kkk-ap风机的运行维护手册(中英文对照)8p

OperatingandMaintenanceManualforFansTypeKK&KKK&K风机的运行和维护手册Type: 类型：CKPF-Job-No.: 工作号：Machine-No.: 设备号：Application: 应用：Yearofdesign: 设计年份：ClientNo.: 客户号Plant: 厂家：PlantLocation: 厂家地址：ChengduKK&KPowerFanCo.Ltd.成都KK&K电站风机有限公司610041ChangyiRoad12610041长益路12WuhouDistrictChengduCity成都市武侯区SichuanProvince四川省 Tel. +86… Fax +86…ThisinstructionisexclusivepropertyofChengduKK&KPowerFanCo.Ltd.Availabilityislimitedtosupervisorsorservicepersonnel.Surrendertooraccessbythirdpersons,aswellasduplicationoftheplantinitsentiretyorinpartsisprohibited.Wereservetherighttoclaimforfullreimbursementofalldamagesresultingformnon-compliance.Wemustpointoutthattheseoperatinginstructionscannotalwayscovereveryeventualitycompletely.Accordinglytheydonotfreetheoperatorfromtheusualresponsibilitywhenoperatingtechnicalequipmentalsoinrespectsofhealth,safetyandenvironmentalprotection.Itisassumedthattheoperationpersonnelhasbeeninstructedandknowshowtoruntheplant.Noclaimsofanykindmaybederivedfromtheseoperating&maintenanceinstructions.该说明书版权为成都KK&K所有。仅限管理和服务人员使用。不允许第三方使用、完全或部分拷贝该说明书。我方保留索赔权。我们需要指出这些运行操作说明书不能包括所有的不可预测的情况。因此在操作时，还应警示个人健康，安全，以及对环境的保护等。本说明书供组装、运行、维护人员认真阅读，严格遵循，风机的组装和维护工作必须由专业人员承担。操作人员需要掌握如何操作这些设备。

目录TOC\o"1-3"\u1. Operatingdata运行参数 61.1. Pressureindications压力指示 61.2. Operatingconditions运行条件 61.3. Limitationstooperatingdata运行参数限制 61.4. Performancegraph性能曲线 71.5. Startingtorquesandmassmomentofinertia启动力矩和转动惯量 81.6. Acoustics声学 82. Descriptions简介 92.1. Fluidiceffect(1-stage)工作原理（单级） 92.2. Fluidiceffect(2-stage)工作原理（双级） 92.3. Descriptionofthefan风机（部件）简介 9 Statorcomponents静止件 10 Rotor(1-stage)转子（单级） \h11 Rotor(2-stage)转子（双级） 11 Impeller(1-stage,withcounterweights)叶轮（单级，带平衡锤） 11 Impeller(2-stage,withcounterweights)叶轮（双级，带平衡锤） 11 Impeller(1-stage,withoutcounterweights)叶轮（单级，不带平衡锤） 11 Impeller(2-stage,withoutcounterweights)叶轮（双级，不带平衡锤） 12 Bladeadjustment叶片调节 122.3.9. Bladebearings叶片轴承 13 Shaft(1-stage)主轴（单级） 13 Shaft(2-stage)主轴（双级） 13 Servomotor(1-stage)伺服马达（单级） 132.3.13. Servomotor(2-stage)伺服马达（双级） 13 Controlhead控制头 13 Adjustingpiston油缸 13 Adjustingdisc(1-stage)调节盘（单级） 14 Adjustingdisc(2-stage)调节盘（双级） 14 Rotorbearings(antifrictionbearing)主轴承（滚动轴承） 14 Rotorbearings(sleevebearing)主轴承（滑动轴承） 14 Accessories附件 153. Operation/运行 163.1. Technicalplantrequirements技术设备要求 16 Operatingrange工作运行区域 16 Security安全 PAGERE17 Adjustment调节 193.2. Priortotestrun/commissioning/overhauls试运转前期/试运转/检查 213.3. Testrun试运行 223.4. Startingup启动 .5. Shuttingdown关机 243.6. Monitoringduringoperation运行监控 244. Maintenance维护 264.1. Duringoperation风机运行期间 264.2. Oilmaintenance油系统维护 264.3. Maintenanceintervals&scope计划停机（检修）维护 27 Fan壳体 27 Impeller叶轮 28 Servomotor伺服马达 29 Mainbearings主轴承 29 Adjustmentdevice调节装置 304.4. Unscheduledstoppage非计划停机维护 304.5. Weardata(ID/FGDfanonly)磨损数据（仅适用于引风机/增压风机） 315. Assembly组装 325.1. Fan风机 34 Preparation准备 34 Checks检查 34 Assembly组装 34 Connections连接 35 Functiontests功能测试 355.2. Seals,partssubjecttowear密封件和易损件的拆装 365.3. Rotor转子 36 Liftingoffthehousingcomponents机壳部分的起吊 36 Disconnection拆卸 37 Removingrotorblades拆卸动叶片 38 Rotorremoval转子的拆卸 38 Fittingtherotor组装转子 38 Fittingrotorblades动叶片组装 38 SecuringtheConnections连接保护 385.3.8. Fittingthehousingcomponents壳体部件的组装 395.4. Impeller叶轮 40 Removalofrotor转子拆卸 40 Blade-bearingremoval叶片轴承的拆卸 40 Disassemblyoftheadjustinglever曲柄的拆卸 41 Assemblyofadjustinglever曲柄的组装 41 Assemblyofbladebearing叶片轴承的组装 425.5. Rotorblades动叶片 45 Removal拆卸 45 Fitting组装 455.6. Servomotor伺服马达 48 Removalfromtheimpeller从叶轮上拆卸 PAGEREF_To48 Fittingtotheimpeller组装到叶轮上 495.7. Adjustingdisc(1-stage)调节盘（单级） 49 Disassembly拆卸 49 Assembly组装 .8. Adjustingdisc(2-stage)调节盘（双级） 49 Disassembly拆卸 49 Assembly组装 515.9. Mainbearings(antifrictionbearing)主轴承（滚动轴承） PAGEREF51 Disassembly拆卸 51 Assembly组装 525.10. Mainbearing(sleevebearing)主轴承（滑动轴承） 55 Disassembly拆卸 55 Assembly组装 565.11. Shaftseals轴封： 57 Disassembly拆卸 57 Assembly组装 575.12. Notesonthecoupling联轴器提示 PA595.13. Hydraulicassemblyshaft/impeller液压组装主轴与叶轮 59 Methodofoperation操作方法 59 Installationdevices组装设备 59 Disassembly拆卸 60 Assembly组装 615.14. Cooling/sealingairsystem(IDfanonly)冷却/密封空气系统（仅用于引风机） 64 Sealingair密封空气 64 Coolingair冷却空气 655.15. Connectionofthepipes管道连接 656. Transportation运输 677. Lubrication润滑 687.1. General概述 687.2. Mainbearingandservomotor主轴承和伺服马达用油 68 Requiredproperties要求特性 68 Oilcare润滑油警示事项 69 Oilsystem油系统 70 Oilfilling注油 70 Changingtheoil换油 71 Documentationoflubrication润滑油记录文档 727.3. Bladebearings叶片轴承用油 727.3.1. Requiredproperties要求特性 728. SpareParts备件 748.1. Stocks库存 74 Availability建议存储的备件 74 Wear,malfunctions磨损、故障 PAGE748.2. Ordering订货 768.3. Storage贮存 769. Preservation保存 789.1. Note说明 789.2. Interruptionofinstallation组装间歇期的防护 789.3. Standstill停机时的防护 799.4. Priortocommissioning试运行之前 8110. Malfunctionanalysis故障分析 8210.1. Vibration振动 8210.2. Bearingtemperature轴承温度 8210.3. Oiltemperature油温 8310.4. Oilpressure油压 8310.5. Oilcondition油况 8410.6. Oillevel油位 8410.7. Bearingleaking轴承泄漏 8410.8. Bearingcondition轴承状态 8510.9. Wear磨损 8510.10. Powercontrol动力控制 \h8610.11. Bladebearingblocked叶片轴承卡滞 86

Operatingdata运行参数Pressureindications单位说明Pressuresindicatedinbarand/ormbararegaugepressures.Pressuresindicatedin“abs”areabsolutepressures.单位为bar或mbar的压力为表压力，单位为abs的压力值为绝对压力。Operatingconditions 运行条件Description描述Customersmachineno.用户设备编号CKPFmachineno.CKPF设备编号Fantype风机型号Axialfanwithadjustableblades动叶可调轴流风机FanSize风机尺寸Dimension尺寸Fluid介质Ambientair当地大气压Load负荷Design设计Volumeat0°Cand1,013bar标态流量Nm3/minVolumeatfaninlet实际入口流量m3/sTemperatureatinletfan入口温度°CStructuraldesigntemperature设计温度°CPressureatfaninlet入口压力mbarabsDensityatfaninlet入口密度kg/m3Totalpressurerise风机全压mbarFanspeed风机转速1/minMotorspeed电机转速1/minAbsorbedpoweratmotorcoupling电机输出功率kWInstallednominalmotorpower电机额定功率kWPerformancegraph性能曲线no.PG…Acousticdata声学数据no.AC…Startingtorques启动扭矩no.ST…Massmomentofinertia转动惯量Kgm2Limitationstooperatingdata 运行参数限制 DANGER!警示Thefanorpartsandallpartsofthefanarespecificallydesignedbasedoninformationsuppliedbythecustomer.Ifinthecourseoftimeanychangestothisinformationtakeplaceorareplanned,theseshouldbecheckedwithCKPFtoensurethattheyarepermissible.风机及配件是按用户提供的参数资料进行专门选型设计的，若参数改变，应由CKPF检验校核以确认其可行性。MotorspeedFluctuationsinthepower-supplyfrequencymustnotcausethespeedofthedrivemotortoexceedtherpmfigurespecifiedintheoperatingdatabymorethan2%.电机转速 电源频率的波动导致转速的波动不能超过运行数据规定的2%。MotorpowerThepermissiblemotorpowermayexceedthepowerrequiredatthefanshaftindicatedintheoperatingdatabymax.15%.电机功率 电动机安全的功率余量应至少大于风机运行工况下轴功率的15%。Gastemperature Theadmissiblegastemperaturemeasuredatthefanintake气流温度 风机入口气流温度mustnotexceedamaximumof…°Cpermanently 最大不能长时间超过（）℃maybeatamaximumof...°Cforashorttimeformax.minutes.或（）℃时最长不得超过（）分钟。IMPORTANT!重要Incaseofexceedingtheselimitsplease若超过上述限制要求checkthefanfordamage检查风机的损害andcontactCKPF并联系CKPFOperatingpoints Thefanmayonlybeoperatedforbriefperiodswithaninsufficientvolumeflow.Thelimitismentionedintheattachedperformancegraph.运行点 风机尽量避免在不稳定区运行。此区域在特性曲线图上可以查到。IMPORTANT!重要Lowvolumeoperationoveralongerperiodcancauseoverheatofthefan.Thisshouldbeavoided.风机若长时间在低流量运行会导致过热，应避免。IMPORTANT!重要Thefanmustnotbeoperatedabovethesurgelimit.Thelimitismentionedintheattachedperformancegraph.不允许风机在失速喘振区域运行，此区域在特性曲线图上可以查到。IMPORTANT!重要Theoperationofthefanabovethesurgelimitstrainsblades,otherfanparts,plantcomponentsextremely.Impactsandvibrationcancauseheavydamagetoallpartsofthefanandtheplant.Thisshouldbeavoided.若风机在失速喘振区域运行会导致动叶和其它机件重大损坏、撞击和振动导致更大的系统设备事故，应避免。Performancegraph性能曲线(tobeinsertedhere)（由此插入）Startingtorquesandmassmomentofinertia启动扭矩和转动惯量(tobeinsertedhere)（此处插入）Acoustics声学特性(tobeinsertedhere)（此处插入）

Descriptions简介Fluidiceffect(1-stage)工作原理（单级）Onenteringthedirectionoftheflowisalteredinthesuctionbend,acceleratedbyanozzleanddirectedintotheimpeller.气流由系统管道流入风机进气箱后改变方向，经集流器收敛加速后流向叶轮。Intheimpellertheaxially-directedflowbecomescircumferentialandisaccelerated.Thepitchangleoftherotorbladesisinfinitelyvariableduringoperation.Theadjustmenthastheeffectofchangingthevolumeflow.电动机带动叶轮对气流作功，动叶的工作角度与叶栅距可无级调节，由此改变风量、风压满足工况变化需求。Aftertheimpellertheguidevanes(outletguide-vaneunit)redirecttheflowinanaxialdirection,thusincreasingthepressure(reaction-typefan).气流由轴向运动经叶轮作功后变为螺旋运动，流出的气流经后导叶导向转为轴向流动。Inthediffusorthekineticenergyisthenconvertedintostaticpressure.再经扩压器，将部分动能转换成静压能，流至系统满足运行要求。Fluidiceffect(2-stage)工作原理（双级）Onenteringthedirectionoftheflowisalteredinthesuctionbend,acceleratedbyanozzleanddirectedintotheimpeller.气流由系统管道流入风机进气箱后改变方向，经集流器收敛加速后流向叶轮。Intheimpellertheaxially-directedflowbecomescircumferentialandisaccelerated.Thepitchangleoftherotorbladesisinfinitelyvariableduringoperation.Theadjustmenthastheeffectofchangingthevolumeflow.电动机带动叶轮对气流作功，动叶的工作角度与叶栅距可无级调节，由此可改变风量、风压满足工况变化需求。Aftertheimpellertheguidevanes(outletguide-vaneunit)redirecttheflowinanaxialdirection,thusincreasingthepressure(reaction-typefan).气流由轴向运动经叶轮作功后变为螺旋运动，流出的气流经后导叶转为轴向流动。Inthesecondstagepressureisfurtherincreased.在第二级叶轮处压力进一步增加。Thepitchangleoftherotorbladesinbothstagesisadjustedsynchronously.两级叶轮的叶片角度同时调整。 Inthediffusorthekineticenergyisthenconvertedintostaticpressure.再经扩压器，将部分动能转换成静压能，流至系统满足运行要求。Descriptionofthefan风机（部件）简介Seeninthedirectionoftheflowthe1-stagefanconsistsofthefollowingcomponents… ?Suctionbendwithshaftprotectiontube ?Fanhousingwithflowhub?Guidevanehousing?Rotorwithbearing(intheflowhub)?Diffuser从气流方向看，单级风机由以下部件组成…带护轴管的进气箱带整流罩的机壳装配后导叶装配主轴承装配（在整流罩中）扩压器Seeninthedirectionoftheflowthe2-stagefanconsistsofthefollowingcomponents…?Suctionbendwithshaftprotectiontubeandflowhub?Fanhousing?Rotorwithbearing(incoreoffanhousing)?Guidevanehousing?Diffuser从气流方向看，双级风机由以下部件组成…带护轴管和整流罩的进气箱机壳装配主轴承装配（在整流罩中）后导叶装配扩压器Thestructureismadeclearbytheaccompanyingsectionaldrawing.结构详见附图。Statorcomponents定子部件 Statorcomponentsaresuctionbend,fanhousing,guidevanehousinganddiffusor.定子部件分为进气箱，机壳装配，后导叶装配和扩压器。General Thestatorcomponentsareweldedstructuresmadeofevenrolledsheetingreinforcedwithribsandflanges.Theprocessofweldingthemtogetherisnotcompleteduntilthestageofon-siteassembly.概述 定子部件由焊接了加强筋板和法兰的壳体铆焊件构成，到组装时再将其焊接或组合在一起。Suctionbend Thesuctionbendhasarectangularinletcross-section.Ithasanaccessdooronthefront.Thebasefasteningsareslidingsupports,whenthefanexpandsonheatingtheycanmoveonthefoundation.进气箱 进气箱入口截面为矩形，在前端面带人孔门，当风机热胀冷缩时，基础可适量滑动，抵消热膨胀量。Fanhousing 1-stage:Thefanhousingishorizontallysplit.机壳装配单级：中分剖分。 2-stage:Thefanhousingishorizontallysplit.Theguidevanes ofthefirstimpellerstageareweldedin. 双级：中分剖分。第一级叶轮的后导叶焊接。Guidevanehousing 1-stage:Theguidevanehousingishorizontallysplit.Theguide后导叶装配 vanesareweldedinplace. 单级：中分剖分，后导叶焊接。 2-stage:Thestatorhousingishorizontallysplit.Theguide vanesofthesecondimpellerstageareweldedin. 双级：定子壳体中分剖分，2级后导叶焊接。Diffuser Thereisadoorinthediffusorcorepermittingaccessfromthedischargepipe.扩压器芯筒带人孔门，允许人从出口管路进入其中。Rotor(1-stage) 转子（单级）Therotorconsistsoftheimpeller,theshaftandtheservomotor.Theshafthasapintoengagewiththecouplinghub.单级风机的转子包括叶轮、主轴、伺服马达。主轴通过键与联轴器轮毂联接。Rotor(2-stage)转子（双级）Therotorconsistsoftheimpeller,theshaft,theservomotorandtheadjustingrodwithadjustingdisc.Thefirst-stageimpellerhasadrivediscforthecouplinghub.双级风机的转子包括叶轮、主轴、伺服马达、带调节盘的芯轴。第一级叶轮由驱动盘（中介环）和联轴器连接。Impeller(1-stage,withcounterweights)叶轮（单级，带平衡锤）Theimpellerisoverhung.Theimpellerhubisaweldedstructure.Theforgedbodyaccommodatesthebladebearings.Itisconnectedtotheshaftwithahubdisc.Thehubdiscisattachedtotheshaftwithataperpressfit.叶轮为悬臂式、焊接件。叶片轴承组装在叶轮毂体内，叶轮毂通过毂盘与主轴联接，毂盘由圆锥面过盈配合联接固定到主轴上。Therestoringmomentsofthebladesaregeneratedbytherotatingmassofthebladingandtheairforces.Forapartialcompensationoftherestoringmomentscompensatingweightsareattachedtothebladeshaftwhichgeneratesamomentreactingtotherestoringmomentoftheblades.叶片回复力矩由叶片的旋转质量和气体压力产生。作为回复力矩的部分补偿，组装在叶片轴上的平衡锤能产生一个力矩来抵消叶片产生的回复力矩。Impeller(2-stage,withcounterweights)叶轮（双级，带平衡锤） Theimpellerisoverhung.Theimpellerhubsareweldedstructures.Thebladebearingsfitintotheforgedcarriers.Theyareconnectedwiththeshaftbyhubdiscs.Thehubdiscsarefixedtotheshaftwithataperpressfit.叶轮为悬臂式、焊接件。叶片轴承组装在叶轮毂体内，叶轮毂通过毂盘与主轴联接，毂盘由圆锥面过盈配合联接固定到主轴上。Therestoringmomentsofthebladesaregeneratedbytherotatingmassofthebladingandtheairforces.Forapartialcompensationoftherestoringmomentscompensatingweightsareattachedtothebladeshaftwhichgenerateamomentreactingtotherestoringmomentoftheblades.叶片回复力矩由叶片的旋转质量和气体压力产生。作为回复力矩的部分补偿，组装在叶片轴上的平衡锤能产生一个力矩来抵消叶片产生的回复力矩。Impeller(1-stage,withoutcounterweights)叶轮（单级，不带平衡锤）Theimpellerisoverhung.Theimpellerhubisforged.Itisconnectedtotheshaftbyahubdisc.Thehubdiscisfixedtotheshaftwithaconicalpressfit.Thebladebearingsfitintotheimpellerhub.叶轮为悬臂式，轮毂为锻（铸）件。轮毂通过毂盘与主轴连接。毂盘由过盈圆锥面连接配合固定到主轴上。叶片轴承组装在叶轮毂体内。Impeller(2-stage,withoutcounterweights)叶轮（双级，不带平衡锤） Theimpellerisoverhung.Theimpellerhubsareforged.Theyareconnectedtotheshaftbyhubdiscs.Thehubdiscsarefixedtotheshaftwithaconicalpressfit.Thebladebearingsfitintotheimpellerhubs.叶轮为悬臂式，轮毂为锻（铸）件。轮毂通过毂盘与主轴连接。毂盘由圆锥面过盈配合联接固定到主轴上。叶片轴承组装在轮毂体内。Bladeadjustment叶片调节Therotorbladesareadjustedduringoperation(pitchcontrol)byanoilhydraulicservomotorwhichisflangedtotheimpellerandrotateswithsame.Theservomotormainlyconsistsofcylinder,piston,guidespindleandcontrolelements.动叶片在运行中可通过液压伺服马达来控制调节（节距控制）。伺服马达通过法兰连接在叶轮上，跟随叶轮同步转动。伺服马达主要包括缸体、活塞、导轴及控制阀。Whenadjustingthebladestheaxialmovementoftheservomotorpistonisconvertedintorotationviatheadjustingleversofthepivotedbladeshafts.Thebladescanthusbeadjustedvariably.Therespectivebladeanglecanbeseenlocallyonthegraduatedplate.调节叶片角度时，伺服马达活塞的轴向运动通过曲柄带动叶片轴转动，变成旋转运动。叶片由此调节角度。叶片角度可以通过表盘读出。Toinitiatetheblademovementthecontrolbushwhichdoesnotrotatewiththeimpellerismovedaxially.Theforcerequiredthereforeisminimal.Thisadjustingmovementisactivatedfromoutsidebythecontrolsystemviarods(assy.actuator).Theadjustingpistonandthustheadjustingdiscfolloweachcontrolbushmovement.Theadjustingdisctransferstheadjustingpistonmovementasrotationtothebladeshaftsviaslidingblocksandlevers.叶片动作时，未跟随叶轮转动的控制阀套作轴向移动。因此只需要较小的力量。调节移动时通过外部的执行装置（电动执行器）来操作的。控制阀套移动时活塞和调节盘跟随移动。调节盘将活塞的移动通过滑块和曲柄转换成叶片轴的旋转运动。Adjustthecontrolsystemsuchthatthereisnoconstantopeningandclosingofthebladesaroundaloadpointsetatthefan.Badlydampedcontrolsystemscauseconstantlysmallmovementsofthebladeadjustingsystem,whichshouldbeavoidedastheyaffecttheservicelifeofthebladebearings.由于风机运行过程中各个工况点所需的叶片开度各不相同，所以需要调节叶片角度。应避免严重阻尼的控制系统引起叶片调节系统持续的小运动，防止由此造成的轴承寿命降低。Thecontroloilsuppliedbytheoilsupplyunitissuppliedviathecontrolslideataconstantpressure.ThepressurestobesetarespecifiedbyCKPF.油站提供恒定压力的控制油，通过控制阀的滑动来实现。油压由CKPF确定。Thishydraulicadjustingdeviceandtheoilsupplyunitformaclosedsystem.Whentheoilsupplyisinterruptedthebladeanglesetbeforetheinterruptionismaintainediftheadjustingpulseisinterlockedbythecontroloilpressure.Theadjustingsystemwillnotbedamaged.液压调节装置和供油系统为封闭回路系统。当供油受阻时，控制油压使得控制信号互锁，叶片角度设置将维持受阻前状态。IMPORTANT!重要Thebladesmayonlybeactuatedwhenacontroloilpressurehasbuiltup.仅当控制油压已经建立后，才能开启叶片。Bladebearings 叶片轴承Thebladebearingsabsorbthecentrifugalandaerodynamicforcesoftherotorbladesandtheadjustmentforces.叶片轴承承受叶片离心力和气动力以及调节力。Thebladebearinghasanaxialgroovedball-bearingracetoabsorbthecentrifugalforceanda(radial)groovedball-bearingracetoabsorbtheadjustmentforce.ThesebearingsarepermanentlylubricatedwithoilandsealedwithO-rings.叶片轴承的轴向推力球轴承可承受叶片离心力，径向球轴承可承受叶片调节力，叶片轴承注油后可持久润滑，由O型密封圈密封。Thebladebearingalsohasself-lubricatingbearingbushestoabsorbaerodynamicforces.自润滑轴套可承载气动力。Shaft(1-stage)主轴（单级）Theforgedshaftcarriesthecouplinghubandtheimpeller. 主轴两端分别支撑联轴器和叶轮。Shaft(2-stage)主轴（双级） Theforgedshaftcarriesthetwoimpellers.Thereisaholeinitfortheadjustingrod.主轴上承载2个叶轮，带一个组装定位芯轴的孔。Servomotor(1-stage)伺服马达（单级）Theservomotorproducesthepowertoadjusttherotorblades.Itmountedontheimpellerandrotateswithit.Itsprincipalcomponentsarethecontrolhead,thecylinder,thedouble-actionadjustingpistonandtheadjustingdisc.伺服马达提供调节叶片的作用力。固定在叶轮上并随叶轮一起转动。主要部件为控制头，缸体，双向动作调节活塞和调节盘。Servomotor(2-stage)伺服马达（双级）Theservomotorgeneratestheforcewithwhichtherotorbladesareadjusted.Itisfittedtothesecond-stageimpellerandrotateswithit.Itsprincipalcomponentsarethecontrolhead,thecylinder,thedouble-actionadjustingpistonandtheadjustingdisc.伺服马达提供调节叶片的作用力。固定在第二级叶轮上并随叶轮一起转动。主要部件为控制头，缸体，双向动作调节活塞和调节盘。Controlhead控制头 Thelineswhichsupplytheservomotorwithcontroloilareconnectedtothecontrolhead.Therotor-bladecontrolisoperatedbyanactuatoroutsidethefanviaacontrolrod.Thenon-rotatingcontrolbushontherelayvalveisaxiallydisplaced.Pressurisedoilimpingesononesideorotheroftheadjustingpiston.控制头与控制油管相连，由风机外部的执行控制装置通过一推拉杆来操纵不旋转的阀套作轴向前后移动。Adjustingpiston油缸 Theadjustingpistonoperatesontheslave-pistonprinciple,executingastrokeinthesamedirectionandofthesamemagnitudeasthecontrolhead.Theadjustmentforceistransmittedtotheadjustingdiscbymeansoftheguidespindle.控制头使压力油（通过阀芯油道）分别进入油缸的后腔或前腔，油缸内油压使活塞随同控制头-实现方向和行程相同的位移（略滞后），把调节力通过导轴传递给调节盘，执行动叶片的开大与关小。Adjustingdisc(1-stage)调节盘（单级） Theadjustingdiscrotateswiththerotor.Ithasasnapringgroovetheslidingblocks.Theslidingblocksontheblade-shaftleversengagewiththesnapringgroove.Anaxialdisplacementoftheadjustingpistonproducesaswivellingmovementintherotorblades.调节盘跟随转子转动，带开口环槽。叶片轴上的曲柄滑块和开口环槽配合。调节活塞的轴向位移使动叶片发生转动。Adjustingdisc(2-stage)调节盘（双级） Theadjustingdiscrotates.Ithasasnapringgrooveintowhichtheslidingblocksfit.Theslidingblocksontheblade-shaftleversengagewiththesnapringgroove.Anaxialdisplacementoftheadjustingpistonproducesaswivellingmovementoftherotorblades.Theadjustingdiscsofbothimpellersarelinkedtogetherbyanadjustingrod.Therotorbladesofthefirstandsecondstagesareadjustedsynchronously.调节盘跟随转子转动，带开口环槽。叶片轴上的曲柄滑块和开口环槽配合。调节活塞的轴向位移使动叶片发生转动。两级叶轮的调节盘通过芯轴连接。一级和二级动叶片同步动作。Rotorbearings(antifrictionbearing)主轴承（滚动轴承） Thebearingiscentredinthefanhousingcore.Therotorshaftissupportedbyantifrictionbearings.Thebearingconsistsofaone-partbearinghousing.Radialforcesareabsorbedbycylindrical-rollerbearings,axialforcesbyoneortwoangular-contactballbearings.主轴承装配位于机壳芯筒内。主轴由滚动轴承支撑。主轴承装配的轴承壳为一个整体。径向力由圆柱滚子轴承承受，轴向力由一盘或两盘角接触推力球轴承承受。Rotorbearings(sleevebearing)主轴承（滑动轴承） Thebearingiscentredinthefanhousingcore.Therotorshaftissupportedinsleevebearings.Thebearingconsistsofasplitbearinghousing.Radialforcesareabsorbedbybearingswithacircularhole,axialforcesbyslidingandtiltingblocks.主轴承装配于机壳芯筒内。主轴由滑动轴承支撑。主轴承由两半分轴承体组成。径向力由轴承圆柱面承受，轴向力由轴肩承受。Lubrication Thebearingsarelubricatedwithcirculatingoilbylubricationringstoensurethattheyareundamagedwhenanemergencystopisexecuted.润滑 轴承为强制润滑，保证当紧急停运时，轴承不被损坏。Seals Theshaftspassageisfittedwithseals.Thebearingcoversarehorizontallysplit. Tworadially-movable,artificial-carbonshaftsealsarefitted.Theringsconsistofseveralsegmentsheldinplacebyatubularspring;alockingpiecepreventstwisting. Betweenthetwooilsealsisanopeninglinkedtotheatmospherebyholesandlines.Thisprovidesthesealswiththepressureequalisationtheyrequire. Theshaftisfittedwithbushesintheareaoftheseals.Laminarringsengagewithrotatinggrooves.Theringsareheldbytheirexternaldiameterandareaxiallymovable.Theyprovidedprotectionfromoilspray(fromwithin)anddirt(fromwithout).密封 轴孔需要合适的密封。轴承盖水平剖分。每侧轴套上装有一对可径向移动的人造石墨密封圈，该圈由三段组成，用一管状弹簧围箍，有一定位块防止转动。两密封圈之间有一个通道与大气相通，使内外压力平衡防止泄漏。轴套上环槽内装有叠层密封环，靠外径定位，隔离内部的溅油和外部的灰尘。Accessories附件 Coupling Thefanisdrivenbythemotorbymeansofasteelmulti-platecoupling.Thecouplingisflexibletobendingbutstiffagainsttorsion.Themotorshaftandfanrotoreachhaveacouplinghub.Bothhubsareconnectedtoanintermediateshaft.联轴器 联轴器为膜片联轴器。刚挠性膜片联轴器具有误差补偿、吸振且不需维护等优点，电机轴和风机转子各装配一个半联轴器，安装在中间传扭轴两端，将电动机功率传递给风机。Oil-supplyunit Theoil-supplyunitsuppliesthemainbearingandservomotorwithoil.See"Accessories" Seealsotheparagraph“Lubrication”.Youcanseetheoilcircuitfromtheoilpipeschemeandcircuitdiagram.油站 油站提供主轴承和伺服马达用油。详见“附件”，也可参见“润滑油”章节的润滑油路图。Cooling/sealing- Themainbearingandtheservomotorinsideareair-cooled.air(ID/FGDfans) Intheflowchamberofthefanthepressureishigherthanthe surroundingpressure.Theinternalspacesareblockedbyhigherpressureinordertopreventpenetrationandcorrosionbyfluegases.冷却密封风机（引风机和增压风机专用） 主轴承和伺服马达均为空气冷却。风机流道内的压力比环境压力高。内部的空间被高压气体密封，可以防止烟气流入和腐蚀。Lockingbrake Topreventtherotorduringstandstillsfromidlingitisequipped withalockingbrakewhichactsonthebrakediscatthefan-sidecouplinghalf. Thisisamanuallyactivatedshoebrakewhichmayonlybeclosedwhenthefanspeedhasdroppedbelow50rpmorwhenthefanhasstoppedcompletely. 锁刹装置 为防止转子惰走，在风机联轴器侧装有锁刹装置。当风机转速低于50rmp，或者完全停止后才可以关下锁刹装置。 IMPORTANT!重要 Thisbrakeisnotsuitedtobrakethefanataspeedabove50rpm.Thereforethespeedmustbecheckedwithoutfailbeforeclosingthebrake.Thebrakemustbesecuredagainstinadvertentactivation. 锁刹装置不能在风机转速大于50rpm时工作。所以在关下锁刹装置时，转速需要准确无误的确认。需确认锁刹装置不要无意被启动。 Themotorisinterlockedbyalimitswitchwhenthebrakeisclosed.Therefore,itmustbeensuredbeforeeachstartingthatthebrakeisopen. 当锁刹装置锁定后，电机通过一个限位开关内锁。因此，启动时需要确定是否每个锁刹装置都已经打开了。Operation/运行Technicalplantrequirements设备技术要求Inordertooperatesafelyandeconomicallythefanmustbematchedtosuittheplant.Thisincludesforexample:为了使系统更经济更安全的运行，风机配置必须适合于系统，这就包含了如下：●theplanningofitsoperatingcharacteristics/运行参数的确定●thearrangementofvalvesandby-passlines隔绝门及管路系统的布置●pipingflowcontrol/各管道中流量的调配IMPORTANT重点：Corrosion(e.g.duetocoolingfluegas)cancauseimportantcomponentstofail.Makesurethatnofluegasisallowedtoremaininthefanduringstoppages.腐蚀介质（例如冷却后的烟气）会导致一些重要元件在运行中出现故障，因此，一定要保证在停机时风机中没有遗留烟气。Operatingrange工作运行区域Operatingrangeistherangewhichallowsforcontinuousoperationofthefanwithouttheriskofdamage.工作运行区域是在风机没有损坏危险的情况下，能持续工作运转的区域。AxialfansoftheAPseriescanoperateinawiderange,inwhichtheirpowercanbematchedtosuittheplantrequirementsbymeansofrotorbladeadjustment.Operatingthefanoutsideofthisrange,especiallyforalongerperiodoftimemayleadtodamage:AP系列轴流风机能在一个大的区域内运行，依靠叶片调节，能满足系统工况的需求。在不允许区域内，尤其是长时间运行，会导致风机损坏。●Whenthevolumeflowrateistoosmalltheflowgetsunstable,it?stalls“.Operationwithunstableflowresultsinhigherloadsandstressonsomecomponents,especiallyoftherotorblades.当流道中流量过小时，气流会变得不稳定，这种不稳定的气流会导致某些元件的负载与压力过大，尤其是叶片。●Whenthevolumeflowratesareverysmallthefanmayheatupinadmissibly.当流道中流量非常小时，风机温度会过高致风机无法承受。Thesketchbelowshowstheoperatingrangesprohibitedforcontinuousoperation.Foryourunittheadmissibleoperatingrangeinthesection?operatingdata“isplottedintheperformancegraph.下简图显示了风机连续运行的禁止运行区域和可运行的范围区域。Reverseconveyance/反转运行：Withourtwistedbladesthereisareverseconveyancewiththebladeangle?CLOSED“(min.ratedbladeangle).在叶片关闭时，扭转叶片有一个反转运行的过程。Thismeansthatneartheimpellerhubthebladescontinuetoconveyinflowdirection,however,intheouterareathebladesarealready?overtwisted?“,resultinginaconveyanceagainstthenormalflowdirection,i.e.reverseconveyance.Thisisanundesiredprocess,especiallyforforceddraftfansandinduceddraftfans.这说明叶片接近轮毂的地方，若持续顺着气流方向转动，超过允许区域，叶片就会出现“过度扭转”，这时就会导致气流倒流，这是非正常运转，尤其对送、引风机。Especiallytherangewherethereiszeroconveyanceofthefaniscritical,asaxialhuntingmayoccurhere.Thepermissiblemin.angleofthebladesisaccountedforbytheindication?prohibitedrange“intheperformancegraph.尤其警示当风机在0开度运转时，会发生轴向气流紊乱，叶片允许的最小开度范围在性能曲线上已经表示出来了。Itisadvisabletochecktheflowduringtrialoperation.Ifthemachineisstartedwithclosedshut-offdampersonthedischargesidethemin.pressureatthediffuserendshouldbe2mbar.Ifthemachineisstartedwithclosedsuction-sideshut-offdampersthemin.pressureshouldbe2mbaratthesuctionbendinlet.在试运转期间可检查气流，若风机在关闭出口挡板门的情况下开始运转，那么在扩压器出口处的最小压力会达到2mbar，若风机在关掉进口挡板门的情况下开始运转，那么在进气箱入口处的最小压力会达到2mbar。Security安全Inmanycasesthearrangementoftheplantissuchthatthefancanonlybeoperatedwithinitispermittedperformancecharacteristics.在各种情况下，系统的布置必须保证风机在其性能曲线允许的范围内运行。However,iftheplantconditionschangeortheplantcontrolsystemdoesnotpreventthefanfrombeingoperatedinaprohibitedrange,itishighlyrecommendedtosecureitagainstbeingoperatedinaprohibitedrange.无论如何，如果系统设备改变或控制系统不能阻止风机进入禁止区域运行，就必须使用安保系统阻止风机进入禁止区域运行。Therearevariousprocedures