句子成分分析

千里之行，始于足下让知识带有温度。第第2页/共2页精品文档推荐句子成分分析

【教材原句】HecouldnothaveYongHuigettingawaywithtellingpeoplelies！(P10)

他可不能让雍慧欺骗人们却不受惩处！

【句法分析】(1)havesb.doing意为“允许某人做某事”时，常用于否定句中；意为“使某人做某事”时，多用于绝对句中。

(2)havesb.do让某人做某事。

(3)havesth.todo有事要做。

(4)havesth.done让某人做某事

①Ican?thaveyouspeakingtoyourmotherinarudemanner.Youmustapologizetoherimmediately.

我不允许你用那种粗鲁的方式跟你的妈妈说话。你必需立即向她赔礼。

③TheteacherhadhisstudentsreadEnglisheverymorningforhalfanhour.

这位教师让他的同学天天早上读半个小时的英语。

课堂练习

1.Nochocolateforme—I?m______adiet.

A.at

B.in

C.on

D.with

2.Thechildsaidthathehad______thepenonthedesk,butIthoughthe______tome.

A.laid;lied

B.lain;lie

C.lied;lain

D.lied;lied

3.Mybrotherisonaspecial______tolose______weight.

A.food;/

B.food;his

C.diet;/

D.diet;his

4.Therearelotsof______inmybookshop.

A.visitors

B.guests

C.customers

D.passengers

5.Onemayneverknowthe______ofknowledgewithoutbeingeducated.

A.power

B.force

C.energy

D.strength

6.Idon?tknowhowhemanagedto______cheatingintheexam.

A.getawaywith

B.getawayfrom

C.getoutof

D.getbehindwith

7.Youcouldhaveseenfromhisfacethathehad______toyou.

A.lied

B.lay

C.laid

D.lain

8.Istruggledto______onmynewskates.

A.keepmybalance

B.offbalance

C.losemybalance

D.onbalance

9.Mymotherboughtanewskirtformeata______yesterday.

A.discount

B.bargain

C.pay

D.cost

10.Thechildshowscuriosity______everythingaroundhim.

A.of

B.on

C.about

D.at

11.Theexpertsconsulted______eachother______howtoreducethelosscausedbytheearthquakeinSichuan.

A.with;about

B.to;on

C.for;at

D.with;with

12.Ifyourknowledgecanbeinsomeway______withmyexperience,wearesuretosucceed.

A.joined

B.connected

C.united

Dbined

13.Whyareyouspying______meallthetime?Whatdoyouwanttospy______?

A.on;out

B.for;for

C.on;for

D.on;on

14.Aftertenyearsofhardwork,theyatlastgot______.

A.outofdebt

B.intodebt

C.indebt

D.outofdebts

15.Harryhasbeenoutworkforsixmonths,sohehasdifficult______.

A.earninglivings

B.earninghisliving

C.toearnlivings

D.toearnhisliving

16.Iparkedmycarrightherebutnowit…sgone.It______.

A.mustbestolen

B.maybestolen

C.musthavestolen

D.musthavebeenstolen

17.He______theworkyesterday,buthedidn…t.

A.musthavefinished

B.needfinish

C.finished

D.shouldhavefinished

18.Hedidnotpasstheexamination.Asagoodstudent,he______.

A.mustn…thavefailed

B.maynothavefailed

C.needn…thavefailed

D.shouldn'thavefailed

19.Mysister?sprofessorhadher________herpapermanytimesbeforeallowinghertopresentittothecommittee.

A.rewritten

B.towrite

C.rewrite

D.rewriting

20.Theyaregoingtohavetheserviceman_____anelectricfanintheofficetomorrow.

A.install

B.toinstall

C.tobeinstalled

D.installed

21.Sheisgoingtothephotographer?s_________.

A.totakeherphotograph

B.tohavetakenherphotograph

C.tohaveherphotographtaken

D.thathetakesherphotograph

22.They?llhaveyou________ifyoudon?tpayyourtaxes.

A.Tobearrested

B.arrest

C.arrested

D.beingarrested

23.JennyhopesthatMr.SmithwillsuggestagoodwaytohaveherwrittenEnglish_____inashortperiod.

A.improved

B.improving

C.toimprove

D.improve

24.DidPeterfixthecomputerhimself?

He_______,becausehedoesn?tknowmuchaboutcomputers.

A.hasitfixed

B.hadfixedit

C.haditfixed

D.fixedit

25.“Ican?tseetheblackboardverywell.”

“Perhapsyouneed______.”

A.toexamineyoureyes

B.tohaveyoureyesexamined

C.tohaveexaminedyoureyes

D.tobeexaminedyoureyes

26.Whodidtheteacherhave____anarticleforthewallnewspaperjustnow?

A.writing

B.write

C.towrite

D.written

27.“Doyouhaveanyclothes_______”,motheraskedJohn.

A．washB.washesC.towashD.tobewashed

28.Mymothercomplained:“mymotherdidn?thaveme__________afterteno?clock.”

A．returnhomeB.returninghomeC.toreturnhomeD.returnedhome

MembersofaSentence

（一）句子成分分析主语，谓语，表语，宾语

按照英语词汇在英语句子中的地位和作用,英语句子的成分可分为主语、谓语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语、定语、状语、同位语及自立成分等。其中，主语和谓语是句子的主要成分，普通状况下，一个句子不能缺少这两种成分。

1.主语subject：表示句子所要说明或描述的人或事物，普通由_____、________或相当于名词的词组或句子充当，置于________。如：

Duringthe1990s,Americancountrymusichasbecomemoreandmorepopular.（名词）WeoftenspeakEnglishinclass.（代词）

Toswimintheriverisagreatpleasure.（不定式）

Smokingdoesharmtothehealth.（动名词）

Therichshouldhelpthepoor.（名词化的形容词）

WhenwearegoingtohaveanEnglishtesthasnotbeendecided.（主语从句）

Itisnecessarytomasteraforeignlanguage.（it作形式主语，真正主语为后面的不定式）2.谓语predicate：说明或描述主语的动作、状态或特征，由________或动词短语充当，是英语时态、语态变化的主角，位于主语之后.助动词或情态动词加其他动词的适当形式也构成谓语动词。如：

1、容易谓语：由一个动词或动词短语构成。如：Hepracticesrunningeverymorning.

2、复合谓语：（1）由情态动词或其他助动词加动词原形构成。

如：Youmaykeepthebookfortwoweeks.Hehascaughtabadcold.

（2）由系动词加表语构成。如：Wearestudents.

3.表语predicative：表示主语的身份、性质、状态和特征，普通由_______、__________、或相当于名词、形容词的词、短语或句子充当，位于________动词之后，与连系动词一起构成句子的谓语。如：

OurteacherofEnglishisanAmerican.（名词）

Isityours?（代词）

Theweatherhasturnedcold.（形容词）

Thespeechisexciting.（分词）

Threetimessevenistwentyone?（数词）

HisjobistoteachEnglish.（不定式）

Hishobby（兴趣）isplayingfootball.（动名词）

Themachinemustbeoutoforder.（介词短语）

Timeisup.Theclassisover.（副词）

Thetruthisthathehasneverbeenabroad.（表语从句）

4.宾语object：指动作所涉及的人或事物，是动作的承受者。普通由名词、代词或相当于名词的词组或句子充当，位于________之后。如：

Theywenttoseeanexhibition（展览）yesterday.（名词）

Theheavyrainpreventedmeformcomingtoschoolontime.（代词）

Howmanydictionariesdoyouhave?Ihavefive.（数词）

Theyhelpedtheoldwiththeirhouseworkyesterday.（名词化形容词）

Hepretendednottoseeme.（不定式短语）

Ienjoylisteningtopopularmusic.（动名词短语）

Ithink（that）heisfitforhisoffice.（宾语从句）

宾语又分为__________宾语和___________宾语。普通而言，_______宾语代表人，而_______宾语指代物。可接双宾语的常见动词有：ask,answer,give,offer,send,bring,pass,tell,show,teach,promise,lend

MotherboughtmeaVCR.=MotherboughtaVCRforme.

主语谓语间宾直宾主语谓语直宾间宾

Lendmeyourdictionary,please.

（二）容易句的五种基本句型

1、主语+系动词+表语：e.g.Heisastudent.

2、主语+不及物动词：e.g.Wework.

3、主语+及物动词+宾语：e.g.Henryboughtadictionary.

4、主语+及物动词+双宾语（间接宾语+直接宾语）：e.g.Myfatherboughtmeacar.

5、主语+及物动词+复合宾语（宾语+宾补）：e.g.Tommadethebabylaugh.

注：其他各种句子都可由这一种基本句型扩展、变化或省略而构成。

分析下列句子成分

1.Whetherwe’llgodependsontheweather.

2.DidyouseeLiMingplayingfootballontheplaygroundjustnow?

3.Thatwashowtheyweredefeated.

4.Thatthedrivercouldnotcontrolhiscarwasobvious.

5.I’llreturnthebooktoyoutomorrow.

挑选填空：

1.____willleaveforBeijing.

A.Nowtheretheman

B.Themanherenow

C.Themanwhoisherenow

D.Themanisherenow

2.Theweather____.

A.wetandcold

B.iswetandcold

C.notwetandcold

D.werewetandcold

3.Theappletasted____.

A.sweets

B.sweetly

C.nicely

D.sweet