2020高考语法填空解题技巧

2020语法填空解题技巧一给出提示词（1）一动词一、谓语动词：给出的提示词是动词：若句中找不到谓语动词，则所给动词是谓语动词。考法1:考查动词的时态一谓语动词.（2019全国I卷・65）InrecentyearssomeInuitpeopleinNunayut（report）increasesinbearsightingsaroundhumansettlements,leadingtoabeliefthatpopulationsareincreasing..（2019全国II^-66）Irenesaid,"Idon'tseeanyreasontogiveupwork.IlovecominghereandseeingmyfamilyandallthefriendsI66（make）overtheyears..（2018全国^卷•61）Since2011,thecountry（grow）morecornthanrice..（2018全国^卷•68）TheChineseMinistryofAgriculturefindsthatbetween2005—whenthegovernment（start）asoil-testingprogramthatgivesspecificfertilizerrecommendationstofarmers-and2011,fertilizerusedroppedby7.7milliontons..（2017全国^卷%8）Later,engineers（manage）toconstructrailwaysinasystemofdeeptunnels（隧道）,whichbecameknownastheTube.技巧1：在高考语法填空中，有时会给出时间标志的时间状语，根据所给的标志词或时间状语得出答案。时态时间状语标志性词1.一般现在时usually（通常）,0ften（经常），always（总是），sometimes（有时）,everyday（每天）,everyweek（每周），everyyear（每年）,onceaweek（周次）,twiceamonth（每月两次）,onSundays（每星期天）,nowandthen（有时）2.一般过去时yesterday（昨天）,lastweek（上周）,lastyear（去年）,lastmonth（上个月）,anhourage（一小时之前）,threedaysago（三天前）,justnow（刚才）,theotherday（几天前）,in+过去年份，时间段+ago,时间段+later等。3.现在进行时now（现在）,rightnow（此时，此刻）,atpresent（目前）,atthismoment/time（现在），100k（你瞧）,listen（你听）,thesedays（现在，目前）,allthetime（一直）4.过去进行时atthistimeyesterday（昨天这时）,atthattime/moment（那时）5.现在完成时since+时间点，recently（最近，近来）,for+一段时间，sofar（到目前为止）,uptonow（到目前为止，至今）,lately（最近）,inrecentyears（在最近的几年）,inthepast/lastfewyears（过去的几年里）,duringthelast/pasttwoweeks,sincethen（从那以后）,over+时间段，already（E经）,yet（还，仍，至今未）,never（决不，从来）,ever（任何时候）,just（刚刚）,untilnow,eversince6.过去完成时by/before/bytheendof/bythetime+过去时间点,bythen,untilthen7.一般将来时tomorrow（明天）,nextweek/year（下周/明年）,thedayaftertomorrow（B天）,inafewdays（几天后）,inthefuture（将来）,inthefollowingfewweeks（接下来几周）8.过去将来时thenextday,thenextweek,thefollowingmonth下个月）,aftertwodays9.将来进行时atthistimetomorrow（明天这个时候）.（2018全国^I卷•65）Ourhostssharedmanyoftheirexperiencesand（recommend）wonderfulplacestoeat,shop,andvisit..（2018全国ni卷・69）WhenthegorillasandIfrightenedeachother,I_wasjustgladtofindthemalive.Truetoagorilla'sunaggressivenature,thehugeanimal（mean）menorealharm..（2017全国nI卷^69）Sarahsays,"Mydadthinks_Ishouldtaketheoffernow.Butatthatmoment,school（come）first.Idon’twanttogettooabsorbedinmodeling.”技巧2：参考语境和根据并列谓语时态一致.并列连词and,but,or,aswellas,ratherthan,both.・.and,neither.・・nor・・・，either.・・or.・・，notonly・・・butalso…等前后的谓语动词时态要一致。.（2019全国^卷•64）Pickingupher“LifetimeAchievement”award,proudIrene（declare）shehadnoplanstoretirefromher36-year-oldbusiness..（2017全国I卷44）Whenfatandsalt（remove）fromfood,thefoodtastesasifitismissingsomething.技巧3：根据固定句型：（固定句式要牢记）在时间、条件和让步状语从句中，主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时；主句用一般过去时，从句用一般过去时。在宾语从句中，如主句用一般过去时，从句应用过去的某种时态；从句表客观事实或真理，用一般现在时。固定句型中的时态：祈使句+and/or/otherwise+陈述句，陈述句用一般将来时。②This/That/Itisthe+序数词+timethatsb.have/hasdone-某人第几次做某事.（从句用现在完成时）This/That/Itwasthe+序数词+timethatsb.haddone.（从句用过去完成时）Itis/hasbeen+时间段+sincesb._did…Itishightimethatsbdid/shoulddo..was/weredoingsth.whensb.did・Nosoonerhadsb.donesththansb1didsth./Hardlyhadsb.donesthwhensb1didsth.bythetime+sb.did,主语+haddone…考法2：考查动词的语态一辨别逻辑，分析主动或被动.（2019全国小卷・69）Onthelastdayofourweek-longstay,we（invite）toattendaprivateconcertonabeautifulfarmontheNorthShoreunderthestars,listeningtomusiciansandmeetinginterestinglocals..（2017全国［卷•64）Whenfatandsalt（remove）fromfood,thefoodtastesasifitismissingsomething..（2017全国^卷.65）Steamengines（use）topullthecarriagesanditmusthavebeenfairlyunpleasantforthepassengers,withallthesmokeandnoise.However,therailwayquicklyprovedtobeagreatsuccess….（2017全国印卷・63）Sarah（tell）thatshecouldbeBritain’snewsupermodel,earningamilliondollarsinthenextyear.HerfatherPeter,44,wantshertogiveupschooltomodelfull-time..（2016全国印卷・62）Trulyelegantchopsticksmight（make）ofgoldandsilverwithChinesecharacters.牢记常考的几种时态的被动语态:1.一般现在时is/am/aredone5.现在进行时is/am/arebeingdone2.一般过去时was/weredone6.过去进行时was/werebeingdone3.一般将来时willbedone7.现在完成时has/havebeendone4.过去将来时wouldbedone8.过去完成时hadbeendone9.含有情态动词的被动语态形式：情态动词（can,may,must.•等）+be+done考法3：考查主谓一致.（2019全国I卷•70）Ofthenineteenrecognizedpolarbearsubpopulations,threearedeclining,six（be）stable,oneisincreasing,andninelackenoughdata..（2018全国I卷•64）Whilerunningregularlycan'tmakeyouliveforever,thereviewsaysit（be）moreeffectiveatlengtheninglifethanwalking,cyclingorswimming..（2017全国I卷•67）Evenworse,theamountoffastfoodthatpeopleeatgoesup.Fastfood（be）fulloffatandsalt；byeatingmorefastfoodpeoplewillgetmoresaltandfatthantheyneedintheirdiet.（1）一致原则：①主语从句、不可数名词、单数名词、表示距离、时间、金钱等的名词、不定式（短语）或动名词（短语）或不定代词作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。（2）当主语后接介词短语，如with,alongwith,togetherwith,aswellas,like,ratherthan,but,except,morethan,nolessthan,besides,including,inadditionto等引起的短语，谓语动词与第一个主语保持一致。若主语为单数，谓语用单数形式；若主语为复数，谓语用复数形式。1.一致原则①主语从句、不可数名词、单数名词、表示距离、时间、金钱、重量、长度、价值等的名词、不定式（短语）或动名词（短语）或不定代词作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。②定语从句谓语动词的数与其所修饰的名词或代词的数保持一致。2.就近原则①or,either...or,neither...nor,whether・・・or…，not・・・but・・”notonly.・・butalso...等连接并列主语时，谓语动词通常和邻近的主语保持一致。②在there/herebe句式中，谓语动词与最邻近的主语保持一致。3.就远原则①“名词+介词（短语）（如with,alongwith,togetherwith,aswellas,like,ratherthan,but,except,morethan,nolessthan,besides,including,inaddition3）+名词”等作主语，谓语动词与第个名词或代词保持一致。4.意义一致①.集合名词people,cattle,police,clothes等作主语，谓语动词用复数形式②anumberof+复数名词…,.,,作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式,...“许多”，thenumberof+复数名词...，作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。”……的数量”，③“the+形容词”表示某一类人，谓语动词用复数形式。2020语法填空解题技巧⑵一考查非谓语动词二、考查非谓语动词：给出的提示词是动词：若句中已有谓语动词，而无并列连词或从句连词，则考虑非谓语动词形式.主动用doing/todo,被动用done/tobedone。考法1:非谓语动词作宾语.（2019全国1卷・67）Scientistshaverespondedby（note）thathungrybearsmaybecongregating（聚集）aroundhumansettlements,leadingtotheillusion（错觉）thatpopulationsarehigherthantheyactuallyare..（2019全国^卷•61）A90-year-oldhasbeenawarded“WomanOfTheYear”for61（be）Britain'soldestfull-timeemployee-stillworking40hoursaweek..（2018全国I卷43）Youmaydrink,smoke,beoverweightandstillreduceyourriskof（die）earlybyrunning..（2018全国I卷•64）Iquicklylowermyself,duckingmyheadtoavoid（look）directlyintohiseyessohedoesn'tfeelchallenged..（2017全国H卷・63）Thisincludeddigginguptheroad,（lay）thetrackandthenbuildingastrongroofoverthetop..（2017全国in卷•61）Butunlikeherschoolfriends,16-year-oldSarahisnotspendinghalf-term （rest）..(2017全国HI卷・65)ButSarah,hastakenpartinshowsalongwithtopmodels,wants(prove)thatshehasbrainsaswellasbeauty.给出的提示词是动词，若句中已有谓语，且设空处不是作并列谓语而是作介词或动词(短语)的宾语，应用非谓语动词doing/todo,主动关系用doing/todo;被动关系用beingdone/tobedone.牢记非谓语动词作宾语的固定结构：在介词by,for,of,about,with,without,after等后应用动名词做宾语。下列动词接+doing作宾语：admit,allow,advise,avoid,consider,escape,enjoy,keep,finish,include,involve,mind,miss,practise,recommend,suggest,feellike,getdownto等。③下列动词接+todo作宾语:agree,afford,choose,decide,expect,fail,hope,manage,offer,pretend,plan,promise,refuse,want,wish,wouldlike,determine等。goon,mean,forget,remember,regret,stop,try等可接动词-ing形式或不定式做宾语。believe/consider/find/feel/think+it+adj,+todosth.中it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的不定式。考法2：非谓语动词作状语和补语一理清逻辑关系(2019全国HI卷・70)Onthelastdayofourweek-longstay,wewereinvitedtoattendaprivateconcertonabeautifulfarmontheNorthShoreunderthestars,(listen)tomusiciansandmeetinginterestinglocals.(2018全国1卷・62)Youdon'thavetorunfastorforlong(see)thebenefit.(2018全国^卷•64)Anotherreasonforcorn'srise:Thegovernmentencouragesfarmerstogrowcorninsteadofrice(improve)waterquality.(2018全国^I卷•70)Oncehismessagewasdelivered,heallowedme(stay)andwatch.(2017全国I卷•63)Fatandsaltareveryimportantpartsofadiet.Theyarerequired(process)thefoodthatweeat,torecoverfrominjuryandforseveralotherbodilyfunctions.(1)做状语：①表目的、出乎意料的结果或形容词后做状语，用不定式；②表伴随、时间或条件等要用现在分词/过去分词；③表自然而然的结果用现在分词。⑵作补语：根据具体结构用(to)do/doing/done.牢记5种用法：①不定式做宾补： allow,expect,advise,ask,beg,permit,tell,wish,forbid,persuade,invite,encourage,command,request等+sb.todosth.②感官动词see/watch/observe/notice/lookat/hear/listento/feel...sb.dosth五看，两听，一感觉)；“三使”：使役动词let/have/makesb.dosth使某人做某事；③have+宾语+宾语补足语：1)havesb.dosth.让某人做某事；2)havesb./sth.doingsth.使某人/物一直做某事；3)havesth.done请人做某事，使…遭受，遭遇④主语+系动词+形容词(easy,hard,difficult,impossible,important等)+todo.⑤too+adjJadv.+todo或adj./adv.+enough+todo考法3：非谓语动词作定语一关系分析法(2019全国^卷^65)Pickingupher“LifetimeAchievement”award,proudIrenedeclaredshehadnoplans(retire)fromher36-year-oldbusiness.(2019全国^卷•68)Whenwegotacall(say)shewasshort-listed,wethoughtitwasajoke.(2016全国I卷•66)IwasthefirstWesternTVreporter(permit)tofilmaspecialunitcaringforpandasrescuedfromstarvationinthewild.提示词是动词，且句中已有谓语动词，根据非谓语动词与主语的逻辑关系确定用何种形式作定语。①若表将来的动作，用不定式todo；若表将来的被动动作，用不定式tobedone。②若与逻辑主语是主动关系，用现在分词doing;若与逻辑主语是被动关系，用过去分词done;若表被动且正在发生的动词用beingdone.③看见thefirst,thesecond,thelast等序数词thenext,theonly等以及thebest或“形容词最高级+(名词)”，用不定式todo作定语。④抽象名词plan,ability,ambition,chance,opportunity,hope.idea,right,way,time,key,solution,promise,desire,wish等后常用动词不定式作后置定语。考法4：非谓语动词作主语和表语一成分分析法(2019全国^I卷%2)Onourwaytothehouse,itwasrainingsohardthatwecouldn'thelpwonderinghowlongitwouldtake(get)there.(2018全国^I卷%5)Iquicklylowermyself,duckingmyheadtoavoidlookingdirectlyintohiseyessohedoesn'tfeel 《challenge).①句子中缺少主语，找到句子的谓语部分，确定应用牢记用动词ing形式/动词不定式作主语的句型：Itisadj.(easy,hard,difficult,important,necessary,impossible,practice)forsb.todosth.Itisadj.(kind,nice,good,clever,right,foolish,honest)ofsb.todosth.3.Ittakessb.+sometime/money+todosth.Itisnogood/nouse/fun/apleasure/nopleasure/awasteoftimedoingsth.Itisworthwhiledoingsth.=Itisworthwhiletodosth非谓语动词做表语，设空前是系动词(be,get,feel,seem,look,taste,smell等)时，根据句子结构确定用不定式或分词做表语。2020语法填空解题技巧一给出提示词⑶一名词、形容词、副词、在语法填空中，所给的提示词是形容词或副词，应考虑词性转换或比较等级；所给的提示词是名词，则考虑词性转换或名词复数形式变化。考法1.考查词性转换一分析句子成分，联系构词法填形容词或副词？技巧1：作定语、表语、宾语补足语或主语补足语，填。技巧2:修饰动词（短语）、形容词、另一副词、介词短语或整个句子放在句首时，填。1.(2019全国I卷%2)Itisdifficulttofigureoutaglobalpopulationofpolarbearsasmuchoftherangehasbeen(poor)studied;however,biologistscalculatethatthereareabout20,000-25,000polarbearsworldwide.2.(2019全国H卷・63)Heryearsofhardworkhave(final)beenacknowledgedafteracustomernominated^名)hertobeCheshire'sWomanOfTheYear.3.2019全国^卷•70)Butthenwegotanofficialletterandwewereblownaway.Wearesoproudofher.It's(wonder).”4.(2019全国n]^・67&68)Theyalsosharedwithusmany(tradition)storiesaboutHawaiithatwere(huge)popularwithtourists.5.(2018全国I卷•69)Runningischeap,easyandit'salways(energy).6.(2018全国H卷•63)Atasteformeatis(actual)behindthechange:Animportantpartofitscornisusedtofeedchickens,pigs,andcattle.7.(2018全国H卷•67)AccordingtotheWorldBank,Chinaaccountsforabout30percentoftotal(globe)fertilizerconsumption.8.(2017全国I卷•69)However,_be(care)nottogotoextremes..（2017全国^卷•70）TheCentralLondonRailwaywasoneofthemost（success）ofthesenewlines,andwasopenedin1900..（2017全国n卷•66）Steamengineswereusedtopullthecarriagesanditmusthavebeen（fair）unpleasantforthepassengers,withallthesmokeandnoise..（2017全国皿卷・70）Itis_ ___ （certain）funbutthelifestyleisalittleunreal.技巧3：所给的词是形容词、副词，词性不需要变化时，根据句意和前后逻辑关系，确定句意表否定时，添加否定前缀（un-,im-,in-,il-,dis-等）或否定后缀（-less）变为其反义词。.（2015广东卷）（lucky）,healsohadacowwhichproducedmilkeveryday.技巧4：根据句法结构判断填名词：1.设空作主语或在及物动词（短语）或介词（短语）后作宾语，填名词。2.做表语，表主语是“什么”，填名词。（2）根据设空位置判断：①在冠词（+形容词）后填名词；②在“冠词+of”结构中填名词；③在形容词性物主代词、名词所有格、数词、量词（some,any,a10tof等）和形容词之后，考虑填名词。.（2019全国印卷・66）Whentheywerefreefromwork,theyinvitedustolocaleventsandletusknowofaninteresting（compete）towatch,togetherwiththestorybehindit..（2018全国n卷46）Thisswitchhasdecreased（pollute）inthecountry'smajorlakesandreservoirsandmadedrinkingwatersaferforpeople..（2018全国in卷・66）MynameisMireyaMayor.I'ma（science）_whostudiesanimalssuchasapesandmonkeys..（2017全国n卷•69）Thisdevelopmentwasonlypossiblewiththe（introduce）ofelectric-poweredenginesandlifts..（2017全国n卷.66）Sheisdeterminedtocarryonwithher（educate）.考法2.考查比较等级一利用标志性词确定比较等级.（2019全国1卷・68）Scientistshaverespondedbynotingthathungrybearsmaybecongregating（聚集）aroundhumansettlements,leadingtotheillusion（错觉）thatpopulationsare（high）thantheyactuallyare..（2018全国1卷・61）Accordingtoareviewofevidenceinamedicaljournal,runnerslivethreeyears-（long）thannon-runners..（2018全国小卷・63）Hescreamsthe（loud）ofall.Thenoiseshakesthetreesasthemalebeatshischestandchargestowardme..（2017全国1卷・66）Even （bad）,theamountoffastfoodthatpeopleeatgoesup.提示词是形容词或副词，根据语境和句意，该词词性不变，意思不变，则可能填该词的原级、比较级或最高级。1.4类标志词确定答案：①设空后含有than……结构时用比较级（比较级+than……）;含有as时可能用原级。②设空前有用来修饰比较级的词语much,far,even,rather,any,alittle,abit,agreatdeal及倍数6而。©,threetimes）等时用比较级。③设空后有表示范围的标志词“of/in/among+范围”等时，用最高级。④设空前有oneofthe、the+序数词、byfarthe等修饰词，用最高级。2.利用固定句型①“the+比较级 the+比较级……”表"越……就越……”②比较级+and+比较级，表“越来越……”③“否定词+比较级”结构，表最高级含义。④倍数+能+形容词/副词原级+as3.利用隐含信息判断：句中虽没有than等标识词，但暗含比较级，也有比较级。考法3.考查名词单复数一利用标志性词确定名词的单复数.（2018全国I卷・67）Twooftheauthorsofthereviewalsomadeastudypublishedin2014whichshowedamerefiveto10minutesaday0fmnningreducedtherisk0fheartdiseaseandearlydeathsfromall_（cause）..（2017全国I卷・62）Thistrend,whichwasstartedbythemedicalcommunity（医学界）asamethodoffightingheartdisease,,hashadsomeunintendedside（effect）suchasoverweightandheartdisease-theverythingthemedicalcommunitywastryingtofight..（2017全国n卷・61）Itranforjustundersevenkilometersandallowedpeopletoavoidterrible（crowd）ontheroadsaboveastheytravelledtoandfromwork..（2017全国IH卷・67）Shehasturneddownseveral（invitation）tostaratshowsinordertoconcentrateonherstudies.1.利用名词前的修饰语，确定名词的单复数形式。①不定冠词a/an+单数名词:名词前有oneofthe+复数名词；名词前有many,several,few,afew,anumberof,hundredsof,acoupleof,adozenof,all,some,both,other等表“多”的数量词时,填复数名词。④名词前有超过1的基数词，如two,three等时，填复数名词。⑤名词前有形容词different,various等时，填复数名词。2.利用谓语的数确定名词的数⑥所填名词作主语，且谓语动词是复数形式are,were,have等，填复数名词。⑦所填名词作主语，且谓语动词是单数，则填单数名词。.牢记习惯上用复数形式的名词或短语，如 belongings/possessions财物；congratulations祝贺；surroundings环境;goodmanners礼貌;taketurns轮流;takepains努力;inalldirections向四面八方;inruins成为废墟;inhighspirits兴致勃勃；livingconditions生活状况等。.牢记常考的不可数名词：advice（建议）,baggage/luggage（行李）,cash（现金）,courage（勇气）,equipment（装备），freedom（自由）,fun（乐趣）,furniture（家具）,health（健康）,wealth（财富）,homework（家庭作业）,housework（家务），information（信息），joy（高兴），jewellery（珠宝），knowledge（知识）luck（运气），money（金钱）,progress（进步）,scenery（风景）,traffic（交通）,word（=news）消息,work（工作）,weather（天气）,air（空气）,bread（面包）,coffee（咖啡）,meat（肉）,paper（纸）,milk（牛奶）,1©2（茶）,water（水）等。2020语法填空解题技巧一没有提示词(4)—冠词、代词、介词(短语)、动词短语考法1：考查冠词一基本用法是解题关键（2019全国I卷$9）Ofnineteenrecognizedpolarbearsubpopulations,threearedeclining,sixarestable,oneisincreasing,andninelackenoughdata.（2018全国n卷•62）Cornproductionhasjumpednearly125percentover past25years,whilericehasincreasedonly7percent.（2018全国n]^・62）Unexpectedly,I'mface-to-facewiththegorilla,whobeginsscreamingattopotherlungs.（2017全国I卷•65）Asresult,peoplewilleatmorefoodtotrytomakeupforthatsomethingmissing.（2017全国^卷•64）Thisincludeddigginguptheroad,layingthetrackandthenbuildingastrongroofovertop.6,（2017全国111卷・62）Instead,sheisearning6,500adayas modelinNewYork.考填冠词的情况：确定填a,an还是the①用定冠词the的情况：特指双熟悉，上文已提及，世上独一无二，专有名词前，西洋乐器前，序数词与最高级前。②用不定冠词的情况：泛指一类人与物，和序数词一起表“又一，再一”词首字母读元音，冠词就要用an,其他一律用a。技巧1：填不定冠词的情况：①“a/an+单数可数名词”表一类人物；②“Han+形容词+单数可数名词”③“a+比较级”表“更……”技巧2：填定冠词的情况：①the+（定语）+名词+of等介词短语； ②the+（定语）+名词+定语从句（表特指）；③the+（定语）+名词+不定式份词短语；④the+形容词最高级”表“最……；⑤the+序数词”表“第几个”考法2：考查代词一根据所作成分转换代词（给提示词）或根据指代对象或句式填写代词。.（2018全国I卷・70）Runningischeap,easyandit'salwaysenergetic.Ifyouaretimepoor,youneedrunforonlyhalfthetimetogetthesamebenefitsasothersports,soperhapsweshouldallgiveatry..（2018全国III卷・67）WhenthegorillasandIfrightenedeachother,Iwasjustgladtofind（they）alive..（2017全国^卷•67）However,therailwayquicklyprovedtobeagreatsuccessandwithinsixmonths,morethan25,000peoplewereusingeveryday,填代词的情况：当句子中缺少主语、宾语、表语和定语时，一般填代词；确定填代词之后，再看一下设空处所填代词是否与前文提到的人或物有指代关系。作主语：人称代词主格（I,we,you,he,she,it,they）.作宾语：人称代词宾格（me,us,you,him,her,it,them）＞g词性物主代词（mine,your,his,hers,its,ours,yours,theirs）.③作表语：人称代词宾格或名词性物主代词。作定语：形容词性物主代词（my,your,his,her,its,our,your,their）如果宾语与主语是指同一人，用反身代词（myself,yourself,himself,herself,itself,ourselves,yourselves,themselves）,同时注意数的变化。⑥填it的情况：作形式主语或形式宾语一定用it；指代前面提到的同一个事物或情况用it；固定搭配，如makeit（成功；按时到达）,getit明白，理解。考法3：考查介词（短语）和动词短语一根据固定搭配.（2019全国印卷・63）Wewerefirstgreetedwiththebarkingby_a,packdogsseventobeexact..（2018全国^卷•65）Cornuseslesswaterriceandcreateslessfertilizer（化肥）runoff..（2018全国印卷・67）IwassearchingthesethreewesternlowlandgorillasI'dbeenobserving..（2017全国I卷・61）Thistrend,whichwasstartedbythemedicalcommunity医学界） amethodoffightingheartdisease,hashadsomeunintendedsideeffectssuchasoverweightandheartdisease-theverythingthemedicalcommunitywastryingtofight..（2017全国n卷•62）Itranforjustundersevenkilometersandallowedpeopletoavoidterriblecrowdsontheroadsaboveastheytravelledtoandwork..（2017全国ni卷48）Afterschoolsheplanstotakeayearofftomodelfull-timebeforegoingtouniversitytogetadegree engineeringorarchitecture.填介词的情况：设空后没有谓语动词，而是名词、代词或动名词或what从句，且它们不在句中作主语、表语，也不作动词的宾语时，那就是作介词的宾语，填介词。（介词+名词、代词或动名词或what从句）2020语法填空解题技巧一没有提示词⑸—考查并列句和三大从句考法4：考查并列连词一关系分析法+搭配+句型法.（2019卷II•67）IworknotbecauseIhaveto,67becauseIwantto.”.（2016全国ni卷・61）InmuchofAsia,especiallytheso-called“ricebowl”culturesofChina,Japan,Korea,Vietnam,foodisusuallyeatenwithchopsticks..确定填并列连词:无提示词，若设空前后是并列的两个并列的主谓完整的句子、单词、短语等，可根据前后部分填恰当的并列连词,.关系分析法：①表并列或顺承关系用and；表选择关系用or；表转折关系用but,表因果关系用so（因此）或for（因为）；表对比关系用while。表并列关系：aswellas也;both and 两者都;notonly butalso 不但…而且….③表选择关系：either or 不是 就是 ;neither nor 既不 也不 ;not but 不是 而是 固定句式：祈使句+and/or+陈述句when作并列连词常用的句型：beabouttodo…when…；bedoing…when…；beonthepointofdoing・・・when;had（just）done.・・when…；hardly.・・when・・.等。考法5：考查定语从句关系词的用法一3步确定关系词3.（2019全国II卷・62）NowIreneAstburyworksfrom9amto5pmdailyatthepetshopinMacclesfield,③缺少介词的宾语：whom/which ④缺少定语：whose⑤缺少时间，地点或原因状语时：分别用when,where,why考法6：考查名词性从句的引导词—成分分析法十句意理解法.（2019全国I^*61）Whiletheyarerarenorthof88°,thereisevidencetheyrangeallthewayacrosstheArctic,andasfarsouthasJamesBayinCanada..（2018全国II卷・61）I'mnotsurethat ismorefrightened,meorthefemalegorillaCfc猩猩）thatsuddenlyappearsoutofnowhere..（2015卷II,70）Asnaturalarchitects,thePuebloIndiansfiguredoutexactlythicktheadobewallsneededtobetomakethecycleworkonmostdays.解题技巧：设空处无提示词，先确定主句主谓结构，在确定设空和设空后的内容在主句中充当主语、宾语、表语或同位语。技巧1：分析句子成分。①缺少主语，宾语，表语用连接代词what,who,whom,which,whatever等。②缺少状语，用连接副词when俵时间）,where（表地点），why（表原因），how（表方式）等。③不缺成分，句意缺少“是否"用if/whether④不缺成分且句子意思完整用that.技巧2：结合句意和引导词的本义解题。有些引导词在句中有很鲜明地意义，如if是否；whoever无论谁；whatever无论什么；because因为；why为什么等。技巧3：牢记what与that的区别：that没有词义，不作任何成分；what在从句中表示“所…..的东西”，在句中作主语、表语、宾语、定语等成分。考法7：考查状语从句的连接词一根据逻辑关系和连词含义解释11.（2019全国印卷・61）Onourwaytothehouse,itwasraininghardthatwecouldn'thelpwonderinghowlongitwouldtaketogetthere.12.（2016全国印卷・65）Overtime,thepopulationgrew,peoplebegancuttingfoodintosmallpiecessoitwouldcookmorequickly.1.确定是状语从句，设空前后两个句子之间含有一定的逻辑关系时，应用状语从句的引导词。2.牢记常考的状语从句的引导词：时间状语从句when,while,as,before,after,once,till,until,since,every/eachtime,themoment/minute,hardly/scarcely...when.・・，nosooner.than.原因状语从句because,since,as,nowthat（=since既然，由于）地点状语从句where,wherever（无论什么地方，不管哪里）目的状语从句sothat（为了，以便）,inorderthat,incase（以防万一），forfearthat结果状语从句sothat（结果）,so…that,such…that（如此 以致）条件状语从句if,unless（除非，如果不），aslongas（只要），solongas（只要），onconditionthat(如果)，incase(如果，万一)让步状语从句although,though,as(状语或表语要提到as前；作表