专升本英语二3语法

首先，复习要在精读的基础上进行。其次，对于英语语法要全面学习和重点掌握。不仅要复习下下面将语法分为两部分复习表）.复习动词的几种基本形式：动词、过去式、过去分词、现在分词与动名词、第三人称单数形式动词的变化是英语语法的难点，同时也是英语的，掌握好动词的变化，许多疑难问题也就随之迎动词的主要考点：动词的时态、语态、虚拟语气和非谓语动词动词的种类：谓语动词和非谓语动词①系动词be elooksoundfeeltasteseemremainsmellappeargetturngrowholdkeepstandstaycancouldmaymightshallshouldwillwouldmustoughtneed③助动词bedohaveshallshouldwill不及物动词⑤动词短语例如：takepartin，puton，takece，consistof···（介词宾语）一般现在时：Atthattime,peopledidn’tknowthattheearthWhentheyleaveschool,theywillgoIfitisfinetomorrow,Iwillgooutfor 一般过去时：Heboughtacarin一般将来时：TheywillleaveforHongKong过去将来时：（立足过去，讨论未发生的事HeaskedmewhereIwouldspendmy现在进行时：Motheriswaitingfor过去进行时：Whatwereyoungat6p.m.last将来进行时：IshallbeflyingtoShanghaiatthreetomorrow现在完成时：Ihaven’tseenhersince过去完成时：WhenIcametoherhome,shehadalready将来完成时：I’msurehewillhaveleftTokyobythistime现在完成进行时：Shehasbeenlookingforherbossforalmostan过去完成进行时：Theephonehadbeenringingforthreeminutesbeforesomebodyansweredit.动词的语态，其结构为：情态动词+be+过去分词例如：HisroomisbeingMywalletwasstolenaweekThebookhasbeentranslatedintomanylanguages.Thisworkshouldbedoneassoonaspossible.If（P.539）补充用法：（参看下册P.233-237例句）ifwouldrather/wouldit’shightimelest,forfearthat,in5化句Ifwouldhadwouldhaveshould（有时可用wereto+动词would①Ifhewerehere,everythingwouldbeall②Iftheearthhadnogravity,themoonwouldflytothe③IfIhadleftalittleearlier,Iwouldhavecaughtthe④IfatomicbombhadnotbeenusedinWorldWarII,Japanesewouldnothavesurrendered.⑤Ifitshouldraintomorrow,whatcouldwe⑥IfIweretodoit,Iwoulddoitinadifferent主语从句：Itis（was）thatshould例如：Itisnecessarythatthemeetingshouldbeheldtonight.Itisnecessarythat…（有必要…,…必须imperative,important,essential,advisable,better,ordered,proposed,requested, mended,demanded,decided,thatshould例如：Isuggestthatthemeetingshouldbeheldtonight.suggestinsist mendorderproposerequirerequestcommanddemand……thatshould例如：Mysuggestionisthatthemeetingshouldbehelddecision,proposal,advice,order…4）that……should例如：Hegavetheproposalthatweshouldholdthemeetingsuggestionproposalorderinstructionadvice 英语中除了少数形容词无，大部分形容词都有程度上的差异，这种差异在语法上主要用比较moreimportant/moremostimportant/mostgood,bad,badly,many,farther,farthest,older,oldest,farther与further都是far的和，但是farther指具体含义的“更远”，further指抽象含义的“更远”，有“进一步”的意思。elder与eldest也是old的和，主要表比较结构：（句式asasThetreeisastallasthebuilding.Heisnotasbusyasbefore.as（a）+asWe’llgiveyouasmuchhelpasweHewantstobeasgreatascientistasNewton.3）表示倍数：倍数+as+原级+asFreshfruitcoststwiceasmuchascannedfruit.4）…notas/soasHecannotrunas/sofastasyou.Ihaven’tmadeasmuchprogressasIshould.5）（肯定句）Heismorecleverthanhissister.（否定句）Heisnotmorecleverthanhissister.他不比他的姐姐Heisnomorecleverthanhissister.Thisbedis（not）morecomfortablethantheother.这张床（不）Thisbedisnomorecomfortablethantheother.注意：前可加表示程度的状语，如：far,much,rather,still,even,many,alittle,abit,slightly,alot,byfar,somewhat例如：Thisroomisfar/muchcoolerthanthatone.6）the+形容词…，the+形容词表示“越…就越…”Actually,thebusierheis,thehappierhefeels.7）+and+，表示“越来越Thecarwasrunningfasterandfaster.Janebecamemoreandmorebeautiful.表语：描述主语的特征、、状态等，位于系动词后。SVOO（双宾语SVOC（复合宾语）·主从连词：that,whether,if·连接代词：who,whom,whose,what,which·连接副词：when,where,why,how·主语从句当主语从句较长时，可用形式主语Itthat，that·宾语从句：句型：谓语（或及物动词后）·表语从句（系动词）关系代词：thatwhichwhowhomwhose关系副词：whenwherewhenas,whilewhen例如：WhenIpressedthebutton,theradiowhenwhileaswhen，whenaswhile例如：Whentheyarrived,theywereverytired.asas例如：Shesangassheworked.whilewhile例如：Whileyouwereaway,twofriendscametoseeyou.until,tillItis（was）notuntilthattill例如：ItwasnotuntilyesterdaythatIgotyourletter.例如：UntilyesterdayIgotyourletter.从句在主句之后，tilluntil例如：Iwaiteduntil（till）hecameIdidn’tleaveuntil（till）hecamebecause,sinceas,forShehasmissedherbusbecausethetimetablehaschanged.Sinceheisbusy,Iwon’ttroublehim.Nowthateverybodyishere,let’sbeginourclass.Astheweatherwasfine,wedecidedtoclimbthemountain.由于天气好，我们决定爬山。Theoldladydoesn’tgooutinthewinter,forshefearsthecoldagreatdear.这个老太because表示原因时语气最强，回答了为什么发生sincenowthatasThoughitwasgettingdark,buthestillwentonworking.（误Becausesheoverslept,soshemissedthebus.（误强调句：ItwasTomthat（who）hadasevereheartattacklastnight.ItwasnotuntilyesterdaythatIgotyourletter.倒装句：OnlythismorningdidIhearthesadnews.Tallasheis,hecannotybasketballwell.NeverhaveIreadsuchaninterestingbook.存在句型：Therearesomebooksonthetable.反意疑问句:Youhavenomoney,haveyou?No,IYes,Ihavea（Irregular 12（系动词）was,34567做89forbade,唱写baby-baby-baby-买挖有放，产（卵说（出坐睡spunlre赢ee来ee跑114、115116咬**躺吐（痰、口水，抗…anti-war（反战的）anti-SARS（抗dislike（不喜欢）disadvantage（不利条件enable（使能够）endanger（危害lillegal（的）illogical（不合逻辑的前plete（不完整的）inexact（不精确的r互相、 间inct（互相作用）international（国际的misguide（使误入歧途）misunderstand（误解nonviolent（非的）non-verbal（非词语的overpopulate（使人口过密）overweight（超重pre于preview（）precook（预先烹调proreexamine（复试）remarry（再婚回recall（回想）restore（使恢复；回复半半年亚subtitle（副标题）sub-editor（副主编subconsciously（下意识地）subsoil（下层土subway（superman（超人）supermarket（超级市场unload（从…卸下货物）unhappy（不高兴underwear（）underline（在…下划线Am.EAmericanEnglish英Br.EBritishEnglish-marriage（结婚）percentage（百分比--insurance（）convenience（方便）emergency（紧急情况）proficiency（熟练）-limitation（限制）transportation（reporter（）sailor（水手-likelihood（可能性）neighborhood（邻里-ion,--impression（印象）possession（拥有）instruction（指导）comparison（比较-socialism（）tourism（观光-psychologist（心理学家）biologist（生物学家-management（经营）statement（-loneliness（孤独）kindness（仁慈-relationship（关系）friendship（友谊-ty,-variety（多样化）necessity（必要性remarkable（值得注意的digestible（可消化的-industrial（工业的）al（个人的-successful（成功的）colorful（多彩的-foolish（愚蠢的）childish（孩子气的-imaginative（富于）imitative（模仿的-lifeless（无生命的）motionless（不动的-nervous（神经系统的）religious（的--guilty（的）salty（含盐的-heighten（提高）sharpen（削尖-fy,-beautify（美化）signify（表示-ize,-使成为；（使）…memorize（熟记）industrialize（工业化-scarcely（几乎不）secondly（其次-eastward（向东）downward（向下-用法1as（当…时候）ShebegantowatchTVaftershehadfinishedher.Whenitrains，IusuallygotoschoolbyDon’tgobeforeIcomebythetimethat（到了…时候…）not…longbefore（…不久，就…）Let’swaituntil（till）therainHardly/scarcely/（before）/nosooner…than（一…Nosoonerhadtheyreachedthetopofthehillthantheyallsatdowntorest.assoonas/directly/immediay（when/after）/themoment（that）/theinstant/theminute（that）（一…就）everytime（每次）once（一旦Themomentyouhearthenews，givemea你一听到消息就给我 Everytimeshecametothecityshewouldvisitheroldfriends.她每次来到城里都要去看看她那些2“I’mfindingoilformymotherland.wherethereisoil，myhomeisthere.”WhereverIam，Iwillbethinkingof3as（so）longas（只要）incase（假如，一旦）ifonly（只要）onconditionthat（只要，假如）suppose（that）supposing（that）/provided（that）/Ifyouaregoingtovisitanyforeigncountry，youwillneedapassport.Youcan’tlearnEnglishwellunlessyouworkhard.4as（因为）nowthat（既然）seeingthat（鉴于）inthat（因为）Astheyliveinthecountryside，theycanenjoyfreshair.Sinceheisbusy,Iwon’ttroublehim.Seeingthatyouareinexperienced,youarenotfitforthework.5sothat（因而，因此，所以，结果）Youwentearly，sothat