高中非谓语动词总复习趣味课件

非谓语(wèiyǔ)动词莆田第十二中学(zhōngxué)第一页，共67页。1不定式第二页，共67页。2一不定式的用法(yònɡfǎ)Itisverydangeroustodoit.第三页，共67页。3主语(zhǔyǔ)Toseeistobelieve.常用(chánɡyònɡ)于句型：Itis+adj.+for/ofsb+todosth第四页，共67页。4eg:Itisbraveofyoutodothat.Itiseasyforyoutodothat.表示人物特征的形容词同of后的名词(míngcí)或代词有意义上的主表关系，常与of搭配。Brave,careful,careless,clever,considerate,cruel,foolish,good,honest,kind,nice,right,rude,stupid,silly,thoughtful,wise,wrong表示事物(shìwù)性质的形容词与不定式关系密切，有主表关系，常与for搭配。Easy,hard,heavy,necessary,impossible,possible,important,difficult第五页，共67页。5Istillwanttobeaquietandhandsomeman!第六页，共67页。62.宾语(bīnyǔ)

IfinditinterestingtostudyEnglish.

有些动词(dòngcí)后只跟不定式作宾语，如：manage,promise,pretend,plan,offer,agree,ask,dare,choose,fail,help,want,refuse等第七页，共67页。7HowshouldImakemyteacherbelieve

it?第八页，共67页。83.宾语(bīnyǔ)补足语Heaskedmetodotheworkwithhim.注意(zhùyì)：在feel,hear,listento,lookat,notice,observe,see,watch,have,let,make等词后的补足语中，不定式不带to.但是变成被动结构，必须带to.Iheardhimsingasong.Hewasheardtosingasong.第九页，共67页。9第十页，共67页。104.定语(dìngyǔ)PutinnowhastofindnewwaystodevelopRussianeconomy.注1：作定语的不定式如果是不及物动词，或者不定式所修饰的名词(míngcí)或代词是不定式动作的地点、工具等，不定式后需有介词Pleasegivemeaknifetocutwith.Thereisnothingtoworryabout.Heislookingforaroomtolivein.Heisthefirstonetocomehere.第十一页，共67页。11但是，不定式所修饰(xiūshì)的名词如果是time,place或way,不定式后面的介词习惯上可以省略。Hehadnomoneyandnoplacetolive(in).注2：have表示“有〞，todo主动和被动意思(yìsī)不一样Haveyouanythingtoclaim〔申报(shēnbào)〕?动作执行者youIamgoingtoBeijingnextweek.Haveyouanythingtobetakentoyourson?动作执行者是我第十二页，共67页。12第十三页，共67页。13-----WhydidyouaskforleavelastFridaynight?----Totellyouthetruth,Iwenthometowatch“Runningman〞.5.状语(zhuàngyǔ)Icameheretoseeyou.(目的(mùdì))第十四页，共67页。14Wewereexcitedtohearthenews.(原因(yuányīn))so…asto,such…asto,enoughto…,onlyto…,too…to这画面(huàmiàn)太美我不敢看It’ssobeautifulthatI’mtooscaredtoseeit.(结果〕第十五页，共67页。15注1：某些形容词在too…to结构中表肯定(kěndìng)，它们是anxious,delighted,eager,easy,glad,kind,pleased,ready,surprised,willing等。Shewastoosurprisedtoseehowangryherfatherwas.(看到父亲(fùqīn)那么生气，她很吃惊)注2：在not,never,only,all,but等后的too…to结构(jiégòu)中too意为very，没有否认含义。It’snevertoolatetolearn.I’monlytoogladtostayathome.第十六页，共67页。16Eatingiseasy,losingweightisnot.Itistobecherished.第十七页，共67页。17Myjobistohelpthepatient.totellthetruth,tobefrank,tobeexact,tobeginwith,tomakemattersworse8.不定式与疑问词连用在句中起名词作用，可充当主语(zhǔyǔ)，表语，宾语等。Howtosolvetheproblemisveryimportant.Myquestioniswhentostart.Hedidn’tknowwhattosay.第十八页，共67页。18注意：在与why连用时，只用于why或whynot开头(kāitóu)的简短疑问句中，后面紧跟的不定不带to.Whynothaveachange?第十九页，共67页。19Nozuo,nodie.Whyyoutry?不作(bùzuò)死，就不会死！第二十页，共67页。20二.不定式的时态(shítài)不定式一般形式所表示的动作通常与谓语(wèiyǔ)动作同时或几乎同时发生，或是在它之后发生。Iplantoattendthemeetingtobeheldtomorrow.Isawhimgoout.2.如果谓语表示(biǎoshì)的动作发生时，不定式表示(biǎoshì)的动作正在进行，不定式用进行时。Heisbelievedtobecoming.I’mgladtobeworkingwithyou.第二十一页，共67页。213.不定式动作发生在谓语动词之前(zhīqián)，用完成时。Heisbelievedtohavecome.I’msorrytohavekeptyouwaiting.4.在intended,expected,hoped,promised,wanted,wished,thought等后用不定式完成式表示过去没有实现的愿望，期待(qīdài)或方案。Ihopedtohavefinishedtheworkearlier.第二十二页，共67页。221.Youweresillynot____yourcar.tolock B.tohavelockedC.locking D.havinglocked2.Idon’tknowwhetheryouhappen

,butI’mgoingtostudyintheU.S.A.thisSeptember.A．tobeheard B．tobehearingC．tohear D．tohaveheard3.----IsBobstillperforming? ----I'mafraidnot.Heissaid________thestagealreadyashehasbecomeanofficial.tohaveleft B.toleaveC.tohavebeenleft D.tobeleft第二十三页，共67页。23三.不带to的不定式在feel,hear,listento,make,let,have,see,lookat,watch,notice,observe等动词(dòngcí)后，不定式作宾补时不用to2.在cannotbut,cannotchoosebut,cannothelpbut之后(zhīhòu)

Icannotbutadmiretheircourage.第二十四页，共67页。243.不定式动词在介词(jiècí)but,except,后面时，介词(jiècí)前有行为动词doIdon’thaveanyotherchoicebutto

acceptthefact.Shecoulddonothingbutcry.4.不定式作表语(biǎoyǔ)，说明前面do的内容时Whathewantstodomostnowis(to)beathim.第二十五页，共67页。251.Acomputerdoesonlywhatthinkingpeople_________.

A.haveitdo

B.haveitdone

C.havedoneit

D.havingitdone

2.We’vemissedthelastbus.I’mafraidwehavenochoicebut_____ataxi.

A.totake

B.taking

C.take

D.taken第二十六页，共67页。26V-ing第二十七页，共67页。271.主语(zhǔyǔ)Readingisveryimportantinlearningaforeignlanguage.2.表语(biǎoyǔ)Herfavouritesportisdiving.4.宾语(bīnyǔ)Ienjoyswimming.3.定语drinkingwater第二十八页，共67页。28以下句型(jùxínɡ)中常用动名词作主语:Itis/wasnouse/goodnotanyuse/goodoflittleuse/gooduseless+doingsth.Itisnousesayingmore……….说多了都是泪……….第二十九页，共67页。29admit,avoid,allow,advise,appreciate,consider,enjoy,dislike,deny,practise,permit,finish,delay,escape,involve,risk,mind,

imagine,miss,suggest某些动词(dòngcí)后只能用动名词作宾语第三十页，共67页。30介词(jiècí)宾语I’mtiredofworking.Tellmesomethingabout

fishing.Thetoolisusedforopeningcans.Ilikesunbathingafter

swimming.第三十一页，共67页。31短语(duǎnyǔ)的宾语feellike/can’thelp/can’tstand/putoff/giveup/It’snouse/It’snogood/etc. 第三十二页，共67页。32带to短语(duǎnyǔ)的宾语turnto/beusedto/dueto/refertobesentencedto/seeto/stickto/objectto/leadto/lookforwardto/getdownto/devoteoneselftobeaccustomedto/beaddictedtocondemn…..to……..Itcondemnshimtolivingalone.第三十三页，共67页。33有些动词如love,like,hate,prefer后既可以跟不定式又可以跟ing分词作宾语，意义上无多大区别(qūbié)(但ing分词一般表示经常性的行为；不定式表示具体的行为)。Ilike__________verymuch,butIdon'tlike_________thisafternoon.A.swimming,swimming

B.toswim,toswimC.swimming,toswim

D.toswim,swimmingC第三十四页，共67页。34LittleJimshouldlove__________tothetheatrethiseveningA.tobetaken

B.totake

C.beingtaken

D.taking如果like,love,prefer前有would/should,后面那么应该(yīnggāi)接动词不定式。AA第三十五页，共67页。35思考：以下情况中动词(dòngcí)后接不定式还是接ing分词作宾语呢？OnlythendidIbegin__________________(see)shewasreallygoodtome.Themomenthereturnedhome,Iwasstarting/beginning____________________(cook)supper.Thewaterbegan________________(freeze).toseetocooktofreeze第三十六页，共67页。364.有些动词后既可以跟不定式，又可以跟动名词作宾语，但意义上有明显差异。讨论(tǎolùn)：有哪些单词或短语？goon(stop/forget/remember/regret)todo/doingcan’thelptodo/doingbeusedtodo/doing(getusedtodoing)(usedtodo)meandoing/todo第三十七页，共67页。37Iregrettellinghimthebadnews.〔已做〕

Don‘tforgettopostmyletter.〔未做〕

Irememberreturningyourbook.〔已做〕Whentheteachercamein,theystoppedtalking.Ifelttired,soIstoppedtohavearest.第三十八页，共67页。38一般(yībān)式完成(wánchéng)式主动(zhǔdòng)被动teachinghavingtaughtbeingtaughthavingbeentaught第三十九页，共67页。391.Hewaspraisedforhavinggotfullmarks.2.Heregrettedhavingmarried

her.3.Hedislikedbeingpunishedinpublic.4.Heregrettedhavingbeentakentosuchaplace.〔完成(wánchéng)式〕〔完成(wánchéng)式〕〔被动态(dòngtài)〕〔被动态的完成式〕第四十页，共67页。401.Mary’sbeinglatemadetheteacherangry.2.Isuggesthisgoingthere.3.Isuggesthimgoingthere.动名词的逻辑(luójí)主语动名词的否认(fǒurèn)形式Iregretnotfollowinghisadvice.第四十一页，共67页。411。改错(ɡǎicuò)Theparentsarelookingforwardtohearfromtheirdaughter.Theparentsarelookingforwardtohearingfromtheirdaughter.2.YoucaneasilyimproveyourEnglishbypractiselisteningandspeaking.bypractisinglisteningandspeaking第四十二页，共67页。423.Newwayshavebeenfoundtostoptheriverfrompolluting.stoptheriverfrombeingpolluted4.HeenjoyslisteningtothenewsinthemorningandtowatchTVintheevening.HeenjoyslisteningtothenewsinthemorningandwatchingTVintheevening.第四十三页，共67页。435.Ididn’tmindtreatinglikethat.

Ididn’tmindbeingtreatedlikethat.6.Tomwasscoldedforhavingnotfinishedhishomework.Tomwasscoldedfornothavingfinishedhishomework.第四十四页，共67页。44分词(fēncí)第四十五页，共67页。451.分词的句法(jùfǎ)作用Thepictureisinteresting.Haveyoureadthebookwrittenbythefamousactor.Beingill,hehasn’tcome.Theyarewatchingtheboysplayingfootball.第四十六页，共67页。462.现在分词和过去分词作表语区别现在分词：“令人(lìnɡrén)……〞；过去分词：“感到……〞Theresultwas_______.Afterhearingthenews,wefeltvery_______.(disappoint)His________looksuggestedthatthemovieisvery__________.(interest)~ing~ing~ed~ed第四十七页，共67页。473.作定语的区别现在分词：表示(biǎoshì)主动、进行中的动作过去分词：表示(biǎoshì)被动、完成的动作fallingleaves/fallenleavesboilingwater/boiledwaterdeveloping/developedcountryspeaking/spokenEnglish第四十八页，共67页。48分词作定语时，常置于所修饰(xiūshì)的词之后，相当于一个定语从句1.Australiaistheonlycountrycoveringanentirecontinent.2.ThemanwritingthisEnglishletterismyteacher.3.TheletterwritteninEnglishisfrommyteacher.4.Suddenlythereappearedayoungwomandressedinwhite.第四十九页，共67页。49分词作状语的主要(zhǔyào)用法(1)表示时间代替when,while,afterbefore,等引导的时间状语(zhuàngyǔ)从句:Arrivingatthestation(=WhenIarrived…),Ifoundthetraingone.Hearingthenews(=Whenheheard…),hecouldn’thelpjumpingup.Walkingalongthestreet(=WhileIwaswalking…),ImetoldMike.第五十页，共67页。50(当强调时间时，可在分词(fēncí)前加when，while等连词，如：)Becarefulwhen(youare)transportingthevases.When(hewas)askedtostoptalking,hebecameangry.第五十一页，共67页。51〔2〕表示(biǎoshì)原因——代替as，since等引导的原因状语从句，

Beingtired(=Ashewastired),hewenttobedearly.Sothequestionis……Therebeingsomanyschoolstochoosefrom,whichisthestrongestinExcavatorTechnology?Astherearesomanyschoolstochoosefrom,第五十二页，共67页。52(3)表示条件——代替if,unless等引导(yǐndǎo)的条件状语从句Turningtotheright(=ifyouturnto…),you’llfindthetheatre.Wewon’tgothereunless(weare)invited.Thesetreeswillgrowbetterif(theyare)welllookedafter.第五十三页，共67页。53(4)表示让步——代替though,although,evenif引导(yǐndǎo)的让步状语从句：Althoughhavingspent(Althoughhehasspent)muchtimeonhisstudy,hedoesn’tseehissuccess.Althoughtired,theycontinuedtowork.第五十四页，共67页。54(5)表示方式或伴随(bànsuí)状况，

Theywalkedintotheclassroom,talkingandlaughing.Theteacherstoodtheresurroundedbythestudents.TheMonkeyKingiscoming,ridingamotorbike.第五十五页，共67页。55分词作状语时的逻辑主语问题分词作状语时，其逻辑主语必须同句子的主语一致；如果不一致，需在分词前加一个逻辑主语，分词和它的逻辑主语合称独立主格结构(jiégòu)或用状语从句。

1)Beinganorphan,thenursetreatedhimkindly.2)Hisbeinganorphan,thenursetreatedhimkindly.3)Ashewasanorphan,thenursetreatedhimkindly.

FTT(Trueorfalse)第五十六页，共67页。561.Havingbeenattackedbyterrorists,________.A.doctorscametotheirrescueB.thetallbuildingcollapsedC.anemergencymeasurewastakenD.warningsweregiventotourist