英语-山东省泰安市2023届高三第一次模拟考试

高三一轮检测英语试题2023.03注意事项：.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并收回。第一部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AThegiftthatneverstopsgivingPeoplearegoingforgiftsthatarereusedtimeandtimeagain,（whilealsosavingmoney）,giftsthathaverecyclablepackaging,ortherecyclableelementsincludedwithinthem.Oneofthebestoptionsistogoforagreenhamper（篮子）.GifthamperscanbereusedThefactthatgreenitemsarefrequentlyreusableisoneoftheirmainadvantages.Withagreenhamper,youcanreuseeverythingthatwasinsideofit,includingthecontainer.Manygreenhampersareavailableinwicker（柳条）baskets,allowingyoutokeepthepresentforalongtimeandreuseitforotherpurposes.Gifthampersareeco-friendlyAlotofpeopleareworriedabouttheenvironmentandreducingCO2emissions（并F放）.Thisiswhygreenhampersarebecomingmorepopular.Typically,businessesthatsellgreenbasketswillguaranteethattheitemsinsidethemweremanufacturedbyhandorinfacilitieswithminimumCO2emissions.However,thewickerbasketsaremorebreakableitems.HowtoreusewickerbasketsWhynotkeepaselectionofpottedplantsinyourwickerbasket?Thiswilllookgreatinyourdiningroom.Withawickerbasket,forinstance,placeindividualtoiletries,towels,andblanketsonthehamperforpresentationinyourguests'rooms.Youcangiveyourvisitorsawarm,“hotelinspired,,feeling.Givingsomeoneanawesomegifthamperthatisalsoeco-friendlyconveysauniquemessagetotherecipientbecausetherearesomanyoptionsforgiftbaskets,youcanfillthemasyouchoose.Thisiswhygreenhampersinparticulararedominatingthemarket.Whatisprobablytheconcernofpeoplewhochoosehampers?A.Comfort.B.Expense.C.Security.D.Beauty.Whichcanbestdescribetheadvantagesofgreenhampers?A.Reusableandtough.B.Popularandcostly.C.Multipurposeandrecyclable.D.Ever-lastingandeco-friendly.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetothepopularizationofgreenhampers?未能传达任何信息；写的内容与要求无关。第二节（满分25分）Onepossibleversion:Paragraph1:Dorawatchedherbirdinsilence.Shefoundherbirdkeptlookingoutofthewindow.Inthetreesoutside,manybirdswereplayinggladly.Shethoughtthatperhapsherbirddidn'tlikebeingkeptinthecageatall.Justasshemissedstayingwithherfriends,italsowantedtogoouttoplaylikeotherbirds.Butbeforeshegotsick,shedidn'tthinkalotaboutherbird.NowDorarealizedsheshouldn'tselfishlytakeawayitsfreedomforherownenjoyment.Paragraph2:Shedecidedtoletgoofthebird.Whenhermothercomeinside,Doratoldhermotheraboutherdecision.Shesaid,“Mom,canyousetmybirdfree?”Hermotherwassurprisedandaskedwhy,“I'msureitalsowantsfriends/9saidDora.Hermotheragreed.Sheopenedthecageandthebirdcheerfullyflewoutofthewindowanddisappearedsoon.Afewdayslater,Dorecouldplaywithherfriendsagain.Howexcitedshewas!Andwhenshelookedoutatthebirdsinthetrees,sheknewherbirdmustbeveryhappyatthatmoment.各档次的给分范围和要求：1.本题总分为25分，按5个档次给分。.评分时，先根据文章的内容和语言初步确定其所属档次，然后以该档次的要求来衡量，确定或调整档次，最后给分。.所续写短文的词数应为150左右（词数少于130的，从总分中减去2分）。.阅卷评分时，主要从以下四个方面考虑：⑴与所给短文及段落开头语的衔接程度；（2）内容的丰富性；⑶应用语法结构和词汇的丰富性和准确性；⑷故事发展的合理性和上下文的连贯性。.拼写与标点符号是语言准确性的一个方面，评分时，应视其对交际的影响程度予以考虑。英、美拼写和词汇用法均可。.如书写较差以致影响交际，可将分数降低一个档次。各档次给分范围及要求：第五档（21—25分）一与所给短文融洽度高，与所提供各段落开头语衔接合理；—内容丰富；一所使用语法结构和词汇丰富、准确，可能有些许错误，但完全不影响意义表达；一有效地使用了语句间的连接成分，使所续写短文结构紧凑。第四档（16—20分）一与所给短文融洽度较高，与所提供各段落开头语衔接较为合理；一内容比较丰富；一所使用语法结构和词汇较为丰富、准确，可能有些许错误，但完全不影响意义表达；一比较有效地使用了语句间的连接成分，使所续写短文结构紧凑。第三档（11—15分）一与所给短文关系较为密切，与所提供各段落开头语有一定程度的衔接；一写出了若干有关内容；一应用的语法结构和词汇能满足任务的要求，虽有一些错误，但不影响意义的表达；一应用简单的语句间的连接成分，使全文内容连贯。第二档（6—10分）一与所给短文有一定的关系，与所提供各段落开头语有一定程度的衔接；一写出了一些有关内容；一语法结构单调、词汇项目有限，有些语法结构和词汇方面的错误，影响了意义的表达；一较少使用语句间的连接成分，全文内容缺少连贯性。第一档（1—5分）一与所给短文和开头语的衔接较差；一产出内容太少；一语法结构单调、词汇项目很有限，有较多语法结构和词汇方面的错误，严重影响了意义的表达；一缺乏语句间的连接成分，全文内容不连贯。A.Favorable.B.Intolerant.C.Doubtful.D.Unclear.A.Favorable.B.Intolerant.C.Doubtful.D.Unclear.BTherehavebeennumerousattemptstocreateanall-plasticbike.Butmosthaveneverpassedthroughtheprototypestage（原始阶段）.Igus,aGermany-basedmanufacturerofhigh-performanceplastics,andDutchstart-upMTRLaimtochangethatwiththeigus:bike—theworld'sfirsturbanbikecraftedalmostentirelyfromrecycledplastic.IgusCEOFrankBlasefirstgottheideawhilevacationingonaFloridabeachin2009.Aconversationwithsomeemployeesfromarentalcompanymadehimawareofthechallengesofmaintainingbeachbicycles.Thecontinuousexposuretosand,windandsaltwatercausedthebikestorustrapidly.Manyhadtobereplacedinonlythreemonths.Theigus：bike,unveiledataGermantradeshow,ismaintainableandrust-free.Itcanbeleftoutdoorsinallweathersanddoesnotrequirelubricantoil（润滑油）toreducefrictionbetweenparts.Sinceitdoesnotattractsand,dustordirt,thebikecanbecleanedwithagardenhose（水管）inseconds.“Asallcomponentsaremadeofplastic,nopartofthebikerusts,eventhegears一bicyclegearsmadeofplasticwereunthinkableforalongtimeJBlasesays.Theigus:bikewillalsohelpcombattheworld'splasticpollution.Thecompanysaysasingleadultbikegivesnewlifetoabout16kilogramsofsingle-useplasticthatwouldotherwisechokeourlandfillsorwaterways.Currently,90percentoftheigus:bikeismadeusingrecycledplastic.Thisincludesthebicycle'sframe,bearings,pedalsandwheelrims.IgusandMTRLbelievefutureversionswillbemadeentirelyfromrecycledplastic.“Fromoceanplasticstomotionplastics一theigus:bikeconcepthaswhatittakestobecomeahigh-techecologicalproductJsaysMTRLco-founderBenjaminAlderseBaas.Theplasticbikesareexpectedtocomeontothemarketinearly2023.Anadultmodel,madeentirelyfromrecycledplastic,willcostabout€1400.Aslightlycheaperversionmadeusingnewplasticandanelectricbikearealsointheworks.Igusalsoplansonsharingitstechnologywithotherbicyclemanufacturers.WhatmakesIgusCEOFrankBlaseseektocreatetheigus:bike?HisholidayinginFloridalastyear.Theconversationbetweenhimandsomebicyclers.Thetroubleofkeepingbeachbicyclesingoodcondition.Theprolongedexposureofbikesonthebeach.Whatcanwelearnabouttheigus:bikefromthetext?Itwillcertainlysellwell.Itneedstobemoreportable.Itcanbeusedeverywhereandfreely.Itisrustlessandcleanseasily.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?Abikemadefromrecycledplastics.Howtomakerust-freebikes.Anexcellentbicyclemanufacturer.D.Howtomaintainbeachbikes.Whatcanbeinferredaboutthefutureplasticbikes?Theywillbecheaperandlighter.Theywillbemorehigh-techecological.Theywillbecraftedfromonlyrecycledplastics.Theywillbeusedwidelyallovertheworld.CManypeoplethinkworkmeetingsareawasteoftime,andthatmightbebecausemostmeetingskeepemployeesfromworkingwell:Onesurveyof76companiesfoundthatproductivitywas71percenthigherwhenmeetingswerereducedby40percent.Unnecessarymeetingswaste$37billioninsalaryhoursayearintheU.S.alone.Manymeetingsoccurwithoutaspecificreason.AnothermotiveformeetingsiswhatsomescholarscalltheMereUrgencyeffect,inwhichweengageintasks一suchasameetingwhereeachpersonreciteswhatthey5reworkingon,whetherothersneedthatinformationornot——tohelpusfeellikeweareaccomplishingsomethingactual.Buttherealproblemwithmeetingsisnotlackofproductivity——it'sunhappiness.Whenmeetingsareawasteoftime,jobsatisfactiondeclines.Andwhenjobsatisfactiondeclines,happinessingeneralfalls.Thus,foralargepopulation,eliminatingmeetings一oratleastminimizingthem-isoneofthemoststraightforwardwaystoincreasewell-being.Nobodylikesexcessiveandunproductivemeetings.First,theygenerallyincreasefatigue.Youhaveprobablyexperiencedadayofmeetings,afterwhichyouareexhaustedandhaven'taccomplishedmuch.Second,peopletendtoengagein"surfaceacting”(fakingemotionsthataredeemedappropriate)duringworkmeetings.Finally,researchershavefoundthatthestrongestpredictorofmeetingeffectivenessisactiveinvolvementbytheparticipants.Ifyouareaskingyourself,"WhyamIhere?”youarenotlikelytothinkthatthemeetingisagooduseofyourtime一whichisobviouslybadforyourworksatisfaction.Takentogether,theresearchonmeetingsshowsthatifyouwanttobehappieratwork(orwantyouremployeestobehappier),youshouldfightagainstthetime-consuming,unproductivemeetingsateveryopportunity.Ifthereisoneruletorememberaboutworkmeetings,itmightbethattheyareanecessaryevil.Theyarenecessaryasorganizationsneedthemforpropercommunication,buttheyareevilinthattheyarenotirreplaceable,andshouldthusbeusedaslittleaspossibleforthesakeofproductivityandhappiness.WhydoestheauthormentionthesurveyinPara1?Toexplainthesurvey.Tointroducethetopic.Tostresstheimportanceofmeeting.D.Tostatethedisadvantageofmeeting.Whichofthefollowingbestexplains“eliminating“underlinedinPara3?A.Reducing.B.Hosting.C.Increasing.D.Avoiding.WhatismainlytalkedaboutinPara4?Theimportanceandnecessityofminimizingmeetings.Whyexcessiveandunproductivemeetingslowerjobsatisfaction.Activeinvolvementbytheparticipantsindicatesmeetingeffectiveness.Whichisthemostsuitabletitleforthetext?Workmeetings—Anecessaryevil.Workmeetings一Theless,thebetter.Workmeetings一Themore,thebetter.Workmeetings-Excessiveandunproductive.DHowcanpeoplespeaktheirmindwithoutsayinganything?Thisisaquestionthatscientistshaveaimedtoanswerforalongtime.Researchersrecentlybroughtanupgradeddevicethatcantranslateusers'brainwavesintodailyspeech.Previously,theteamledbyEdwardChangattheUniversityofCalifornia,SanFrancisco,developedanAl-basedsystemthatcanidentifyupto50commonlyusedwordsbasedontheparticipant'sbrainwaves.Theparticipantwasaparalyzed（瘫痪的）manwhohadbeenimplantedwith16electrodes（电极）underhisskull.AccordingtotheirpaperpublishedinNovember,theteamupgradedthesystemwhichcannowtranslatethoughtsintocompletesentencesonacomputerscreen.Theirtestsshowedthatthedevicecoulddecodesilentlyspokenlettersfroma1,152-wordvocabularyataspeedofabout29charactersperminute.Theaccuracywasupto94percent."Itshowsstrongpromiseforrestoringcommunicationbytappingintothebrain'snaturalspeechmachinery,“Changsaidtotheuniversity'snewswebsite.However,thismethodcanstillbeproblematicsinceusersstillneedtoundergosurgery.ScientistsattheUniversityofTexas,US,havetriedtotranslatepeople'sthoughtswithouteventouchingtheirheads,reportedLiveScience.ThenewtechniqueiscalledfMRLorfunctionalmagneticresonanceimaging（功能性磁共振成像）.It'sasaferwayof"reading“brainactivity.Activebraincellshavemoreoxygen.Bytrackingthesecells,scientistscantranslatebrainactivity.Theteamaskedparticipantstolistento16hoursofradioshowswhilescanningtheirbrains.Thentheyusedacomputeralgorithm（算法）tocreateastorybasedonthefMRIrecording.Itmatchedtheradioshowsprettywell.Also,thealgorithmcouldbasicallyexplainthestoryofasilentmoviethattheparticipantswatched.Theteamaimstodevelopthistechnologysothatitcanbeusedinbrain-computerinterfaces（脑机接LI）designedforpeoplewhocannotspeakortype.WhatdoweknowaboutthedevicementionedinPara2?A.Itwasimplantedintoaman'sheart.Itcanhelprestorepatients9lostmemory.Itwasdevelopedthroughcooperation.Itcanidentifyabout50rarelyusedwords.Bytrackingtheiractivebraincells.Byputtingelectrodesintotheirbrains.Byrecordingtheirreactiontoradioshows.Bymatchingtheirbrainactivitywiththeirhabits.WhyisfMRIchosencomparedtothefirstdevicementionedinthestory?A.It'scheaper.B.Ifsmoreaccurate.C.It'ssmallerinsize.D.Ifssafer.WhatcanbeconcludedaboutfMRIfromthelasttwoparagraphs?Itcanonlyreadwhatparticipantshear.Itcanbeusedinbrain-computerinterfaces.Itcanreadeverydetailofparticipants,minds.Itcannotworkoutwhatpeopleimagineintheirheads.第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Whenwe'rebored,mostofusendupbeinggluedtoaphone.Thatmighteaseourboredom.16Thattimecould'vebeenspentonadifferent,morevaluableactivity.Thefollowingwillhelpeaseyourboredom,andteachyoutousetimemoreproductively.Reading.17That'sbecausetheywereforcedtoreadatschool.Butwhenyouhavetheoptiontochoosewhichbookyou'regoingtoread,youcanunderstandwhyit'senjoyable.Notonlycanithelpeaseyourboredom,it'salsooneofthebestwaystoexpandyourknowledge.18Peopleoftenforgetwhythey'repursingsomethinginthefirstplace.Somemaynotevenbesurewhatthey'resupposedtobedoingintheirdailylife.Thislackofdirectionthenoftenshowsupasboredom.That'swhyhavinggoalsisimportant.Exercise.Exerciseisgoodandshouldbedonefrequently.19Mostpeoplewhoexercisedoittolookbetterinthemirror.Butthere'sanotherreasonwhyyoushouldexercise,itimprovesourbrainfunction.Cleaningupyourroom.Takealookaroundrightnow.Chancesarethatthespaceyou,rein,isfarfromclean.However,youhavetochangethat,asourphysicalenvironmenthasahugeimpactonourcognition,behavioranddecisionmaking.20Butonceweremoveallthisvisualmessfromourenvironment,we'reabletofocusandprocessinformationmuchbetter.Pursingadream.Planningandgoalsetting.Butthere'sanopportunitycost.Mostpeopleonlydoreadingafterschool.Butforsomereason,noteveryonedoesit.Whenoursurroundingsareamess,soarewe.Mostpeopledon'treadanythingafterthey'vefinishedschool.第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。IwasinWashingtoncoveringaconference.However,Icameacrossacurious-looking21shopwithitsdoorpartlyopen.Citizensheresaidithadbeenlikethat22aslongastheycouldremember,butnooneknew23,“Maybetheownerisjustlazy/I24theshadyentrance,eagertofindoutthereason.A(n)25"Welcome!”camefromaman'svoice.AndoutwalkedMr.Smith,the90-year-old26ofthiscandyshopwhichIsuddenlyrealizedhad27candies.Mr.Smithexplainedtheplacewasacandystoreopenedbyhim50yearsago,buthisenergy28inoldagesohesoldnothingforlong.IadmiredMr.Smith'slongexcellentserviceinthearea.Hehada29attitudetolife.IaskedMr.Smithwhyhisstorefrontwasinsuchastate.Mr.Smith,smiling,replied,C6I30abagbythedoorthatacustomerlefttwoyearsago.HonestlyIwanttojust31thestore,butbecausethebag'sownermightcomeby32forit,Ikeepthedooropenjustalittlebit."IwasmovedtotearsbyMr.Smith'sshockingly33deeds.Ithenlookeddown,andsureenoughtherewasasmallbagonthecounterwithapaperthatread,“34Item.”IlefttheshopfeelingbetterabouthumanityandwasgladtherearepeoplelikeMr.Smithlivingthegoodlifeandkeeping35forever.A.clothingA.everydayA.whenA.approachedA.officialA.clothingA.everydayA.whenA.approachedA.officialA.supplierA.manyA.brokeoffA.pessimisticA.buyA.manageA.lookingA.unbelievableA.RecommendedA.patience第二节(共10小题;B.foodB.occasionallyB.whereB.leftB.enthusiasticB.ownerB.someB.calmeddownB.positiveB.sellB.exchangeB.payingB.sweetFoundB.silence每小题1.5分，C.fruitC.everynightC.whyC.brokeC.elegantC.customerC.variousC.wentupC.humorousC.keepC.openC.chargingC.oddC.LostfaithD.candyrecentlyD.howD.ignoredD.humbleD.employeeD.noD.fadedawayD.coolD.exhibitD.closeD.longingD.sensibleD.DesertedD.touch满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。AnintangibleculturalheritageareainGuangzhou,thecapitalofsouthChina'sGuangdongProvince,openedthisyear,showingthelifeandnormsofancientChinesepeoplefromaculturalperspective.ThisisthesecondintangibleculturalheritageblockinGuangzhou.36(locate)onBeijingRoad,theblockhostsintangibleculturalheritagedisplaysandevents.ThefirstsuchstreetwassetinYongqingfanginLiwanDistrict,37hasbecomethecenteroflocalculturalandcreativeindustries.Ontheopeningday,aconcert38(feature)traditionalCantonesemusicandpoems39(hold)onBeijingRoadtohonorthelaunchoftheintangibleculturalheritageblock.Artistsperformedclassicalpoemswithdanceandplayedtraditionalmusical40(instrument),includingtheChinesezither(古筝).Aimingtoraisethepublic^culturalconfidenceand41(aware),thisintangibleculturalheritageblock42(regular)showsculturalrelicsandrecordsandgivesVR/ARshowsabouttheinheritance(继承)ofintangibleculturalheritage.FamousCantonesefood,arts,celebritiesandindustriesareintroducedtovisitors.Manyactivitiesareheldtoshowthecharmoftheintangibleculturalheritageblock.43additiontodisplayingculturalrelicsfromGuangdong,thisblock44（focus）ontheroleofintangibleculturalheritageinstrengtheningpeople'sculturalconfidence45developingculturaltourism.第三部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）上周六，班委会组织你们到学校劳动实践基地参加春耕、春种实践活动。请为校英文报写篇报道，内容包括：.活动的过程；.活动的意义与感想。注意：.写作词数应为80左右；.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。第二节（满分25分）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Doraisaseven-year-oldgirl.Oneday,whenshevisitedAlice'shouseshesawabeautifulbirdinacageonthebalconyofthehouse.Alicetoldheritwashernewpet.“Howbeautifulitis!”saidDora.“Ialsowanttohavesuchabirdasmypet.”ThatdaywhenDorareturnedhome,shetoldhermotheraboutAlice'sbird.Thensheasked,“Mom,canIalsogetabird?”"Ofcourse,youcan,"saidhermother."ButyouneedtowaitbecauseFvenotimetovisitapetstorethesedays."Doraagreed.Oneday,whenDora