高考英语阅读技巧推理判断

阅读技巧

推理判断题推判题求考生根据文章提供的线索和事实进行逻辑推理者未提到的事实或某事发生的可能性，将间接论据连贯起来，得出一个合理的结论。合，指确从文推，不读主认的理文章提的显事。推判题以implyconcludelearnintendmean等词提问。提问中含有表示推测的情态动词，ccouldmight等和其他表示可能性的动词，如，most等推判题见的问题形式有：1.canbeinferred/concludedfromthepassagethat…2.passagesuggestsimpliesthat…3.authormayprobablyagreesupport…4.Byfirstsentenceofsecondparagraph,theauthormeansTauthortobeinfavourofbeagainst…6.author’spurposewritingthispassageis…推判题解技：所谓推断就是从已知的事情中推测未知的事情所说的未知是指文章或作者没有直接说明但暗示出来或根据作提供的信息可能引出的必然性结论所以推断类型的题尽管不能在文章中直接找到答案，但我们可以在文章中找到可供推论的依据。还有一个重要的技巧就是排除法的适当运用错选项的排除要靠我们对于文章事实和细节的准确把握。因此我们也要相应加强对于文章事实细节的训练。推判题要型针对细节的逻辑推断针对主题思想、作者意图的推断针对作者态度、观点等的推断（）节理：抓住某一段话中的关键信息，即某些关键词或短语去分析、推理结合上下文或上下句，推断出这句话所隐含的深层含义。在推断中，我们要严格依据作者所述的细节、事实出够表露作者思想倾向感情色彩的词语后利用自己已获得的相关知识进行推理判断，从而得出符合逻辑的结论。例：lookedChadwicknothingbutasolidbodyfornearlyhours.AlreadywomanswimEnglishinbothdirections.NowattheageofthefirstswimfromtotheCaliforniacoast.OnthatfourthofJulylikeanfogsocouldhardlyhersupportboats.Sharkstowardfigure,onlybyAgainstthegripofstruggledon,hourafterwhilemillionswatchedonnationaltelevision.Alongsideinboats,mothertrainerencouragement.Theytoldher’tmuchrther.allcouldwasfog.nottoquit.Sheneverhaduntilthen.onlyahalfmiletogo,sheaskedtopulledout.What“sheneverhad”intheparagraphSheneverdesperate.

neverofitup.C.Shehadneversuchthickhadacrossstrait解析上下文hernot以及withonlyamileto可以推断出，她当时并没有想弃，只不过是后来情况变化了。答案：例：isnotpoker---itnotwhat,whatandyouthinktheyyouthinkmentalprocess（过程）similar.,hasbeenofinterestpeoplewhoare,goodThegreatvonthefoundersoftheoryInparticular,hethatgamesinto;therewhathegamesof‘perfectinformation’,gameslikechesstheplayerscan'tanythingorplaytricks;don'twinbychance,butbymeanslogicandskills.Thentherearegamesof‘imperfectinformationlikepoker,inwhichimpossibleinadvanceofOnebusinessthatitbeagameofperfectbusiness,gamesnormallyplaywithinformation.Businessareoftenwithfactors因素）whichwouldeverpuzzlebestfewbusinessfinditcomfortablearetakinga,andmanystilltobelievethatareplaying,notpoker.factorinagameofimperfect_______.rulesB.C.D.解析：短文第二段有这样一段说明：……游戏可分为两类，一种是被称为“perfect”游戏，双方无法隐瞒进行欺骗，他们不是靠碰巧获胜（…theybychance。另一种则是“information的游戏，如打牌，游戏者不可能预先道他出的这一道牌是否比另一道好作者的这种表达可以推断出”游戏获胜的一个因素就是运气。因此选。（）测章观或论推测文章的观点或结论的设题形式有：）Itcanthe__________.）Whatbethe）Frompassageconcludethat__________.这类问题问的不一定是全文的中心思想或作者的全部观点，可能只是文章中的某一观点。但要推测出文中的某一观点，仍离不开对全文主要观点或中心思想的把握。例：Doyoualwaysunderstandmedicine?youknowmeantby“Takeonlydirected?”Readthefollowingdirectionsandifunderstandthem.“Topain,taketwo（片）water,byonetableteighthours,asForandearlyrelief缓解疼痛）takebedtime.Donottakesixintwenty-fourForgive（Forsixyears

old,askadvice.amountifsufferfromrestlessnesssleeplessnessaftertakingthemedicine.ItcanbefromdirectionsthistosmallC.betakenifonebetakensix解析所的选项都是针对文章以要通读全文后进行判断从文章第三段第二句得知，六岁以下儿童是否可用此药需要向医生咨询，但并未加以禁止。因此可判断B为正确选项。例“Ingeneral,writesRubininhernewbook,“’sfriendshipeachotherrestonsharedemotionsandsupport,but’srelationshipsaremarkedbysharedactivities.FortheRubin（交往emotionallycontrolled–agoodfitwithsocialrequirementsof“whenasaidafriend,Rubin“thelittleabouttheirinnermostfeelings.Whereasa’sclosestfemalefriendmightthetohertoleaveafailingmarriage,itwasnunusualtohearmansaydidnknowhisfriend’smarriagewasseriousuntilappearedonenightaskingifhe”text,whichofofsociety?Endingwithoutreasons.timewithfriends.C.Complainingabouttrouble.outballgamesWhichofthefollowingstatementsissupportedbytheparagraph?Menkeeptheirfeelingstoaremoreaboutmarriage.C.oftentaketoWomendependonmakingdecisions.答案：2.A（）测者作的态推测作者写作目的的设题形式有：purposeinwritingthistext__________.__________.in__________.doesmainlysay?.What’sauthors’attitudetowards________.作者态度、倾向是指作者对述的观点是赞同、反对还是犹豫不定，对记叙或描写的人、物或事件等是赞颂冷还是厌憎作者的这种思想倾向和感情色彩往往隐含在文章的字里行间流于修饰的词之中此推断过程中特别注意文中作者的措辞，尤其是表达感情色彩的形容词。我们要从作者的字里行间中找有用的提示要判断作者本人的态度和观点且定要与文章中所论述的容区分开同的事实和容的者会有不同的看法和态度。

切勿用自己的主观想法去理解试题。T-shirtsout;uniformsinSchooluniformsaremoreandmorepopularacrossU.S.A.’ssurprise,becausetheyoffermanybenefits.endthepowerfulsocialsortingandlabeling（标记）comeIfallaredressedintheway,willnottoomuchclothing,andofwillnotlaughedatforwearingthe“wrong”clothes.ruleofschoolbuttheystudentsalreadyacceptarule—wantingtolikefriends.clothingstudentschooseforthemselvesbarriers;schooltearthosebarriersinotheruniformswearersofpurposesForexample,orwomanuniform,hebecomes,the（征）ofuniformwearerorherandsendsthesamethewearermeets.PeoplewithjobsuniformsofkindForstudents,theschooluniformthattheirforhourstheyareinschooleducation.unhappyaboutuniformswilltheirchildren“creativity.”thestudentsdoindividuality（性justhavetherestofthedaytoascreativeastheylike.Whilethey’reinschool,theirjobismasterwriting,thisshouldtakeupallthecreativitytheyMasteryofwillgoodthetocreativityineveryway.Theauthoragree.itmakeswhethertowearuniformsorB.students’individualitymaycomefromschooleducationCstudents’creativityisrelatedtotheclotheschooseuniformsamong解析者在最后总结时Masteryofthosewillbegoodfortotheircreativityineveryway.答案：D【模拟题】ASleepDR.MARJORIESEIDENFELDANSWERSYOURIhavesuchfallingasleepnightthatI’malwaystiredanditaffectingmyWhatIdo?–––MindyinOneineveryfiveyoungpeoplehasasleepproblem,soyounotalone.Gettingenoughaseatingvegetablesandexercisingregularly.’simportantfor

Mostyoungonlysevenofnight,whenactuallyneedninehours.upforlostsleepduringtheweekbysleepinginanweekendsdoesnreallywork.Inlateonactuallyyouharmthangood,ifproblems.Whathappensyoudon’tgetenoughsleep?IfyoursleepproblemcontinuesforafewyousufferseriousLackofsleepcanaffectandWorse,ifyourdifficultieslastathatordepression（郁you’vegottohavesomehealthysleephabits.Belowaresomesuggestions.GOTOBEDATTHESAME－includingweekends,ifpossible.AROUNDTHESAMEMORNINGsleeplatejustonemorningweek,itmayclock.willithardforyouDOSOMETHINGbeforegoingtoDURING.Don’texerciserightbeforegoingbed.DRINKINGALCOHOL.excited.youfromfallingoryouupduringthenight.DON’TSMOKE.Smokingalwaysbadforbody.SmokingbeforebedtimekeepsIftryingthesetipsacoupleofdoesyou,todoctor.Donottakeanypillswithoutdoctor.Manysideeffects.passage,ifsleepforfewnights,you_______.forgetfulthatpeoplewithsleepproblemsshouldexercisemakeupforsleepweekendsC.followfixedtimetableforsleepsleephoursWecanthethatgettinguponeittoasleeptogoingbedmayhelpyouasleepC.smokersandthosewhodrinkusuallyhavesleepexercisingintheeveningwillhelptoWhichofthefollowingaccordingtothepassage?SleepareseriousamongyoungSleepinglateweekendscanmakeforlostsleepC.YoureatinghabitswillbrokenlackofD.nolongeryoursleepproblemtrytipsBIfreshmaninImetcompletelyfrommyfamily,yetIfeltathomewithJaneWhiteandIherfamilywelcomedlikeInmyfamily,itwasplaceblamewhenanythingbad

“did”motherwouldadirtykitchen.“Thisisallyourfault,”wouldinsistthecatgotthedishwashertheweweremysister,ItoldoneachWeaforattable.Butthedidnworryaboutdonewhat.pickedthepiecesandmovedwiththeirbeautythishometomethedied.InJuly,sistersItotriphomeinFloridatoYork.Thetwosisters,SarahJane,werestudents,Amy,recentlyturnedsixteen.Proudofhavingnewdriver’slicense（照wasaboutherdrivingonSheshowedoffherlicensesheThesisterssharedthedrivingSarahcarduringthefirstpartoftrip,butwhentheyreachedlesscrowdedAmytakeover.Somewhereinpulledoffeat.Afterlunch,Amywheel.Shetocrossroadswithstopsign.Whethershewasnervousorjustdidnseethesignonewouldeverknow,butAmyintowithoutstopping.driverofatruck,unablestopintime,ranintoourcar.Janewaskilledimmediately.Islightlyinjured.ThedifficultthingthatI’veevertocalltheWhitestotellaboutandthatJanedied.Painfulasitwasmetoloseafriend,Iknewitwasfarworseaandarrivedfoundtwodaughtersroom.Sarahhadacutsonthehead;Amylegwasbroken.Theyhugged（抱）allandcriedtearsofsadnessofjoyatseeingdaughters.TheywipedawaythegirlstearsandafewjokesAmyaslearnedtouseher（拐杖）.theirandtoAmy,over“We’regladthatyoualive.”ILater,ItheWhiteswhytheytalkedaboutfactAmyandstopsign.“’sgone,missherterriblorwillbringButAmywholelifeaheadHowcansheleadafullandhappylifeifshefeelsweblameherforhersister’sdeath?”AmygraduatedfromtheofCaliforniagotworksteacherofdisabledstudents.She’salsoaoftwolittlegirlsofherown,oldestnamedJane.ofthepassageis_____.A.Mrs.White’snieceB.Jane’sschoolfriendC.’cousinD.Sarahfriendfromcollege2.Howdidtheauthor’sparentsdifferfromWhites?A.author’sparentswerelesscaring.B.author’sparentslessloving.

C.author’sparentslessndly.D.author’sparentswerelessunderstanding.