2023年初中英语语法之常用句型结构分析及句型转换

2023年初中英语语法之常用句型结构分析及句型转换英语常用句型分析带例句句型学习是英语学习中不可或缺的一部分，掌握了句型的应用方法，无论是口语还是写作都会有一个很大的提升。1."Bethatasitmay"是"Letitbethatasitmay"的省略形式，是由"be"引起的另外一种假设结构，意思是"虽然如此，尽管这样"。Bethatasitmay,shestillchoosethisroad.尽管如此，她依旧选择了这条路。2."rangefrom…to…"结构。这是一个常见结构，译时很多情况下应变通处理，不能完全依靠辞典上的释义。Computerapplicationsrangefromanassemblylinecompletelyrunbycomputerstoachildrentoyrespondingtoremotesignals.3."theway…"结构Ialwaysthoughtshewasacommon-sensepersonwhodiscussedthingsthewaytheyoughttobediscussed.4.某些分隔结构1)动词短语相关部分被分隔(当"makeuseof"，"takenoticeof"，"payattentionto"，等动词短语变成被动语态时)。Useismadeofsolarenergyinheatinghouses.2)双重定语引起的分隔。Butthereisofcultureanotherview,inwhichnotsolelythescientificpassion,thesheerdesiretoseethingsastheyare,naturalandproperinanintelligentbeing,appearsasthegroundofit.5."tobedoing…when…"是一个句型，多译为"某人正在做……时，突然……"。在简单的句子中容易看出，一旦句子变得复杂一些，可能就不太容易识别这种句型。Shesaidsheandafriendhadgoneouttodinnerthatnight,andwerewalkinghometogetheratabout10o'clock,whena"verybig,verytallman",accostedthemanddemandedtheirpurses.在十点钟结伴回家时，突然一个又高又壮的男人出现.......6."so…that,such…that"是一个普通的句型，但在同一个句子里有两处使用它却比较少见。Thetruthis,thatinonepointofview,thismatterofnationalliteraturehascometosuchapasswithus,thatinsomesensewemustturnbullies,elsethedayislost,orsuperioritysofarbeyondus,thatwecanhardlysayitwilleverbeours.7."bydoing…"结构。这个结构的意思是"通过(做)……"，但翻译实践中不能拘泥于这种释义，不少情况下需要灵活变通。Thehippos,bydepositingdunginthewater,fedthefishthatsupportthestorksthatdestroytheraretrees.8."Itoccurredtosb.that…"意为"突然想到"，"Itdawnedon突然想起"等。从句是想起的内容。Irememberoncebeingonabusandlookingatastranger.9."Itfollowsthat…"="Ithappensasaresult…"常常被译为"由此可见"，"因此"，"从前"，"可以推断"等等。Itfollowsthatthehousewifewillalsoexpecttobeabletohavemoreleisureinherlifewithoutloweringherstandardofliving.10."that'sallthereistoit"，意思是"也不过如此而已"。可根据上下文视情况处理。IfI'mtouched,I'mtouched-that'sallthereistoit.我碰了就是碰了。阅读中常出现的句型结构是哪些1.表转折：but,however,yet,infact,ontheotherhand;A,butB:否定A而肯定B，则A，B两部分内容是相反的。例如：Computerizeddatastorageandelectronicmailweretohaveheraldedthepaperlessoffice.But,contrarytoexpectations,paperconsumptionthroughouttheworldshowsnosignofabating.解释：paperless表示负向，则but后nosignofabating表示正向，所以abating是表示负向的词。总结：此种方法有利于在不认识单词的前提下读懂句子意思，很有帮助，但一定要练习，而且要敏感。练习：Themarginalcostsofgeneratingelectricityfromnuclearenergymaybetiny,but,asthetechnologynowstands,hugeanduncertaincostsareinvolvedinbuildingthepowerstations,dealingwithspentfuel,anddecommissioning.2.表让步：(1)although：althoughA,B:尽管有A，B还是出现了(A，B互不影响)若A是正，那B就是负的。例如：AlthoughtheworldregardsAsiaasthefocusofaneconomicandindustrialmiracle,withoutadequatesuppliesoffood,Lampesays,chaoscouldeasilyresultinmanycountries.解释：miracle奇迹，表正向,则but后的chaos是一个表负向的词。(2)while：五个含义：A.although：虽然，尽管B.aslongas：只要C.whereas,but：表转折：当。。。的时候E.n.表一段时间例如：Whileducksoffermanyadvantagesoverhens,theymustbegivengreaterqualityoffood,especiallyifregulareggsaredesired.解释：原文在本段之前讲鸭子的好，在本段之后讲它的不好。(3)Albeit：尽管，虽然例如：Albeittruebutnotnow.3.表并列：AandBA...andB...(1)并列双方性质相同;(2)当A、B都比较复杂时，应该从最后一项找起，根据B的形式到前文找到A例如：Themoderncityconsistsofmonstrousedificesandofdark,narrowstreetsfullofpetrolfumesandtoxicgases,tornbythenoiseofthetaxicabs,lorriesandbuses,andthrongedceaselesslybygreatcrowds.解释：此句话中共有四个and,第一个and并列of结构，第二个and并列fumes和toxic,第三个and并列taxicabs,lorries和buses,第四个and并列fullof…,tornby…和thronged…4表递进：没有转折的意思，后项承接上文。AfurthermoreBAmoreoverBAbesidesBA为正向，B仍为正向。5表顺序或过程：(1)first,then,next,lateron,finally(2)1st,2nd,3rd…(3)inthefirstplace,inthesecondplace…句型转换解析：主动语态和被动语态1．主动语态改被动语态的方法①将主动语态的宾语改为被动语态的主语②将主动语态的谓语动词改为“be＋过去分词”结构③将主动语态的主语改为介词by之后的宾语，放在谓语动词之后（有时可省略）。eg.Hebroketheglass.→Theglasswasbrokenbyhim.*含直接宾语和间接宾语的主动语态改为被动语态时有两种情况：①把间接宾语改为被动语态的主语，直接宾语仍保留原位；②把直接宾语改为主动语态的主语，此时，间接宾语前要加介词to或for。eg.Hegavetheboyanapple．→Theboywasgivenanapple．（或Anapplewasgiventotheboy．）*不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语的主动语态，改为被动语态时不定式前要加to。eg.Theywatchedthechildrensingthatmorning．→Thechildrenwerewatchedtosingthatmorning．*短语动词是不可分割的整体，改为被动语态时要保持其完整性，介词或副词不可遗漏。eg.Wemusttakegoodcareoftheyoungtrees．→Theyoungtreesmustbetakengoodcareof．*含有宾语从句的主动结构变为被动结构时，通常用it作为被动结构的先行主语，从句放在句子后面；也可采用另一种形式。eg.Allofthestudentsknowthatthehea