英语语法六年级下册 Units 1～10

六年级下册

Units1～10【重点单词】1._____ (adv.)什么时候2._______ (adj.&n.)特别喜爱的(人或事物)3.____ (adv.)为什么4._______ (conj.)因为5._____ (v.)完成;做好6._____ (v.)说(某种语言);说话7.____ (v.)参加;加入whenfavoritewhybecausefinishspeakjoin8.___ (v.)讲述;告诉9.____ (adv.)也;而且10._____ (adv.)从不;绝不11.______ (adv.)或者;也(用在否定词组后)12._________ (adv.)有时;间或13._____ (v.)穿;戴14._________ (adj.)重要的15._____ (v.)放松;休息tellalsonevereithersometimeswearimportantrelax16._________ (v.)记住;记起17._____ (v.)保持;保留18.______ (v.)忘记;遗忘19.____ (v.&n.)付费20.______ (v.)花(时间、钱等)21._____ (v.)享受;喜爱rememberkeepforgetpayspendenjoy【词汇拓展】1.five(num.)→____(num.)第五2.nine(num.) →_____(num.)第九3.twelve(num.) →_______(num.)第十二4.twenty(num.) →_________(num.)第二十5.busy(adj.) →____(反义词)空闲的6.use(v.) →______(adj.)有用的 →useless(adj.)无用的fifthninthtwelfthtwentiethfreeuseful7.tooth(n.) →_____(pl.)牙齿8.usual(adj.) →_______(adv.)通常地;一般地 →unusual(反义词)不经常的9.fun(n.) →______(adj.)滑稽好笑的10.sleep(v.) →______(adj.)睡着的 →______(adj.)困倦的teethusuallyfunnyasleepsleepy11.child(n.) →________(pl.)儿童12.sun(n.) →______(adj.)晴朗的13.rain(n.) →_____(adj.)阴雨的;多雨的14.cross(v.) →______(adv.&prep.)过;穿过 →_______(n.)十字路口15.quick(adj.) →_______(adv.)很快地childrensunnyrainyacrosscrossingquickly【短语快译】1.无疑;肯定 _______2.从……到…… ____________3.下国际象棋 _________4.擅长于…… _________5.弹钢琴 _____________6.善于应付……的 ___________7.在某方面帮助(某人) ________________forsurefrom...to...playchessbegoodatplaythepianobegoodwithhelp(sb.)withsth.8.起床;站起 ______9.散步;走一走 __________10.或者……或者…… _____________11.实现;成为现实 _________12.准时 __________13.听…… __________14.对某人要求严格 _______________15.稍微;有点儿 _______etrue(be)ontimelistento...bestrictwithsb.kindof16.迷路

_______17.处于(极大)危险中 ________________18.由……制成的 ___________19.捎个口信;传话 _____________20.在……前面 _________21.沿着(这条街)走 _________________22.向右/左转 ____________getlostbein(great)danger(be)madeoftakeamessageinfrontofgoalong(thestreet)turnright/left【句式填写】1.你的生日是在什么时候?________yourbirthday?2.你会弹吉他吗?____you_____________?3.你几点钟去上学?____________you___toschool?WhenisCanplaytheguitarWhattimedogo4.你怎样到校?________you_____school?5.对许多学生而言,到校很容易。Formanystudents,__iseasy_______school.6.不要在课上吃东西。________inclass.HowdogettoittogettoDon’teat7.——你为什么喜欢熊猫?(询问原因)—_____doyoulikepandas?——因为它们有些有趣。—_______they’rekindofinteresting.8.你(正)在干什么?_____areyou______?9.天气怎么样?(询问天气)______theweather?WhyBecauseWhatdoingHow’s10.——这附近有医院吗?(问路)—_______ahospitalnearhere?——是的,有。在大桥街上。(指路)—Yes,_______.______BridgeStreet.IstherethereisIt’son考点一

Haveagoodtime!

(表示祝愿)过得愉快!【知识构建】(1)本句是常用交际用语,表示对别人的祝福,意为“过得愉快!”句中good可以换用great/nice等,time可以换用day/trip等。(2)当听到对方远行或度假时,我们常用以下句式表示祝福:Havefun!/Haveagoodtime!/Enjoyyourself!【归纳拓展】其他常用情景交际用语①对方提出表扬,常用答语:Thankyou./Thanksalot.等。②对方提出答谢,常用答语:You’rewelcome./That’sOK./It’sapleasure.。③对方感谢赠送礼物、招待用餐或聚会,常用答语:I’mgladyoulikedit./I’mgladyouenjoyedit.。④对方提出道歉,常用答语:Notatall./Itdoesn’tmatter./Nevermind.。⑤对方要参加考试,常用祝福语:Goodluck.。⑥对方有好消息告知,常用答语:Congratulations(toyou)!。⑦对方有不幸消息告知,常用答语:I’msorrytohearthat.。⑧对方发出邀请,常用答语:I’dloveto./Thanksforyourinvitation.等。⑨对方提出建议,常用答语:Goodidea!/Thatsoundsgood!。【即学活用】①——我打算明天去北京度假。——过得愉快!—I’mgoingtoBeijingonvacationtomorrow.—________________!②——我下周有一个英语考试。——祝你好运。—IwillhaveanEnglishexamnextweek.—_________.HaveagoodtimeGoodluck考点二

Becauseit’sinteresting.因为它有趣。becauseconj.因为【知识构建】because的用法because作连词,引导原因状语从句,常用来回答why引导的特殊疑问句。—WhydoyoulikeP.E.?你为什么喜欢体育?—Becauseit’sfun.因为它有趣。【温馨提示】在同一个句子中,because与so不能同时使用,只能用其一。【即学活用】①Helikesplayingsoccerbecauseit’srelaxing.(对画线部分提问)_____doeshelikeplayingsoccer?②Billdidn’tcometoschool_______(因为)hewasillyesterday.Whybecause【授课备选】完成句子因为詹妮起床晚了,所以今天早上迟到了。①_______Jennygotuplate,shewaslate.②Jennygotuplate,__shewaslate.Becauseso考点三

Youareverygoodattellingstories.

你很擅长讲故事。begoodat...擅长于……【知识构建】begood短语begoodat...“擅长于……”,相当于dowellin,at后接名词、代词或v.-ing形式begoodwith...“善于应付……的;对……有办法”,其同义短语为getonwellwithbegoodfor...“对……有好处”,其反义短语为bebadfor,意为“对……有害;对……有坏处”【即学活用】①露西擅长弹钢琴。Lucy________________thepiano.②皮特善于和孩子们打交道。Pete___________thekids.isgoodatplayingisgoodwith考点四

Intheevening,IeitherwatchTVorplaycomputergames.晚上,我要么看电视,要么打电脑游戏。eitheradv.或者;也(用在否定词组后)【知识构建】(1)either的三种常见用法Idon’tknowtheboy,either.我也不认识那个男孩。—Whichwouldyoulike,teaorcoffee?你想要什么,茶还是咖啡?—EitherisOK.(两者中)哪个都可以。EitheryouorIamwrong.不是你就是我错了。(2)either/too/also的区别either用于否定句常位于句末;前面可用逗号隔开too用于肯定句或疑问句多用于口语,通常位于句末;前面可用逗号隔开also用于肯定句较正式用语,通常位于句中;放在实义动词之前,系动词、助动词或情态动词之后【巧学妙记】巧记also,too,either的用法bealso,alsodo,句中位置要记清。too一般放句末,句中前后要用逗号隔。also语气比too重,都是用来表肯定。若是表否定,记住要用either来表示。【即学活用】选词填空either,too,also①BobisfromAmerica.Alanis____fromAmerica.②Mybrotherlikessports.Ilikethem,___.③Idon’twanttobefat,______.alsotooeither【授课备选】①这两件上衣是一样的。你可以拿走任何一件。Thetwocoatsarethesame.Youcantake______ofthem.②我不是把它放在桌子上了,就是放在抽屉里了。Iputit______onthetable__inthedrawer.eithereitheror考点五

Afterschool,Isometimesplaybasketballforhalfanhour.放学后,我有时打上半个小时的篮球。sometimesadv.有时【词义辨析】sometimes,sometimes,sometime与sometimesometimes频度副词,“有时”SometimesIgetupverylate.有时我起床很晚。sometimes名词短语,“几次,几倍”Ihavereadthestorysometimes.这个故事我读了好几遍了。sometime副词,“某个时候”IwillgotoShanghaisometimenextweek.下周的某个时间我要去上海。sometime名词短语,“一段时间”I’llstayhereforsometime.我将在这儿待一段时间。【巧学妙记】“有时”相聚加-s,“几次”分开带-s,相聚为“某个时候”,分开“一段时间”。【即学活用】①__________(有时)Igotoschoolonfoot.②We’llgotoHainanforvacation_________(某个时候)nextyear.③Ihaveseenthemovie__________(几次).④He’llstayinShanghaifor_________(一段时间).Sometimessometimesometimessometime考点六

Howdoyougetto

school?你怎样到学校?Howdoyougetto...?你怎样到……?【知识构建】(1)本句式提问交通方式,由疑问词how引导,句中getto短语可以替换为arrivein/at或reach。(2)回答时常用结构:Howdoyougettoschooleveryday,Tom?汤姆,你每天怎样去上学?【即学活用】①MrGreengetstoworkbysubway.(对画线部分提问)_________MrGreen___towork?②Itakethebustoschool.(改为同义句)Igettoschool_______.Howdoesgetbybus考点七

Formanystudents,itiseasytogettoschool.对许多学生来说,到校上学很容易。Itis+adj.+todosth.做某事是……的。【知识构建】(1)“Itis+adj.+todosth.”句型中,it是形式主语,真正的主语是其后的动词不定式(短语)todosth.。(2)该句式中动词不定式可以有自己的逻辑主语,常由“for/of+sb.”构成,即Itis+adj.+for/ofsb.+todosth.句式。(3)Itis+adj.+forsb.+todosth.与Itis+adj.+ofsb.+todosth.的用法区别Itis+adj.+forsb.+todosth.形容词描述事物的特征、性质,如easy,difficult,interesting,funny,dangerous,important,impossible,useful等Itis+adj.+ofsb.+todosth.形容词描述行为者的性格、品质,如kind,friendly,nice,right,clever,polite,careless,cute等It’simportantforustoprotectourenvironment.保护环境对我们来说是很重要的。It’skindofyoutogivemesomuchhelp.给予我这么多帮助,你真是太好了。【即学活用】①学好英语对我们来说很重要。It’simportant___us_______Englishwell.②你用这种方式做这件事,真聪明。It’sreallyclever__you_____itinthisway.fortolearnoftodo考点八

Don’tarrivelateforclass.不准上课迟到。arrivev.到达【知识构建】“到达”各不同reach及物动词后接地点名词getto动词短语接地点副词时不用toarrive不及物动词arrivein+大地方arriveat+小地方WhendidyougettoBeijing?WhendidyouarriveinBeijing?WhendidyoureachBeijing?你何时到达的北京?【拓展延伸】(1)arrive是不及物动词,接宾语时,先加介词in或at,再接宾语。Thetrainwillarriveatthestationintenminutes.火车将在十分钟后到站。(2)arriveat/arrivein的区别arriveat指到达较小的场所,如镇、家、店等arrivein指到达较大的地方,如国家、大城市等【图解助记】【即学活用】选词填空arriveat,arrivein①MrGreenwill________Shanghaiintwodays.②Theywill________theairportinhalfanhour.arriveinarriveat考点九

Don’tlistentomusicinclass.课上不要听音乐。listenv.听;倾听【词义辨析】listen/hearlisten不及物动词意为“听;倾听”,侧重于动作,后接宾语时,要加介词toThisgirllikestolistentomusic.这个女孩喜欢听音乐。hear及物动词意为“听见;听到”,强调结果Welistenedcarefullybutcouldhearnothing.我们留心听,却什么也没有听见。【图解助记】【即学活用】选词填空listen,listento,hear①Please_______mecarefully,boysandgirls.②______!Canyou____anything?listentoListenhear考点十

Atschool,Ihavetowearaschooluniform,andIhavetokeep

myhairshort.在学校,我必须穿校服,而且我必须留短发。keepv.保持;保留【知识构建】(1)keep的常见用法①keep(sb./sth.)+形容词或介词短语,意为“(让某人/物)保持某种状态”。Pleasekeepthedooropen.请开着门。②keep(on)doingsth.意为“继续/持续做某事”。Hekeepsonwriting.他坚持写作。③keep(sb./sth.)doingsth.意为“让(某人/物)一直做某事”。Don’tkeephimwaitingtoolong.不要让他等太久。④keepsb./sth.fromdoingsth.意为“阻止、防止某人/物做某事”。Treescankeepthewindfromblowingthesoilaway.树木可以阻止风吹走土壤。⑤keepsth.“保留;保存”,可与一段时间连用。Youcankeepthebookfortwoweeks.这本书你可以保存(借)两周。(2)keep用作连系动词,构成系表结构:keep+表语,意为“保持,继续(处于某种状态)”。其中表语可用形容词、介词短语等充当。Youmustlookafteryourselfandkeephealthy.你必须照顾好自己,保持身体健康。【即学活用】①Don’tkeepwindows______(close)allday.Weneedfreshair.②Youmustkeepthelittlechildfrom_______(hurt)himself.③I’ll_____________(保存那本书)foryoutillyoucomeback.closedhurtingkeepthebook考点十一

Andwealwayshavetoweartheschooluniform.并且我们总是得穿校服上学。wearv.穿;戴【词义辨析】wear/dress/puton/beinwear穿着;戴着强调状态,宾语可为服装、鞋帽、饰物、奖章等dress给……穿衣表示动作或状态,宾语通常是人:dresssb.“给某人穿衣服”(动作);dressoneself给自己穿衣服;be/getdressedin...“穿着……”(状态)puton穿上;戴上强调动作,宾语通常是衣服、鞋帽;宾语若是代词必须放在put和on之间;反义词组是takeoffbein穿着后接衣服、帽子等,此时可以和wear或haveon互换;其后也可以接颜色。不能用于进行时态【图解助记】puton穿上（动作）；dresssb./oneself给某人/自己穿衣服wear穿着；戴着（状态）；bein穿着【即学活用】选词填空wear,puton,dress①It’scoldoutside.You’dbetter______yourcoat.②Shelikesto_____skirtsinsummer.③Mysisterisableto_____herselfnow.putonweardress【授课备选】完成句子①她总是喜欢穿着蓝色的上衣。Shealwayslikesto_____bluecoat.②他总是穿着一身黑色。Heisalways_______.wearinblack考点十二

Parentsandschoolsaresometimesstrict,butremember,theymakerulestohelpus.家长和校方有时(要求)严格,但是记住:他们制定规矩是为了帮助我们。rememberv.记住;记起【知识构建】remember的两种搭配remembertodosth.记得要去做某事,说明事情还没有做,相当于don’tforgettodosth.Remembertotelephonemewhenyouarrivethere.当你到那里的时候,记着打电话给我。rememberdoingsth.记得做过某事,说明事情已经做过Irememberseeingherinthecity.我记得在这个城市见过她。【即学活用】①Pleaseremember_______(bring)yournotebookheretomorrow.②—WhatdoyourememberaboutTom?—Iremember_______(win)aprize.tobringwinning考点十三

Peoplesaythat“anelephantneverforgets”.人们说“大象从不会忘事”。forgetv.忘记;遗忘【知识构建】(1)forget的两种结构forgettodosth.忘记要做某事(事情还没有做)Don’tforgettoclosethedoor.不要忘记关门。(门还没关)forgetdoingsth.忘记做过某事(事情已经做了)Iforgotclosingthedoor.我忘记已经关上门了。(门已经关了)(2)forget/leave表示“遗忘”的用法区别forgetsth.忘记带某物Sorry,Iforgotmykey.抱歉,我忘带钥匙了。leavesth.+地点状语把某物遗忘在某地Ileftmykeyinmyoffice.我把钥匙遗忘在办公室了。【即学活用】完成句子①别忘了把钥匙带到这儿来。Don’tforget_______thekeyshere.②我忘记去年在某个地方见到过你。Iforget___________somewherelastyear.tobringmeetingyou考点十四

Wemustsavethetreesandnotbuythingsmadeofivory.

我们必须拯救树木,拒绝买象牙制品。(be)madeof由……制成的【知识构建】bemade短语的区别bemadeof由……制成(看得出原材料)bemadefrom由……制成(看不出原材料)bemadein在(某地)制造bemadeby由(某人)制造bemadeupof由……组成Thekiteismadeofpaper.这个风筝是用纸做的。Thepaperismadefromwood.纸是木头做的。TheTVsetismadeinChina.这台电视机是中国制造的。Themusicalgroupismadeupoftwomensingersandthreewomensingers.这个乐队是由两个男歌手和三个女歌手组成的。【图解助记】bemade各种“制造”均不同【即学活用】选择适当的介词填空of,from,by,in①Paperismade_____wood.②Thehouseismade__stone.③Thiskindofcarismade__America.④Themodelplanewasmade___Tom.fromofinby考点十五

Butthereisn’taDragonBoatFestivalintheUS,soit’slikeanyothernightforZhuHuiandhishostfamily.可是在美国没有端午节,所以对于朱辉和他的寄宿家庭来说,就和任何一个平常的夜晚一样。otheradj.另外的;其他的

pron.另外的人(或物)【知识构建】【归纳拓展】(1)eachother=oneanother“彼此;相互”。(2)anyother“其他任何一个”,可以与比较级连用替换最高级形式:Jackistallerthananyotherboyinhisclass.=Jackisthetallestboyinhisclass.=Jackistallerthantheotherboysinhisclass.(3)other/else的用法辨析:①other常用于名词前作定语;②else常用于特殊疑问词及不定代词的后面作定语。【词义辨析】含义例句theother两者中另一个OneofthetwinsiscalledJim.Whatabouttheotherone?theothers其他所有Iwentswimmingwhiletheothersplayedtennis.others一部分Somepeoplelikewatchingmovies,andotherslikeplayingsports.eachother彼此;相互Helpandlearnfromeachother.everyother每隔……Plantthetreeseveryother2meters.anyother其他任何一个It’sjustlikeanyotherday.another三者或三者以上任一MaybeanothertimeisOK.【即学活用】选词填空other,others,theother,theothers,another①I’mbusynow.Let’smakeit_______time.②WelearnChinese,math,Englishandsome_____subjectsatschool.③Thereisabankon________sideoftheroad.④Somestudentsarediggingtheholes;______arewateringthetrees.⑤Thatbuildingishigherthanall_________aroundit.anotherothertheotherotherstheothers【授课备选】选词填空other,else①What____canyouseeinthesky?②What_____animalsdoyoulike?elseother考点十六

ZhuHuimisseshisfamilyandwishestohavehismom’sdeliciouszongzi.朱辉十分想念他的家人,并且渴望吃上他妈妈(做)的美味粽子。wishv.希望【词义辨析】hope与wish的用法区别hopewishhopetodosth.wishtodosth.hope+that从句(较易实现的愿望)wish+that从句(不易实现的愿望)Ihopeso.希望如此。Ihopenot.希望不会(如此)。wishsb.todosth.Wishsb.+n.祝福……(=Maysb.+v.)hopen.希望(不可数名词)Don’tgiveuphope.wishn.祝愿(可数名词)Bestwishestoyou!【易错误区】hope后不能跟动词不定式作宾语补足语,而wish可以。hopesb.todosth.(×)wishsb.todosth.(√)【归纳拓展】

在情景交际中Wishyou...!/Bestwishestoyou!等祝福语的答语为:Thanks./Thankyou./Thanksalot.等。【即学活用】选词填空hope,wish①I____Icouldflylikeabird.②I_________tovisitHawaiioneday.③We____youtohaveagoodtrip.wishhope/wishwish考点十七

How’sitgoing?近来可好?【知识构建】(1)本句是询问对方处境或事情进展如何的习惯用语,相当于汉语中的“近况如何?”“一切还好吗?”,后面可跟介词短语withsb./sth.,可与Howiseverything?互换。How’sitgoingwithMary’sstudy?玛丽的学习情况最近怎么样?(2)该句型的常用应答语:Great!很好!Notbad!还不错!Justso-so.一般般。Terrible!太糟糕了!Prettygood!相当不错/非常好!Everythingisgoingwell.一切进展顺利。【即学活用】完成句子——你妹妹近来可好?——不错。—______itgoing____yoursister?—________.How’swithNotbad考点十八

Isthereapostofficenearhere?这附近有邮局吗?Istherea/an...nearhere?这附近有……吗?【知识构建】(1)常用的问路句型Excuseme.Istherea/an...(nearhere/intheneighborhood)?Where’sthenearest...?HowcanIgetto...?Couldyoutellmethewayto...?Canyoutellmehowtogetto...?(2)常用的指路句型①It’s+介词短语(地点).它在……。②It’sabout...metersfromhere.它离这儿大约有……米。③It’sabout...metersalongontheleft/right.向前走,在左/右侧大约……米。④Goalong/down(thestreet)andturnleft/right.沿着(这条街)走,然后向左/右拐。⑤Turnleft/rightatthefirstcrossing.=Takethefirstcrossingontheleft/right.在第一个路口向左/右拐。【温馨提示】问路与指路是中考常考的情景交际题目,问路前一般会用Excuseme.引起对方注意并表示礼貌;问路后一般会以Thankyou.表示感谢。【即学活用】①打扰一下。这附近有超市吗?_________._______asupermarketnearhere?②那家邮局就在公园的对面。Thepostoffice_____________thepark.③沿着格林大街走,然后向左拐。_____________GreenStreetand_______.ExcusemeIsthereisacrossfromGoalong/downturnleft考点十九

Thepayphoneisacrossfromthelibrary.付费电话在图书馆的对面。acrossadv.&prep.过;穿过【词义辨析】across/through/over的用法区别across作副词,意为“过;横过;穿过”,指从表面走过或从一边到另一边;作介词,意为“在……对过;在……对面”through作介词或副词,意为“穿过;通过(洞、管道等);从……的一端到另一端”over作介词或副词,意为“在……上空”或“(表示方向)越过”Pleasebecarefulwhenyougoacrosstheroad.过马路时请小心。Themoonlightfellonthetwopicturesthroughthewindow.月光透过窗户洒在那两幅画上。Canyoujumpoverthefence?你能跳过那篱笆吗?【图解助记】【即学活用】选词填空across,through,over①Heguidedthem_______theforest.②Themanthoughthecouldswim______theriver.③WhenIwaswalkinginthefield,Isawaplaneflying____myhead.throughacrossover考点二十

Thepayphoneisinfrontofthelibrary.付费电话在图书馆的前面。infrontof在……前面【知识构建】infrontof/in(at)thefrontof/infront的用法区别infrontof表示位置“在……(外部)的前面”in(at)thefrontof表示位置“在……(内部)的前面”infront表示位置“在(最)前面”,后无宾语Thereisatreeinfrontofthehouse.房前有一棵树。Thereisablackboardinthefrontoftheclassroom.教室的前面有一块黑板。【图解助记】【即学活用】完成句子①保罗喜欢坐在公交车的前面。Paullikestosit____________thebus.②在教室里汤姆位于我的前面。Tomis_________hefrontofinfrontof考点二十一

ItisveryquietandIenjoyreadingthere.那儿十分安静,我喜欢在那里读书。enjoyv.享受;喜爱【知识构建】enjoy的常见用法enjoydoingsth.意为“喜欢做某事;享受做某事的乐趣”enjoyoneself意为“玩得开心”;相当于havefun/haveagoodtimeIreallyenjoyplayingchess.我真的喜欢下棋。Weenjoyedourselvesattheparty.(=Wehadfun/hadagoodtimeattheparty.)我们在聚会上玩得很开心。【即学活用】①MyfriendJennyenjoys_______(rea