肌学总论、头颈和躯干肌泰山医学院课件

Chapter3Myology肌学Section1GeneraldescriptionCompositionMusclebelly肌腹Tendon肌腱

aponeurosis腱膜ClassificationLongmuscle长肌Shortmuscle短肌Flatmuscle扁肌Orbicularmuscle

轮匝肌ⅠMorphologyandcompositionofskeletalmusclesⅡOrigin,insertionandactionofskeletalmusclesTendinoussheath

腱鞘FibrouslayerSynoviallayer:Section2MusclesofheadⅠFacialmuscles面肌Epicranius颅顶肌(occipitofrontalis)枕额肌Frontalbelly额腹Occipitalbelly枕腹Galeaaponeurotica帽状腱膜

Orbicularis

oculi

眼轮匝肌

Buccinator

颊肌

Orbicularis

oris

口轮匝肌帽状腱膜额腹ⅡMasticatorymusclesMasseter咬肌Origin－inferiorborderandmedialsurfaceofzygomaticarchInsertion－lateralsurfaceoframusofmandibleandangleofmandibleAction－elevatesmandibleTemporalis颞肌Origin－temporalfossaInsertion－coronoidprocessofmandibleAction－elevatesandretractsmandibleMedialpterygoid

翼内肌Lateralpterygoid

翼外肌咀嚼肌咀嚼肌Section3MusclesofneckⅠSuperficialgroup

Platysma颈阔肌

Sternocleidomastoid胸锁乳突肌ⅡSuprahyoidmuscles

Digastric二腹肌Stylohyoid茎突舌骨肌Mylohyoid下颌舌骨肌Geniohyoid颏舌骨肌

Elevate(raise)hyoidboneanddepressmandible.ⅣDeepcervicalmuscles

LateralScalenusanterior前斜角肌Scalenus

medius

中斜角肌Scalenusposterior后斜角肌Scalenefissure斜角肌间隙Action：Mediallongus

capitis

头长肌

longus

colli

颈长肌Flexthehead,bendstheneckforwardSection4MusclesoftrunkⅠMusclesofback

Trapezius斜方肌Latissimusdorsi背阔肌Erectorspinae竖脊肌

Trapezius斜方肌Origin:superiornuchalline,externaloccipitalprotuberance,ligamentumnuchaeandspinousprocessesofseventhcervicalandallthoracicvertebraeInsertion:lateralthirdofclavicle,acromion,andspineofscapularyAction:upperfiberselevatescapula,lowerfibersdepressscapula;ifscapulaisfixed,onesideactingalong,drawsheadtowardthesameside,andturnfacetooppositeside;bothsidestogether,drawheaddirectlybackwardErectorspinaePosition:fillsthevertebralgrooveoneachsideofthespineAction:extendsvertebralcolumn(drawheadbackward)ⅡMusclesofthorax

Ⅰ)Thoracico-upper-limbmuscles胸上肢肌Ⅱ)Thoracicointrinsicmuscles胸固有肌Pectoralismajor胸大肌Origin:

medialhalfofclavicle,sternum,1st-6thcostalcartilages.Insertion:

crestofgreatertubercleofhumerus.Action:

flexes,adductsandrotatesarmmedially;armfixed,elevatestrunk;elevatesribs1-6,aidinginforcedinspiration.Serratusanterior前锯肌Ⅱ)ThoracicointrinsicmusclesIntercostalesexterni肋间外肌Intercostalesinterni肋间内肌Intercostalesintimi肋间最内肌ActionⅣMusclesofabdomenAnterolateralgroupObliquus

externus

abdominis腹外斜肌

Inguinalligament

腹股沟韧带Superficialinguinalring

腹股沟管浅环Obliquusinternusabdominis腹内斜肌Inguinalfalx腹股沟镰:Cremaster提睾肌:Transversusabdominis

腹横肌Rectusabdominis腹直肌

Intersections

腱划Sheathofrectusabdominis腹直肌鞘Lineaalba

白线脐环2.PosteriorgroupQuadratuslumborum腰方肌Inguinalcanal腹股沟管Position:

TwoopeningsSuperficialinguinalring腹股沟管浅环Deepinguinal