004大学英语六级模拟题4+6套-201906答案

大儒诚信教育资源2019年6月六级考试真题（第一套）答案及详解PartIWriting这篇英语写作的标题为“TheImportanceofMotivationandMethodsinLearning,属于议论文体，要在importance上下足功夫，并且涉及到“motivation”与“methods”两个方面。因此，需要观点鲜明，比如“动机可以帮助开始、维持、完成学习活动〈“有强烈学习动机的人学习热情高”、“学习动机弱的人容易半途而废”、“好的学习方法能起到事半功倍的效果”等。文章可以分为三个段落来写：第一段简要说明学习成功的秘诀在于动机与方法；第二段分两个层面阐述动机和方法在学习中的重要性；第三段呼应开头，再一次强调动机与方法对于学习的重要作用。在写作的时候可以运用一些名言，也可以用一些修辞手段（如“排比”），使得语言优美，产生较强的可读性。写作还可以运用一些衔接手段，如ontheonehand,ontheotherhand,onthecontrary,therefore等以使得文章具有较好的连贯性。【范文】TheImportanceofMotivationandMethodsinLearningAlluniversitystudentswouldliketobesuccessfulinlearning.Somehaveachievedtheirwisheswhileothershaven't.Inmyopinion,thesecretliesinmotivationandmethods.Ontheonehand,motivationisveryimportantinlearning.Asiswellknown,motivationcanhelpthestudentsstart,maintainandfulfilltheirlearningactivities.Thosewithstrongmotivationshowmuchenthusiasmforlearningandfocusonwhattheylearn.Onthecontrary,thosewithweakmotivationdohthavemuchinterestinlearning.Whenevertheymeetwithdifficulties,theytendtogiveuphalfway.Ontheotherhand,methodsareofgreatimportanceinlearning.AsEinsteinoncepointedout,successresultsfromhardworkandcorrectmethods.Goodlearningmethodscanhelpthelearnersgettwicetheresultwithhalftheeffort.Thosewithgoodlearningmethodscanreachtheothersideofsuccesseasilywhilethosewithpoorlearningmethodswillfallintothedeepvalleyoffailure.Therefore,ifwewanttobesuccessfulinlearning,wemustdevelopstrongmotivationanddevelopscientificmethods.Inthisway,wecannotonlyenjoythesweetfruitsoflearningbutalsoliveasuccessfulandmeaningfuluniversitylife.【参考译文】大儒诚信教育资源大儒诚信教育资源所有的大学生都想在学业上取得成功。一些人实现了他们的愿望，而另一些人则没有。在我看来，其秘诀在于动机和方法。一方面，动机在学习中是非常重要的。众所周知，动机可以帮助学生开始、维持和完成他们的学习活动。那些有强烈动机的人对学习表现出极大的热情，并专注于他们所学的东西。相反，那些动机薄弱的人对学习没有多大兴趣。每当遇到困难，他们往往会半途而废。另一方面，方法在学习中是非常重要的。正如爱因斯坦曾经指出的那样，成功来自努力工作和正确的方法。好的学习方法可以帮助学习者事半功倍。学习方法好的人容易到达成功的彼岸，学习方法差的人则会跌入失败的深渊。因此，如果要想在学习上取得成功，我们必须要有强烈的动机和科学的方法。这样，我们不仅可以享受学习的甜蜜果实，也可以享受成功并富有意义的大学生活。PartIlListeningComprehensionSectionAConversationOneW:Hi,mynameisKathy.Nicetomeetyou!M:Nicetomeetyoutoo,Kathy.MynameisJohn.I'mauniversityfriendofthebride.Whataboutyou?Whodoyouknowatthisparty?W:(1)IamacolleagueofBrenda.Iwasalittlesurprisedtobeinvited,tobehonest.We'veonlybeenworkingtogetherthelastsixmonths,butwequicklybecamegoodfriends.Wejustwrappedupaprojectwithadifficultclientlastweek.IbetBrendaisgladit'sdonewith,andshecanfocusonweddingpreparations.M:Oh,yes.SoyoureKathyfromtheoffice.Actually,Iveheardalotaboutyouandthatproject.Theclientsoundedlikearealnightmare!W:Oh,hewas.Imeanwedealwithallkindsofpeopleonaregularbasis.Itspartofthejob,buthewasespeciallyparticular.Enoughaboutthat.Whatlineofworkareyouin?M:Well,rightoutofcollege,Iworkedinadvertisingforawhile.Recentlythough,Iturnmyphotographyhobbyintoasmallbusiness.(2)I'llactuallybetakingphotosduringthebigeventasaweddinggift.W:Thatsoundswonderfulandverythoughtfulofyou.Ibake,justasahobby.(3)ButBrendahasaskedmetodothecakeforthewedding.Iwasabitnervoussayingyes,becauseI'mfarfromaprofessional.M:Didyoubakethecookieshereatthepartytonight?W:Yes,Igottheideafromamagazine.M:They'redelicious!You'vegotnothingtoworryabout.You'reanatural.W:Youreallythinkso?M:(4)Ifyouhadn'ttoldmethat,Iwouldhaveguessedtheywerebakedbytherestaurant.Youknow,withyoureventplanningexperience,youcouldverywellopenyourownshop.大儒诚信教育资源大儒诚信教育资源W:Ha,ha!Onestepatatime.First,'Illseehowbakingtheweddingcakegoes.Ifit’snotadisaster,maybeI’llgiveitsomemorethought.Questions1to4arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.WhatdidKathyandBrendafinishdoinglastweek?【解析】D。本题的四个选项都是名词性的表达，可以预测会以what来提问。当听到问题问的是“凯西和布伦达上周完成了什么？”时，结合所听到的信息IamacolleagueofBrenda.（我是布伦达的同事。）和Wejustwrappedupaprojectwithadifficultclientlastweek.（上周我们刚和一个难缠的客户完成了一个项目。）可以得知D）为正确答案。本题的设计采用了wrapup的同义表达finish，选项设计采用了difficult的同义表达troublesome。WhatisJohngoingtodoforBrenda?【解析】B。本题的四个选项都是动词性的表达，可以预测会以what…do来提问。当听到问题问的是“约翰要为布伦达做什么？”时，结合所听到的信息I'llactuallybetakingphotosduringthebigeventasaweddinggift.（事实上，我将在婚礼期间拍照作为结婚礼物。）可以得知B）为正确答案。本题的设计采用Ytakephotos…asaweddinggift的同义表达takeweddingphotos。HowdidKathyfeelwhenaskedtobakethecake?【解析】C。本题的四个选项都是形容词性的表达，可以预测会以how来提问。当听到问题问的是“凯西被要求烤蛋糕时感觉如何?”时，结合所听到的信息ButBrendahasaskedmetodothecakeforthewedding.Iwasabitnervoussayingyes,because’Imfarfromaprofessional.（但是布伦达让我为婚礼做蛋糕。我答应时有点紧张，因为我很不专业。）可以很容易得知C）为正确答案。选项中的flattered意为“高兴的，感到荣幸的"，hesitant意为“犹豫不决的”。Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?【解析】A。本题的四个选项都是动词性的表达，可以预测会以what…do来提问。当听到问题问的是“男士建议女士做什么？”时，结合所听到的信息Ifyouhadn'ttoldmethat,Iwouldhaveguessedtheywerebakedbytherestaurant.Youknow,withyourevent-planningexperience,youcouldverywellopenyourownshop.（如果你不说，我就会猜是哪家餐馆做的。要知道，凭你的活动策划经验，你完全可以开一家自己的店。）可以得知A）为正确答案。本题的设计采用Yopenyourownshop在具体语境中的同义表达startyourownbakery。大儒诚信教育资源大儒诚信教育资源ConversationTwoM:You'reheadingforacompletelydifferentworld,nowthatyouareabouttograduatefromhighschool.W:Iknowit’stheendofhighschool,butmanyofmyclassmatesaregoingontothesameuniversity，andwearestillrequiredtostudyhard.Sowhat'sthedifference?M:(5)Manyaspectsaredifferenthereatuniversity.Themostimportantoneisthatyouhavetotakemoreindividualresponsibilityforyouractions.Itsuptoyourownself-discipline—howmucheffortyouputintostudy.Livingincollegedormitories,there'renoparentstotellyoutostudyharderorstopwastingtime.Lecturershavehundredsofstudents,andtheyarenotgoingtofollowyouuporquestionyouifyoumisstheirlectures.W:Nobodycares,youmean?M:It'snotthatnobodyisconcernedaboutyou.(6)It'sjustthatsuddenlyatuniversityyouareexpectedtobehavelikeanadult.Thatmeansconcentratingonthedirectionofyourlifeingeneralandyourownacademicperformancespecifically.W:Forexample?M:Well,likeyouneedtomanageyourdaily,weeklyandmonthlyschedul，essothatyou'llstudyregularly.Besuretoattendallclassesandleaveenoughtimetofinishassignmentsandpreparewellforexaminations.W:Okay,andwhatelseisdifferent?M:Well,incollege,there'relotsofdistractionsandyouneedtocontrolyourself.Youwillmakeinterestingfriends,butyouneedonlykeepthefriendswhorespectyourstudentcommitments.(8)Also,therearealotofwonderfulclubs,butyoushouldn'tallocatetoomuchtimetoclubactivities,unlesstheyaredirectlyrelatedtoyourstudy.It'salsoyourchoiceifyouwanttogooutatnight,butyouwouldbefoolishtoletthataffectyourclassperformanceduringtheday.W:Well,I'mdeterminedtodowellinuniversityandIguessIamgoingtohavetogrowupfast.Questions5to8arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.Whatdoesthemansayaboutcollegestudentsascomparedwithhighschoolers?【解析】D。本题的四个选项都是结构相同的完整句子，其共性为“Theyhaveto…”，可以预测提问会涉及到某一些或者某一类人。当听到问题问的是“男士说与高中生相比大学生应该是什么样的？”时，结合所听到的信息Manyaspectsaredifferenthereatuniversity.Themostimportantoneisthatyouhavetotakemoreindividualresponsibilityforyouractions.（在大学里，很多方面都不一样。最重要的是，你必须为自己的行为承担更多的个人责任。）可以得知D）为正确答案。本题的设计采用了takeresponsibilityfor和youractions的同义表达beresponsiblefor和whatyoudo。大儒诚信教育资源大儒诚信教育资源Whatarecollegestudentsexpectedtodoaccordingtotheman?【解析】A。本题的四个选项都是动词性的表达，可以预测会以what…do来提问。当听到问题问的是“据男士所说，大学生应该做什么？”时，结合所听到的信息It’sjustthatsuddenlyatuniversityyouareexpectedtobehavelikeanadult.（只是在大学里，你突然需要表现得像个成年人。）可以得知A）为正确答案。听力材料中用的是anadult表示类别，选项中用的是adults表示类别。Whatkindoffriendsdoesthemansuggestthewomanmakeasacollegestudent?【解析】D。本题的四个选项都是以Thosewho…开头，可以预测提问会涉及到某一类人。当听到问题问的是“男士建议女士在大学期间交什么样的朋友?”时，结合所听到的信息Youwillmakeinterestingfriends,butyouneedonlykeepthefriendswhorespectyourstudentcommitments.（你会交到有趣的朋友，但你只需要交那些尊重你的学生义务的朋友。）可以得知D）为正确答案。本题的设计利用了语篇标记词“but”的转折功能。Whatkindofclubactivitiesshouldcollegestudentsengageinaccordingtotheman?【解析】C。本题的四个选项都是“those+形容词”，可以预测会以whatkind来提问。当听到问题问的是“根据男士的观点，大学生应该参加什么样的社团活动?”时，结合所听到的信息Also,therearealotofwonderfulclubs,butyoushouldntallocatetoomuchtimetoclubactivities,unlesstheyaredirectlyrelatedtoyourstudy.（此夕卜，有很多很棒的社团，但你不应该分配太多的时间到社团活动，除非他们与你的学习直接相关。）可以得知C）为正确答案。本题的设计也利用了语篇标记词“but”的转折功能。选项中的conducive意为“有助于 的”。SectionBPassageOneMostsuccessfulpeopleareunorthodoxpersonswhosemindswanderoutsidetraditionalwaysofthinking.Insteadoftryingtorefineoldformulas,theyinventnewones.WhenJean-ClaudeKillymadetheFrenchNationalSkiTeamintheearly1960s,hewaspreparedtoworkharderthananyoneelsetobethebest.Atthecrackofdawn,hewouldrunuptheslopeswithhisskison—anunbelievablybackbreakingactivity.Intheevening,hewoulddoweightliftingandrunning.Buttheotherteammemberswereworkingashardandlongashewas.Herealizedinstinctivelythatsimplytrainingharderwouldneverbeenough.Killythenbeganchallengingthebasictheoriesofracingtechnique.Eachweekhewouldtrysomethingdifferenttoseeifhecouldfindabetter,faster大儒诚信教育资源大儒诚信教育资源waydownthemountain.(10)Hisexperimentsresultedinanewstylethatwasalmostexactlyoppositetheacceptedtechniqueofthetime.Itinvolvedskiingwithhislegsapartforbetterbalanceandsittingbackontheskiswhenhecametoaturn.Healsousedskipolesinanunorthodoxwaytopropelhimselfasheskied.TheexplosivenewstylehelpedcutKilly'sracingtimedramatically.In1966and1967,hecapturedvirtuallyeverymajorskiingtrophy.(11)Thenextyear,hewonthreegoldmedalsintheWinterOlympics,arecordinskiracingthathasneverbeentopped.Killylearnedanimportantsecretsharedbymanycreativepeople:innovationsdon’trequiregenius,justawillingnesstoquestionthewaythingshavealwaysbeendone.Questions9to11arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.Whatdoesthespeakersayaboutmostsuccessfulpeople?【解析】B。本题的四个选项都是以they开头的完整句子，可以预测会以what来提问某一些人或者某一类人。当听到问题问的是“说话者是怎么描述大多数成功人士的?”时，结合所听至U的信息Mostsuccessfulpeopleareunorthodoxpersonswhosemindswanderoutsidetraditionalwaysofthinking.（大多数成功人士都离经叛道，他们的思想游离于传统思维方式之外。）可以得知B）为正确答案。本题的设计采用Ywanderoutside的同义表达breakawayfrom。WhatdoesthespeakersayaboutKilly'sexperiments?【解析】C。本题的四个选项都是以they开头的完整句子，可以预测会以what来提问某些人或者某些事。当听到问题问的是“说话者是怎么描述Killy的实验的？”时，结合所听到的信息Hisexperimentsresultedinanewstylethatwasalmostexactlyoppositetheacceptedtechniqueofthetime.（他的实验产生了一种与当时公认的技术几乎完全相反的新风格。）可以得知C）为正确答案。本题的设计采用Ynew的同义表达brandnew。WhatissaidtobeKilly'sbiggesthonorinhisskiingcareer?【解析】A。本题的四个选项都是以he开头的完整句子，可以预测会以what来提问某个人（文中的主人公可能性最大）。当听到问题问的是“文章中说到Killy滑雪生涯中最大的荣誉是什么？”时，结合所听到的信息Thenextyear,hewonthreegoldmedalsintheWinterOlympics,arecordinskiracingthathasneverbeentopped.（第二年，他在冬季奥运会上获得了三枚金牌，创下了滑雪比赛的最高纪录。）可以得知A）为正确答案。本题的设计采用了@recordthathasneverbeentopped的同义表达thegreatesthonor。PassageTwo大儒诚信教育资源大儒诚信教育资源Scientificexperimentshavedemonstratedincrediblewaystokillaguineapig,asmallfurryanimal.Emotionalupsetsgeneratepowerfulanddeadlytoxicsubstances.（12）Bloodsamplestakenfrompersonsexperiencingintensefearorangerwheninjectedintoguineapigshavekilledtheminlessthantwominutes.Imaginewhatthesepoisonoussubstancescandotoyourownbody.（13）Everythoughtthatyouhaveaffectsyourbodychemistrywithinasplitsecond.Rememberhowyoufeelwhenyou’respeedingdownthehighwayandabigtrucksuddenlybrakestwentymetersinfrontofyou.Ashockwaveshootsthroughyourwholesystem.Yourmindproducesinstantreactionsinyourbody.Thetoxicsubstancesthatfear,anger,frustrationandstressproducenotonlykillguineapigsbutkillusoffinasimilarmanner.（14）Itisimpossibletobefearful,anxious,irritatedandhealthyatthesametime.Itisnotjustdifficult;itisimpossible.Simplyput,yourbodyshealthisareflectionofyourmentalhealth.Sicknesswilloftenthenbearesultofunresolvedinnerconflictswhichintimeshowupinthebody.Itisalsofascinatinghowoursubconsciousmindshapesourhealth.Doyourecallfallingsickonadaywhenyoudidntwanttogotoschool?Headachesbroughtonbyfear?（15）Themind-bodyconnectionissuchthatif,forexample,wewanttoavoidsomething,veryoftenoursubconsciousmindwillarrangeit.Oncewerecognizethatthesethingshappentous,wearehalfwaytodoingsomethingaboutthem.Questions12to15arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.Whathappenstoguineapigswhenbloodsamplesofangrypeopleareinjectedintothem?【解析】B。本题的四个选项都是以they开头的句子，可以预测很可能会以what来提问并与某些文章讨论的人或者事相关。当听到问题问的是“愤怒的人的血液样本被注射到豚鼠体内时会发生什么？”时，结合所听到的信息Bloodsamplestakenfrompersonsexperiencingintensefearorangerwheninjectedintoguineapigshavekilledtheminlessthantwominutes.（从经历强烈恐惧或愤怒的人身上提取的血液样本被注射到豚鼠体内，不到两分钟就杀死了他们。）可以得知B）为正确答案。本题的设计采用了热口的结果表达die，以及inlessthantwominutes的同义表达instantly。Whatdoesthespeakersayabouteverythoughtyouhave?【解析】D。本题的四个选项都是以it开头的句子，可以预测会以what来提问并涉及到something。当听到问题问的是“说话者对你的每一个想法都说了些什么?”时，结合所听到大儒诚信教育资源大儒诚信教育资源的信息Everythoughtthatyouhaveaffectsyourbodychemistrywithinasplitsecond.（你的每一个想法都会在一瞬间影响你身体的化学反应。）可以得知D）为正确答案。本题的设计采用了affect和withinasplitsecond的同义表达haveaneffect和instant。Whatdoesthespeakersayisimpossible?【解析】A。本题的四个选项都是不定式短语，可以预测会以what或者why来提问。当听到问题问的是“说话者说什么是不可能的?”时，结合所听到的信息Itisimpossibletobefearful,anxious,irritatedandhealthyatthesametime.（恐惧、焦虑、愤怒和健康是不可能同时并存的。）可以得知A）为正确答案。本题的设计将fearful,anxious,irritated用indarkmoods进行了概括。Whatdoesthepassagesayaboutourmindandbody?【解析】B。本题的四个选项都是以they开头的句子，可以预测会以what来提问。当听到问题问的是“关于我们的思想和身体，文章说了什么?”时，结合所听到的信息Themind-bodyconnectionissuchthatif,forexample,wewanttoavoidsomething,veryoftenoursubconsciousmindwillarrangeit.（身心关系十分紧密，例如，如果我们想要避免某件事，我们的潜意识通常会做出安排。）可以得知B）为正确答案。本题的设计采用了connection的动词表达connectoSectionCRecordingOneTeachersandstudentsalikehaveexperiencedthecuriousparadoxthatbeginners,asarule,tendtothinktoolittleaboutwhattheyaredoingbecausetheythinktoomuchaboutwhattheyaredoing.Takeforexample,peoplewhoarelearningtoplaybasketballorthepiano.(16)Theyhavetogivesomuchthoughtandattentiontothelow-levelmechanicsofhandlingtheballorfingeringthekeysorreadingthemusic,thattheyareunabletogiveanythoughttothethingthatmatters—thegame,orthemusic,respectively.Withexperts,it'sjusttheotherwayaround.They'reopentothetacticalpossibilitiesandthemusicalchallengespreciselybecausthey'refreed,throughskill,fromtheneedtopayattentiontothelow-leveldetailsofhowtoplay.Indeed,whentheexpertpaysattentiontothemechanics,thisisliabletodisruptperformance.Thishasledsometosaythattheexpertoperatesinazon“beyondthought,”inastateofflow.Butthisismisleading.Expertperformanceisnotbeyondthought.Smartbasketballplayersorskilledmusiciansneedtopaycloseattentiontothedemandsofhighperformance,tothechallengestobeovercome.Whattheydbntneedtodo—whatwouldbeadistraction-istohavetothinkaboutwheretheirfingersare,orhowtocontroltheballwhilerunning.’Itsnotmechanics,butthe大儒诚信教育资源大儒诚信教育资源playitself,thatabsorbstheexpert’sintelligence.Anicevideopublishedonlinelastmonthshedslightonexpertiseandtheconsciousmind.Thevideoreportsanewstudyusinganeye-trackingdevice.Itturnsoutthattheless-skilledpianistspendsmoretimelookingatherfingersthandoestheexpertwho,incontrast,ismorelikelytobelookingatthesheetmusic,orlookingaheadatkeyshesnotyetplaying.Ingeneral,theexpertsgazewascalmerandmorestable.Thisisnotasurprisingfinding.(18)Itsupportswhatwemightalmostthinkofasconventionalwisdom.Butit'sremarkableforallthat,nonetheless.Theeyetrackergivesexpertandlearningperformersaglimpseintowhattheydowithoutthinkingaboutit.Thetopicofthenatureofskil-andthedifferencesbetweenbeginnersandexperts—hasbeenoneofconsiderablediscussionincognitivescienceandphilosophy.Questions16to18arebasedontherecordingyouhavejustheard.Whatdoesthespeakersayaboutbeginnersandexpertpianists?【解析】D。本题的四个选项都是以they开头的句子，可以预测会以what来提问并涉及到某些人或者事。当听到问题问的是“关于初学者和钢琴专家，说话者说了些什么?”时，结合所听至”的信息Theyhavetogivesomuchthoughtandattentiontothelow-levelmechanicsofhandlingtheballorfingeringthekeysorreadingthemusic,thattheyareunabletogiveanythoughttothethingthatmatters—thegame,orthemusic,respectively.（他们不得不花太多心思和精力在控球、拨弄琴键或阅读乐谱的低级技巧上，以至于他们无法去想那些重要的事情比赛或音乐。）以及Withexperts,it’sjusttheotherwayaround.（对于专家来说，恰恰相反。）可以得知D）为正确答案。本题的设计采用了theotherwayaround的同义表达different。Whatdosmartbasketballplayersdoaccordingtothespeaker?【解析】C。本题的四个选项都是以they开头的句子，可以预测会以what来提问并涉及到某些人或者事。当听到问题问的是“根据说话者所说，聪明的篮球运动员会做什么?”时，结合所听至U的信息Smartbasketballplayersorskilledmusiciansneedtopaycloseattentiontothedemandsofhighperformance,tothechallengestobeovercome.（聪明的篮球运动员或熟练的音乐家需要密切关注对高水平展示的要求以及要迎接的挑战。）可以得知C）为正确答案。本题的设计采用了paycloseattentionto的同义表达attachgreatimportanceto。Whatdowelearnaboutthenewstudypublishedinanonlinevideo?【解析】B。本题的四个选项都是以it开头的句子，可以预测会以what来提问并涉及到某一大儒诚信教育资源大儒诚信教育资源件事情。当听到问题问的是“我们从网上发布的视频中了解到什么？”时，结合所听到的信息Anicevideopublishedonlinelastmonthshedslightonexpertiseandtheconsciousmind.（上个月网上发布的一段不错的视频揭示了专业知识和有意识的思维。 ）以及Itsupportswhatwemightalmostthinkofasconventionalwisdom.（它支持我们几乎可以认为是传统智慧的观点。）可以得知B）为正确答案。RecordingTwoEverysummerwhenItopupmyselectionofsummeroutfitsfromthedepartmentstores,myeyeswouldnearlypopoutofmyhead.’Imoverwhelmedwithawiderangeofdifferentslimmingproductseachyear.Andmoreshockingly,theseproductsareoftenadvocatedbyveryslimmodels.HavinglivedinAsiaforalmost10yearsnow,I’veseenvariousdietingtipscomeandgo.IrememberinJapan,peopleheadingdirectlytothefruitsectioninthesupermarketwhenthebananadietwasatitspeak.Thentherewastheblackteaandoolongteadietfollowedbythesoybeandietandthetomatojuicediet.Thelistgoesonandon.Apartfromwhatpeopleeat,I'vealsoseenmanyinterestingslimmingproducts.（20）InHongKong,I'veseengirlswrappingtheirwholebodyorbothlegsupwithaspecialtypeofslimmingtapewhichissupposedtohelpmakethemthinner.ButitjustremindedmeoftheroastedhammymotherusuallyputsonthedinnertableatChristmas.Thentherewerethefaceslimmingrollersthatweresaidtoimproveyourbloodcirculationandmakeyourfacesmaller.Personally,IdonotbelieveinanyoftheseslimminggadgetsandIthinkIhaveaverydifferentperspectivewhenitcomestothedefinitionofwhatisbeautiful.Asianwomenprefertoavoidthesun,becausebeingpaleorwhiteisconsideredbeautiful,whereasatannedcomplexionisconsideredmuchmorebeautifulandsexyinthewest.（21）Itismostcertainlyshapedbyaperson'scultureaswellashowtheywereraisedintheirchildhood.Aseachsummerseasonapproaches,theresnoescapefromit.Butit'snotonlywomenwhoareaffectedbythispressuretolookgood.MenaspiretobeabletoshowofftheirsixpacksortheirV-shapedbacks,andthere'sagrowingmarketofslimmingpillsaimedatmentoo.Ithinknomatterwhatdietswefolloworwhatslimmingproductsweobsessourselveswith,attheendofthedayther'esnomagictricktoshapeupforthesummer.Eatinabalancedwayandincorporatetherightlevelofphysicalactivity.Forme,thisstillseemstobethebestplan.Questions19to21arebasedontherecordingyouhavejustheard.大儒诚信教育资源大儒诚信教育资源Whatoverwhelmsthespeakerwhenshebuyshersummeroutfitseachyear?【解析】A。本题的四个选项都是名词性的表达，可以预测会以what来提问。当听到问题问的是“当说话者每年购买夏装时，是什么让她不知所措？”时，结合所听到的信息Everysummer,whenItopupmyselectionofsummeroutfitsfromthedepartmentstores,myeyeswouldnearlypopoutofmyhead.Imoverwhelmedwithawiderangeofdifferentslimmingproductseachyear.（每年夏天，当我在百货公司选购夏装时，我几乎是大跌眼镜。每年，各种各样的减肥产品让我眼花缭乱。）可以得知A）为正确答案。本题的设计采用了awiderangeof的同义表达thegreatvarietyof。Whatdoesthespeakerthinkofgirlswrappingtheirlegsupwithslimmingtape?【解析】D。本题的四个选项都是以they开头的完整句子，可以预测会以what来提问并涉及到某些人或者事。当听到问题问的是'说话者对女孩们用减肥胶带包裹她们的腿有什么看法?”时，结合所听到的信息InHongKong,I’veseengirlswrappingtheirwholebodyorbothlegsupwithaspecialtypeofslimmingtapewhichissupposedtohelpmakethemthinner.ButitjustremindedmeoftheroastedhammymotherusuallyputsonthedinnertableatChristmas.（在香港，我曾见过一些女孩用一种特殊的减肥胶带包裹全身或双腿，据说这种胶带能让她们瘦身。但这让我想起了妈妈通常在圣诞节时备放在餐桌上的烤火腿。）可以得知D）为正确答案。本题的设计利用了but这一语篇标记词的转折功能。本题的解题需要通过but后面的信息推断出strange。Whatdoesthespeakerthinkaffectspeople’sinterpretationofbeauty?【解析】C。本题的四个选项都是名词性的表达，可以预测会以what来提问。当听到问题问的是“说话者认为什么会影响人们对美的理解?”时，结合所听到的信息Itismostcertainlyshapedbyaperson'scultureaswellashowtheywereraisedintheirchildhood.（它肯定是由一个人的文化以及他们在童年时的成长方式所塑造的。）可以得知C）为正确答案。本题的设计采用了howtheywereraisedintheirchildhood的同义表达upbringing。RecordingThreeSkinmayseemlikeasuperficialhumanattribute,butit'sthefirstthingwenoticeaboutanyonewemeet.Asazoologistfocusingonthestudiesofapesandmonkeys,I'vebeenstudyingwhyhumansevolvedtobecomethenakedape,and(22)whyskincomesinsomanydifferentshadesaroundtheworld.Wecanmakeaverygoodestimatefromthefossilrecordthathumansprobablyevolvednakedskinaround1.5millionyearsago,andmeanwhiletheymostlylosttheircoatoffur.Todaywehaveafewpatchesofhairremainingonvariouspartsofourbodies.But大儒诚信教育资源大儒诚信教育资源comparedwithapesandmonkeys,wehaveverylittle.（22）（24）Basically,weturnedourskindarkertoserveasanaturalsunprotectorintheplaceofthehairwelost.Wethinkwelostthishairbecauseoftheneedtokeepourselvescoolwhenweweremovingaroundvigorouslyinahotenvironment.Weca’treallyloseheatbybreathingquicklyandloudlylikedogs.Wehavetodoitbysweating.Soweevolvedtheabilitytosweatplentifullyandlostmostofourfur.Mostanimalsprotectthemselvesfromthesunwithfur.Whatwedidinourancestrywastoproducemorepermanentnaturalcoloringinourskincells.Thiswasreallyanimportantrevolutioninhumanhistorybecauseitallowedustocontinuetoevolveinequatorialenvironments.ItreallymadeitpossibleforustocontinuealonthepathtowardmodernhumansinAfrica.（22）Formostofhumanhistory,weallhaddarkskin.Whatweseetodayistheproductofevolutionaryevents,resultingfromthedispersalofafewhumanpopulationsoutofAfricaaround60,000to70,000yearsago.Ourspeciesoriginatedaround200,000yearsagoandunderwenttremendousdiversification,culturally,technologically,linguistically,artistically—for130,000years.（25）Afterthat,afewsmallpopulationsleftAfricatopopulatetherestoftheworld.TheseearlyancestorsofmodernEurasiansdispersedintopartsoftheworldthathadmoreseasonalsunshineandmuchlowerlevelsofsunradiation.’tsinthesepopulationsthatwebegintoseerealchangesinthegeneticmakeupofnaturalcoloring.Today,skincolorisevolvingvianewmixturesofpeoplecomingtogetherandhavingchildrenwithnewmixturesofskincolorgenes.Wecanseethisinalmosteverylargecityworldwide.Notonlythecoloringgenesbutlotsofothergenesaregettingmixedup,too.Questions22to25arebasedontherecordingyouhavejustheard.Whatdoesthespeakermainlytalkabout?【解析】D。本题的四个选项都是名词性的表达，可以预测会以what来提问。当听到问题问的是“说话者主要谈论什么？”时，结合所听到的信息whyskincomesinsomanydifferentshadesaroundtheworld（第一段）（为什么世界各地的皮肤有这么多不同的色调）、Basically,weturnedourskindarkertoserveasanaturalsunprotectorintheplaceofthehairwe10st.（第二段）（基本上，我们把皮肤变黑作为一种天然的防晒品来代替我们失去的毛发。）、Formostofhumanhistory,weallhaddarkskin.（第三段）（在人类历史的大部分时间里，我们都是黑皮肤。）和Today,skincolorisevolvingvianewmixturesofpeoplecomingtogetherandhavingchildrenwithnewmixturesofskincolorgenes.（今天，肤色通过新的混合人群进化，这些人聚集在一起，他们的孩子拥有新的混合的肤色基因。）（第四段）时可以得知D）为正确答案。本题具有一定的难度，因为需要进行高度的概括。不过如果通过高频率的skin以及与color相关的表达的复现来判断就会降低难度。大儒诚信教育资源大儒诚信教育资源Whathadprobablycausedhumanstolosemostoftheirhair1.5millionyearsago?【解析】C。本题的四个选项都是名词性的表达，可以预测会以what来提问。当听到问题问的是“150万年前是什么可能导致人类失去了大部分毛发?”时，结合所听到的信息Wethinkwelostthishairbecauseoftheneedtokeepourselvescoolwhenweweremovingaroundvigorouslyinahotenvironment.（我们认为我们掉了毛发是因为需要在炎热的环境中保持身体凉爽。）可以得知C）为正确答案。Whatdoesthespeakersayprotectedearlyhumansfromthesun?【解析】B。本题的四个选项都是名词性的表达，可以预测会以what来提问。当听到问题问的是“说话者说是什么保护早期人类免受太阳照射?”时，结合所听到的信息Basically,weturnedourskindarkertoserveasanaturalsunprotectorintheplaceofthehairwelost.（基本上，我们把皮肤变黑作为一种天然的防晒品来代替我们失去的毛发。）可以得知B）为正确答案。WhathappenedafterhumansmigratedfromAfricatootherpartsoftheworld?【解析】A。本题的四个选项都是以their开头的完整句子，可以预测会以what来提问并涉及到录音中谈及的某些人。当听到问题问的是“人类从非洲迁移到世界其他地方后发生了什么？”时，结合所听到的信息Afterthat,afewsmallpopulationsleftAfricatopopulatetherestoftheworld.TheseearlyancestorsofmodernEurasiansdispersedintopartsoftheworldthathadmoreseasonalsunshineandmuchlowerlevelsofsunradiation.It’sinthesepopulationsthatwebegintoseerealchangesinthegeneticmakeupofnaturalcoloring.（在那之后，少数人离开非洲，移居世界其他地方。这些现代欧亚混血儿的早期祖先分散在世界各地，那里有更多的季节性日照和更低的太阳辐射水平。正是在这些种群中，我们开始看到天然色素基因构成的真正变化。）可以得知A）为正确答案。本题的设计采用了begintoseerealchangesinthegeneticmakeup的同义表达theirgeneticmakeupbegantochange。PartIIlReadingComprehensionSectionA【译文】在一项新的研究报告指出碳水化合物可以成为健康饮食的一部分，甚至可以帮助人们减肥之后，意大利面已经不再被健康菜单排除在外了。多年来，营养学家一直建议将意大利面控制在最低限度，以减少热量，防止脂肪堆积以及血糖激增。大儒诚信教育资源大儒诚信教育资源低碳水化合物食物运动催生了Atkins、Paleo和Keto等饮食方法，这些饮食方法建议用蔬菜、鱼和肉来代替面包、意大利面和土豆等食物。最近，用蔬菜代替意大利面条的趋势得到了清洁饮食专家的支持。但现在，加拿大研究人员对30项研究进行了系统的回顾与分析，发现意大利面不仅不会导致体重增加，而且一周食用三次可以帮助人们在四个月内减掉半公斤以上的体重。研究者发现意大利面被不公平地妖魔化了，因为人们将它与其他更容易导致肥胖的碳水化合物混为一谈。研究报告的主要作者约翰•西文派珀博士说：”研究发现，意大利面不会导致体重增加或体脂上升。通过权衡这些证据，我们现在可以比较自信地说，把意大利面作为健康饮食模式的一部分，不会对体重产生负面影响。”事实上，分析显示体重反而有小幅度减轻。因此，与人们的担忧相反，也许意大利面可以成为健康饮食的一部分。参与临床试验的人平均每周吃3.3份意大利面而不是其他碳水化合物，其中一份意大利面相当于半杯左右。他们在平均12周的时间里减重约半公斤。【解析】I。最低限度，最小量。由于空前是不定冠词a,本空需要填一个名词。因此，只能在minimum（最低限度，最小量），ration（