专四模拟试题阅读

专四模拟试题（阅读篇1）专四模拟试题（阅读篇1）GlacierNationalParkinMontanasharesboundarieswithCanada,anAmericanIndianreservation,andanationalforest.AlongtheNorthForkoftheFlatheadRiver,theparkalsobordersabout17,000acresofprivatelandsthatarecurrentlyusedforranching,timber,andagriculture.Thislandisanimportantpartofthehabitatandmigratoryroutesforseveralendangeredspeciesthatfrequentthepark.Theseprivatelandsareessentiallytheonlyonesavailablefordevelopmentintheregion.Withencouragementfromthepark,locallandownersinitiatedalanduseplanningefforttoguidethefutureoftheNorthFork.Theparkisapartnerinaninterlocalagreementthatcallsforresourcemanagingagenciestoworktogetherandwiththemorethan400privateownersinthearea.Adraftplanhasbeenprepared,withobjectiveofmaintainingtraditionaleconomicusesbutlimitingnewdevelopmentthatwoulddamageparkresources.Voluntaryactionbylandowners,incooperationwiththeparkandthecounty,ishelpingtorestrictsmalllotsubdivisions,maintainwildlifecorridors,andminimizeanyharmfulimpactontheenvironment.Thewillingnessoflocallandownerstoparticipateinthisprotectioneffortmayhavebeenstimulatedbyconcernsthatcongresswouldimposealegislativesolution.Nevertheless,manylocalresidentswanttoretaintheexistingcharacterofthearea.Meetingsbetweenparkofficialsandlandownershaveledtoadramatically-可编辑修改-improvedunderstandingofallconcerns.Thepassagemainlydiscusses.theendangeredspeciesinGlacierNationalParktheprotectionoflandssurroundingGlacierNationalParkconservationlawsimposedbythestateofMontanaconservationlawsimposedbyCongressWhyaretheprivatelandssurroundingGlacierNationalParksoimportant?Theyfunctionasahuntingpreserve.Theyarerestrictedtogovernmentuse.Theyareheavilypopulated.Theycontainnaturalhabitatsofthreatenedspecies.Therelationshipbetweenparkofficialsandneighboringlandownersmaybestbedescribedas.A.indifferentB.intimateC.cooperativeD.disappointingItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatamajorinterestoftheofficialsofGlacierNationalParkisto.limitlanddevelopmentaroundtheparkestablishanewparkinMontanainfluencenationallegislationsettleborderdisputeswithCanada答案解析：B）这是一道主旨题。通过阅读文章可知，为了保护冰川国家公园的濒危物种和资源，公-可编辑修改-园当局和地方土地所有者制订了限制土地使用计划，故答案为B。D）这是一道细节题。根据第一段第三句"Thislandisanimportantpartofthehabitatandmigratoryroutesforseveralendangeredspeciesthatfrequentthepar匕（这片土地是非常重要的，因为这里是几种经常光顾此公园的濒危物种的栖息地和迁徙路线。）可知选项D为正确答案。C）根据第二段可知，公园当局和地方土地所有者密切合作来保护资源，因此他们的关系是"cooperative"合作性的）。A）这是一道推理题。根据第二段第三句和阅读全文，我们很容易就可以得到这样一个信息、：为了保护自然资源和濒危物种，公园管理者限制那些会破坏资源的土地开发。因此选项A为正确答案。专四模拟试题（阅读篇2）Humanbeingshaveusedtoolsforaverylongtime.Insomepartsoftheworldyoucanstillfindtoolsthatpeopleusedmorethantwomillionyearsago.Theymadethesetoolsbyhittingonestoneagainstanother.Inthisway,theybrokeoffpiecesfromoneofthestones.Thesechipsofstonewereusuallysharpononeside.Peopleusedthemforcuttingmeatandskinfromdeadanimals,andalsoformakingothertoolsoutofwood.Humanbeingsneededtousetoolsbecausetheydidnothavesharpteethlikeothermeateatinganimals,suchaslionsandtigers.Toolshelpedpeopletogetfoodmoreeasily.Workingwithtoolsalsohelpedtodevelophumanintelligence.Thehumanbraingrewbigger,andhumanbeingsbegantoinventmoreandmoretoolsandmachines.Thestonechipwasoneofthefirsttoolsthatpeopleused,andperhapsit-可编辑修改-isthemostimportant.Somescientistssaythatitwasthekeytosuccessofmankind.Thestonechipisthoughttobethemostimportanttoolbecauseit.wasoneofthefirsttoolsdevelopedhumancapabilitiesledtotheinventionofmachineswascrucialtothedevelopmentofmankindAttheendofthepassagetheauthorseemstosuggestthatlifeinfutureis.A.disastrousB.unpredictableC.excitingD.colorful.D）这是一道细节题。根据文章第二段尾句“Somescientistssaythatitwasthekeytothesuccessofmankind'可知"stonechip”对于人类的发展起到了非常重要的作用，这与D正好相符。B）在文章最后一段中作者说人类在过去的几百万年时间里一直使用"stonechip”，人类社会发生的变化很小。而我们使用"siliconchips”才不过几年，生活却发生了巨大的变化。于是作者发出了疑问："二十年后的生活会是什么样子的呢？”，“二百万年后的世界又会是什么样子呢？”，表明将来的生活无法预料，这与选项B相符专四模拟试题（阅读篇3）AsmanyasonethousandyearsagointheSouthwest,theHopiandZuniIndiansofNorthAmericawerebuildingwithadobe-sunbakedbrickplasteredwithmud.Theirhomeslookedremarkablylikemodernapartmenthouses.Somewerefour-可编辑修改-storieshighandcontainedquartersforperhapsathousandpeople,alongwithstoreroomsforgrainandothergoods.Thesebuildingswereusuallyputupagainstcliffs,bothtomakeconstructioneasierandfordefenseagainstenemies.Theywerereallyvillagesinthemselves,aslaterSpanishexplorersmusthaverealizedsincetheycalledthem"pueblos",whichisSpanishfortown.Thepeopleofthepueblosraisedwhatarecalled"thethreesisters"-corn,beans,andsquash.Theymadeexcellentpotteryandwovemarvelousbaskets,somesofinethattheycouldholdwater.TheSouthwesthasalwaysbeenadrycountry,wherewaterisscarce.TheHopiandZunibroughtwaterfromstreamstotheirfieldsandgardensthroughirrigationditches.Waterwassoimportantthatitplayedamajorroleintheirreligion.Theydevelopedelaborateceremoniesandreligiousritualstobringrain.Thewayoflifeoflesssettledgroupswassimplerandmorestronglyinfluencedbynature.SmalltribessuchastheShoshoneandUtewanderedthedryandmountainouslandsbetweentheRockyMountainsandthePacificOcean.Theygatheredseedsandhuntedsmallanimalssuchassmallrabbitsandsnakes.IntheFarNorththeancestorsoftoday,sInuithuntedseals,walruses,andthegreatwhales.Theylivedrightonthefrozenseasinshelterscalledigloosbuiltofblocksofpackedsnow.Whensummercame,theyfishedforsalmonandhuntedthelordlycaribou.TheCheyenne,Pawnee,andSiouxtribes,knownasthePlainsIndians,livedonthegrasslandsbetweentheRockyMountainsandtheMississippiRiver.Theyhunted-可编辑修改-bison,commonlycalledthebuffalo.Itsmeatwasthechieffoodofthesetribes,anditshidewasusedtomaketheirclothingandcoveringoftheirtentsandtipis.Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?ThearchitectureofearlyAmericanIndianbuildings.ThemovementofAmericanIndiansacrossNorthAmerica.CeremoniesandritualsofAmericanIndians.ThewayoflifeofAmericanIndiantribesinearlyNorthAmerica.ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatthedwellingsoftheHopiandZuniwere.A.verysmallB.highlyadvancedC.difficulttodefendD.quicklyconstructed答案D）根据阅读短文可知，作者主要描述了北美地区不同印第安部落的不同的生活方式。故选项D为正确答案。B）此题为推断题。根据文章第一段可知，早在一千年前Hopi和Zuni两支北美印第安部落就用一种砖坯"adobe"来建造房屋，高可达四层楼高，有居住室还有储藏室，颇像现代的公寓，故选项B（高度发达）为正确答案。专四模拟试题（阅读篇4）GlacierNationalParkinMontanasharesboundarieswithCanada,anAmericanIndianreservation,andanationalforest.AlongtheNorthForkoftheFlatheadRiver,theparkalsobordersabout17,000acresofprivatelandsthatarecurrentlyusedfor-可编辑修改-ranching,timber,andagriculture.Thislandisanimportantpartofthehabitatandmigratoryroutesforseveralendangeredspeciesthatfrequentthepark.Theseprivatelandsareessentiallytheonlyonesavailablefordevelopmentintheregion.Withencouragementfromthepark,locallandownersinitiatedalanduseplanningefforttoguidethefutureoftheNorthFork.Theparkisapartnerinaninterlocalagreementthatcallsforresourcemanagingagenciestoworktogetherandwiththemorethan400privateownersinthearea.Adraftplanhasbeenprepared,withobjectiveofmaintainingtraditionaleconomicusesbutlimitingnewdevelopmentthatwoulddamageparkresources.Voluntaryactionbylandowners,incooperationwiththeparkandthecounty,ishelpingtorestrictsmalllotsubdivisions,maintainwildlifecorridors,andminimizeanyharmfulimpactontheenvironment.Thewillingnessoflocallandownerstoparticipateinthisprotectioneffortmayhavebeenstimulatedbyconcernsthatcongresswouldimposealegislativesolution.Nevertheless,manylocalresidentswanttoretaintheexistingcharacterofthearea.Meetingsbetweenparkofficialsandlandownershaveledtoadramaticallyimprovedunderstandingofallconcerns.Thepassagemainlydiscusses.theendangeredspeciesinGlacierNationalParktheprotectionoflandssurroundingGlacierNationalParkconservationlawsimposedbythestateofMontanaconservationlawsimposedbyCongressWhyaretheprivatelandssurroundingGlacierNationalParksoimportant?-可编辑修改-Theyfunctionasahuntingpreserve.Theyarerestrictedtogovernmentuse.Theyareheavilypopulated.Theycontainnaturalhabitatsofthreatenedspecies.Therelationshipbetweenparkofficialsandneighboringlandownersmaybestbedescribedas.A.indifferentB.intimateC.cooperativeD.disappointingItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatamajorinterestoftheofficialsofGlacierNationalParkisto.limitlanddevelopmentaroundtheparkestablishanewparkinMontanainfluencenationallegislationsettleborderdisputeswithCanadaB）这是一道主旨题。通过阅读文章可知，为了保护冰川国家公园的濒危物种和资源，公园当局和地方土地所有者制订了限制土地使用计划，故答案为B。D）这是一道细节题。根据第一段第三句"Thislandisanimportantpartofthehabitatandmigratoryroutesforseveralendangeredspeciesthatfrequentthepar匕（这片土地是非常重要的，因为这里是几种经常光顾此公园的濒危物种的栖息地和迁徙路线。）可知选项D为正确答案。C）根据第二段可知，公园当局和地方土地所有者密切合作来保护资源，因此他们的关系是"cooperative"合作性的）。A）这是一道推理题。根据第二段第三句和阅读全文，我们很容易就可以得到这样一个信-可编辑修改-息、：为了保护自然资源和濒危物种，公园管理者限制那些会破坏资源的土地开发。因此选项A为正确答案。专四模拟试题（阅读篇5）About5,000yearsago,theEgyptiansandotherpeopleintheNearEastbegantousepicturesaskindofwriting.Theydrewsimplepicturesorsignstorepresentthingsandideas,andalsotorepresentthesoundsoftheirlanguage.Thesignsthesepeopleusedbecameakindofalphabet.TheEgyptiansusedtorecordinformationandtotellstoriesbyputtingpicturewritingandpicturestogether.Whenanimportantpersondied,scenesandstoriesfromhislifewerepaintedandcarvedonthewallsoftheplacewherehewasburied.Someofthesepicturesarelikemoderncomicstripstories.IthasbeensaidthatEgyptisthehomeofthecomicstrip.But,fortheEgyptians,picturesstillhadmagicpower.Sotheydidnottrytomaketheirwayofwritingsimple.Theordinarypeoplecouldnotunderstandit.Bytheyear1,000BC,peoplewholivedintheareaaroundtheMediterraneanSeahaddevelopedasimplersystemofwriting.Thesignstheyusedwereveryeasytowrite,andtherewerefewerofthemthanintheEgyptiansystem.Thiswasbecauseeachsign,orletter,representedonlyonesoundintheirlanguage.TheGreeksdevelopedthissystemandformedthelettersoftheGreekalphabet.TheRomanscopiedtheidea,andtheRomanalphabetisnowusedallovertheworld.Thesedays,wecanwritedownastory,orrecordinformation,withoutusingpictures.Butwestillneedpicturesofallkinds:drawing,photographs,signsand-可编辑修改-diagrams.Wefindthemeverywhere:inbooksandnewspapers,inthestreet,andonthewallsoftheplaceswhereweliveandwork.Pictureshelpustounderstandandrememberthingsmoreeasily,andtheycanmakeastorymuchmoreinteresting.PicturesofanimalswerepaintedonthewallsofcavesinFranceandSpainbecause.thehunterswantedtoseethepicturesthepainterswereanimalloversthepainterswantedtoshowimaginationthepictureswerethoughttobehelpfulTheGreekalphabetwassimplerthantheEgyptiansystemforallthefollowingreasonsEXCEPTthat.theformerwaseasytowritetherewerefewersignsintheformertheformerwaseasytopronounceeachsignstoodforonlyonesoundWhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?TheEgyptiansignslaterbecameaparticularalphabet.TheEgyptianslikedtowritecomicstripstories.TheRomanalphabetwasdevelopedfromtheEgyptianone.TheGreekscopiedtheirwritingsystemfromtheEgyptians.Inthelastparagraph,theauthorthinksthatpictures.-可编辑修改-shouldbemadecomprehensibleshouldbemadeinterestingareofmuchuseinourlifehavedisappearedfromourlifeD）根据文章第一段第五行“Perhapsthepaintersthoughtthattheirpictureswouldhelpthemtocatchtheseanimals.”可知古代人以为在墙上画画会对他们有所帮助，故选项D为正确答案。C）在做此类题时要注意题干的要求。通过阅读文章第四段很清楚就知道选项C“前者容易发音"在文中没有提及，故为正确答案。A）可用排除法来做本题。通过阅读文章很清楚选项B和D为错误陈述。选项C“罗马字母是从埃及字母发展而来的”根据文章第四段第四，五句可知为错误论述，因此只有选项A为正确答案。C）文章最后一段讲述了图画在今天的用途，故选项C为正确答案专四模拟试题（阅读篇6）TherearemanytheoriesaboutthebeginningofdramainancientGreece.Theonemostwidelyacceptedtodayisbasedontheassumptionthatdramaevolvedfromritual.Theargumentforthisviewgoesasfollows.Inthebeginning,humanbeingsviewedthenaturalforcesoftheworld,eventheseasonalchanges,asunpredictable,andtheysoughtthroughvariousmeans,tocontroltheseunknownandfearedpowers.Thosemeasureswhichappearedtobringthedesiredresultswerethenretainedandrepeateduntiltheyhardenedintofixedrituals.Eventuallystoriesarose-可编辑修改-whichexplainedorveiledthemysteriesoftherites.Astimepassedsomeritualswereabandoned,butthestories,latercalledmyths,persistedandprovidedmaterialforartanddrama.Thosewhobelievedthatdramaevolvedoutofritualalsoarguethatthoseritescontainedtheseedoftheaterbecausemusic,dance,masks,andcostumeswerealmostalwaysused.Furthermore,asuitablesitehadtobeprovidedforperformances,andwhentheentirecommunitydidnotparticipate,acleardivisionwasusuallymadebetweenthe"actingarea"andthe"auditorium".Inaddition,therewereperformers,and,sinceconsiderableimportancewasattachedtoavoidingmistakesintheenactmentofrites,religiousleadersusuallyassumedthattask.Wearingmasksandcostumes,theyoftenimpersonatedotherpeople,animals,orsupernaturalbeings,andmimedthedesiredeffect-successinhuntorbattle,thecomingrain,therevivaloftheSun-asanactormight.Eventuallysuchdramaticrepresentationswereseparatedfromreligiousactivities.Anothertheorytracesthetheater’soriginfromthehumaninterestinstorytelling.Accordingtothisview,tales(aboutthehunt,war,orotherfeats)aregraduallyelaborated,atfirstthroughtheuseofimpersonation,action,anddialoguebyanarratorandthenthroughtheassumptionofeachoftherolesbyadifferentperson.Acloselyrelatedtheorytracestheatertothosedancesthatareprimarilyrhythmicalandgymnasticorthatareimitationsofanimalmovementsandsounds.Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?A.Theoriginsoftheater.B.Theroleofritualinmoderndance.-可编辑修改-C.Theimportanceofstorytelling.D.Thevarietyofearlyreligiousactivities.Whataspectofdramadoestheauthordiscussinthefirstparagraph?Thereasondramaisoftenunpredictable.Theseasonsinwhichdramaswereperformed.Theconnectionbetweenmythsanddramaticplots.Theimportanceofcostumesinearlydrama.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasacommonelementoftheaterandritual?A.Dance.B.Costumes.C.Music.D.Magic.Accordingtothepassage,whatisthemaindifferencebetweenritualanddrama?Ritualusesmusicwhereasdramadoesnot.Ritualisshorterthandrama.Ritualrequiresfewerperformersthandrama.Ritualhasareligiouspurposeanddramadoesnot.Thepassagesupportswhichofthefollowingstatements?Noonereallyknowshowthetheaterbegan.Mythsarenolongerrepresenteddramatically.Storytellingisanimportantpartofdance.Dramaticactivitiesrequiretheuseofcostumes.A）这是一道主旨题。根据文章第一句"TherearemanytheoriesaboutthebeginningofdramainancientGreece”及第三段第一句"Anothertheorytracesthetheatersoriginfromthehumaninterestinstorytelling”可知本文是讨论戏剧的起源的。故选项-可编辑修改-A为正确答案。C）这也是一道主旨题。本题可用排除法来做。通过阅读第一段，首先很明显可将选项B和D排除；选项A（戏剧无法预测的原因）也不正确，故只有选项C（神话与戏剧情节的联系）为正确答案。D）这是一道细节题。在做本题时要注意题干中的NOT。通过阅读文章很明显选项DMagic为正确答案。D）根据文章第二段可知尽管有人说戏剧起源于宗教仪式，但是它们还是有区别的，例如：戏剧演出"performances"要有合适的演出地点；戏剧表演时“表演区"（"actingarea”）和“观看区"（"auditorium"）有明显的分界线，另外表演戏剧还要有演员。而宗教仪式在进行过程中为了避免犯错误都是由宗教领袖来进行，由他们戴上面具，穿上服装来模仿其他人，动物或超自然的东西，做出一些动作以求达到一些目的，例如在打猎或战斗中取得胜利，祈雨等。由此可判断宗教仪式都有一定的宗教目的，而戏剧却没有，这正符合选项D。A）通过阅读文章可知，选项A为正确答案。专四模拟试题（阅读篇7）Certainlynocreatureintheseaisodderthanthecommonseacucumber.Alllivingcreature,especiallyhumanbeings,havetheirpeculiarities,buteverythingaboutthelittleseacucumberseemsunusual.Whatelsecanbesaidaboutabizarreanimalthat,amongothereccentricities,eatsmud,feedsalmostcontinuouslydayandnightbutcanlivewithouteatingforlongperiods,andcanbepoisonousbutisconsideredsupremelyediblebygourmets?Forsomefiftymillionyears,despiteallitseccentricities,theseacucumberhassubsistedonitsdietofmud.Itisadaptableenoughtoliveattachedtorocksbyits-可编辑修改-tubefeet,underrocksinshallowwater,oronthesurfaceofmudflats.CommonincoolwateronbothAtlanticandPacificshores,ithastheabilitytosuckupmudorsandanddigestwhatevernutrientsarepresent.Seacucumberscomeinavarietyofcolors,rangingfromblacktoreddishbrowntosandcolorandnearlywhite.Oneformevenhasvividpurpletentacles.Usuallythecreaturesarecucumbershaped-hencetheirname-andbecausetheyaretypicallyrockinhabitants，thisshape，combinedwithflexibility,enablesthemtosqueezeintocreviceswheretheyaresafefrompredatorsandoceancurrents.Althoughtheyhavevoraciousappetites，eatingdayandnight，seacucumbershavethecapacitytobecomequiescentandliveatalowmetabolicrate-feedingsparinglyornotatallforlongperiods,sothatthemarineorganismsthatprovidetheirfoodhaveachancetomultiply.Ifitwerenotforthisfaculty,theywoulddevourallthefoodavailableinashorttimeandwouldprobablystarvethemselvesoutofexistence.Butthemostspectacularthingabouttheseacucumberisthewayitdefendsitself.Itsmajorenemiesarefishandcrabs,whenattacked,itsquirtsallitsinternalorgansintowater.Italsocastsoffattachedstructuressuchastentacles.Theseacucumberwilleviscerateandregenerateitselfifitisattackedoreventouched；itwilldothesameifthesurroundingwatertemperatureistoohighorifthewaterbecomestoopolluted.Accordingtothepassage,whyistheshapeofseacucumbersimportant？Ithelpsthemtodigesttheirfood.-可编辑修改-Ithelpsthemtoprotectthemselvesfromdanger.Itmakesiteasierforthemtomovethroughthemud.Itmakesthemattractivetofish.Thefourthparagraphofthepassageprimarilydiscusses.thereproductionofseacucumbersthefoodsourcesofseacucumberstheeatinghabitsofseacucumbersthreatstoseacucumbers'existenceWhatcanbeinferredaboutthedefencemechanismsoftheseacucumber？Theyareverysensitivetosurroundingstimuli.Theyarealmostuseless.Theyrequiregroupcooperation.Theyaresimilartothoseofmostseacreatures.WhichofthefollowingwouldNOTcauseaseacucumbertoreleaseitsinternalorgansintothewater？A.AtouchB.FoodC.UnusuallywarmwaterD.Pollution.B）通过阅读文章可以排除选项A、C、D，因为文中没有提及，故选项B为正确答案。C）此题为段落主旨题。通过阅读第四段可知作者都是讲述海参的进食习惯，故选项C为正确答案。A）此题为推论题。根据最后一段可知海参在受到外界刺激时，会做出一定的反应，这也反映出它的防御机制非常敏感，故A为正确答案。-可编辑修改-B）此题为细节题。根据最后一段可知惟有food不会使海参将体内器官吐出来，故其为正确答案。专四模拟试题（阅读篇8）Municipalsewageisofrelativelyrecentoriginasapollutant.Itwasfirstbroughttopublicattentioninthe19thcenturybyaLondonphysicianwhoshowedthatthecity'scholeraoutbreakhadbeencausedbyjustonecontaminatedwell.Eventhoughthecontaminationofdrinkingwaterbydiseasegermshasbeennearlyeliminatedinthiscountry,hundredsofcommunitiesarestilldischargingrawsewageintostreamsandrivers.Whenweconsiderthatthissewagecontainseffluentsfromtoilets,hospitals,laundries,industrialplants,etc.,thenthepotentialofthepollutantsasahealthhazardisapparent.Theproblemofmunicipalsewagedisposaliscomplicatedbythefactthat,yearsago,mostcitiescombinedtheirstormandwastedisposalsewers.Manyofthesecombinedsystemsworkwell,butotherscannotcopewithsuddenheavyrains.Whensuchstormsoccur,watermixedwithsewagemayfloodanddisabletreatmentplantsunlessbypassed,untreated,intoastream.Ineithercase,thepeoplemayhavelittleprotectionforseveraldaysfromthesewastesthatmaycontaindiseasegerms.Evenifadequatelytreatedtoeliminatethehealthhazard,sewageisaestheticallyundesirablebecauseofodorsandcolorsproduced.Detergentshaveposedaparticulardisposalproblem.Althoughthereisnoindicationthattheyareinjurioustohealth,theycancausefoaming,whichcanclogtreatmentplantsand,attheleast,spoilthescenicbeautyofstreams.Ruraland-可编辑修改-suburbanresidentsshouldbeawarethatseptictanksandcesspoolsareapotentialsourceofpollutiontogroundwatersupplies.Thisisespeciallytrueinthesuburbanareaswithahighpopulationdensityandwithnomunicipalsewagedisposalandtreatmentsystemavailable.Insomeareas,sewagedisposalisaccomplishedbycesspools.Soilresearchisfurnishingguidelinesformoreeffectiveandsaferuseofsystemssuchasthese.ThispassageisconcernedprimarilywithblemsofwastedisposaldangersofdrinkingfromwellsturbidityofpollutedwateroutbreakofcholeraTheauthormentionstheLondoncholeraepidemicvethatthecityrefusedtodealwithpollutionprovethatmedicalscienceonceknewlittleaboutpollutionintroducetheideaofcontaminatedwatersuppliesrecallahistoricalfactIndenselypopulatedsuburbanareas,adangerexitsfrom.streamsthatdonotflowdirectlytoopenbodiesofwatercesspoolsandseptictanksthatcontaminatewatersuppliesstormandwastedisposalsewersthathavebeencombinedtheundesirableodorsofsewageIndevelopingthemainpoint,theauthormakesuseof.-可编辑修改-scientificargumentsconvincingtestimonycommonsenseobservationsanalogy.A。此题为主旨题。线索词为"sewage"、"pollutant"、"sewagedisposal'等，这些词贯穿文章始终，可见A项符合题意。B、C、D三项皆为文中细节，不能反映主题。.C。此题为细节题。答案在第一段。线索词为'Londoncholera"。此题考查作者引用的目的。A项与文中所述事实相反。B项文中未涉及此话题。D项"Londoncholera"是一个"historicalfact",却不是作者引用之目的。.B。此题为细节题。答案在最后一段的主题句中。线索词为"suburban","sourceofpollution"和"groundwater"。.C。此题为篇章结构题。作者首先提出排污系统为污染源，然后通过观察、分析、归纳来阐述观点，而没用A项"科学论证"、B项"令人信服的证据"或D项"类比"。专四模拟试题（阅读篇9）Certainlynocreatureintheseaisodderthanthecommonseacucumber.Alllivingcreature,especiallyhumanbeings,havetheirpeculiarities,buteverythingaboutthelittleseacucumberseemsunusual.Whatelsecanbesaidaboutabizarreanimalthat,amongothereccentricities,eatsmud,feedsalmostcontinuouslydayandnightbutcanlivewithouteatingforlongperiods,andcanbepoisonousbutisconsideredsupremelyediblebygourmets?Forsomefiftymillionyears,despiteallitseccentricities,theseacucumberhassubsistedonitsdietofmud.Itisadaptableenoughtoliveattachedtorocksbyitstubefeet,underrocksinshallowwater,oron-可编辑修改-thesurfaceofmudflats.CommonincoolwateronbothAtlanticandPacificshores,ithastheabilitytosuckupmudorsandanddigestwhatevernutrientsarepresent.Seacucumberscomeinavarietyofcolors,rangingfromblacktoreddishbrowntosandcolorandnearlywhite.Oneformevenhasvividpurpletentacles.Usuallythecreaturesarecucumbershaped—hencetheirname—andbecausetheyaretypicallyrockinhabitants,thisshape,combinedwithflexibility,enablesthemtosqueezeintocreviceswheretheyaresafefrompredatorsandoceancurrents.Althoughtheyhavevoraciousappetites,eatingdayandnight,seacucumbershavethecapacitytobecomequiescentandliveatalowmetabolicrate—feedingsparinglyornotatallforlongperiods,sothatthemarineorganismsthatprovidetheirfoodhaveachancetomultiply.Ifitwerenotforthisfaculty,theywoulddevourallthefoodavailableinashorttimeandwouldprobablystarvethemselvesoutofexistence.Butthemostspectacularthingabouttheseacucumberisthewayitdefendsitself.Itsmajorenemiesarefishandcrabs,whenattacked,itsquirtsallitsinternalorgansintowater.Italsocastsoffattachedstructuressuchastentacles.Theseacucumberwilleviscerateandregenerateitselfifitisattackedoreventouched;itwilldothesameifthesurroundingwatertemperatureistoohighorifthewaterbecomestoopolluted.Accordingtothepassage,whyistheshapeofseacucumbersimportant?Ithelpsthemtodigesttheirfood.Ithelpsthemtoprotectthemselvesfromdanger.-可编辑修改-Itmakesiteasierforthemtomovethroughthemud.Itmakesthemattractivetofish.Thefourthparagraphofthepassageprimarilydiscusses.thereproductionofseacucumbersthefoodsourcesofseacucumberstheeatinghabitsofseacucumbersthreatstoseacucumbersB）通过阅读文章可以排除选项A、B）通过阅读文章可以排除选项A、C、D，因为文中没有提及，故选项B为正确答案。C）此题为段落主旨题。通过阅读第四段可知作者都是讲述海参的进食习惯，故选项C为正确答案。-可编辑修改-Whatcanbeinferredaboutthedefencemechanismsoftheseacucumber?Theyareverysensitivetosurroundingstimuli.Theyarealmostuseless.Theyrequiregroupcooperation.Theyaresimilartothoseofmostseacreatur