Unit2OnwardsandupwardsUsinglanguage学案含解析选择性必修第一册06042188

PAGEUnit2OnwardsandupwardsUsinglanguage语法精讲·深化学习动名词与不定式作宾语(-ingandto-infinitiveasobject)观察上面对话,并完成句子。1.It’sapayday,andtheyarewaitingtobepaid(pay).

2.Nomatterhowharditis,we’llkeeptrying(try)untilwemakeit.一、动名词作宾语1.动名词可以跟在动词后面作宾语。常见的只能接动名词不能接不定式作宾语的动词有:表示“建议”“完成”“推迟”和“想象”:suggest,finish,postpone,delay,imagine表示“需要”“承认”“介意”和“原谅”:require,admit,mind,pardon,excuse表示“避免”“冒险”“练”“逃”和“错过”:avoid,risk,practice,escape,miss表示“允许”“考虑”“理解”“喜欢”和“欣赏”:allow,permit,consider,understand,enjoy,appreciate*Idon’tlikewatchingtelevisionbutIenjoylisteningtotheradio.我不喜欢看电视,但是喜欢听收音机。*Hetriedtoavoidansweringmyquestions.他试图对我的问题避而不答。2.动名词作介词宾语常用在动词短语后。insiston,keepon,getusedto,seeto,payattentionto,taketo,giveup,aimat,believein,beengagedin,carefor,accuse...of,putoff,prevent...from,thank...for,devote...to,dependon,setabout,befondof,betiredof,succeedin,bekeenon,worryabout,apologizefor,feellike,dreamof,leadto,beworth*Heinsistedondoingitinhisownway.他坚持要按照自己的方法做。*It’squitehottoday.Doyoufeellikegoingforaswim?今天很热。你愿意去游泳吗?动词-ing的复合结构作宾语(1)形容词性物主代词+动词-ing(2)人称代词宾格+动词-ing(3)名词所有格+动词-ing(4)名词+动词-ingWouldyoumindmy/meusingyourcellphone?你介意我用你的手机吗?Iknewnothingaboutthewindowbeingopen.我一点儿也不知道窗户开着。【巧学助记】只能接动名词作宾语的动词(短语)口诀完成实践值得忙(finish,practice,beworth,bebusy)继续习惯别放弃(keepon,beusedto,giveup)考虑建议不禁想(consider,suggest,can’thelp,feellike)喜欢思念要介意(enjoy,miss,mind)语法填空。(1)Youngpeoplemayriskgoing(go)deafiftheyareexposedtoveryloudmusiceveryday.(2)—Haveyoufinishedwriting(write)yourcomposition?

—Notyet.(3)Theforeignfriendsarelookingforwardtobeingshown(show)aroundourschool.

(4)Iusedtopracticespeaking(speak)Englisheverymorningatuniversity.(5)Idon’tagreethisisofpoorquality.Forastart,itisabookwellworthreading(read).

二、不定式作宾语1.只能以不定式作宾语,而不能以动名词作宾语的动词有:(“希望”干)wish,hope,expect,long,desire;(早“打算”)plan,mean,prepare,attempt,intend;(“同意”“否”)agree,consent,refuse,decline;(“寻”“问”看)seek,ask,beg;(“选”“定”了)choose,decide,determine,promise;(“尽”“自愿”)manage,volunteer,tend;(“称”“失败”)claim,fail;(“敢”“假装”)dare,pretend*Thedriverfailedtoseetheothercarintime.司机没有及时看到另一辆车。*ChinahopestopromotethetieswithAngolatoanewstage.中国希望把和安哥拉的关系推向新的阶段。2.可用于“动词+it+形容词/名词+todosth.”结构中的动词有feel,find,make,think,believe,consider等。*TheyallfeelitveryhardtolearnEnglish.他们都认为学英语很难。3.有些介词后也可以接不定式作宾语,如介词but,about,except等。*Thisgirlhadnochoicebuttowait.这个女孩除了等待别无选择。【巧学助记】只能接不定式作宾语的动词(短语)口诀决定想做计划需要同意能做被用来做的事迫不及待下决心做过去常常未能做的事【知识延伸】动词不定式作宾语,通常有三种形式:(1)一般式:动词不定式的一般式所表示的动作通常与谓语动词所表示的动作(状态)同时发生,或是在它之后发生。当动词不定式的逻辑主语是其所表示的动作的发出者时,用主动形式(todo);当动词不定式的逻辑主语是其所表示的动作的承受者时,用被动形式(tobedone)。*Heappearstobeveryhappy.他看起来很高兴。*Herefusedtobephotographed.他拒绝让人拍照。(2)进行式:动词不定式的进行式(tobedoing)表示动词不定式所表示的动作与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生,并强调动作的持续性或动作正在进行。*WhenIcamein,hepretendedtobesleeping.当我进来时,他假装正在睡觉。*IthappenedtoberainingwhenIgotthere.我到达那里的时候,碰巧在下雨。(3)完成式:动词不定式的完成式(tohavedone)表示动词不定式所表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前。*Heseemstohavecutoffthewatersupply.他好像已切断了供水。语法填空。(1)Ihadhopedtosend(send)himatelegramtocongratulatehimonhismarriage,butIdidn’tmanageit.

(2)Thereseemednothinglefttodobutsend(send)forthedoctor.(3)Havingfailedinthedrivingtesttwice,hedecidednottotake(nottake)itagain.

(4)Ifyouwanttogo(go)withus,youshouldbereadybyeighto’clock.

(5)Hegaveussomeadviceonhowtolearn(learn)English.

三、接动词不定式/动词-ing形式意义差别大的动词(短语)*Pleaseremembertogivemybestregardstoyourfamily.请记着代我向你的家人问好。*Istillremembervisitingthemuseumforthefirsttime.我仍记得第一次参观博物馆的情景。*Hetriedtocontrolhisvoice.他尽量控制住自己的声音。*TheydecidedtheywouldtrylivinginAmerica他们决定在美国住一段时间试试。在need,require,want(表”需要”)等动词的后面可接动词-ing形式作宾语(用主动形式表示被动含义),也可接动词不定式的被动式作宾语。语法填空。(1)Theteacherregrettedtotell(tell)Tomhedidn’tpasstheexam,andTomregrettednotstudying(study)hard.

(2)Irememberedtolock(lock)thedoorbeforeIlefttheoffice,butforgottoturn(turn)offthelights.

(3)Afterhefinisheddoing(do)mathshomework,hewentontowrite(write)acomposition.

(4)I’mdeterminedtosolvethismysteryevenifitmeanstraveling(travel)toNewYorkbymyself.(5)Theconditionofthiscarissoserious.Itreallyneedsrepairing/toberepaired(repair)beforedrivingontheroadagain.

使用本单元所学动名词和不定式的相关知识,结合中文提示补全短文。MrZhangisasuccessfulbusinessmaninourcity.Whenhewasfifteenyearsold,hisfamilywassopoorthathehadto(1)quitstudying(退学)atschool.Tohelpsupporthisfamily,hedidlotsofpart-timejobs.Later,he(2)happenedtosave(碰巧挽救了)awealthybusinessman.Thebusinessman(3)promisedtoreward(许诺奖励)him.MrZhangtoldhimthathe(4)wantedtosetuphisownbusiness(想创办自己的公司).HearingwhatMrZhangsaid,thebusinessman(5)agreedtolendhimahand(同意帮他一把).MrZhang’scompanywassetupin2000.Littlebylittle,heearnedalotofmoneyandbecamewealthy.Healways(6)regretsleaving(后悔离开)schoolatayoungage,sohe(7)decidedtogiveawayhismoney(决定捐赠他的钱)tothosechildrenwhosefamilieswerepoor.Sincethen,MrZhanghas(8)devotedhimselftohelping(致力于帮助)thoseintrouble.Uptonow,hehasgivenawaytenmillionyuantocharities.AlthoughMrZhangisnowinhissixties,hedoesn’tplanto(9)stopworking(停止工作).Andhe(10)hopestoearnmoremoney(希望挣更多的钱)tohelpmorepeople.

主题活动·话题实践Ⅰ.话题词汇1.lookonthebrightside(对坏情况)持乐观态度,看到光明的一面2.notliftafinger一点忙也不帮,油瓶倒了都不扶3.awetblanket扫兴的人或物4.aneagerbeaver干活特别卖力的人,对工作极有热忱的人5.dragone’sfeet故意拖拉,故意拖延6.turnoveranewleaf改恶从善,重新做人7.ascoolasacucumber镇定自若8.bemadeupof由……组成9.upsanddowns盛衰,浮沉,苦乐10.lendsb.anear倾听某人Ⅱ.话题情境根据情境和提示完成对话。1.A:Excuseme.How’syourson’smathsgoing?B:Notverywell,butIhaven’tliftedafinger(一点忙也帮不上)

2.A:Let’sgooutingtomorrow,shallwe?B:I’msorry,I’llstayathomeandwatchTV.A:Comeon,don’tbesuchawetblanket(扫兴的人).

3.A:WhatdoyouthinkofMike?B:Heisaneagerbeaver(对工作极有热忱的人)butheisnotveryorganized.

4.A:Tomisalwayslateforschool.B:That’stoobad.Heneedstoturnoveranewleaf(改恶从善).

5.A:Theexamiscoming.I’mfeelingalittleanxious.B:Youshouldbeascoolasacucumber(镇定自若)becauseyouarealwaysworkinghard.

Ⅲ.情境句式1.AreyouOK?你还好吗?2.Idon’tmeantobenosy,butareyousure?我不想多管闲事,但是你确定吗?3.Whydon’tyoutellmewhat’sup?你为什么不告诉我发生了什么事?4.I’