverykindandfriendly,Hisfamily______ahappyone.

A.are,isB.is,isC.are,areD.is,are18.Thesingerandthedancer_____cometoBeijing.

A.has

B.haveC.areD.is19.Thechildreninthisclasseach_____newschoolbag.

A.haveB.hasC.hasgotD.arehaving20.Allbutone_____herejustnow.

A.isB.wasC.hasbeenD.were

21.IfBob'swifewon'tagreetogoonholidayinwinter,.A.neitherhewillB.neitherwon'theC.neitherwillheD.hewon'tneither22.Ihaven'tfinishedmyhomeworkedyet.A.sohasheB.NeitherhehasC.HehastooD.Hehasn'teither23.“I'mgoingtovisittheLuGouBridgetomorrow.”“.”A.IamsoB.SoamIC.SogoID.SoIgo24.Youaswellashetoblame(责备)fortheaccident（交通事故）.A.areB.isC.haveD.has25.NeithermywifenorImyselfabletoteachmydaughtertosingEnglishsongs.A.hasbeenB.isC.areD.am

主谓一致练习题参考答案(1).B(2).A(3).B(4).A

(5).B

(6).A

(7).B(8).C(9).D(10).A

(11).B

(12).B

(13).C(14).D

(15).A

(16).B

(17).A

(18).B

(19).A

(20)D(21).C(22).D(23).B(24).A

(25).D主谓一致练习题

1.Theold____welllookedafterbythegovernmentinChina.

A.isB.areC.hasbeenD.was

2.Thesecretaryandmanager____verybusynow.

A.isB.areC.wasD.were

3.Boththesecretaryandthemanager_____agreedtoattendthemeeting.

A.hasB.haveC.areD.was

4.Tomaswellastwoofhisclassmates_____invitedtotheparty.

A.wasB.wereC.havebeenD.hadbeen

5.EitheryouorI_____goingtotheteachers‘officeafterclass.

A.amB.isC.areD.will

6.Mostofhissparetime____spentinreading.

A.areB.wereC.wasD.havebeen

7.Thisisoneofthebestnovelsthat____appearedthisyear.

A.havebeenB.hasC.hadbeenD.have

8.Tenthousanddollars_____quitealargesum.

A.areB.isC.wereD.have

9.About20percentofthework____doneyesterday.

A.areB.isC.wereD.was

10.MrSmith，togetherwithhischildren，____arrived.

A.areB.hasC.isD.have

11.It____Iwho_____leavingforLondon.

A.is…isB.am…isC.is…amD.am…am

12.NotonlyTombutalsohiswife____fondofwatchingtelevision.

A.areB.wereC.beD.is

13.Whenandwheretobuildthenewfactory____yet.

A.isnotdecidedB.arenotdecided

C.hasnotdecidedD.havenotdecided

14.Althoughthefirstpartofthebookiseasy，therest______.

A.aredifficult

B.hasproveddifficult

C.issupposeddifficult

D.havebeenfounddifficult

15.Thattheywerewronginthesematters_____nowcleartousall.

A.isB.wasC.areD.were

16.Halfofhisgoods____stolentheotherday.

A.areB.wereC.isD.was

17.Mathematics____thelanguageofscience.

A.areB.aregoingtobeC.isD.istobe

18.Eachofthestudents_____aChinese-Englishdictionary.

A.haveB.hasC.thereisD.thereare

19.Theyeach____abeautifulhandkerchief.

A.haveB.hasC.thereisD.thereare

20.Betweenthetworowsoftrees_____theteachingbuilding.

A.standB.standsC.standingD.are

21.Thispairofshoes____madeinNanjing.

A.isB.areC.havebeenD.hadbeen

22.Nooneexceptmyparents_____anythingaboutit.

A.knowB.knowsC.isknowingD.haveknown

23.Anumberofstudents_____fromthesouth.

A.areB.isC.haveD.has

24.Thenumberofstudentsfromthenorth____small.

A.areB.isC.haveD.has

25.Writingstoriesandarticles_____whatIenjoymost，

A.isB.areC.wasD.were

26.His“SelectedPoems”_____firstpublishedin1965.

A.wereB.wasC.hasbeenD.are

27.MissSmithisafriendof______.

A.Mary‘smother’sB.Mary‘smotherC.Mother’sofMaryD.Marymother‘s

28.Agooddealofmoney____spentonbooks.

A.haveB.has

C.havebeenD.hasbeen

29.Onthewall_____twolargeportraits.

A.hangsB.hangC.hangedD.hanging

30._____turngreeninspring.

A.LeafB.LeafsC.LeaveD.Leaves

31.Fatherwenttohisdoctorfor____abouthishearttrouble.

A.anadviceB.adviceC.advicesD.theadvices

32.Allbutone____herejustnow.

A.isB.wasC.hasbeenD.were

33.Thenumberofpeopleinvited_____fifty，butanumberofthem_____absentfordifferentreasons.

A.were；wasB.was；was

C.was；wereD.were；were

34.Theairinbigcities_____verydirtybyfactories.

A.areoftenmadeB.isoftenmade

C.haveoftenmadeD.hasoftenmade

35.Nobody____tosmokeinthecinema.

A.allowsB.allowC.isallowedD.areallowed

36.TheChinesepeople_____hard-workingandbrave.

A.areB.isC.hasbeenD.arebeing

37.____canbedone_____beendone.

A.All；haveB.Allthat；haveC.All；hasD.Allthat；has

38.Johnhastwobrothers，buteither____outofworknow.

A.areB.isC.hasD.have

39.Thepolice____themurderereverywherewhenhesuddenlyappearedinatheatre.

A.issearchingforB.weresearchingfor

C.aresearchingforD.weresearching

40.Applesofthiskind____.

A.tastesgoodB.tasteswell

C.tastegoodD.tastewell

41.Yourtrousers____dirty，youmusthave_____washed.

A.is；itB.are；itC.are；themD.is；them

42.Where____rubbish，thereareflies.

A.thereareB.thereisC.isD.therehas

43.TheOlympicGames____heldevery____years.

A.is；fourB.are；fourC.is；fiveD.are；five

44.Manyaman_____cometohelpus.

A.haveB.hasC.isD.are

45.Heistheonlyoneofthestudentswho_____elected.

A.areB.haveC.hasD.is

46.Three-fourthsofthehomework_____today.

A.hasfinishedB.hasbeenfinished

C.havefinishedD.havebeenfinished

47.Thosewho____in____compositions，pleasehandtheminthisafternoon.

A.hasn‘thanded；hisB.haven’thanded；their

C.hashanded；theirD.havehanded；his

48.Janeisoneofthebeststudentsinherclasswho_____bytheirteacher.

A.arepraisedB.ispraisedC.praisedD.praising

49.Thewholeclass_____theteacherattentively.

A.arelisteningtoB.islisteningto

C.arelisteningD.islistening

50.TheUnitedStatesofAmerica_____oneofthemostdevelopedcountriesintheworld.

A.isB.areC.wasD.were

KEY：

1-5BABAA6-10CDBDB11-15CDABA

16-20BCBAB21-25ABABA26-30BADBD

31-35BDCBC36-40ADBBC41-45CBBBD

46-50BBAAA主谓一致专项练习一单项选择：1.Eatingvegetables______goodforourhealth.A.isB.areC.wereD.was2.Morethanoneperson_______madethesuggestion.A.wasB.hasC.wereD.have3.Ithink______ofthematerialsIlistenedtoatthebeginningoftheexam______easy.A.twothirds;isB.secondthree;areC.twothirds;areD.twothird;are4.NeitheryounorLinHua_______totheGreatWallbefore.A.hadbeenB.hasgoneC.hasbeenD.havebeen5.Thewriterandteacher______comingnow.A.isB.areC.hasD.have6.Something_____gonewrongwithmyTVset.A.hasB.haveC.isD.are7.Nothingbutgrassandtrees_______thehill.A.coversB.coverC.coveringD.arecovering8.Physics______moreinterestingthanMaths,Ithink.A.areB.isC.wasD.were9.Eachstudentandeachteacher______toseethefilm.A.goB.wishC.areD.wants10.EitherTomorI______toblame.A.tobeB.amC.areD.is11.There______adesk,twobedsandfourchairsintheroom.A.isB.areC.hasD.have12.Lucy,togetherwithhertwobrothers,often_______totheparkonSundays.A.goB.goesC.aregoingD.isgoing13.There______apairofshoesonthefloor.Theshoes______mine.A.are;isB.is;isC.is;areD.are;are14.Noneofthatmoneyonthetable______mine.A.isB.areC.beenD.have15.—Couldyougetmeapiano,Mum?—There______enoughroomforoneinourhome.A.isB.areC.isn’tD.aren’t16.ThefamilyIamstayingwith_______veryfriendly.A.isB.are C.wasD.were17.Ourteam______theWorldCup!A.haswonB.havewonC.arewonD.iswon18.Ourcountry_______greatchangesinthelast30years.A.experienceB.experiencesC.hasexperiencedD.experiencing19.Thepolice_______havingameetingintheirofficeattenyesterday.A.isB.areC.wasD.were20.Thenumberofpeopleinvited_____50,butanumberofthem_____absentfordifferentreasons.A.were;wasB.was;wasC.was;wereD.were;were21.Alibrarywith5000books_____tothenationasagift.A.isofferedB.hasofferedC.areofferedD.haveoffered22.ItoldhimwhatIwassurprised______hisattitudetowardshisstudy.A.isB.wasC.atisD.atwas23.Onthewall______twolargeportraits(肖像).A.hangsB.hangC.hangedD.arehung24.Allthatcanbedone________.A.hasbeendoneB.hasdoneC.havedoneD.weredone25.Thesingerandthedancer______cometothemeeting.A.hasB.haveC.areD.is26.Ihavefinishedalargepartofthebook;therest______moredifficult.A.isB.areC.wasD.were27.Thewounded(伤员)_______bythehospital.A.hastakeninB.hasbeentakeninC.havetakeninD.havebeentakenin28.Thefollowing_______someotherexamples.A.areB.isC.wasD.were29.Thewholeclass_______theteacherattentively(认真地).A.arelisteningB.islisteningtoC.arelisteningtoD.islistening30.“All_______presentandall_______goingonwell,”ourmanagersaid.A.is;isB.are;ar