高中英语-必修5-unit-2知识点总结

PAGE4PAGE5必修五Unit2TheUnitedKingdom重点词组：keepyoureyesopen睁大你的眼睛2.consistof由…组成3.leaveout省去不考虑遗漏divideinto分成5.prepareto准备compareAwithB与…比compareAtoB把A比作Bworkout做出解决设计出计算出锻炼开采完发展进行workon对..起作用；企图影响或说服，忙于workin在…工作workoff渐渐消除处理排除卖掉发泄askedthebossonthephone通过电话afurnishedhousewithallmodernconveniences一个带家具的房子有所有的现代方便的设施familiarwith熟悉11.worriedaboutthetimeavailable担心时间不够makealistof列出关于…的清单13.onspecialoccasions在特殊的场合thefour-hundred-year-olduniform有四百年历史的制服定语不加“s”settheworldtime设置世界时间16.oneithersideoftheline在线的两端17.fallasleep入睡withdelight十分喜悦的一、句型集锦1.Whyareyouunwillingtoacceptthiswonderfulopportunity?Opportunity时机，机会搭配：Opportunityfor/of…..的时机Opportunitytodo…..做…的时机Catch/seize/takeanopportunity抓住机会Give/offeranopportunity提供机会Lose/missanopportunity错失机会Giveupanopportunity放弃机会Eg.You’llhavetheopportunitytoaskanyquestionsattheend.Therewasnoopportunityforfurtherdiscussion.Chance与opportunity辨析Chance（机会）强调其偶然性，含有侥幸的意味。Opportunity带有恰逢其时，正好便利行事的意味，有期待的含义。Eg.Itwouldbefoolishtoletsuchanopportunityslip;itisthechanceofalifetime.2.YouwillliveinatownclosetothecountrysideinEnglandinafurnishedhousewithallmodernconveniences.Furnished配备好装备的，带家具的Furnish1)(在房屋等内)布置家具Eg.Thehousewassimplyfurnished.2)向（某人/某事物）供应，提供furnishAwithB将B提供给A/用B装备AEg.Shefurnishedhimwiththefactssurroundingthecase.辨析furnish,equip与supplyFurnishfurnishAwithB与befurnishedwith指供给生活所必备的或为生活舒适所需的家具Eg.I’llfurnishmyhousewithfurniture.我要为我的房子置办家具。equipequipAwithB常表示“装备”工作所需要的东西eg.Theroomisequippedwiththeairconditioning.Supplysupplysb.withsth=supplysthtosb.可用于指在任何环境下“供给”任何东西Eg.Themerchantsuppliesgoodstothem.单词积累Furniture家具furnishings家具，室内陈设3.YourtaskwillbetoexaminethepossibilityofconstructinganewfactoryintheUnitedKingdom.Be+todo结构的用法（1）betodo结构中，不定式作表语，表示主语和表语在概念上是等同的。如：Theproblemistofindasolution.Hisplanistocleantheroom.Mywishistobeateacher.(2)betodo1)坚决命令Nooneistoenterthisbuildingwithoutthepermissionofthesecurityguard.2)“计划，安排”(意思接近于begoingto)Bettyistogetmarriednextmonth.3)不可避免，注定Youaretoanswerforwhatyouhavedone.4)意图，打算，决心Ifallofusaretoremainfriendly,wemustbesincerewithoneanother.5)“义务，应该”（意思接近于should,oughtto）Youhavedonesowell.Youaretoberewarded.6)用于“if…weretodo”，表示虚拟假设IfIweretodoit,Iwoulddoitwell.Possibility搭配(a)possibilityofdoingsth做某事的可能(a)possibilitythat…..的可能性.IsthereanypossibilityofyourgettingtoLondonthisweek?Thereisapossibilitythathewillwin.单词积累Possible可能的，possibly可能地辨析probable,likely与possibleProbable十有八九的可能性Likely十有五六的可能性Possible十有一二的可能性Isthereanypossibility__C____youcouldpickmeupattheairport?(2009浙江高考)Noproblem.A.whenB.thatC.whetherD.what4.Allofthewordsbelowcantaketheplaceof…Taketheplaceof=takeone’splace代替“代替”的种种表达法：taketheplaceof,takeone’splace,replacein,inplaceof,insteadof拓展Inplace在适当的位置，适当Inplaceof代替Insb’splace处于某人的位置Outofplace不适当的，离开原来的地方Takeplace发生，举行Inthefirstplace首先，第一Thechairmanisillinhospitalnow,sowehavenoideawhowill____A__inthecomingconference.A.takehisplaceB.takeplaceC.takeplaceofhimD.taketheplaceof5.“Pleasedon’thurtmycat,”beggedSarahasherbrotherpickeditupbyoneleg.Pickup1)捡起，拾起，收拾，整理Shepickedupastoreandthrewitatthewindow.Pleasepickupallyourtoyswhenyou’vefinishedplaying.2)取物，接人Pickmeupatthehotel.3)收听到Wepickedupradiosignalsforhelpfromthedamagedplane.4)获得，得到，买到，学会Here’satipIpickedupfrommybrother.5)（使）重新开始Wepickedtheconversationafteraninterruption.6)改善，好转，增强Tradeusuallypicksupinspring.e.g.IhopewhatIsaywillclarifythesituation.Canyouclarifythequestion?5.belinkedto=beconnectedto/bejoinedto连接【习惯用语】★linkAtoB将A和B连接起来6.referto1)提及，指的是……e.g.Whenhesaid“somestudents”,doyouthinkhewasreferringtous?2)参考；查阅；询问e.g.Ifyoudon'tunderstandawordyoumayrefertoyourdictionaries.Pleaserefertothelastpageofthebookforanswers.3)关系到；关乎e.g.WhatIhavetosayreferstoallofyou.Thisrulereferstoeveryone.reference:n.参考e.g.referencebooks参考书7.toone'ssurprise(prep)“toone's+名词”表“令某人……”常见的名词有“delight,disappointment,enjoyment,astonishment等e.g.Idiscovered,tomyhorror,thatthegoodswereentirelyunfitforsale.ToJohn'sgreatrelieftheyreachedthehouseatlast.8....foundthemselvesunitedpeacefully“find+宾语＋宾补(adj;adv;v-ing;pp;介词短语；不定式）”e.g.Acookwillbeimmediatelyfiredifheisfoundsmokinginthekitchen.You'llfindhimeasytogetalongwith.Theyfoundthemselvestrappedbythebushfire.WhenIwokeup,Ifoundmyselfinhospital.Icalledonhimyesterday,butIfoundhimout.9.getsthdone=havesthdone使某事被做…….e.g.I'lljustgetthesedisheswashedandthenI'llcome.get+n.+todoget+n.+doingYou'llgethertoagree.I'llgetthecargoing.getdone:用于意想不到、突然或偶然发生，意为“被…….”e.g.Becarefulwhenyoucrossthisverybusystreet.10.breakaway(fromsb/sth)脱离；破除…e.g.Itisnoteasyforhimtobreakawayfrombadhabits.Themanbrokeawayfromhisguards.11.aswellas不仅…而且；既…又…e.g.Heisateacheraswellasawriter.Thechildrenaswellastheirfatherwereseenplayingfootballinthestreet.12.convenience:n.方便；便利（convenient:adj.）e.g.Weboughtthishouseforitsconvenience.13.attraction:（attract:v.）1).吸引；引力(不可数n.)e.g.attractionofgravitation重力2).吸引人的东西；喜闻乐见的东西；精彩节目(可数n.)Hecan'tresisttheattractionoftheseaonahotday.Abigcityoffersmanyandvariedattractions.Whataretheprincipleattractionsthisevening?14.influence1)v.对…产生影响e.g.Whatinfluenceyoutochooseacareerinteaching?2)可数n.产生影响的人或事e.g.Heisoneofthegoodinfluencesintheschool.3)(不可数n.)影响e.g.Ateacherhasgreatinfluenceoverhispupils.15.inmemoryof为纪念Tothememoryof….为了纪念….Inhonorof为向…表示敬意Inadvanceof在…前面Inbehalfof为了…的利益Inexplanationof解释Inpossessionof拥有Insightof看得见Insupportof为了支持Indefenceof保卫Inpraiseof称赞16.辨析error,mistake,oversightError主要指在技术、道德、判断等方面的“错误”，往往会引起一定的不良后果或问题。Mistake主要指在语言、行为等方面的“失误”，程度比“error”轻。Oversight指由于不小心而导致的“疏忽”或“失职”等三、语法总结：过去分词过去分词作宾语补足语时表明宾语是过去分词所表示动作的对象，过去分词与宾语之间有逻辑上的动宾关系。在高中阶段过去分词作宾语补足语的情况通常有以下几种：过去分词用在表示状态的动词keep,leave等的后面Theykeepthedoorlockedforalongtime.Don’tleavethewindowsbrokenlikethisallthetime.“have/get+宾语+过去分词”可以表示两种含义：让别人做某事；遭遇某种不幸Ihavehadmybikerepaired.Thevillagershadmanytreesplantedjustthen.I’llnevergetallthisworkfinished.Ihadmywalletstolenonabuslastmonth.

Theoldmanhadhislegbrokenintheaccident.

Hehadhislegbrokeninthematchyesterday.在“make+宾语+过去分词”这种结构中，过去分词表示结果Iraisedmyvoicetomakemyselfheard.TheymanagedtomakethemselvesunderstoodusingverysimpleEnglish.过去分词常用在感官动词watch,see,hear,listento,notice,feel等的后面Whenwegottoschool,wesawthedoorlocked.Wecanhearthewindowsbeatenbytheheavyraindrops.过去分词用