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PowerTransitionTrends2022
Coalpowerspikes,butprogressonrenewablesbringshope
SofiaMaia
LuizaDemôro
September21,2022
585
409
-237
Coal
Wind
Other-fossil
NaturalGasHydro
SolarNuclear
Otherrenewables
Executivesummary
5.6%8.5%
75%
Growthinglobalpowerproductionin2020-2021
Spikeincoalgenerationin2020-2021
Windandsolar’sshareof2021capacityadditions
Theworldrecordedanunprecedentedspikeincoalgenerationin2021ascountries
turnedtoexistingfleetsoffossil-fueledpowerplantstomeetfast-growingpower
demandandkeepthelightsonamiddroughtsandhighernaturalgasprices.However,
renewabletechnologiesalsohadabanneryear,bothintermsofcontributionstoglobal
generationandnewcapacityadded.
Whatoccursoverthebalanceofthisdecadestandstobedecisiveindetermining
whethertheworldachievesanet-zeroemissionspathandpolicymechanismsto
Globalannualgenerationchangebytechnology
addresstoday’senergychallengeswillinfluencehowthatfutureunfolds.Thisannual
reportexaminestrendsinglobalgeneration,capacityandemissions.Itaimsto
TWh1,5001,2501,000 750 500 250 0 -250-500
750
271316
-256-273
2012201320142015201620172018201920202021
illustratetopolicymakers,investorsandotherkeystakeholders,aheadofCOP27,the
stateofthepowersectorgloballythroughyear-end2021.Itisbasedondatacollected
byBloombergNEFanalystsonsixcontinentsfromprimarysourcesin136countries
andmarkets,alongwithaggregateddatafromtherestoftheworld.Keyfindings
include:
●Theworldsawanunprecedentedspikeinglobalcoalgeneration2020-2021,withan8.5%jumpinpowerproductionfromthetechnology.GreatercoaluseboostedpowersectorCO2emissions7%in2021fromtheyearprior.
●Threefactorscontributedtothecoalsurge:reboundingtop-lineelectricitydemand
thankstoeconomicrecovery,lowerhydrogenerationduetodroughtsaroundthe
worldandhighernaturalgasprices.HalfofthecountriesthatpledgedattheCOP26talkstophaseoutcoalrecordedgrowthincoalgenerationin2021.
Source:BloombergNEF
1September21,2022
Executivesummary(2)
●LedbyAsia,totalglobalpowerproductionjumped5.6%in2021aseconomiesbouncedbackfromtheimpactsofCovid-19.Powergenerationspikedto27,300TWhfrom25,800TWhtosetanewhighfollowingthreeyearsofstableelectricitydemand.
●Solarachievedanewmilestonein2021,clearing1,000TWhofgenerationforthefirsttime,whilewindneared2,000TWh.Together,the
technologiesaccountedfor10.5%ofallpowerproducedworldwide.Inall,zero-carbongenerationtotaledover10,000TWhtomeetnearly40%ofglobalpowerdemand.
●Windandsolaraccountedforthreequartersofthe364GWofnewcapacityinstalledin2021.Solaralonewashalfofallcapacityaddedandsolarannualbuildwas25%higherin2021thanin2020.Meanwhile,netgrowthincoalcapacitywasatitslowestinatleast15years.Inall,fossilfuelsaccountedforonly14%oftotalcapacityaddedintheyear.
●Morecountriesthaneverareoptingtobuildrenewableenergy.In2021,overthreequartersoftheworld’snationssurveyedinstalledmorecleanpower(includinghydro)onacapacitybasisthananyothertechnology.Solarwasthetechnologyofchoiceinnearlyhalfoftheworld’snations.Hydrofollowedwith15%,downfrom20%adecadeearlier.
●Solarisalsoquicklyspreadingtonewmarketsthoughdeploymentatscaleremainssomewhatconcentrated.In2021,thenumberofcountriesthatinstalledatleast1MWofsolarcapacityreachedanewhighof112markets–7.5timesthenumberofmarketsthataddedcoal.Thisisupfrom101marketsin2020andjust55in2012.
●53economiesaddedsomewindcapacityin2021,upfrom44in2020.Still,cleanenergydeploymentatscaleremainsconcentrated.Tenmarketsaccountedfor85%ofsolarcapacityadded.Aseparate10werewhere89%of2021windgotbuilt.
●Totalglobalpower-generatingcapacityhasnearlydoubledover15yearsandreachedanewhighat7.9TWin2021.TheAsia-Pacificregionhasledthecapacityboomwith191%growth2006-2021.Coalcontinuestoaccountforoveraquarteroftheglobalinstalledcapacity.
2September21,2022
Globalpowergenerationrebounded
in2021
Globalannualgenerationbytechnology
'000TWh
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
27.3
25.8
1.42.7
4.2
25.4
1.22.7
4.1
25.8
23.9
1.02.6
4.0
24.5
23.2
2.5
3.9
22.8
2.5
3.8
22.3
2.4
3.7
1.0
21.8
2.43.6
1.62.6
4.3
1.12.6
1.92.7
4.3
4.0
5.25.05.15.55.75.7
5.96.16.16.2
8.58.99.08.78.89.19.49.18.99.6
2012201320142015201620172018201920202021
Coal
Wind
Geothermal
NaturalGas
Solar
Other-fossil
Hydro
Oil&Diesel
Nuclear
Biomass&Waste
Source:BloombergNEF
Totalglobalpowerproductionjumped5.6%in2021aseconomiesreboundedfromtheworstoftheCovid-19pandemic.Generationspikedfrom25,800terawatt-
hours(TWh)in2020to27,300TWhin2021.Thismarkedanewhighandcameontheheelsofthreeyearsofflatelectricitydemand.
Coalledthegrowthwithan8.5%jumpfrom2020-
2021.Totalglobalcoalgenerationreacheditshighestleveleverin2021at9,600TWh.Overtwothirdsof
marketswithsomecoalcapacityinstalled(52aroundtheworld)sawcoalgenerationgrow2020-2021.Bycomparison,from2019-2020coalusageroseinjust27markets.
Globalsolargenerationreached1,000TWhforthefirsttime,whilewindneared2,000TWh.Allzero-carbon
sourcesofgeneration(renewables,hydroand
nuclear)totaledover10,000TWh,ornearly40%of
globalpowerproduction.Generationfromnaturalgasandnuclearrose3%and4%,respectively,while
hydropower’scontributionslidby0.7%.
3September21,2022
27.3
30
25
20
15
10
5
25.8
25.8
25.4
24.5
23.9
23.2
22.8
22.3
21.8
5.1
5.1
5.5
5.1
4.9
5.2
5.2
5.0
5.3
5.2
5.1
5.2
5.0
5.1
5.0
5.0
5.0
4.9
5.0
5.0
4.6
4.9
4.9
4.6
4.8
5.0
4.4
4.8
5.0
4.3
13.7
Asiadrovethegenerationgrowth
Globalannualgenerationbyregionorcountry
'000TWh
4.95.35.65.65.96.36.77.27.48.2
0
2012201320142015201620172018201920202021
ChinaAsia-Pacific(excl.China)
EuropeNorthAmerica&Caribbean
MiddleEastCentral&SouthAmerica
Africa
TheAsia-Pacificregionledthespikeinglobal
electricityproductionwitha9%2020-21jump.Thankstoastrongeconomicrebound,Chinasawgenerationrise10.5%to8,200TWh.Thismarkeditslargest
singleyear-on-yearjumpinadecade.
PowerproductioninAsia-Pacificmarkets(excludingChina)isnowgreaterthaninEuropeorNorth
America&Caribbean.Theseeconomiesaccountforthelargestgrowthinpowerproductionover10yearsandjumped6%2020-2021to5,500TWh.TheuptakewasledmainlybyIndia,SouthKorea,Malaysia,
JapanandIndonesia,whichtogetherrepresented73%ofAsia’sex-Chinatotalgenerationgrowth.
Central&SouthAmericaandEuropesawgeneration
grow5.6%and4.3%,respectively.Meanwhilein
NorthAmerica&CaribbeanandAfrica,power
demandhasremainedroughlyflat.
Source:BloombergNEF
4September21,2022
DemandforelectricityfromtheAsia-Pacificregionhasrisenswiftlyoverthepastdecadeandthecontinent
nowaccountsforhalfofglobalgeneration.Chinaaloneaccountsfor30%oftheglobalpower
generation.
DemandinNorthAmericaandEuropehasdeclinedoveradecadeandtouchednewlowsin2021.NorthAmericaandEuropeaccountedfor19%eachoftheworld’selectricityproductionin2021,downfrom23%and22%,respectivelyin2020.
TheMiddleEast,Central&SouthAmericaandAfricahavebroadlyheldtheirsharesofglobalgeneration,astherateofgrowthindemandinthesenationshas
5%
5%
19%
5%
5%
21%
5%
5%
20%
5%
5%
20%
5%
4%
22%
5%
5%
20%
5%
5%
21%
5%
4%
22%
5%
5%
21%
5%
5%
21%
19%
19%
19%
20%
21%
21%
22%
21%
22%
23%
20%
20%
20%
21%
20%
20%
20%
20%
20%
20%
50%
30%
29%
28%
27%
26%
25%
24%
24%
24%
23%
Asiaaccountsforhalfofglobal
electricitydemand
Shareofannualgenerationbyregionorcountry
2012201320142015201620172018201920202021
ChinaAsia-Pacific(excl.China)
EuropeNorthAmerica&Caribbean
MiddleEastCentral&SouthAmerica
Africa
generallymatchedtheglobalgrowthrate.TheMideastandCentral&SouthAmericaaccountfor5%ofglobalelectricitygenerationeach,whileAfricarepresents
3%.
Source:BloombergNEF
5September21,2022
1,000
500
0
-124-119
-237
-256-273
143
91
261
226
158
297
118
270
750
585
201
101
137
205
104
316
126
78
137
198
139
105
116
409
177
271
118
326
71
96
109
148
170
89
Coalaccountedforthemajorityof
additionalgenerationin2021
Globalannualgenerationchange
TWh
1,500
-94
-500
2012201320142015201620172018201920202021
Biomass&WasteHydro
Oil&Diesel
Solar
Coal
NaturalGas
Other-fossil
GeothermalNuclear
Wind
Forthefirsttimesince2013,coal-firedpowerplantswerethetopcontributortotop-linepowergenerationgrowth.Followingtwoyearsofdecline,coalgenerationjumped750TWhin
2021andaccountedforoverhalfofallnetadditionalpowergeneration.Threefactorsexplainedthesurge:fast-growingpost-pandemicelectricitydemandoverall,depressedhydrogenerationduetodroughtsandhighernaturalgasprices.
Anothercoalgenerationspikeispossiblein2022as
Europeannationsseekshort-termsolutionstocompensatefordroughtsandextremelyhighgasprices.Germanyhas
thisyearreactivated4.8GWoffossilfuelpowerplants,
including3.2GWofcoal-firedcapacity.Another5.5GWof
coalisexpectedonlinebyyear-end,alongwith4GWof
nuclearcapacity.OtherEuropeancountriesareexpectedtofollowsimilarpaths.
Source:BloombergNEF
6September21,2022
China,IndiaandtheUSledthecoal
generationspike
Annualcoalgenerationchangeintopmarketsforcoal
electricitygrowth
TWh
800
600
400
200
0
-200
-400
20172018201920202021
2020-2021coalgenerationchange
+395TWh
+153TWh
+110TWh
+30TWh
+29TWh
+9TWh
+7TWh
+6TWh
+6TWh
+5TWh
China
India
US
Germany
Poland
IndonesiaAustralia
Brazil
Netherlands
Philippines
China,IndiaandtheUSledthespikeincoalpowerproduction.Thesemarketssawcoalgenerationjump9%,16%and14%,respectively2020-2021.
Coal’sreboundin2021cameaftermuch-celebrated
declinesinpreviousyears.TheUS,Germany,
NetherlandsandItalyareamongcountrieswherecoalelectricityhasbeentrendingdownsinceatleast2017.
HalfofthecountriesthatpledgedtophaseoutcoalatCOP26recordedgrowthincoalgenerationin2021.InNovember2021,over40countriescommittedtoretirecoalcapacityandnearlyallworldnationspledgedtophasedownunabatedcoalplants.Still,many
countriestrendedintheoppositedirectionin2021.
Source:BloombergNEF
7September21,2022
Over85%ofcoalgenerationoccursin
just10countries
Topcountriesforcoalgeneration
16%15%15%15%15%14%14%14%13%13%
9%
11%
9%
11%
10%
11%
12%
11%
12%
11%
15%
8%
15%
8%
15%13%13%
9%10%11%
44%45%45%45%45%46%48%50%52%52%
2012201320142015201620172018201920202021
Source:BloombergNEF
Othercountries
Australia
Russia
Germany
SouthAfrica
Indonesia
SouthKorea
Japan
US
India
China
Tencountriesaccountedfor87%ofthetotalcoal
powerproducedgloballyin2021.Thiswasvirtuallyunchangedfrom2020.China,IndiaandtheUS
accountedtogetherfor63%.JapanandSouthKoreacompletedthetopfive,with3%and2%ofthetotal,respectively.
Chinahasbeenthetopcoalgeneratorforatleastthelast15yearsandin2021wasresponsiblefor52%ofcoalgeneration,upfrom44%in2012.Itscoalpowerproductionhasconsistentlyincreasedsince2015andrecordeda9%jump2020-2021.
Indiawasthesecondbiggestcoalgeneratorandwasresponsiblefor11%ofthetotal,or1,100TWhwiththeUSrightafterwith9%,or904TWh.Unlikeallothersinthetop10,theUShascutitscoalgenerationshare
sincethebeginningofthedecade.In2012,theUSwas15%ofcoalgeneration;in2021,itwas9%.
8September21,2022
Manymarketscontinuetorelyheavily
oncoal
Leadingnations’coalpenetrationrates
100%
90%
80%
70%
60%
50%
40%
30%
2012201320142015201620172018201920202021
Mongolia
SouthAfrica
Kazakhstan
India
Poland
Morocco
Serbia
Indonesia
China
Philippines
Tencountriesrelyoncoaltomeetat60%oftheir
powerdemand.Mongolialeads,withover90%ofitselectricitycomingfromcoal,followedbySouthAfricawith86%.Inbothnations,growthinwindandsolar
usehasslowlyhelpedreducecoal’sshare.
Kazakhstan,IndiaandPolandfollowwith79%,74%and73%,respectively.
ThePhilippinesandIndonesiahasseentheirrelianceoncoalrisemostoverthepastdecade.Inboth
nations,coalhasbeennearlytheonlysourcemeetingfast-growingdemand.Renewableshaveseenlimitedprogressbycomparison.Philippines’coalreliance
spikedfrom39%in2012to59%in2021.In
Indonesia,itjumped49%to61%overthesame
period.
Source:BloombergNEF
9September21,2022
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
Highercoalgenerationboostedpower
sectoremissions7%
Globalpowersectoremissionsbytechnology
MtCO2e
16,000
14,000
12,000
10,000
8,000
6,000
4,000
2,000
0
CoalNaturalGasOil&Diesel
Source:BloombergNEFandNEO2020
Globalpowersectoremissionsbycountry
36%36%35%
36%
37%
37%38%
38%
37%37%
4%6%
8%
13%
4%6%
8%
13%
4%3%5%5%
8%8%12%12%
4%6%
8%
13%
4%4%6%6%
7%8%
14%14%
5%6%
6%
15%
5%5%
6%6%
6%7%
15%15%
34%
33%
36%36%
32%
31%31%
30%
31%31%
China
India
Japan
UnitedStatesRussia
Othercountries
PowersectorCO2emissionsrose7%in2021fromthe
yearpriortosetanewrecord.Thiswasmainlydueto
thejumpinyear-on-yearcoalgeneration.Emissions
fromcoal-firedpowerplantsrose8%in2021fromthe
prioryear.Naturalgasemissionsalsoincreased4%
comparedto2020.Thismarkedthebiggestyear-on-yearriseingas-relatedemissionssince2014-2015.
Duetohighcoalgeneration,China,theUSandIndiaareresponsiblefor57%ofglobalpowersectoremissions.
RussiaandJapanfollowfarbehindwith5%and3%,respectively.
Whileemissionsremainedflatorslidslightly2019-2020inabsolutetermsinmostnations,inChinatheyrose1%in2020and9%in2021.Since2015,thecountryhas
consistentlyraiseditsshareoftotalglobalpowersectoremissions.Insixyears,China’spower-sectoremissionshavesoared28%overthelastsixyears.
10September21,2022
Withnearly3,000TWhofpowerproducedin2021,
windandsolaraccountedforacombined10.5%of
2021generation.Wind’scontributionroseto6.8%,upfromjust0.7%adecadeago,whilesolarreached
3.7%upfromvirtuallynothingin2012.Non-hydro
renewables(wind,solar,geothermalandbiomass)reached13%oftotalgeneration,comparedto5%atthebeginningofthisdecade.
Zero-carbontechnologiesaccountedfor39%oftotalgenerationin2021.Hydroandnuclearwere16%and10%respectivelyin2021,buttheparticipationof
thesetechnologiesingridshasjustfluctuatedoverthedecade.
11%11%11%4%4%5%5%%
11%11%11%10%11%10%10%
17%
17%
17%
17%
17%
16%
16%
16%
17%
16%
23%
24%
23%
24%
24%
23%
23%
24%
23%
24%
39%40%39%38%37%37%37%35%34%35%
Windandsolarsurpassed10%of
globalgenerationforthefirsttime
Shareofglobalgenerationbytechnology
2012201320142015201620172018201920202021
CoalNaturalGasHydroNuclear
WindSolarOil&DieselBiomass&Waste
GeothermalOther-fossil
Fossilfuelsremaintheworld’smainpowersourceandaccountedfor61%of2021globalgeneration.Coal
remainedthetoptechnologyin2021at35%.Naturalgasfollowedwitha23%contribution.
Source:BloombergNEF
11September21,2022
16%
9%
4%
9%
Solarisconcentratedinasmallnumber
ofmarkets,butothersaregrowing
Leadingnations’sharesofglobalsolargeneration
9%10%10%12%12%11%11%13%14%14%
3%
4%
3%3%3%4%6%
5%
6%
4%
6%
13%
7%
7%
7%
12%
7%
3%
3%
20%
26%
15%
12%11%
15%
30%
3%
32%
30%
9%13%17%
33%
19%
16%
7%
14%
17%
17%
5%14%15%15%
12%13%11%
27%23%
7%
3%
6%
11%
10%
10%9%
12%
19%15%
9%
4%
8%
3%
7%
2%
6%
3%
3%
5%
2012201320142015201620172018201920202021
Source:BloombergNEF
Othercountries
UK
Turkey
Brazil
Vietnam
Mexico
SouthKorea
India
Australia
China
France
US
Japan
Spain
Italy
Germany
Whilesolargenerationremainsconcentratedina
relativelysmallgroupofcountries,newleadershaveemergedoverthedecade.In2012,mostsolarpowerproductionwasconcentratedindevelopednations,
butoverthedecadeithasgainedmomentumina
growinganddiversenumberofnations.In2012,only33countrieshadsolargenerationabove20GWh.By2021,thishadmorethantripledto118countries.
AthirdofglobalsolargenerationoccurredinChinain2021.TheUS,JapanandIndiafollowedwith11%,9%and7%,respectively.Vietnam,MexicoandBrazilareotheremergingmarketsthathaveseensolar
generationgrowoverpastfewyears.Together,theyaccountedfor6%of2021globalsolargeneration.
12September21,2022
2006
2007
2008
2013
2014
2015
2016
Totalinstalledcapacityhasnearly
doubledin15years
Globalinstalledcapacitybytechnology
Globalinstalledpower-generatingcapacityreachedanewhighin2021of7.9TW,nearlydoublethe4TW
TW
7.9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
7.5
7.2
6.9
6.6
6.4
6.0
installed15yearsago.From2020to2021,capacitygrew4.8%,thebiggestincreasesince2015-2016.
5.8
0.41.0
0.8
0.7
1.2
1.0
5.5
0.7
0.6
1.2
5.3
0.5
0.6
5.0
0.8
1.2
0.4
0.5
4.8
0.3
0.5
4.5
4.3
0.4
1.1
4.2
4.0
1.1
1.1
1.1
1.01.0
0.9
1.4
0.9
1.3
0.9
1.3
1.41.51.51.61.61.71.71.81.81.8
0.8
1.2
0.8
0.8
1.1
Windandsolargrewfastest.SolarPVcapacityjumped23%2020-2021to973GWin2021.Thatismorethanninetimesthe103GWthatwasonlinein2012and139timesthe7GWthatwasinstalledin2006.Globalwindcapacityjumped12%2020-2021to833GW.Totalwindcapacityinstalledhasnearlytripledinadecade.
1.2
1.21.31.41.41.51.61.71.71.81.91.92.02.02.12.12.1
Weexpectwindandsolartoaccountforoveraquarterglobalcapacitybytheendof2022.Together,these
CoalWind
2009
2010
2011
2012
NaturalGasSolar
Hydro
Nuclear
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
Other-fossilOil&Diesel
technologieswere23%ofglobalcapacityasofyear-end2021.Zero-carbontechnologiesreached45%ofglobalcapacity,upfromjust11%in2012.
Biomass&WasteGeothermal
Coalstillaccountsforthelargestindividualshareofglobalcapacity.Coalcapacityonlinecontinuestoriseevenasitsshareonpercentagebasisdeclines.
Source:BloombergNEF
13September21,2022
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
7.9
0.20.3
0.4
+123%
7.57.2
TW8
6.96.6
7
6.4
6.0
5.81.6
+117%
6
4.24.34.54.85.05.35.51.41.41.41.41.51.51.6
5
+90%
4.01.41.5
1.11.11.21.21.31.31.31.31.41.41.41.5
4
+40%
3
1.21.2
1.11.11.23.8
2
1.13.03.13.33.6
+44%
2.22.42.62.81.31.41.51.71.81.92.0
1
AsiaandAfrica’scapacityhasgrown
fastestinthepast15years
2006-2021
Globalinstalledcapacitybyregion
growth:
0
+191%
Source:BloombergNEF
Africa
Middle
East
Central&
South
America
Europe
North
America&
Caribbean
Asia-
Pacific
TheAsia-Pacific’spower-generatingcapacityhas
nearlytripledinadecadeandahalf.Inabsolute
numbers,APAC’stotalinstalledcapacityjumpedfrom1.3TWin2006to3.8TWin2021.Laos,Cambodia
andVietnamallrecordedimpressiveexpansionsof
theirpowermatrices,withgrowthratesrangingfrom528%toover1,100%since2006.Africafollowedwitha123%jumpovertheperiod.In2021,thecontinent
reached249GWofcapacity,upfrom111GWin2006,Angola,EthiopiaandRwandaareamongtheAfricannationsthatsawtheirinstalledcapacitygrowmost
overtheperiod.
EuropeandNorthAmericaweretheregionsthathave
grownleastsince2006.Theseregionssawtheir
powermatrixesgrowbyjust40%and44%,
respectively.
14September21,2022
2013
4%
5%
4%
5%
27%
4%
5%
26%
4%5%
5%5%
25%24%
5%5%
5%5%
24%23%
5%
5%
23%
5%5%5%5%5%5%
5%5%5%5%5%5%
22%22%21%21%21%20%
4%4%
5%5%
20%20%
27%
20%20%
24%23%22%21%21%21%18%18%18%18%18%19%
24%25%25%26%27%28%
25%
26%25%
26%26%
27%
27%
28%
19%19%
18%
17%17%
17%17%
18%
18%
18%
29%30%
22%
21%22%
19%20%
18%
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
Asiaishometonearlyhalfofglobal
installedcapacity
Shareofglobalinstalledcapacitybyregionorcountry
15%
16%
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
China
Europe
Central&SouthAmerica
Asia-Pacific(excl.China)
NorthAmerica&CaribbeanMiddleEast
Source:BloombergNEF
49%
2021reaffirmedtheAsia-Pacificregion’sroleinthe
globalpowermixandtheregionnowishometo49%ofglobalinstalledcapacity.Asofyear-end2021,
APACtotaled3.8TWinstalled,withChinaaccounting
alonefor30%ofthetotalglobal.Thecountry’s
capacityhasmorethandoubledoveradecade,from1.1TWin2012to2.3TWin2021.
ApartfromAsia,allotherregionsbroadlyheldtheirshares2020-2021withEuropeandNorthAmerica
remainingthesecondlargestregionsforinstalled
capacity,accountingfor20%each.However,thesewerealsotheonlytworegionstoseetheirsharesof
capacitydropsharplysince2006,wheneach
accountedfor27%ofglobalcapacity.
Despitebeinghometo16%oftheworld’spopulation,Africahasjust3%ofinstalledglobalcapacity.This
sharehasremainedstableoverthepast15years.
15September21,2022
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
323536
32
15316135
33
31
32
27
31
32
27
30
26
30
535455
30
52
4647
444445
4751546269779398100102
300
250
200
150
100
50
179
14
FossilfuelspredominateinAfricabut
areconcentratedinfivecountries
Africainstalledcapacityby
technology
GW
300
233242249
223
2061014
16717919130313029
250
200
150
49
100
50
0
NaturalGas
Hydro
Other-fossil
Wind
Biomass&Waste
Source:BloombergNEF
Coal
Oil&Diesel
Solar
Nuclear
Geothermal
Africainstalledcapacitybymarket
GW
233242249
223
206
191
74
77
57
153161167
60
64
69
66
14
485053
1212
19
13
13
19
14
21
14
22
22
24
13151617
46464749525557596263
29313236
40
46
5559
59
60
0
SouthAfrica
Algeria
Morocco
Egypt
Nigeria
Othercountries
FossilfuelsdominateAfrica’spowermatrixwith
naturalgasaccountingfor41%capacityinstalled,
followedbycoalwith22%.Renewables(including
largehydro)haveconsistentlygrownoverthedecadeandnowaccountfor23%ofthecontinent’stotal
capacity.Solarjumpedfromjust0.3GWin2012to
14GWin2021,whilewindgrewfrom1.2GWto8GWovertheperiod.
Africa’stotalinstalledcapacityisheavilyconcentratedinfivecountries,whicharealsohometofiveofthesixhighestelectrificationratesonthecontinent.South
Africa,Egypt,Algeria,NigeriaandMoroccoaccountfor69%oftheregion’spowermatrixat172GW.
SolarhasthepotentialtocloseAfrica’selectrificationrategapasaroundthreequartersoftheSub-SaharanAfrica(SSA)populationstilllacksaccesstoreliable
electricity.BNEF’s2020NewEnergyOutlookprojectsthatsolarinSSAcouldreach55GWin2030andover400GWin2050.However,toallowPVtoflourish,
financialandregulatorybarriersmustbeaddressed.
16September21,2022
4%4%
16%
12%
18%
13%
20%
7%
15%
10%
17%
14%
20%
17%
18%
13%
21%
12%
17%
13%
15%
10%
14%
21%
20%
25%
19%
17%13%
21%
36%
36%41%43%
50%
22%
11%
16%
17%
11%
13%
19%
6%
17%22%
31%
28%
29%
6%25%
22%
46%36%30%29%35%32%22%25%25%27%
Solarwashalfofallcapacityinstalled
in2021
Shareofglobalcapacityadditionsbytechnology
2007
2008
2009
Coal
Solar
Other-fossil
2010
2011
2012
2013
NaturalGasNuclear
Geothermal
2014
2015
2016
Hydro
Oil&Diesel
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
Wind
Biomass&Waste
Source:BloombergNEF.Note:Shareofglobalcapacityadditionsexcludingretirements.
Newpower-generatingcapacityaddedgloballysetanewrecordin2021at364GW.Thiswasup7%from339GWin2020,andup41%from257GWaddedin2012.
Solarwas50%ofallcapacityadded,followedbywindat25%.PVadditionsin2021were25.5%largerthanthosein2020.
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