小学英语语法一般现在时讲练课件

小学英语语法一般(yībān)现在时讲练课件第一页，共59页。1我的功能(gōngnéng)1.表示经常性、习惯性的动作(dòngzuò)或状态Igotoschooleveryday.Yousometimes

take

abushome.

Theyusually

have

lunchat11:30.Healways

getsupearly.She

is

often

lateforschool.2.表示(biǎoshì)表示(biǎoshì)客观事实Youare

13.Heis

astudent.

You

studyatOlympicGardenMiddleSchool.第二页，共59页。2关键词always(总是)usually(通常)often(经常)sometimes(有时)hardly(几乎(jīhū)不) rarely〔很少〕never(从不)everyday(每天)everyyear(每年〕allthetime〔所有时间〕onMonday〔在星期一〕inJanuary〔在某月〕3.表示(biǎoshì)永恒不变的真理；Themoongoes

roundtheearth.

第三页，共59页。3

一.be动词(dòngcí)的一般现在时be动词(dòngcí)：主语+be+其它如：Iamaboy.我是一个男孩。

Heisaboy.他是一个男孩。｛

amis(单三〕

are第四页，共59页。4肯定句：主语+be+其它如：Heisaworker.Youarethirteen.

否认句：主语+be+not+其它如：Heisnotaworker.Youaren’tthirteen.一般(yībān)疑问句：Be+主语+其它?如：Isheaworker?Yes,heis./No,heisn’t.Areyouthirteen?Yes,Iam./No,Iamnot.特殊疑问句：疑问词+be+主语+其它?如：Whatishe?Whatcolouristhatbird?Howoldareyou?Wherearethey?2.be动词的一般现在(xiànzài)时的根本句型第五页，共59页。5二.实义动词(dòngcí)的一般现在时1、什么叫实义动词(dòngcí)？实义动词(dòngcí)是指表示有具体意思的动词(dòngcí),也叫行为动词(dòngcí)。如:like(喜欢〕,eat〔吃〕,live〔居住〕,have〔有〕,run〔跑〕等等。实义动词(dòngcí)占英语中动词(dòngcí)的绝大多数。第六页，共59页。6我们已学过的be动词可译成“是〞，有时(yǒushí)译成“成为〞，有时(yǒushí)那么没有具体意思如：“Sheistall.〞这句译成：“她很高〞。故be动词不属于实义动词。第七页，共59页。72、一般现在(xiànzài)时实义动词作谓语的时侯有两种形式：动词(dòngcí)原形；如:enjoy第三人称单数动词(dòngcí)形式；如:enjoys主语(zhǔyǔ)+(+其它)。｛行为动词原形行为动词的单数第三人称形式如：We

study

English.我们学习英语.

He

studies

French.第八页，共59页。8一般现在时结构静态句“tobe”动态句“todo”第九页，共59页。9静态句“tobe”肯定句否定句一般疑问句主语+be动词+…Iamagirl.Heisathome.Theyarehappy.主语+be动词+not+…Heisnotafarmer.Wearenotatschool.Iamnottall.Be动词+主语+…?Isheafarmer?Areyoustudents?Arethebooksonthetable?第十页，共59页。10动态句“todo”肯定句否定句一般疑问句主语+动原+…三单主语+动词三单+…Wegotoschooleveryday.Hegoeshomeafterschool.主语+don’t+动原+…三单主语+doesn’t+动原…Wedon’tgotoschool…Hedoesn’tgohome…Do+主语+动原…?Does+三单主语+动原…?Doyougotoschool…?Doeshegohome…?第十一页，共59页。11哪些主语是第三人称(dìsānrénchēnɡ)单数?第十二页，共59页。12一、人称代词he,she,it是第三人称(dìsānrénchēnɡ)单数。HelikeswatchingTV.他喜欢(xǐhuan)看电视。Shehaslunchattwelve.她十二点吃午餐。Itlookslikeacat.它看起来像只猫。第十三页，共59页。13二、单个人名、地名或称呼(chēnghu)作主语；是第三人称单数。①HanMeilookslikehermother.韩梅看起来像她的母亲

②BeijingisinChina.北京(běijīnɡ)在中国。

③UncleWangoftenmakescakes.王叔叔经常做蛋糕。第十四页，共59页。14三、单数可数名词或"this/that/the+单数可数名词"作主语(zhǔyǔ)时，是第三人称单数。①Apandaisashyanimal.熊猫是害羞的动物。

②Thisbookisyellow.这本书是黄色(huángsè)的。

③Thatcarisred.那辆小汽车是红色的。

④Thecatisblack.这只猫是黑色的。第十五页，共59页。15

3、实义动词第三人称单数的动词形式变化(biànhuà)规那么一般情况下直接加-swalk—walks以s.x.sh.ch.o尾加-eswatch—watchesgo—goes“辅音字母+y”结尾变y为i,再加-es，fly—flies特殊情况have→hasdo→doesgo→goes第十六页，共59页。16当主语是第三人称单数时，动词需变化.动词单三的变化：1、一般情况下，直接加s，如：reads,plays,works,makes2、以s,x,ch,sh结尾，后加es.如：watcheswashesteaches3、以辅音字母加o结尾,一般加es,如：does,goes4、“元音字母+y〞结尾的单词，直接在词尾(cíwěi)加-s。如：plays,says5、辅音字母+y结尾的单词,去y,加ies,如：flies,studies6、不规那么变化如：have-has第十七页，共59页。17Exercise

sit________swim________go___do_______make________run________write________see_____cry________study_________watch_______wash_______say_______play_______have______take_______swimsgoesdoesmakesrunswritescriesseesstudieswatcheswashessaysplayshastakessits第十八页，共59页。181)肯定句:主语(zhǔyǔ)〔I/We/You/They〕+实义动词原形+其他如：IstayathomeonSaturdays.Theyhavesportseveryday.主语(zhǔyǔ)〔He/She/It〕+实义动词单三形式+其他如：HestaysathomeonSaturdays.Lucyhassportseveryday.4、实义动词的一般(yībān)现在时的根本句型第十九页，共59页。192)否认(fǒurèn)句：主语〔I/We/You/They〕+do+not+动词原形+其他如：Idon’tstayathomeonSaturdays.Theydon’thavesportseveryday.主语〔He/She/It〕+does+not+动词原形+其他如：Hedoesn’tstayathomeonSaturdays.Lucydoesn’thavesportseveryday.第二十页，共59页。203)一般疑问句及其肯、否认答复：Do+主语〔I/we/you/they〕+动词(dòngcí)原形+其他？如：DoyoustayathomeonSaturdays?Yes,Ido./No,Idon’t.Dotheyhavesportseveryday?Yes,theydo./No,theydon’t.Does+主语〔he/she/it〕+动词(dòngcí)原形+其他？如：DoeshestayathomeonSaturdays?Yes,hedoes./No,hedoesn’t.DoesLucyhavesportseveryday?Yes,hedoes./No,hedoesn’t.第二十一页，共59页。214)特殊(tèshū)疑问句：疑问词+do/does+主语+动词原形+其他？如：Whatdoyouwant?Whatdoesshewant?Whattimedoyouhavelunch?Whattimedoesshehavelunch?Whatdoyoudo?Whatdoesshedo?Howdoyouspellit?Howdoeshespellit?特殊(tèshū)疑问句:疑问词+一般疑问句?直接答复，而不用yes或no.第二十二页，共59页。225.一般现在时的句型(jùxínɡ)变换1〕

IusuallyplayfootballonFriday.改为一般疑问句:DoyouusuallyplayfootballonFriday?对划线局部提问:WhatdoyouusuallydoonFriday?2〕Myfathergotoworkbybikeeveryday.对划线局部提问:Howdoesyourfathergotoworkeveryday?第二十三页，共59页。23一般(yībān)现在时〔否认句〕在一般现在时中，句中有be动词(dòngcí)或情态动词(dòngcí)〔can等〕时，否认句在be动词(dòngcí)和情态动词(dòngcí)后加not。例如第二十四页，共59页。24一般(yībān)现在时〔否认句〕1、Iamateacher.否：Iamnotateacher.2、Heisastudent.否：Heisnotastudent.3、Youareaboy.否：Youarenotaboy.4、Icanswim.否：Icannot〔can’t)swim.第二十五页，共59页。25变否认(fǒurèn)句Iamagoodboy.Iam

not

agoodboy.第二十六页，共59页。26变否认(fǒurèn)句Theyarestudents.Theyarenotstudents.第二十七页，共59页。27变否认(fǒurèn)句ShecanspeakEnglish.ShecannotspeakEnglish.第二十八页，共59页。28一般现在(xiànzài)时〔否认句〕句中没有be动词或情态动词时，主语为第三人称单数(dānshù)的否认句在动词前加doesnot(doesn’t),非单三时，否认句在动词前加donot〔don’t)例如第二十九页，共59页。29一般(yībān)现在时〔否认句〕1、Itoschoolbybus.否：Itoschoolbybus.2、He

toschoolbybus.否：He

toschoolbybus.godon’tgogoesdoesn’tgo第三十页，共59页。30变否认(fǒurèn)句IstudyEnglisheveryday.I

don’t

studyEnglisheverymorning.第三十一页，共59页。31变否认(fǒurèn)句ShespeaksChinesewell.Shedoesn’tspeakChinesewell.第三十二页，共59页。32一般(yībān)现在时〔疑问句〕句中有be动词或情态动词时，be动词或情态动词can提前(tíqián)，首字母变为大写；some变any例如第三十三页，共59页。33一般(yībān)现在时〔一般(yībān)疑问句〕

Heisastudent.Youareaboy.

Isheastudent？Areyou

aboy？Icanswim.They

areteachers.Canyouswim？Are

theyteacher？第三十四页，共59页。34Benismyfriend.

IsBenyourfriend？变一般(yībān)疑问句第三十五页，共59页。35一般(yībān)现在时〔疑问句〕句中没有be动词或情态动词时，主语为非第三人称单数，一般疑问句在句首加do，句子(jùzi)中动词用原形。主语为第三人称单数，一般疑问句在句首加does，句子(jùzi)中原有动词用原形；Some变any.例如第三十六页，共59页。36一般(yībān)现在时〔一般(yībān)疑问句〕1、Itoschoolbybus.疑问句：youtoschoolbybus.2、He

toschoolbybus.疑问句：he

toschoolbybus.DoesgogoesgogoDo第三十七页，共59页。37Wegotoschooleveryday.

Do

you

gotoschooleveryday?变一般(yībān)疑问句第三十八页，共59页。38Nancylikesplayingcomputergames.

DoesNancylikeplayingcomputergames?变一般(yībān)疑问句第三十九页，共59页。39Benwantssomebread.

DoesBenwant

anybread？变一般(yībān)疑问句第四十页，共59页。40特殊(tèshū)疑问句地点：where人：who物：what年龄：howold价钱(jiàqiɑn)：howmuch数量：howmany第四十一页，共59页。41特殊(tèshū)疑问句有be动词(dòngcí)或情态动词(dòngcí)构成：疑问词+be动词(dòngcí)或情态动词(dòngcí)+主语+其它例如第四十二页，共59页。42特殊(tèshū)疑问句She

can

play

piano.What

can

sheplay？He

is

ten.Howold

is

he？Heis

athome.Where

ishe？It’s

3dollars.Howmuch

isit?第四十三页，共59页。43特殊(tèshū)疑问句没有be动词或情态动词构成(gòuchéng)：疑问词+do〔does〕+主语+动词原形+其它例如第四十四页，共59页。44特殊(tèshū)疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句？Ilikeplayingfootball.Jimeatssomebreadeverymorning.Linglinghaslunchathome.Whatdoyoulike?WhatdoesJimeateverymorning?WheredoesLinginghavelunch？Doyoulikeplayingfootball?DoesJimeatanybreadeverymorning?DoesLinglinghavelunchathome?第四十五页，共59页。45谓语动词是实义动词时,其一般(yībān)现在时的谓语动词形式有两种——第三人称单数或原形。其否认句和疑问句要借助于does或do来帮助构成。6.实义动词的一般(yībān)现在时用法小结第四十六页，共59页。46一般(yībān)现在时练习(liànxí)第四十七页，共59页。47用括号(kuòhào)内动词的适当形式填空1.Heusually________(have)lunchathome.2.DavidandTomusually______(play)footballafterschool.3.Weusually______(make)modelships.4.Nickusually______(watch)TVonMonday.hasplaymakewatches第四十八页，共59页。485.What______theyusually______(do)onSaturdays?Theyusually______(fly)kites.6.______youruncle______(water)theflowerseveryday?7.______yourparents______(read)newspaperseveryday?8.Thegirlusually______(teach)usEnglishonSundays.dodoflyDoeswaterDoreadteaches第四十九页，共59页。499.What______youusually______(do)afterschool?Iusually______(grow)flowers.10.What______yourmotherusually______(do)onSundays?Sheusually______(do)houseworkathome.11.______Mike______(have)anyhobbies?Yes,he______.He______(like)______(cook).12.They______(have)thesamehobby.dodogrowdoesdodoesDoeshavelikeshavecookingdoes第五十页，共59页。5013.Myaunt______(like)______(read)newspaperseveryevening.14.What______Mikeusually______(do)onSundays?Heusually______(help)JanewithherMaths.15.What______Helenusually______(do)onSundays?Sheusually______(clean)thedesk.cleansdodoeshelpsdodoesreadinglikes第五十一页，共59页。5116.She______(go)toschoolfromMondaytoFriday.17.LiuTao______(do)notlikePE.Hecan’t______(run)fast.18.Thechildrenusually______(watch)TVintheevening.goesdoesrunwatch第五十二页，共59页。5219.SuHaiandSuYang______(have)eightsubjectsthisterm.20.What______sheusually______(do)intheevening?Sheusually______(study)English.studiesdoesdohave第五十三页，共59页。5321.Thegirlis______.Shedances__________________.(beautiful)22.Thestudent______(use)acomputerto______(write)music.23.I______(like)makingclothes,buthe________________(donotlike).He______(like)playingfootball.beautifulbeautifullyuseswritelikedoesnot

likelikes第五十四页，共59页。5424.Weusually______(dance)and______(play)basketballafterclass.25.Mike’s______(hobby)is______draw)pictures.drawinghobbyplaydance第五十五页，共59页。55二、改写(gǎixiě)句子1．IwanttoplaytabletenniswithGaoShan.He_____