2021年山东省德州市中考英语试卷

2021年山东省德州市中考英语试卷（2021·山东德州市·真题）Isn'tfastfooddelicious?Aren'tfastfoodrestaurantscool?…Theanswertothesequestionsisyes.However,therearegrowingfactsthatfastfoodisoneoftheworstpartsofmodernlife.Andstudieshaveshownthatburgersandfriedchicken,whichweenjoysomuch,cancausealotofhealthproblems.Inspiteof(尽管)this,whyarefastfoodrestaurantssoattractive(吸引人的)?Thefirstandmostimportantreasonisthattheirserviceisfast.Theirstaff(员工)arefriendlyandverysmart-lookingintheircleanandbrightuniforms(制服).Moreover,mostfastfoodrestaurantsarenearplacesthatpeoplealwayspassby.Itissoeasytogrababurgerandeatonthewaytowork.Fastfoodisoftensoconvenientlypacked(包装方便)thatitwillnotcauseamessevenifyoustandandeatit.Fastfoodrestaurantsarealsoveryclean.Alotofcleverads(广告)havemadethemthecoolestplacesintown,butnoneofthemhasevertoldandwillnevertellyouthattoomuchfastfoodisnotgoodforyourhealth.Suchattractiveplacesaresellingjunkfood!Isn'titapity?Isthereawaytochangethefastfoodrestaurantsintospecialplaceswhereyougetthebestpossible,healthyandfreshfood?Well,whynot?Aspeoplerealizethehealthproblemsthatfastfoodcauses,itisquitelikelythatfastfoodrestaurantsmaygooutofdate.Itmayhappensoonerorlater.Therefore,insteadofresisting(抵制)fastfoodrestaurants,abetterideamaybetopersuade(说服)themtochangetheirmenu!Fastfoodrestaurantscanbeplacestogotowhenyouwanttoeatsomethingthatwillbegoodforyourbody.Iftheycouldcombine(结合)healthyfoodwiththeirspeedofservice,delicioustastesandcomfortablefeelings,thatwillbethenextbestthingontheearthforthehumanbeings!(1)Whatdoes"this"inParagraph2referto? A．Fastfoodisdelicious. B．Fastfoodrestaurantsarecool. C．Peopleenjoyfastfood. D．Fastfoodcancausehealthproblems.(2)FastfoodhasmanyadvantagesEXCEPTthatit's_____. A．delicious B．fast C．healthy D．unhealthy(3)Whichwordcanreplacetheword"grab"inParagraph3? A．movesuddenly. B．getquickly. C．throwquickly. D．carrycarefully.(4)Accordingtothepassage,adsaboutfastfood_____. A．showyouallthefacts B．don'ttellyouthewholetruth C．makeithardtobuyfastfood D．makefastfoodrestaurantsoutofdate(5)Theauthoradvises_____. A．makingtheserviceoffastfoodfaster B．resistingfastfoodrestaurants C．changingtastesoffastfood D．makingfastfoodgoodforhealth（2021·山东德州市·真题）HereatNatureLovingKids,weknowhowmuchyouwanttomakeapositive(积极的)differencetoourworld!So,readontofindouthowtoprotectourearth…Saveenergyandwater!—Onafineandclearday,hangthingsoutsidetodry!Thissavesenergythatwouldhavebeenusedonthedryer(烘干机)—Ifyoucan,trycycling,walking,orusingpublictransporttogetoutandabout,insteadofusingthecar.—Turnthetaps(水龙头)offwhilebrushingyourteeth,andtakeshortshowersoffourminutesorless!Beanadvocate(倡导者)!—Shareyourknowledgewithothers,andhelpthembecomeeco-heroestoo!Ittakeslotsofpeopleworkingtogethertomakechangeshappen—soshare,share,share!Reduce,reuse,recycle!—Beforeyouthrowsomethingaway,stopandthinkaboutwhatelseitcouldbeusedfor!Befriendlytowildlife!—Makeyourgardenwildlife-friendly!Youcouldbuildabeehotel,orevencreateapool.—Ifyouownacatthatgoesoutdoors,putabellarounditsnecksothatvulnerablewildlifecanhearitcomingandmaketheirescape!Thinkaboutit!Whatelsecanyoudotomaketheworldbetter?Now,getoutthereandsavetheworld—youcandoit!(1)Tosaveenergyorwater,you'dbetter_____. A．drythingsinthesun B．driveacartowork C．takelongshowers D．brushteethwithwaterrunning(2)Tocallonmorepeopletoworktogether,youshould_____. A．saveenergyandwater B．beanadvocate C．reduce,reuseandrecycle D．befriendlytowildlife(3)Whatdoestheunderlinedword"vulnerable"meaninChinese? A．野生的. B．家养的. C．强壮的. D．弱小的.(4)Thepurposeofthepassageisto_____. A．helpthekidslearnEnglish B．helppeoplelearnmoreaboutkids C．teachkidshowtokeepanimals D．tellthekidshowtoprotecttheearth(5)Thispassageisfrom_____. A．aguidebook B．asciencebook C．awebsite D．anewspaper（2021·山东德州市·真题）Weseehumansallaroundus.Butwhenwasthefirsthumanseen?Earlyhumansdidnotleavebehindanywrittenrecords.However,theyleftbehindmanypaintingsonthewallsofthecaves(洞穴)wheretheylived.Thesepaintingstellabouttheirlife,andweknowtheseearlyhumanswalkedonfourlimbs(四肢)likeapes(猿).Also,theydidnotliveatoneplacebutmovedfromplacetoplaceinsearchoffoodandwater.Withoutanytools,earlyhumansusedstones,bonesofanimals,andsharppiecesofwoodtodig,huntandcuttheirfood.Theyalsousedthesetoprotectthemselvesfromanimals.Sincestoneswereusedtomaketools,thisagewascalledStoneAge.Withtimegoing,toolsmadeofbonesandstoneswerereplacedwithmetal(金属的)oneswhichwerestronger,sharper,andlong-lasting.Metalswerealsousedforfarmingandmakingknives.Copper(铜)wasthefirstmetaltobeused.Thefirstfirethatearlyhumansnoticedwasnaturalfirecausedbylightning(闪电).Withfire,earlyhumanscouldlightupdarkcaves.Theycouldkeepthemselveswarmduringcoldweatherandcookmeat.Alsothefirecoulddriveanimalsaway.Earlyhumansnoticednewtreesgrowingfromtheseeds(种子)thatfelltothegroundfromthefruits.Thisgavethemtheideathattheycouldmaketheirownfoodbyplantingseeds,whichledtofarming.Withthebeginningoffarming,earlyhumansbegantosettledown(定居).Theymovedoutofthecavesandlivedonfarmsandneartheirfieldstogether,thenthefirstvillagescameup.Raisinganimalswasabigeventinhumanhistorythatchangedthelifeofearlyhumans.Thewilddogswereprobablythefirstanimaltoberaised.Astimewent,goats,sheep,cows,donkeys,andhorseswerekept,too.Thisledtoherding(畜牧业).Milk,meatandwoolcamefromtheseanimals.(1)Earlyhumans'paintingsdon'ttellus_____. A．whenthefirsthumanappeared B．howtheywalked C．wheretheylived D．howtheylived(2)Earlyhumanshadtomovearoundinorderto_____. A．findmorecavestolivein B．protectthemselvesfromanimals C．lookforfoodandwater D．makekindsoftools(3)Earlyhumansusedfireto_____.①lightupdarkcaves②keepthemselveswarm③cookmeat④driveanimalsaway⑤makeknives A．①②③④ B．①②④⑤ C．②③④⑤ D．①②③⑤(4)Earlyhumanswereabletoliveinoneplacewhen_____. A．theycouldwalkontwofeet B．theycouldusemetals C．theyknewhowtofarm D．theyknewhowtousefire(5)Whichstatementisrightaccordingtothepassage? A．Thefirsttoolsweremadeofcopper. B．Thefirstfirenoticedbyearlyhumanswascausedbylightning. C．Thefirstvillagescameupbeforethefarmingappeared. D．Thefirstanimaltoberaisedwassheep.（2021·山东德州市·真题）Althoughit'ssaidVanGogh(梵高)(1853-1890)soldonlyonepaintingduringhislifetime,differenttheories(理论)exist(存在).ItistruethatTheRedVineyardistheonlypaintingsoldduringVanGogh'slifetime,andthatwasofficially(官方地)recordedandacceptedbytheartworld.It'srecordedthatVanGoghstartedpaintingat27,anddiedat37.HisfamouspaintingswereproducedafterhewenttoFrancein1888,onlytwoyearsbeforehedied.Soitwouldbeclearthathedidnotsellmany.However,othersdisagree.TheleadingVanGoghscholar(学者),Marc,isoneofthem.ThoughthestorythatVanGoghsoldjustonepaintingstillgoesaround,heinsists(坚持说)thatVanGoghsoldatleasttwo.Also,accordingtotheVanGoghMuseumwebsite,VanGoghactuallysoldanumberofpaintingsforlivingduringhislifetime.Hisfirstmoneycamefromhisuncle,whowasanartdealer(经销商).InordertohelpVanGogh'scareer(事业),heordered19paintings.AndVanGoghhimselfwouldoftentradehispaintingsforfoodorartsupplies(美术用品)whenhewasyounger.VdiedinJulyof1890.HisbrotherwasawisedealerandsavedlotsofpaintingsbyVanGogh.Hisgreatestwishwastomaketheworksmorewidelyknownandmakemuchmoney.Sadlyhehimselfdiedjustsixmonthslater.Heleftalargecollectionofarttohiswife,who"soldsomeofVanGogh'sworks,lentasmanyasshecouldtoexhibitions,andpublished(出版)manyofVanGogh'sletterstohisbrother.Withouther,VanGoghwouldneverhavebecomeasfamousasheistoday."Afterherdeath,hersonfoundedtheVanGoghMuseum.(1)Accordingto_____,onlyonepaintingwassoldduringVanGogh'slifetime. A．theofficialrecords B．theVanGoghMuseumwebsite C．VanGogh'sbrother'sson D．VanGogh'suncle(2)Whatcanweinfer(推断)fromParagraph4? A．VanGogh'spaintingswerepopular. B．VanGoghwaspoorthen. C．VanGoghdislikedhispaintings. D．VanGogh'spaintingswereexpensive.(3)Whichstatementisrightaccordingtothepassage? A．VanGogh'sbrothergotrichbysellinghispaintings. B．VanGoghwrotemanyletterstohisbrother. C．VanGogh'sbrotherdiedearlierthanhim. D．VanGogh'sbrother'swifesoldallhisworks.(4)WhoisthemostimportantpersontomakeVanGoghsofamous? A．VanGoghhimself. B．VanGogh'sbrother. C．VanGogh'sbrother'swife. D．TheleadingVanGoghscholar.(5)Thepassageismainlyabout_____. A．whetherVanGoghsoldonlyonepaintinginhislife B．howVanGoghbecamefamous C．thewholelifeofVanGogh D．thefamilyofVanGogh（2021·山东德州市·真题）ManuelVera,wholivesinMaryland,is71yearsold.Hethinksthathomesmustbefullofoldbikesbecausebikesaregoodmemoriesofhomeandlove.Hesaid,"IgrewupinPeru.Myfathertaughtmetoride.Irememberwhenmyfatherfirstletgoofthebike.Icouldgowherevermybikemighttakeme."Childrengrowupanddon'tneedthemanymore.Somepeoplestopridingthembecauseofmorecars.ManuelVerafeltkindofsad.Hewouldtrytogettheseoldbikesbackontheroad.In2020,hesentamessagetohisneighbors.Itsaidhewouldfixtheirbikesforfree.Mr.Verafixed104bicyclesinthelastyear.Heranoutofbikestoworkon.Heaskedifpeoplehadunusedbikesinthemessage.Hewouldfixthemupandgivethemaway.Mr.Veragivesthebikesawayatapark.Hesaysitistheperfectplace.Sometimes,Mr.Verawillseeabicyclehefixed."Everyoldbikeisshiningwithgoodmemoriesoflove,"hesaidwithhiseyesshining.(1) A．Anideacametohismind. B．Itwasasurprisetoridebymyself. C．Thatmakeshimthinkofhischildhood. D．InJanuaryhesentanothermessagearound. E．Allhisneighborsarethankfultohimfordoingthis. F．Astimegoes,bikesaredisappearinginpeople'slife.(2) A．Anideacametohismind. B．Itwasasurprisetoridebymyself. C．Thatmakeshimthinkofhischildhood. D．InJanuaryhesentanothermessagearound. E．Allhisneighborsarethankfultohimfordoingthis. F．Astimegoes,bikesaredisappearinginpeople'slife.(3) A．Anideacametohismind. B．Itwasasurprisetoridebymyself. C．Thatmakeshimthinkofhischildhood. D．InJanuaryhesentanothermessagearound. E．Allhisneighborsarethankfultohimfordoingthis. F．Astimegoes,bikesaredisappearinginpeople'slife.(4) A．Anideacametohismind. B．Itwasasurprisetoridebymyself. C．Thatmakeshimthinkofhischildhood. D．InJanuaryhesentanothermessagearound. E．Allhisneighborsarethankfultohimfordoingthis. F．Astimegoes,bikesaredisappearinginpeople'slife.(5) A．Anideacametohismind. B．Itwasasurprisetoridebymyself. C．Thatmakeshimthinkofhischildhood. D．InJanuaryhesentanothermessagearound. E．Allhisneighborsarethankfultohimfordoingthis. F．Astimegoes,bikesaredisappearinginpeople'slife.we,face,but,like,what,immediate,although,sun,surprise,one,good​RowBoatsintheParkIkeepanumberoflistsaboutthingsIwanttodo,placesIwanttosee,andfoodIwanttoeat.Andforalongtime—nearlysevenyears—rowingboatsintheparkhasalwaysbeenthethingonmylists.Somehow,checkingthisoneoffthelistalwaysmeantthatmanythingshadtobejustright:therightweather,afreeday,andchildcare-free.Well,tomyandhappiness,allthreeofthosethingsdidcometogetheronmybirthdaymorning!Afterbreakfast,JordanandImadeourwaytothepark.theautumncolorsweren'tyetattheirpeak(峰值),theautumnscenery(风景)wasstillgreattosee.Itwas,andthewindwassoftandgentle.Ourlimited(有限的)row-boatingskillsgaveusreasonstolaughat.Wemadeourwaypastthetrees,underthebridge,andintothelake.Thewaterwasstillandclearamirror(镜子)undertheboat,inwhichwecanseethereflections(倒影)oftheboatandoursmiling.EverythingwasfunasIimagined.Ican'tthinkofawaytogetrelaxedonmybirthdaythanthis."Haveyoudecidedtodonextonyourlists?"Jordanaskedme."Ihavetothinkitover,"Ireplied."Takeyourtime,"Jordansaidtome,"Iwillalwaysbehere."(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)（2021·山东德州市·真题）talk,look,travel,check,see,do,help,keep,make,be,feelWhenArielrodeherbiketotheriverside,lastNovember,sheplannedtogohikingandbird-watching.Bingo!Amileintoherwalk,sheabeautifulswan(天鹅)lyingneartheriverside.ArielhadworkedattheWildBirdFundrehabcenter(康复中心)andknewthatswanscanbeaggressive(攻击性的).Butasshegotclosetothisone,shefoundthatitwashurt."Iit,oritwilldie,"shethought.Arielputherjacketoverthebird'sheaditcalm.Shegentlypickeditup,andhelditinherarms.Andthenshethought,"WhatdoIdonow?"Herbestchoicetherehabcenter,butthatwasacrosstheriverandontheothersideofthecity.Howwasshegoingtotransporta17-poundswanonherbikeallthatway?Luckily,whenshearoundforhelp,somestrangersdrovebyandofferedher,herbikeandtheswanaridetoanearbysubwaystation.Arielcalledtherehabcenterontheway,andananimal-caremanagerpickedherupatthesubwaystationanddrovethebird,thebikeandhertothecenter.There,theswan,treatedandtakengoodcareof.Bynow,thebirdmanyswanfriendsthere,anditislivingahappylife.It'sreallyahappyending.Therealstoryisjusthowfarsomepeoplearewillingtogotosaveaswaninthebigcity.Inall,Arielspenttwohoursonfoot,bycarandsubway."Ifananimalisindanger,IwhateverIcan.Ialwayshappybecauseofthis,"shesaid.That'stheperfectsummaryofwhosheis.Doyouagree?(1)​(2)​(3)​(4)​(5)​(6)​(7)​(8)​(9)​(10)​（2021·山东德州市·真题）Self-loveisthemostimportantifyouwanttofindoutyourfullpotentials(潜质)onearth.Acceptingwhoyouaremakesyoufeelthatyouaregoodenough.Youaregoodenoughdoesnotyouareperfect.Nobodyisperfect.Beinggoodenoughmeansyouacceptwhoyouareandbelieveinyourself.Thetruthis,opinionsofotherpeoplemakeithardforyoutofindthegoodpartofyourself.So,youneedtobelieveinyourselfinsteadofcaringwhatpeoplethinkofyou.Besureyouaredoingitforyourself,notforsomeoneelse.Justmakeeffortstoimproveyourselfandthenyouaresuretobecomethebestyoucanbe,orabetterversion(版本)ofyourself.Whatshouldwedowhensomeoneisstuck(深陷)intheoceanofnotfeelinggoodenough?Herearesomesuggestionstohelp.First,beagoodlistener.Listeningtosomeonewillnotonlymakethemfeeltheyareworthybutalsomakeyouknowbetterwhattheyaregoingthrough.Thenyouwillgettheideaofhowtocheerthem.Besides,alwaysencourageothers.Whenpeopletalkabouttheirdreams,tellthemit'spossiblethatalldreamscancometrue.So,lovingothersinthiswaywillmakethemfeelgoodenough.(1)Whatdoes"beinggoodenough"mean?(2)TranslatetheunderlinedsentenceintoChinese.(3)Whatshouldyoudotomakeyourselfabetterversion?(4)Listtwosuggestionsmentionedtohelpothersfeelgoodenough.a.b.(5)Giveapropertitletothepassage.（2021·山东德州市·真题）世界卫生组织和联合国儿童基金会将生活技能（lifeskills）作为全球青少年儿童发展的重要主题之一。请根据图中提示写一篇英语短文，描述作为青少年，你们应提高哪些及如何提高自己的生活技能。除了提示中的内容，请你至少再补充一条。要求：1.语言通顺，要点齐全，意思连贯，条理清楚，书写规范；2.文中不得出现真实的姓名和学校名称；3.80~100词，文章开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。Lifeskillsarenecessaryforus.Whatlifeskillsshouldweteenagersdevelop?Andhow?Hereismyopinion.Allinall,ifwetryourbesttoimprovetheselifeskills,wewillleadahappier,andhealthierlife.

答案1.【答案】(1)D(2)C(3)B(4)B(5)D【解析】(1)文章讲述了快餐食物虽然好处很多，但吃多了对身体不好，所以未来可以进行改善。词义猜测题。根据Andstudieshaveshownthatburgersandfriedchicken,whichweenjoysomuch,cancausealotofhealthproblems.研究表明，我们非常喜欢的汉堡和炸鸡会导致许多健康问题。可知此处指代前文提到过的快餐食物会导致很多健康问题。(2)理解判断题。根据butnoneofthemhasevertoldandwillnevertellyouthattoomuchfastfoodisnotgoodforyourhealth但是他们中没有人告诉过你，也永远不会告诉你吃太多快餐对你的健康不好。因此C项“健康的”不是快餐的优点。(3)细节理解题。根据第三段段意，尽管如此，为什么快餐店如此有吸引力？第一个也是最重要的原因是他们的服务速度很快。他们的员工很友好，穿着干净明亮的制服，看起来很漂亮。而且，大多数快餐店都在人们经常路过的地方附近。在上班的路上抓个汉堡吃是很容易的。可知，grab意思应用本段想表达的速度快有关，B项“快速得到”符合题意。(4)细节理解题。根据第四段Alotofcleverads(广告)havemadethemthecoolestplacesintown,butnoneofthemhasevertoldandwillnevertellyouthattoomuchfastfoodisnotgoodforyourhealth.很多聪明的广告已经把它们变成了镇上最酷的地方，但是没有一个广告曾经也永远不会告诉你吃太多快餐对你的健康有害。可知，广告没有告诉你真相。(5)推理判断题。根据最后一段段意，因此，与其抵制快餐店，不如说服他们改变他们的菜单!当你想吃对身体有好处的东西时，快餐店可以是你去的地方。如果他们能把健康的食物和他们的服务速度、美味的味道和舒适的感觉结合起来，那将是地球上人类的下一个最好的事情。可知作者建议让快餐对健康有益。【知识点】细节理解、议论文、食物与饮料(Foodanddrinks)、推理判断2.【答案】(1)A(2)B(3)D(4)D(5)C【解析】(1)这是一篇健康环保类阅读。文章主要通过提出建议告诉孩子们如何保护地球。一、节约能源或者水；二、成为一个倡导者；三、减少或者重复利用资源；四、友好对待野生动物。细节理解题。根据Onafineandclearday,hangthingsoutsidetodry!可知为了节约能源或者水，最好在太阳底下晒干东西。(2)细节理解题。根据Ittakeslotsofpeopleworkingtogethertomakechangeshappen—soshare,share,share!可知为了号召更多人一起努力，你应该成为一个倡导者，与他人分享知识。(3)词义猜测题。根据“wildlifecanhearitcomingandmaketheirescape”可知给猫戴上铃铛的目的是让野生动物可以听到猫靠近的声音然后逃跑，说明这里的野生动物是比较弱小的。(4)目的意图题。根据weknowhowmuchyouwanttomakeapositive(积极的)differencetoourworld!So,readontofindouthowtoprotectourearth…可知这篇文章的目的是告诉孩子们如何保护地球。(5)文章来源题。根据文章开头的网站地址可知这篇文章出自某个网站。【知识点】细节理解、主旨大意、推理判断、猜测词义、应用文、环境保护(Environmentalprotection)3.【答案】(1)A(2)C(3)A(4)C(5)B【解析】(1)本文主要介绍了早期人类社会的发展。细节判断题。根据第一段However,theyleftbehindmanypaintingsonthewallsofthecaves(洞穴)wheretheylived.Thesepaintingstellabouttheirlife,andweknowtheseearlyhumanswalkedonfourlimbs(四肢)likeapes(猿).Also,theydidnotliveatoneplacebutmovedfromplacetoplaceinsearchoffoodandwater.然而，在他们居住过的洞穴里的墙上他们留下了很多绘画，这些绘画讲了他们的生活，而且我们知道这些早期人类像猿一样用四肢行走。同样，他们也没有定居在一个地方而是从一个地方到另一个地方寻找食物和水，据此判断早期人类的绘画并没有告诉我们第一个人类是什么时候出现的，故选A。(2)细节理解题。根据第一段Also,theydidnotliveatoneplacebutmovedfromplacetoplaceinsearchoffoodandwater.同样，他们也没有定居在一个地方而是从一个地方到另一个地方寻找食物和水，可知早期人类搬迁是为了寻找食物和水，故选C。(3)细节理解题。根据第四段Withfire,earlyhumanscouldlightupdarkcaves.Theycouldkeepthemselveswarmduringcoldweatherandcookmeat.Alsothefirecoulddriveanimalsaway.可知有了火，早期人类可以照亮黑暗的洞穴。可以在寒冷的天气保暖并且做肉食，同样火可以驱赶动物，故选A。(4)细节理解题。根据第五段Withthebeginningoffarming,earlyhumansbegantosettledown(定居).随着农耕的开始，早期人类开始定居，可知早期人类知道如何农耕时开始在一个地方生活，故选C。(5)细节判断题。根据第四段Thefirstfirethatearlyhumansnoticedwasnaturalfirecausedbylightning早期人类发现的第一次火是闪电引起的自然火，B选项描述与原文相符，因此正确，故选B。【知识点】细节理解、历史(History)、记叙文4.【答案】(1)A(2)B(3)B(4)C(5)A【解析】(1)细节理解题。根据ItistruethatTheRedVineyardistheonlypaintingsoldduringVanGogh'slifetime,andthatwasofficially(官方地)recordedandacceptedbytheartworld.可知诚然，《红葡萄园》是梵高有生之年唯一售出的画作，这是官方的说法并被艺术界所记录和接受。(2)推理判断题。根据AndVanGoghhimselfwouldoftentradehispaintingsforfoodorartsupplies(美术用品)whenhewasyounger.可知梵高年轻的时候。他本人也经常用绘画来换取食物或美术用品；因此可知梵高那时很穷。(3)细节理解题。根据published(出版)manyofVanGogh'sletterstohisbrother.出版了许多梵高写给他哥哥的信。可知梵高给他哥哥写了许多信。(4)细节理解题。根据Heleftalargecollectionofarttohiswife,who"soldsomeofVanGogh'sworks,lentasmanyasshecouldtoexhibitions,andpublished(出版)manyofVanGogh'sletterstohisbrother.Withouther,VanGoghwouldneverhavebecomeasfamousasheistoday.可知他把一大批艺术收藏品留给了妻子，妻子卖掉了梵高的一些作品，尽可能多地借给展览，并且出版许多梵高写给他哥哥的信。没有她，梵高永远不会像今天这样出名。因此可知梵高哥哥的妻子是使梵高如此出名的最重要的人。(5)主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是根据Althoughit'ssaidVanGogh(梵高)(1853-1890)soldonlyonepaintingduringhislifetime,differenttheories(理论)exist(存在).可知虽然据说梵高（1853-1890）一生只卖出了一幅画，但是不同的理论和说法仍然存在；同时结合下文可知，本文主要讲述了梵高一生中是否只卖过一幅画。【知识点】细节理解、主旨大意、推理判断、记叙文、艺术(Arts)5.【答案】(1)C(2)B(3)F(4)A(5)D【解析】(1)短文讲了住在马里兰州的曼努埃尔·维拉，详细地介绍了他的关于自行车的回忆。根据前句“Hethinksthathomesmustbefullofoldbikesbecausebikesaregoodmemoriesofhomeandlove.他认为家里一定装满了旧自行车，因为自行车是家和爱的美好回忆。”可知说的是美好的回忆，结合选项，应说那使他想起了他的童年。(2)根据后句“Icouldgowherevermybikemighttakeme.我可以骑自行车去任何地方。”可知说的是作者自己骑自行车，结合选项，应说我自己骑自行车是一件令人惊讶的事。(3)根据后句“Childrengrowupanddon'tneedthemanymore.Somepeoplestopridingthembecauseofmorecars.孩子们长大了，不再需要他们了。有些人因为更多的车而不再骑他们了。”可知说的是自行车消失，结合选项，应说随着时间的推移，自行车正在人们的生活中消失。(4)根据后句“Hewouldtrytogettheseoldbikesbackontheroad.In2020,hesentamessagetohisneighbors.Itsaidhewouldfixtheirbikesforfree，他会设法让这些旧自行车重新上路。2020年，他给邻居发了一条信息，说他将免费修理他们的自行车。”可知说的是一个主意，结合选项，应说他想到了一个主意。(5)根据后句“Heaskedifpeoplehadunusedbikesinthemessage.Hewouldfixthemupandgivethemaway.他在留言中问人们是否有未使用的自行车。他会把它们修好并送人。”可知说的是另一个想法，结合选项，应说一月份，他又发了另一条消息。【知识点】细节理解、记叙文、其他人(Otherpeople)6.【答案】(1)first(2)surprise(3)immediately(4)Although(5)sunny(6)ourselves(7)like(8)faces(9)better(10)what【解析】(1)本文说的是作者在生日那天完成了自己长久以来的心愿——去公园划船。短文记叙了事情发生的经过。考查序数词。根据上文“IkeepanumberoflistsaboutthingsIwanttodo,placesIwanttosee,andfoodIwanttoeat”可知，我保存着很多清单，上面写着我想去做的事情，我想去看的地方和我想吃的食物。长期以来（长达七年），去公园划船总是成为这些清单上我最想做的事情。first第一；最……的。(2)考查名词。根据语境可知句意是，令我吃惊和高兴的是，在我生日的早晨，这三者一起来了。toone'ssurprise令某人吃惊的是。(3)考查副词。根据语境可知句意是，早饭后，乔丹和我立刻向公园走去。应填副词immediately，作为状语，表示“立刻”。(4)考查连词。根据语境可知句意是，虽然秋天的色彩并没有达到顶峰，但是秋天的风景仍然值得看。应填连词although，引导让步状语从句，表示“虽然……但是”。(5)考查形容词。根据语境可知句意是，天气晴朗，风儿很轻柔。应填形容词sunny，作为表语，表示“晴朗的”。(6)考查代词。根据语境可知句意是，我们有限的划船技巧给予我们自嘲的理由。应填代词ourselves，作为介词at的宾语，表示主语和这个宾语是同一人，其意思是“我们自己”。(7)考查介词。根据语境可知句意是，水面平静而清澈，在船下面像一面镜子。应填介词like，和后面的帮助组成介宾结构，充当状语。意思是“像……一样”。(8)考查名词。根据语境可知句意是，从水中，我们可以看到小船的倒影和我们的笑脸。应填face的复数，和前面的reflections作为并列宾语，表示“面孔”这个整体事物。(9)考查形容词。根据语境可知句意是，在我生日这天，我想不到一种比这更能让我感到放松的更好的方法。应填better，作为定语，表示“更好的”。(10)考查代词。根据应填代词what，和后面的不定式组成“疑问代词（副词）+不定式”结构，充当宾语，且what在这个结构中充当do的逻辑宾语，其意思是“什么”，即“要做的事情”。句意：下一步你是否已经决定了做你清单上的什么事情？【知识点】although、户外活动(Outdooractivities)、like(像,比如)、better、toone'ssurprise、whattodo、immediately、sunny、face、ourselves、first、记叙文7.【答案】(1)saw(2)musthelp(3)tohelp(4)was(5)waslooking(6)waschecked(7)hasmade(8)traveling；travelling(9)willdo(10)feel【解析】(1)本文说的是一个女孩抢救一只受伤的天鹅的故事。她只是一个代表，像这样的人有很多。考查动词。根据语境可知句意是，她看到一只天鹅躺在河边。本句是seesbdoingsth句型，意思是“看到某人正在做某事”，且事情发生在过去，故用一般过去时。(2)考查动词。根据上文“shefoundthatitwashurt”可知，因为她发现它受伤了，所以她说：“我必须帮助它，否则它会死掉。”(3)考查不定式。根据语境可知句意是，艾里尔把自己的夹克包住鸟的头部，以便帮它镇定下来。应填tohelp，作为目的状语。(4)考查动词。根据上文“WhatdoIdonow”可知，现在我该怎么办？她的最佳选择是康复中心。故填was，构成一般过去时，意思是“是”。(5)考查动词。根据语境可知句意是，幸运的是，正当她在附近需求帮助时，一些陌生人开车经过。lookfor寻找。应填waslooking，构成过去进行时，表示过去某时正在发生的动作。(6)考查动词。根据语境可知句意是，在那里，天鹅得到检查、治疗，并且受到很好的照顾。check检查。主语和动词check（即后面的treat和taken）是动宾关系，故用被动语态；事情发生在过去，故用一般过去时。(7)考查动词。根据语境可知句意是，到现在为止，这只鸟在那里已经结交了很多朋友。makefriends交朋友。根据句中时间状语“Bynow”可知，本句为现在完成时。(8)考查动名词。根据语境可知句意是，艾里尔花费两小时通过步行、乘车和坐地铁来旅行。travel旅行。本句是spendsometimedoingsth句型，意思是“花费时间做某事”。(9)考查动词。根据语境可知句意是，如果有只鸟处于危险中，我会尽自己所能去做一切。do做。从句是条件句，是用一般现在时代替一般将来时，而主句则应为一般将来时。(10)考查动词。根据语境可知句意是，我总是因此而感到高兴。feel感到。本句说的是现在经常发生的事情，故用一般现在时。【知识点】travel、