FOB贸易术语解释(中英文)

FＯB贸易术语解释(中英文)FREＥOＮBＯAＲDﻫ（、、、namedportofshｉpmenｔ）ﻫ“FrｅeonBoarｄ"mｅansthattｈeｓellｅｒdｅliversｗhenthｅgｏodsｐasｓtheshｉp''ｓraｉlatｔhenamedｐｏrtofshipment、Thismｅansｔhａtthebｕyｅrhastｏｂearalｌｃostsanｄrisｋsoflｏｓsｏfｏrdａmagetoｔhegｏodsfｒｏｍｔhａｔpｏｉｎt、ＴhｅFOＢtｅｒmrequiｒeｓtheｓellertｏcleaｒthegooｄsforexport、Ｔhｉstermｃaｎbeｕseｄoｎlyfｏｒseaorinlandwaterwaytraｎsporｔ、Ｉfthｅｐarｔiｅsdｏnotｉnteｎdtｏdeｌiverｔhｅgoｏdsacrosｓthｅship''sraiｌ,theFCAtermshｏuldheｕsｅd、ATＨESEＬLER＇＇SOBＬＩＧATIＯＮSBTHEＢUＹEＲsionofgoodsiｎcoｎfoｒmityｗithｔhecｏｎｔraｃtnvｏｉce,oritｓeqｕivaｌｅntelｅｃｔroｎiｃmeｓsａge，iｎcｏnformｉtyｗitｈtheｃtｙwinchmaybeｒﻫＢ１Ｐaymｅｎtofthepricｅcｅaspｒovidedinthecontrａcｔｏｆsaｌe、ﻫA2＇'SＯＢLＩＧAＴIONSA1ProvｉTｈesellｅrｍｕsｔｐｒovideｔhegoｏdsandｔhemercialｉｏnｔrａcｔoｆｓaleaｎdanyoｔherevidencｅofconfｏrmｉequirｅdbythecontraｃt、ThebuyｅrｍusｔpaytheprｉLicences，authoｒｉｓatｉoｎsandｆormalitiｅsＴｈesellｅrｍustｏbtａｉnathisownriskaｎｄexpｅｎseanｙexｐortlicｅｎcｅoroｔherｏfｆiciaｌauthoｒｉsatｉonanｄcaｒryout,ｗhｅreaｐplicaｂlｅ1,allｃuｓtomsformalｉtiesnｅｃessaryfｏrtｈｅｅｘｐortｏｆｔhegooｄs、B2Lｉｃenｃｅs,ａuthoriｓatiｏｎsandformalitiesﻫThｅｂuyermｕstobtainathｉsownriskandeｘpenseａnyimpoｒtlｉcｅnceorｏtｈeｒofｆicialauthorisａtioｎandcarryout，wheｒｅapplicable2,ａllcusｔｏmsfｏrmaｌitieｓfoｒtheiｍportｏｆｔhｅgｏｏｄsａnｄ,wherｅneｃｅsｓary，foｒtheirtransitthroｕghａnycouｎtｒy、A3Ｃoｎｔｒａｃtsｏｆcarriａgeandinsuranceﻫa)ContｒａｃtoｆcarｒｉageNｏobｌigａtiｏn３ﻫb)ＣontraｃtｏfinｓｕranｃeﻫNoobligatiｏn4、Ｂ３Cｏntｒaｃtofcarrｉagｅaｎdiｎsurａnｃea)ＣｏｎtractofcarriageﻫＴhｅbuyｅｒmｕstｃｏｎｔｒaｃtathisownexpenｓeforｔhecａrriagｅｏfthegoodsfｒoｍthenaｍedpｏrｔofｓhiｐment、ﻫb)ConｔractofinｓNｏoｂlｉgatｉon、5ﻫA４DｅlｉｖｅryﻫＴhｅｓellermuｓuraｎｃetｄelivｅrtｈｅgoodstheagreｅdpeｒiodatｔｈｅnａｍedｐｏrｔofｓｙaｔthｅportonboaｒdontｈeｄateorwithiｎhiｐmｅｎｔandinｔhemａnnｅrｃustoｍａｒthevesselｎｏmｉnatedbｙtheｂｕｙeｒ、Ｂ4TａkingｄelivｅryThebｕyｅrmusｔｔaｋedeliｖeryoｆｔorｄancewｉｔｈA4、Ａ5TransfeｒofrisksﻫＴｈesellｅｏfB５,beaｒallriｓksｏflｏssofordａmagｅｔotｈegｏｕchtｉmeastｈｅｙhaｖｅｐasseｄtheｓhip'＇sｒailａtthｅnａmedpｏｒtｏfshipｍeｎt、B5TrａnsferofriｓｋsﻫTｈebuyeｒmuｓtbeaｒdamagｅｔｏthegoodsfｒomthetimetｈeyhaveｐassedtheｓｈiｐ''sｒaｉlatｔhenaｍｅdｐortofshiｐmｅnt;ａnｄfroｒeeddatｅorthegoｏdswｈentheyhavｅbeendeｌiveredinacｃrmust,ｓubjecｔtotｈeｐroｖisioｎｓodsuｎtｉｌsallｒisksoflｏｓsofoｒntｈｅaｇｒｈeeｘpiｒｙdａtｅofthｅａgｒｅｅdｐeｒｉodfordeliverywｈiｃhariseｂecauseheｆaiｌsｔogiｖenoticeinaｃｃｏrdａncｅｗithB7，orbｅcauseｔｈｅvesselnominatedbyhimflailstｏarriveｏntｉｍｏtａｋetｈegoodｓesfoｒcargoeaｒliｅｒthanｔhｅtｉｍeｎotｉfiedinａcｃordanｃewｉtｈＢ7,ｐrovided，howeｖer,tｈaｔtheｇｏodshａvｅbｅendulyaｐproprｉａtedｔｏtｈｅcontrａcｔ,tｈａtiｓｔoｓatｈerwiseidentifiedastｈecoｎｔractgoｏds、ofcosｔsﻫＴheｓｅllerｍust,subjecttｏtｈeｐroｖｉsionｓofB6，payalｌｃoｓtsrｅlatｉngtothegｏodsｕntｉlsuｃｈtimeasｔhｅyhavepａthenamedporｔｏｆshipmｅｎｔ;andlicablｅ6,tｈecｏstsoｆcustｏmｓfoｒmaｌｉtiesｎecessａryforeｘporｔasweｌlasalldutieｓ,ｔaxesaｎdｏtｈｅrchargｅsｐayａblee，oriｓunableｔ,orcｌoｓｙ,clearlyseｔasiｄeorｏＡ６Divisioｎssedthｅship'＇srａｉｌaｔWherｅａｐｐupｏnexpｏrt、B６DiｖｉsｉoｎｏｆcostsＴhebｕyｅrmｕsｔpayallcosｔsrelatiｎgtothｅgｏodsfromtｈｅｔimetｈeyｈａｖeｐasseｄtｈeship'＇srａilａｔthenaｍedportofshipmeｎｔ;aｎdａnyaddiｔionalcｏｓtsincｕｒrｅｄ,ｅiｔhｅｒbｅcａｕｓetheｖesseｌnｏminatedbyhｉmfailstoａrｒｉveｏntime,orisunabletｏtaketheｇoｏｄs，orclosesｆorｃａrｇoeａrliｅrthanthｅtimenｏccoｒdancewitｈB7，oｒｂecａusｅtheｂuyerhasfａiledtoｇiveappropｒiatｅｎotｉｃｅｉｎacｃorｄａnｃeｗｉthB７,prｏｅgooｄshａvebeenｄｕlyappropriaｔedｔｏtheconｔraｃt,tｈａｔisｔｏsay,clｅarlysetasideｏrotｈerwiseiｄｅｎtｉfｉedastｈecontｒaｃtgｏｏｄｓ;andwｈeｒeapｐｌicable7,ａlldutiｅｓ，tａxesanｄｏｔherｃhargesaswｅｌlasthecostsoｆcarryｉngoutｃustomsｆｏimpｏrｔofｔhegoｏﻫA７NoticetothebｕyerﻫTheseｌｌeｒｍusｔgiｖethebuyersuffｉｃｉenｔｎodshaｖeｂｅeｎｄeｌivｅrｅdiｎaccordaｎcewitｈA4、ｔiｆiedinａvｉded,however,thatthrmaliｔiespayableupondsａndｆortheｉrｔransiｔｔhrｏｕgｈaｎyｃountry、oticｅtｈａtthｅgｏB７NｏｔicetoｔｈｅbｕyerﻫThｅbuyermusｔgivｅtheｓellｅｒsuｆfｉcｉentnoticeofthevesselname,ｌoaｄingpｏｉntandｒｅquireddelｉverｙｔime、ﻫＡ8Proｏfofdeliveｒy,tｒaｎｓportdoｃｕmentorequｉvalentelｅcｔｒonicmeｓｓａgeＴｈesｅｌlermustproｖideｔhebuyeｒａtthesellｅr''ｓexｐenｓewitｈtheusuａlｐroofofdeliveryinａccordａncｅwithA4、ﻫＵnlessｔhｅdocｕmentｒeferredtointｈeprｅcedingparaｇｒaphｉsｔｈetrａnspｏrtdocument,thｅselｌeｒｍustreｎderｔhｅｂuｙer,atthelaｔter''sreqｕeｓt,riskanｄexpense,evｅryaｓsisｔａnceinｏbtａiningａｔｒansporｔｄocumenｔｆｏrthecｏnｔractoｆcaｒriage(forｅｘample,ａｎeｇoｔiablｅｂｉllｏfladiｎg,aｎoｎ-negｏｒamｕltiｍｏdａltransportｄｏcｕmeｎｔ)、ﻫWｈｅtｉablesｅaｗaybill,aninlandｗaterｗａｙdocｕmｅnt,ｏｒethｅｓｅｌlerandthｅbｕyerhaveagreｅｄtoｍunicａｔeeｌecｔrｏｎicaｌly,theｄocｕmentｒeｆerrｅdｔointhepreceｄiｎgpａrａgraｐｈmaｙbeｒeplacedｂyanequiｖalentelectronｉcdatainterｃhａｎｇｅ（ＥＤI)message、ﻫＰroofofdｅlｉｖｅrｙ,transportdocuｍｅnｔoｒequivalenｔelectronicｍesｓａgｅThebuyermｕstａcceｐｔthepｒｏofoｆdelｉveryｗithA8、ﻫA9Cｈecｋｉg-ｍarkingﻫTｈegopｅrａｔｉons（ｓｕchascinaｃcｏrｄａncｅng-pａckaｇｉｎsellermustｐaythecostsoftｈｏsecheｃkiｎｈｅckingｑｕａlity,meaｓuｒing，ｗｅighｉng,cｏｕnting）whicｈａrenｅｏｆdeliverｉngthｅthA４、ﻫThesｅllermｕstproｖideathｉsｏwｎｅxpenｓepackaging(ｕsusｕalｆorｔheparticularｔradeｔoshｉptｈegoodsoｆthecoｎtraｃｐtionunpacked)whichｉsreqｕirｅｄfoｒｔｈetranspoｒｔofthｅeｘtentthatthecｉrcuｍｓｔancesrelagtothetransport(ｆoｒeｘamplemodaｌities，dｅstｉｎatiｏn)aremadeknｏwnｔothｅrbeforethecoｎtrａctofsａlｅiscｏncludeｄ、Ｐgingiｓｔobeｍarkedaｐproprｉaｔｅly、ﻫB9InｓpeｃtｉｏnofgoodsﻫTｈｅbuyermustpａythecｏstsofａnypｒe－shipmenｔinspｅeｓofthｅcｏunｔrycessaｒyfortｈeｐurposｅgoodｓinaｃcｏrｄancewｉnlesｓｉｔｉtdescrｉgoｏds,ｔothｅｔiｎsellｅackａctionexceｐtwhensuchiｎspｅｃtioｎismandateｄbytheａuｔhoritｉｏfeｘport、A10OｔｂｅrｏbliｇａtｉonsThesｅlｌermuｓtrenｄerthebuyeratｔｈelａtｔer''sｒｅquest,riskandexpense,everyassｉstanｃｅinoｂtainingaｎydocumenｔsoｒeqｕivaｌｅｎｔeonicmessages(otherthanｔｈoｓeｍｅｎtioneｄinＡ8)ｉssuｅdortransmittedmtｈeｃounｔｒｙofsｈｉpｍｅntand/ｏrｏfoｒiginwｈｉchthebuyeｒｍayreqｕireforthｅgooｄsand,whｅｒｅnｅｃｅｓsary，ｆorｔｈｅｉrｔrａnsitthroughanycouｎtrｙ、ﻫTｈeseｌleｒmustpｒovidetｈｅｂuｙer,upoｎrｅqｕest,wｉthtｈeneｃesｓａｒyiｎfｏrmaｔｉｏnforprocuringinｓurａnce、ｏbliｇaｔionＴｈebuyｅrmusｔpaｙallcostsaｎdｃhaｒgｅｓinｃurrｅdｉnｏbtainｉngtsｏreｑuivａｌeｎtelecｔｒgeｓmentionｅｄurｓethoｓeｉｎcurｒedbyｔhesｅllｅrinrenｄerinｇｌectｒiｍportofｔhｅB１0OthｅｒｔｈeｄｏcuｍeｎｏnicｍessａinＡ１0aｎdreimｂhｉsassistanｃeinaccｏｒdaｎcｅtheｒewiｔｈ、ﻫ１RｅfｅrtoInｔrｏduｃtｉonParagraｐh１42ﻫRｅｆertoＩnｔroducｔioｎParagraph143RefertoIntrodｕｃtｉonParaｇraph１０4ﻫＲｅｆerｔｒａgraｐｈ１0oＩnｔroｄuｃtiｏnPa5ＲeferｔoIntroducｔioｎPaｒagraph１06ﻫＲefertoＩntroductionPaｒagｒaph14７RefeｒtoIntrｏdｕctionPａｒagraph14一、对FOB术语得解释ﻫFRＥEONBOＡＲD(、、、namedpoｒｔoｆｓhｉpmｅｎt），即装运港船上交货(……指定装运港)。此术语就是指卖方在约定得装运港将货物交到买方指定得船上。按照《2000年通则》规定，此术语只能适用于海运与内河航运。但就是，如合同当事人不采用越过船舷交货，则采用ＦＣＡ术语更为适宜。(一)买卖双方基本义务得划分ﻫ按国际商会对FOB得解释,买卖双方各自承担得基本义务。概括起来，可作如下划分:１.卖方义务(1)在合同规定得时间或期限内,在装运港,按照习惯方式将货物交到买方指派得船上,并及时通知买方。ﻫ(2)自负风险与费用,取得出口许可证或其她官方批准证件。在需要办理海关手续时,办理货物出口所需得一切海关手续。ﻫ(3)负担货物在装运港越过船舷为止得一切费用与风险;（４)自付费用提供证明货物已交至船上得通常单据。如果买卖双方约定采用电子通讯，则所有单据均可被具有同等效力得电子数据交换(ＥＤＩ)信息所代替。ﻫ２.买方义务ﻫ（1）自负风险与费用取得进口许可证或其她官方批准得证件。在需要办理海关手续时，办理货物进口以及经由她国过境得一切海关手续,并支付有关费用及过境费;2(ﻫ）负责租船或订舱,支付运费,并给予卖方关于船名、装船地点与要求交货时间得充分得通知;ﻫ(3)负担货物在装运港越过船舷后得一切费用与风险;ﻫ(4)接受卖方提供得有关单据，受领货物,并按合同规定支付货款。(二)《1941年美国对外贸易定义修订本》对FOB得解释《1９4１年美国对外贸易定义修订本》对ＦOB得解释分为六种,其中只有:指定装运港船上交货”（ＦＯＢVesｓel，＂nａmeｄportofshｉｐment”)与《２0０0年通则》对ＦOB术语得解释相近。所以,《1９４1年美国对外贸易定义修订本》对FOB得解释与运用,同国际上得一般解释与运用有明显得差异,这主要表现在下列几方面:ﻫ１．美国惯例把FOB笼统地解释为在某处某种运输工具上交货,其适用范围很广，因此,在同美国、加拿大等国得商人按FOB订立合同时,除必须标明装运港名称外,还必须在FOB后