东北大学考试《工商英语》考核作业参考401

东北大学继续教育学院工商英语试卷（作业考核线上2）A卷barcode,packaging,manufacturer,checkoutcounter,tilldisplay,stock,supplier,price,supermarket,specialistretailerA(checkoutcounter)isthepaydeskinaself-serviceshop.A(barcode)isapatternofthickandthinlinesthatrepresentsinformation.A(manufacturer)isfirmwhichmakesorproducesgoods.A(tilldisplay)isanelectronicscreenwhichshowsyouhowmuchtopay.A(supplier)isanagentwhoprovidesgoodsorservices.The(packaging)isusedtoprotectgoodsandtopresentanimageforthem.The(price)istheamountthegoodscost.The(stock)isallthegoodsaretailoutletkeeptoselltoitscustomers.The(specialistretailer)isashopwhichonlysellsonetypeofproduct,usuallyofhighquality.The(supermarket)isalargeself-serviceshopsellingfoodanddrinkandalsosmallhouseholditems.PartIIClozeTest(20points)Theterme-commercereferstoallcommercialtransactionsconductedovertheInternet,includingtransactionsbyconsumersandbusiness-to-businesstransactions.Conceptually,e-commercedoesnot(11C)fromwell-knowncommercialofferingssuchasbankingbyphone,"mailorder"catalogs,orsendingapurchaseordertosupplier(12B)fax.E-commercefollowsthesamemodel(13B)inotherbusinesstransactions;thedifference(14B)inthedetails.Toaconsumer,themostvisibleformofe-commerceconsists(15B)onlineordering.Acustomerbeginswithacatalogofpossibleitems,(16D)anitem,arrangesaformofpayment,and(17A)anorder.Insteadofaphysicalcatalog,e-commercearrangesforcatalogstobe(18A)ontheInternet.Insteadofsendinganorderonpaperorbytelephone,e-commercearrangesfororderstobesent(19D)acomputernetwork.Finally,insteadofsendingapaperrepresentationofpaymentsuchasacheck,e-commerce(20B)onetosendpaymentinformationelectronically.Inthedecade(21A)1993,e-commercegrewfroman(22D)novelty(新奇事物)toamainstreambusinessinfluence.In1993,few(23C)hadawebpage,and(24D)ahandfulallowedonetoorderproductsorservicesonline.Tenyears(25B),bothlargeandsmallbusinesseshadwebpages,andmost(26D)userswiththeopportunitytoplaceanorder.(27D),manybanksaddedonlineaccess,(28A)onlinebankingandbillpayingbecame(29C).Moreimportantly,thevalueofgoodsandservices(30A)overtheInternetgrewdramaticallyafter1997.11.A)distract B)differ C)descend D)derive12.A)via B)off C)from D)with13.A)resorted B)resorted C)served D)appeared14.A)situates B)lies C)locates D)roots15.A)on B)for C)to D)of16.A)reflects B)protects C)detects D)selects17.A)putsout B)standsfor C)sendsin D)carriesaway18.A)feasible B)sensible C)responsible D)visible19.A)beside B)beyond C)over D)up20.A)appeals B)allows C)advocates D)admits21.A)toward B)until C)after D)behind22.A)insignificant B)optional C)invalid D)occasional23.A)communities B)compounds C)corps D)corporations24.A)largely B)solely C)only D)slightly25.A)latter B)lately C)later D)late26.A)provided B)offered C)convinced D)equipped27.A)Instead B)However C)Nevertheless D)Besides28.A)or B)though C)but D)and29.A)widespread B)different C)flexible D)productive30.A)proceeded B)adapted C)practiced D)acquiredPartIIIPleasegivethedefinitionoffollowingwordsorphrases.(30points)RetailingRetailingistheprocessofsellingconsumergoodsorservicestocustomersthroughmultiple

channelsofdistributiontoearnaprofit.CorporateGroupAcorporategrouporgroupofcompaniesisacollectionofparentandsubsidiarycorporationsthat

functionasasingleeconomicentitythroughacommonsourceofcontrol.FranchisingFranchisingisbasedonamarketingconceptwhichcanbeadoptedbyanorganizationasastrategyforbusinessexpansion.Whereimplemented,aFranciscalicensesitsknow-how,procedures,intellectualproperty,useofitsbusinessmodel,brand,andrightstosellitsbrandedproductsandservicestoafranchisee.Inreturnthefranchiseepayscertainfeesandagreestocomplywithcertainobligations,typicallysetoutinaFranchiseAgreement.AnnualReportAnannualreportisacomprehensivereportonacompany'sactivitiesthroughouttheprecedingyear.Annualreportsareintendedtogiveshareholdersandotherinterestedpeopleinformationaboutthecompany'sactivitiesandfinancialperformance.Mostjurisdictionsrequirecompaniestoprepareanddiscloseannualreports,andmanyrequiretheannualreporttobefiledatthecompany'sregistry.Companieslistedonastockexchangearealsorequiredtoreportatmorefrequentintervals(dependingupontherulesofthestockexchangeinvolved).MarketingMarketingisthestudyandmanagementofexchangerelationships.Marketingisthebusinessprocessofcreatingrelationshipswithandsatisfyingcustomers.Withitsfocusonthecustomer,marketingisoneofthepremiercomponentsofbusinessmanagement.TakeoverInbusiness,atakeoveristhepurchaseofonecompany(thetarget)byanother(theacquirer,orbidder).IntheUK,thetermreferstotheacquisitionofapubliccompanywhosesharesarelistedonastockexchange,incontrasttotheacquisitionofaprivatecompany.Managementofthetargetcompanymayormaynotagreewithaproposedtakeover,andthishasresultedinthefollowingtakeoverclassifications:friendly,hostile,reverseorback-flip.Financingatakeoverofteninvolvesloansorbondissueswhichmayincludejunkbondsaswellassimplecashoffers.Itcanalsoincludesharesinthenewcompany.ImportAnimportisagoodbroughtintoajurisdiction,especiallyacrossanationalborder,fromanexternalsource.Thepartybringinginthegoodiscalledanimporter.Animportinthereceivingcountryisanexportfromthesendingcountry.Importationandexportationarethedefiningfinancialtransactionsofinternationaltrade.TheStockMarketAstockmarket,equitymarketorsharemarketistheaggregationofbuyersandsellers(a

loosenetworkofeconomictransactions,notaphysicalfacilityordiscreteentity)ofstocks(also

calledshares),whichrepresentownershipclaimsonbusinesses;thesemayincludesecurities

listedonapublicstockexchange,aswellasstockthatisonlytradedprivately.Examplesofthe

latterincludesharesofprivatecompanieswhicharesoldtoinvestorsthroughequity

crowd-fundingplatforms.Stockexchangeslistsharesofcommonequityaswellasother

securitytypes,.corporatebondsandconvertiblebonds.ExportAnexportininternationaltradeisagoodorserviceproducedinonecountrythatisboughtbysomeoneinanothercountry.Thesellerofsuchgoodsandservicesisanexporter;theforeignbuyerisanimporter.Exportofgoodsoftenrequiresinvolvementofcustomsauthorities.Anexport'sreversecounterpartisanimport.RecruitmentRecruitmentreferstotheoverallprocessofattracting,shortlisting,selectingandappointingsuitablecandidatesforjobs(eitherpermanentortemporary)withinanorganization.Recruitmentcanalsorefertoprocessesinvolvedinchoosingindividualsforunpaidroles.Managers,humanresourcegeneralistsandrecruitmentspecialistsmaybetaskedwithcarryingoutrecruitment,butinsomecasespublic-sectoremploymentagencies,commercialrecruitmentagencies,orspecialistsearchconsultanciesareusedtoundertakepartsoftheprocess.Internet-basedtechnologieswhichsupportallaspectsofrecruitmenthavebecomewidespread.PartIVPutthefollowingpassagesintoChinese(20points)Governmentscancontrolinternationaltrade.Themostcommonmeasuresaretariffsandquotas.Atariffisataxonimportedgoods,andaquotaisthemaximumquantityofaproductallowedintoacountryduringacertainperiodoftime.政府可以控制国际贸易。最常见的手段是关税和配额。关税是对于进口商品征收的，配额是一定时期内一个国家允许进口产品的最高限量。Coca-Cola'sadvertisinghasalwaysattemptedtoreflectchangingcontemporarylifestyles.Creatinganinternationaladvertisingcampaignrequiresthetalentsofprofessionalsinmanyareas,andextensivetestingandresearcharealwaysdonebeforedecidingwhichadvertisementswillfinallybeused.可口可乐的广告设法反映当代日新月异的生活方式。进行国际广告策划需要许多领域的Allcompaniestrytogainthebiggestmarketsharepossible，andcompeteaggressivelywiththeirmaincompetitorstodothis.Companieswiththebiggestmarketshareforaproduct,themarketleaders,maycompetewiththeirrivalsonquality,image,brandloyaltyorprice.所有公司都试图获得最大的市场份额，并与主要竞争对手进行激烈竞争以实现这一目标。产品市场份额最大的公司，市场领导者可能会在质量，形象，品牌忠诚度或价格上与竞争对手竞争。Whenaninvestorbuysashare,usingtheservicesofaspecialistcompanyorbroker,heorshebecomesashareholderandownsapartof(orhasastakein)acompany.Shareholderscanmakemoneybyreceivingdividends,paidasaproportionofacompany'sannualprofits,andwhenthevalueoftheirsharesincreases.当投资者使用PartVWriting(20points)Youhaveappliedtoasoftdrinkscompanywhowantstorecruitsomeenergetic,youthfulpeopletoitsmarketingdepartment.Youarevery