高考英语全国一卷

2014年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（新课标I）注意事项：.本试卷分第I卷（选择题）和第II卷（非选择题）两部分。第I卷1至10页，第II卷11至13页。.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在本试卷相应的位置。.全部答案在答题卡上完成，答在本试卷上无效。.第I卷听力部分满分30分，不计入总分，考试成绩录取时提供给高校作参考。.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第I卷第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10称钟的时间来回答有关小题如阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是Co1.Whatdoesthewomanwanttodo?A.Findaplace.B.Buyamap.C.Getanaddress.A.Findaplace.B.Buyamap.C.Getanaddress.Whatwillthemandoforthewoman?A.Repairhercar. B.Giveheraride.WhomightMr.Petersonbe?A.Anewprofessor. B.Adepartmenthead.Whatdoesthemanthinkofthebook?C.Pickupheraunt.C.Acompanydirector.A.Quitedifficult. B.Veryinteresting.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?Whatwillthemandoforthewoman?A.Repairhercar. B.Giveheraride.WhomightMr.Petersonbe?A.Anewprofessor. B.Adepartmenthead.Whatdoesthemanthinkofthebook?C.Pickupheraunt.C.Acompanydirector.A.Quitedifficult. B.Veryinteresting.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Weather. B.Clothes.第二节（共15小题：每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，C.Toosimple.C.News.从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答6、7题。WhyisHarryunwillingtojointhewoman?A.Hehasapaininhisknee.B.HewantstowatchTV.C.Heistoolazy.Whatwillthewomanprobablydonext?A.Stayathome. B.TakeHarrytohospital.C.Dosomeexercise.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。Whenwillthemanbehomefromwork?A.At5:45.B.At6:15.C.At6:50.A.At5:45.B.At6:15.C.At6:50.Wherewillthespeakersgo?A.TheGreenHouseCinema.B.TheNewStateCinema.C.TheUMECinema.C.Bybus.C.Bybus.C.Forholiday.C.Fellowworkers.C.Inaclassroom.C.He,sacollegestudent.C.$15,000.C.Two.C.Eighteenyears.C.It,scheap.C.It,smoreconvenient.C.Quiet.中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。HowwillthespeakersgotoNewYork?A.Byair. B.Bytaxi.Whyarethespeakersmakingthetrip?A.Forbusiness. B.Forshopping.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Driverandpassenger.B.Husbandandwife.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。Wheredoesthisconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inarestaurant. B.Inanoffice.WheredoesJohndonow?A.He,satrainer. B.He,satourguide.Howmuchcananewpersonearnforthefirstyear?A.$10,500. B.$12,000.Howmanypeoplewillthewomanhire?A.Four. B.Three.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题Howlonghasthespeakerlivedinabigcity?A.Oneyear. B.Tenyears.Whatisthespeaker,sopiniononpublictransport?A.It,scomfortable. B.It,stime-saving.Whatisgoodaboutlivinginasmalltown?A.It'ssafer. B.It'shealthier.Whatkindoflifedoesthespeakerseemtolikemost?A.Busy. B.Colorful.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分60分）第一节（共15小题；每小题3分，满分45分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）ATheCambridgeScienceFestivalCuriosityChallenge

DaretoTaketheCuriosityChallenge!TheCambridgeScienceFestival（CSF）ispleasedtoinformyouofthesixthannualCuriosityChallenge.Thechallengeinvites,evendaresschoolstudentsbetweentheagesof5and14tocreateartworkorapieceofwritingthatshowstheircuriosityandhowitinspiresthemtoexploretheirworld.Studentsarebeingdaredtodrawapicture,writeanarticle,takeaphotoorwriteapoemthatshowswhattheyarecuriousabout.Toenterthechallenge,allartworkorpiecesofwritingshouldbesenttotheCambridgeScienceFestival,MITMuseum,265MassAvenue,Cambridge02139byFriday,February8th.StudentswhoentertheCuriosityChallengeandareselectedaswinnerswillbehonoredataspecialceremonyduringtheCSFonSunday,April21st.Guestspeakerswillalsopresentprizestothestudents.Winningentrieswillbepublishedinabook.Studententrieswillbeexhibitedandprizeswillbegiven.Familiesofthosewhotakepartwillbeincludedinthecelebrationandbrunchwillbeserved.BetweenMarch10thandMarch15th,eachwinnerwillbegiventhespecificsoftheclosingceremonyandtheCuriosityChallengecelebration.Theprogramguidelinesandotherrelatedinformationareavailableat:.WhocantakepartintheCuriosityChallenge?A.Schoolstudents. B.Cambridgelocals. C.CSFwinners. D.MITartists.Whenwilltheprize-givingceremonybeheld?A.OnFebruary8th. B.OnMarch10th. C.OnApril21st. D.OnMarch15th.Whattypeofwritingisthistext?A.Anexhibitionguide. B.Anartshowreview. C.Anannouncement. D.Anofficialreport.BPassengerpigeons（旅鸽）onceflewovermuchoftheUnitedStatesinunbelievablenumbers.Writtenaccountsfromthe18thand19thcenturiesdescribedflocks（群）solargethattheydarkenedtheskyforhours.Itwascalculatedthatwhenitspopulationreacheditshighestpoint,thereweremorethan3billionpassengerpigeons-anumberequalto24to40percentofthetotalbirdpopulationintheUnitedStates,makingitperhapsthemostabundantbirdintheworld.Evenaslateas1870whentheirnumbershadalreadybecomesmaller,aflockbelievedtobe1milewideand320miles（about515kilometers）longwasseennearCincinnati.Sadly,theabundanceofpassengerpigeonsmayhavebeentheirundoing.Wherethebirdsweremostabundant,peoplebelievedtherewasanever-lastingsupplyandkilledthembythethousands.Commercialhuntersattractedthemtosmallclearingswithgrain,waiteduntilpigeonshadsettledtofeed,thenthrewlargenetsoverthem,takinghundredsatatime.Thebirdswereshippedtolargecitiesandsoldinrestaurants.Bytheclosingdecadesofthe19thcentury,thehardwoodforestswherepassengerpigeonsnestedhadbeendamagedbyAmericans,needforwood,whichscattered（驱散）theflocksandforcedthebirdstogofarthernorth,wherecoldtemperaturesandspringstormscontributedtotheirdecline.Soonthegreatflocksweregone,nevertobeseenagain.In1897,thestateofMichiganpassedalawprohibitingthekillingofpassengerpigeons,butbythen,nosizableflockshadbeenseeninthestatefor10years.ThelastconfirmedwildpigeonintheUnitedStateswasshotbyaboyinPikeCounty,Ohio,in1900.Foratime,afewbirdssurvivedunderhumancare.Thelastofthem,knownaffectionatelyasMartha,diedattheCincinnatiZoologicalGardenonSeptember1,1914.Inthe18thandearly19thcenturies,passengerpigeons.werethebiggestbirdintheworldlivedmainlyinthesouthofAmericadidgreatharmtothenaturalenvironmentwerethelargestbirdpopulationintheUSTheunderlinedword“undoing”probablyreferstothepigeons’.A.escape B.ruin C.liberation D.evolutionWhatwasthemainreasonforpeopletokillpassengerpigeons?A.Toseekpleasure. B.Tosaveotherbirds. C.Tomakemoney. D.Toprotectcrops.WhatcanweinferaboutthelawpassedinMichigan?A.Itwasignoredbythepublic. B.Itwasdeclaredtoolate.C.Itwasunfair. D.Itwasstrict.CAtypicalliontamer（驯兽师）inpeople,smindisanentertainerholdingawhip（鞭）andachair.Thewhipgetsalloftheattention,butit,smostlyforshow.Inreality,it,sthechairthatdoestheimportantwork.Whenaliontamerholdsachairinfrontofthelion,sface,theliontriestofocusonallfourlegsofthecha iratthesametime.Withitsfocusdivided,thelionbecomesconfusedandisunsureaboutwhattodonext.Whenfacedwithsomanyoptions,thelionchoosestofreezeandwaitinsteadofattackingthemanholdingthechair.Howoftendoyoufindyourselfinthesamepositionasthelion?Howoftendoyouhavesomethingyouwanttoachieve（e.g.loseweight,startabusiness,travelmore）——onlytoendupconfusedbyalloftheoptionsinfrontofyouandnevermakeprogress?Thisupsetsmetonoendbecausewhilealltheexpertsarebusydebatingaboutwhichoptionisbest,thepeoplewhowanttoimprovetheirlivesareleftconfusedbyalloftheconflictinginformation.Theendresultisthatwefeellikewecan,tfocusorthatwe,refocusedonthewrongthings,andsowetakelessaction,makelessprogress,andstaythesamewhenwecouldbeimproving.Itdoesn,thavetobethatway.Anytimeyoufindtheworldwavingachairinyourface,rememberthis:Allyouneedtodoisfocusononething.Youjustneedtogetstarted.Startingbeforeyoufeelreadyisoneofthehabitsofsuccessfulpeople.Ifyouhavesomewhereyouwanttogo,somethingyouwanttoaccomplish,someoneyouwanttobecome...takeimmediateaction.Ifyou,reclearaboutwhereyouwanttogo,therestoftheworldwilleitherhelpyougetthereorgetoutoftheway.Whydoestheliontameruseachair?A.Toshowoffhisskills. B. Totrickthelion.C.Togetreadyforafight. D. Toentertaintheaudience.Inwhatsensearepeoplesimilartoalionfacingachair?A.Theyfeelpuzzledoverchoices. B. Theyholdontothewrongthings.C.Theyfindithardtomakechanged. D. Theyhavetodosomething forshow.Whatistheauthor,sattitudetowardstheexpertsmentionedinParagraph3?A.Tolerant.B.Doubtful. C.Respectful. D.Supportive.Whentheworldis“wavingachairinyourface”,you,readvisedto.A.waitforabetterchance B.breakyouroldhabitsC.makeaquickdecision D.askforclearguidanceDAsmoreandmorepeoplespeakthegloballanguagesofEnglish,Chinese,Spanish,andArabic,otherlanguagesarerapidlydisappearing.Infact,halfofthe6,000—7,000languagesspokenaroundtheworldtodaywilllikelydieoutbythenextcentury,accordingtotheUnitedNationsEducational,Scientific,andCulturalOrganization(UNESCO).Inanefforttopreventlanguageloss,scholarsfromanumberoforganizations——UNESCOandNationalGeographicamongthem——haveformanyyearsbeendocumentingdyinglanguagesandtheculturestheyreflect.MarkTurin,ascientistattheMacmillanCenter,YaleUniversity,whospecializesinthelanguagesandoraltraditionsoftheHimalayas,isfollowinginthattradition.Hisrecentlypublishedbook,AgrammarofThangmiwithanEthnolinguisticIntroductiontotheSpeakersandTheirCulture,growsoutofhisexperienceliving,working,andraisingafamilyinavillageinNepal.DocumentingtheThangmilanguageandcultureisjustastartingpointforTurin,whoseekstoincludeotherlanguagesandoraltraditionsacrosstheHimalayanreachesofIndia,Nepal,Bhutan,andChina.Butheisnotcontenttosimplyrecordthesevoicesbeforetheydisappearwithoutrecord.AttheUniversityofCambridgeTurindiscoveredawealthofimportantmaterials——includingphotographs,films,taperecordings,andfieldnotes——whichhadremainedunstudiedandwerebadlyinneedofcareandprotection.Now,throughthetwoorganizationsthathehasfounded——theDigitalHimalayaProjectandtheWorldOralLiteratureProject——Turinhasstartedacampaigntomakesuchdocuments,foundinlibrariesandstoresaroundtheworld,availablenotjusttoscholarsbuttotheyoungergenerationsofcommunitiesfromwhomthematerialswereoriginallycollected.ThankstodigitaltechnologyandthewidelyavailableInternet,Turinnotes,theendangeredlanguagescanbesavedandreconnectedwithspeechcommunities.Manyscholarsaremakingeffortsto.A.promotegloballanguage B.rescuedisappearinglanguagesC.searchforlanguagecommunitiesD.setuplanguageresearchorganizationsWhatdoes“thattradition”inParagraph3referto?Havingfullrecordsofthelanguages.Writingbooksonlanguageteaching.Tellingstoriesaboutlanguageusers.Livingwiththenativespeakers.WhatisTurin,sbookbasedon?A.TheculturalstudiesinIndia. B.ThedocumentsavailableatYale.C.HislanguageresearchinBhutan. D.HispersonalexperienceinNepal.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesTurin,swork?A.Write,sellanddonate. B.Record,repairandreward.C.Design,experimentandreport. D.Collect,protectandreconnect.第二节（共5小题；每小题3分，满分15分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Thejobsofthefuturehavenotyetbeeninvented.36Byhelpingthemdevelopclassicskillsthatwillservethemwellnomatterwhatthefutureholds.CuriosityYourchildrenneedtobedeeplycurious.37Askkids,“Whatingredients（配料）canweaddtomakethesepancakesevenbetternexttime?”andthentrythemout.Didthoseingredientsmakethepancakesbetter?Whatcouldwetrynexttime?CreativityTruecreativityistheabilitytotakesomethingexistingandcreatesomethingnewfromit. 38 Thereareadozendifferentthingsyoucandowiththem.Experimentingwithmaterialstocreatesomethingnewcangoalongwayinhelpingthemdeveloptheircreativity.PersonalskillsUnderstandinghowothersfeelcanbeachallengeforkids.Weknowwhat,sgoingoninsideourownhead,butwhataboutothers?Beingabletoreadpeoplehelpskidfrommisreadingasituationandjumpingtofalseconclusions.39 “Whydoyouthinkshe,scrying?”“Canyoutellhowthatmanisfeelingbylookingathisface?”“Ifsomeoneweretodothattoyou,howwouldyoufeel?”SelfExpression40Therearemanywaystoexpressthoughtsandideas——music,acting,drawing,building,photography.Youmayfindthatyourchildisattractedbyonemorethananother.Encouragekidstocookwithyou.Andwecan,tforgetscienceeducation.Wecangivekidschancestothinkaboutmaterialsinnewways.Wecandothisinreallifeoraskquestionsaboutcharactersinstories.Gardeningisanothergreatactivityforhelpingkidsdevelopthisskill.Sohowcanwehelpourkidsprepareforjobsthatdon'tyetexist?Beingabletocommunicateideasinameaningfulwayisavaluableskill.第三部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分55分）第一节完形填空（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Asageneralrule,allformsofactivityleadtoboredomwhentheyareperformedonaroutine（常规）basis.Asamatteroffact,wecanseethis41atworkinpeopleofall42.Forexample,onChristmasmorning,childrenareexcitedabout43withtheirnewtoys.Buttheir44soonwearsoffthebyJanuarythose45toyscanbefoundputawayinthebasement.Theworldisfullof_46_stampalbumsandunfinishedmodels,eachstandingasamonumenttosomeone,s47interest.Whenparentsbringhomeapet,theirchild48bathesitandbrushesitsfur.Withinashorttime,however,the49ofcaringfortheanimalishandedovertotheparents.Adolescentsenterhighschoolwithgreat50butaresoonlookingforwardto51.Thesameistrueoftheyoungadultsgoingtocollege.Andthen,howmany52,whonowcomplain（抱怨）aboutthelongdrivestowork,53—droveforhouratatimewhentheyfirst_54—theirdriverslicenses（执照）？Beforepeopleretire,theyusually_55—todoalotof_56—things,whichtheyneverhad_57—todowhileworking.But_58—afterretirement,thegolfing,thefishing,thereadingandalloftheotherpastimesbecomeasboringasthejobsthey59.And,likethechildinJanuary,theygosearchingfornew60.41.A.habitB.principleC.wayD.power42.A.partiesB.racesC.countriesD.ages43.A.workingB.livingC.playingD.going44.A.confidenceB.interestC.anxietyD.sorrow45.A.sameB.extraC.funnyD.expensive46.A.well-organizedB.colorfully-printedC.half-filledD.newly-collected47.A.broadB.passingC.differentD.main48.A.silentlyB.impatientlyC.worriedlyD.gladly49.A.promiseB.burdenC.rightD.game50.A.courageB.calmnessC.confusionD.excitement51.A.graduationB.independenceC.responsibilityD.success52.A.childrenB.studentsC.adultsD.retirees53.A.carefullyB.eagerlyC.nervouslyD.bravely54.A.requiredB.obtainedC.noticedD.discovered55.A.needB.learnC.planD.start56.A.greatB.strangeC.difficultD.correct57.A.timeB.moneyC.skillsD.knowledge58.A.onlyB.wellC.evenD.soon59.A.lostB.choseC.quitD.left60.A.petsB.toysC.friendsD.colleagues第II卷注意事项：用0.5毫米黑色笔迹的签字笔将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。第三部分英语知识运用(共两节，满分55分)第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(不多于3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。Areyoufacingasituationthatlooksimpossibletofix?In1969,thepollutionwasterriblealongtheCuyahogaRivernearCleveland,Ohio.It 61 (be)unimaginablethatitcouldeverbecleanedup.Theriverwassopollutedthatit62_(actual)caughtfireandburned.Now,yearslater,thisriverisoneof63 mostoutstandingexamplesofenvironmentalcleanup.Buttheriverwasn,tchangedinafewdays 64evenafewmonths.Ittookyearsofwork 65(reduce)theindustrialpollutionandcleanthewater.Finally,thathardworkpaidoffandnowthewaterintheriveris66 (clean)thanever.Maybeyouarefacinganimpossiblesituation.Maybeyouhaveahabit 67 isdrivingyourfamilycrazy.Possiblyyoudrinktoomuchordon,tknowhowtocontrolyourcreditcarduse.Whenyoufacesuchanimpossiblesituation,don,tyouwantaquickfixandsomethingtochangeimmediately?Whilethereare68(amaze)storiesofinstanttransformation,formostofusthe69(change)aregradualandrequirealotofeffortandwork,likecleaningupapollutedriver.Justbe70(patience).第四部分写作(共两节；满分35分)第一节短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号()，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用(\)划掉。修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。Nearlyfiveyearsbefore,andwiththehelpbyourfather,mysisterandIplantedsomecherrytomatoes（圣女果）inourbackgarden.Sincethen---foralltheseyear---wehadbeenallowingtomatoestoself-seedwheretheyplease.Asresult,theplantsaregrowingsomewhere.Thefruitsare