福建专用2022年高考英语一轮复习课时规范练14UNIT7B含解析北师大版

课时规范练14Unit7(B)(35分钟)Ⅰ.阅读理解IntheUnitedStatesalone,over100millioncell-phonesarethrownawayeachyear.Cell-phonesarepartofagrowingmountainofelectronicwastelikecomputersandpersonaldigitalassistants.Theelectronicwastestreamisincreasingthreetimesfasterthantraditionalgarbageasawhole.Electronicdevicescontainvaluablemetalssuchasgoldandsilver.ASwissstudyreportedthatwhiletheweightofelectronicgoodsrepresentedbypreciousmetalswasrelativelysmallincomparisontototalwaste,theconcentration(含量)ofgoldandotherpreciousmetalswashigherinso-callede-wastethaninnaturallyoccurringminerals.Electronicwastesalsocontainmanypoisonousmetals.Evenwhenthemachinesarerecycledandtheharmfulmetalsremoved,therecyclingprocessofteniscarriedoutinpoorcountries,inpracticallyuncontrolledwayswhichallowmanypoisonoussubstancestoescapeintotheenvironment.Creatingproductsoutofrawmaterialscreatesmuchmorewastematerial,upto100timesmore,thanthematerialcontainedinthefinishedproducts.Consideragainthecell-phone,andimaginetheminesthatproducedthosemetals,thefactoriesneededtomaketheboxandpackaging(包装)itcamein.Manywastesproducedintheproducingprocessareharmfulaswell.TheU.S.EnvironmentalProtectionAgencynotesthatmostwasteisdangerousinthat“theproduction,distribution,anduseofproducts—aswellasmanagementoftheresultingwaste—allresultingreenhousegasrelease.”Individualscanreducetheircontributionbycreatinglesswasteatthestart—forinstance,buyingreusableproductsandrecycling.Inmanycountriestheconceptofextendedproducerresponsibilityisbeingconsideredorhasbeenputinplaceasanincentive(动机)forreducingwaste.Ifproducersarerequiredtotakebackpackagingtheyusetoselltheirproducts,wouldtheyreducethepackaginginthefirstplace?Governments’incentivetorequireproducerstotakeresponsibilityforthepackagingtheyproduceisusuallybasedonmoney.Why,theyask,shouldcitiesortownsberesponsibleforpayingtodealwiththebubblewrap(气泡垫)thatencasedyourtelevision?Fromthegovernments’pointofview,aprimarygoaloflawsrequiringextendedproducerresponsibilityistotransferboththecostsandthephysicalresponsibilityofwastemanagementfromthegovernmentandtax-payersbacktotheproducers.1.BymentioningtheSwissstudy,theauthorintendstotellusthat.

A.theweightofe-goodsisrathersmallB.e-wastedeservestobemadegooduseofC.naturalmineralscontainmorepreciousmetalsD.thepercentageofpreciousmetalsisheavyine-waste2.Theresponsibilityofe-wastetreatmentshouldbeextended.

A.fromproducerstogovernmentsB.fromgovernmentstoproducersC.fromindividualstodistributorsD.fromdistributorstogovernments3.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?A.Theincreaseine-waste.B.Thecreationofe-waste.C.Theseriousnessofe-waste.D.Themanagementofe-waste.Ⅱ.完形填空(2018·湖南长沙一模)Iworkedonboatsfortwentyfiveyears.NowIamadockingpilot(码头领航员).Myjobisto1inthelargeluxuryliners(轮船)andstaywiththemuntiltheyare2stoppedintheharbour.Sometimesthisrequirestwotugs(拖船),sometimesmanymore,3thetideandtheweather.

Mostofyouno4haveseenthesetugspushingandpullingatthebigliners.Whattheyaredoingdoesn’tseemtomakemuch5,astheminutethebigboatisalongsidetheport,herheavyropemadefast,thejobis6.

Ifeltvery7afterIhaddockedseveralofthelargeliners.IrealisedIwasin8ofagreatshipworthmillionsofdollarsandthe9weredependingonmetobringhersafelytotheport.Thesetugs,whetheroneorten,10aboutinaccordwith(与……一致)whistlesignalsI11themfromthebridgeofthebigliner.Thesesignalsmakeupalanguagethatisjustas12asthespokenword,orevenmoreso,13ourdockingsignalsarehardlymisunderstood.Thecaptainofeachtugdoeshisworkaccordingtothesignalshe14.Heneverasksquestions.Hetakes15faithfully,andit16worksout.

Workingaroundtugboats,wheresomuchdependson17,hashaditseffectonwhatIbelieve.IbelievethatifIamtoattaina18placeintheworldImusthavethehelpofmyfellowmenjustasthegreattransatlantic(横跨大西洋的)linersdependonthe19ofthelittletugstobringthemsafelytothe20.

1.A.put B.pushC.bring D.join2.A.safely B.dangerouslyC.immediately D.illegally3.A.addingto B.lettingaloneC.thinkingof D.dependingon4.A.wonder B.doubtC.need D.exception5.A.sense B.profitC.progress D.advance6.A.prepared B.lostC.planned D.done7.A.bored B.meaninglessC.important D.tired8.A.control B.praiseC.defence D.place9.A.clerks B.sportsmenC.readers D.owners10.A.look B.moveC.hear D.worry11.A.write B.sendC.mail D.bring12.A.dependable B.incredibleC.doubtful D.visible13.A.though B.ifC.while D.because14.A.gives B.spreadsC.receives D.passes15.A.nothing B.anythingC.something D.everything16.A.never B.everC.always D.seldom17.A.imagination B.creationC.teamwork D.performance18.A.successful B.frustratingC.regretful D.embarrassing19.A.prevention B.helpC.objection D.delay20.A.airport B.stationC.port D.stopⅢ.语篇填空(2018·全国Ⅱ卷)DietshavechangedinChina—andsotoohasitstopcrop.Since2011,thecountry1.(grow)morecornthanrice.Cornproductionhasjumpednearly125percentover2.past25years,whilericehasincreasedonly7percent.

Atasteformeatis3.(actual)behindthechange:Animportantpartofitscornisusedtofeedchickens,pigs,andcattle.Anotherreasonforcorn’srise:Thegovernmentencouragesfarmerstogrowcorninsteadofrice4.(improve)waterquality.Cornuseslesswater5.riceandcreateslessfertilizer(化肥)runoff.Thisswitchhasdecreased6.(pollute)inthecountry’smajorlakesandreservoirsandmadedrinkingwatersaferforpeople.

AccordingtotheWorldBank,Chinaaccountsforabout30percentoftotal7.(globe)fertilizerconsumption.TheChineseMinistryofAgriculturefindsthatbetween2005—whenthegovernment8.(start)asoil-testingprogram9.givesspecificfertilizerrecommendationstofarmers—and2011,fertilizerusedroppedby7.7milliontons.Thatpreventedtheemission(排放)of51.8milliontonsofcarbondioxide.China’sapproachtoprotectingitsenvironmentwhile10.(feed)itscitizens“offersusefullessonsforagricultureandfoodpolicymakersworldwide,”saysthebank’sJuergenVoegele.

Ⅳ.书面表达假定你是李华,正在一所英国学校学习暑期课程。在这期间你遇到了一些困难,希望得到学校辅导中心(LearningCenter)的帮助。根据学校规定,你需要书面预约,请按下列要点写一封信:1.本人简介;2.求助内容;3.约定时间;4.你的联系方式(Phone:12345678)。注意:1.词数100左右;2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;3.开头语和结束语已为你写好,不计入总词数。DearSir/Madam,

Iamlookingforwardtoyourreply.Yours,LiHua答案：Ⅰ.1.B2.B3.DⅡ.1.C2.A3.D4.B5.A6.D7.C8.A9.D10.B11.B12.A13.D14.C15.D16.C17.C18.A1