高中英语虚拟语气知识点及练习

虚拟语气：虚拟证据表示说的话不是事实，或者不可能发生的情况，而是一种愿望、建议或者与事实相反的假设等，一般常用于正式的书面语中。一、虚拟语气在if条件从句中的用法：1、a.IfIwereyou,Iwouldapplyforthejob.b.IfIlivednearmyoffice,Iwouldwalktotheoffice.与现在事实相反，If条件从句谓语：过去式（be用were）主句谓语：should/would/could/might+动词原形2、a.Ifyouhadbeenmorecareful,Youcouldhavepassedtheexam.b.Ifyouhadturnedoffthegas,thehousewouldn’thavecaughtfire.与过去事实相反，If条件从句谓语：had+动词过去分词主句谓语：should/would/could/might+havedone3、a.Ifitshouldraintomorrow,wewouldnotgocamping.b.ifitweretoraintomorrow,wewouldnotgocamping.c.Ifitrainedtomorrow,wewouldnotgocamping.与将来事实相反：If条件从句谓语：过去式/should+v原形/were+todo主句谓语：should/would/could/might+do二、混合虚拟条件句：不同时间的虚拟，各遵守各的规则，如：a.Ifyouhadfollowedthedoctor’sadvice,youwouldbequiteallrightnow.从句叙述与过去事实相反（had+done），主句叙述与现在事实相反（would+v）b.IfIwereyou,Iwouldhavetakenhisadvice.从句叙述与现在事实相反（过去式），主句叙述与过去事实相反（wouldhavedone）三、虚拟语气在宾语从句中的适用：a.Theydemandedthattheblackpeople(should)betreatedaswellaswhitepeople.b.Hesuggestedthatwe(should)startoffatonce.（建议）Hissmilesuggestedthathewassatisfiedwithourwork.（暗示，表明）c.Iinsistedthatyou(should)givememymoneyback.（坚决（持），要求）Mikeinsistedthathehadneverstolenanything.（坚持说/坚持认为）这类动词有：一坚持（insist），二命令（order,command），三建议（advise,suggest,recommend,propose），四要求（require,request,demand,desire）d.IwishIwereabird.Idowishyouwouldcomeearliernexttime.IwishIhaddonebetterinmywork.四、虚拟语气在主语从句中的适用：1.Itwas/isimportant/vital/necessary/appropriate/proper/rightthat……eg:Itisimportantthatwe(should)thinkbeforewedecide.2.Itisimportantthatwe(should)thinkbeforewedecide.据建议/要求/命令……eg:Itissuggestedthatparents(should)spendmoretimewiththeirchildrenalone.五、虚拟语气在表语从句中的适用（与表示决定、主张、要求、建议、命令的名词。如：suggestion,proposal,advice,order,demand,requirement等）构成的表语从句常用should+do结构eg：Oursuggestionisthatthemeeting(should)beputoff.六、虚拟语气在同位语从句中的适用（与表示决定、主张、要求、建议、命令的名词。如：suggestion,proposal,advice,order,demand,requirement等）构成的同位语从句中常用should+do结构eg:Doctorsgiveussomeadvicethatwe(should)paymoreattentiontoourhealth.七、含蓄条件句的虚拟语气：由butfor（要不是），Without（要是没有），otherwise（要不然）,but等引导如：butforthestorm,Iwouldhavearrivedmuchearlier.Withoutyourhelp,Iwouldn’thavepassedthedrivingtest.Iwastoobusyatthattime.OtherwiseIwouldhavecalledyou.Iwouldhavecometoseeyou,butIwastoobusy.注意：句子或主句中的谓语动词的形式视具体情况而定。这是考查考生应变能力的最佳试题。八、虚拟语气的其他用法1、It’s(high)timethat从句:(从句用过去式或者should+动词原形eg：It’shightimethatyouwenttoschool.2、Ifonly（要是……就好了……）用一般过去式表示与现在或将来事实相反，用过去完成的表示与过去事实相反。eg：IfonlyIwereafilmstar.IfonlyIhadknownhisphoneunmber.3、asif引导的方式状语从句中的虚拟语气：eg:HetreatsmeasifIwerehisownson.A.lives B.wouldlive C.haslived D.weretolive（）7.Wethedifficultytogether,butwhydidn’tyoutellme?A.shouldface B.mightface C.couldhavefaced D.musthavefaced（）8.Ifmycarmorereliable,IwouldhavedriventoLhasainsteadofflyinglastsummer.A.was B.hadbeen C.shouldbe D.wouldbe（）9.Hadtheyknownwhatwascomingnext,theysecondthoughts.A.mayhave B.couldhave C.musthavehad D.mighthavehad（）10.―Wherearethechildren?Thedinner’sgoingtobecompletelyruined.―Iwishtheyalwayslate.A.weren’t B.hadn’tbeen C.wouldn’tbe D.wouldn’thavebeen（）11.Ithroughthatbitterperiodwithoutyourgeneroushelp.A.couldn’thavegone B.didn’tgoC.wouldn’tgo D.hadn’tgone（）12.MaybeifIscience,andnotliteraturethen,Iwouldbeabletogiveyoumorehelp.A.studied B.wouldstudy C.hadstudied D.wasstudying（）13.Teachersrecommendparentstheirchildrenunder12toridebicyclestoschoolforsafety.A.notallow B.donotallow C.mustn’tallow D.couldn’tallow（）14.Ifhemyadvice,hewouldn’thavelosthisjob.A.followed B.shouldfollow C.hadfollowed D.wouldfollow（）15.―Johnwenttothehospitalalone.―Ifhemeaboutit,Iwouldhavegonewithhim.A.shouldtell B.tells C.told D.hadtold（）16.―Theweatherhasbeenveryhotanddry.―Yes.Ifithadrainedevenadrop,thingswouldbemuchbetternow!Andmyvegetables.A.wouldn’tdie B.didn’tdie C.hadn’tdied D.wouldn’thavedied（）17.HadIknownaboutthiscomputerprogram,ahugeamountoftimeandenergy.A.wouldhavebeensaved B.hadbeensavedC.willbesaved D.wassaved（）18.Ihavewatchedthatmovieit’llgivemehorribledreams.A.shouldn’t B.needn’t C.couldn’t D.mustn’t（）19.Georgeisgoingtotalkaboutthegeographyofhiscountry,butI’d