广东省佛山市高三下学期英语5月仿真题试卷含答案解析

高三下学期英语

5

月仿真题试卷一、阅读理解(共

15

小题；每题

2.

5

分，总分值

37.

5

分)1.阅读理解Everyyearacommunityinsomepartoftheworldisdestroyedbyflooding.Indeed,floodingcanhappenanywhereitrains.Thereishope,however.Architectsandcivilengineershavedevelopedpromisingtechnologiesforfloodcontrol.Andyes,engineeringcanbe

beautiful.TheThamesBarrierin

EnglandTheThamesBarrieristhesecondlargestflooddefencebarrierintheworld.Madeofsteel,watergatesontheThamesBarrierarenormallyleftopensoshipscanpassthrough.Then,asneeded,thewatergatesshuttostopwaterflowingthroughandtokeeptheThamesRiversafe.TheThamesBarrierhas10steelgates.Themaingatesstandashighasa5-storeybuilding.Eachmaingateweighs3,300tonnes.TheThamesBarriergateswereconstructedbetween1974and1984andhavebeenclosedtopreventfloodsmorethan100

times.RedSluiceGatein

JapanToprotectareasonthecoastandalongJapan'srapidly-flowingrivers,thenation'sengineers

havedevelopedacomplexsystemofcanalsandflood-gatelocks(水闸).RedSluiceGatewasdesignedin1924byaJapanesearchitectwhoalsoworkedonthePanamaCanal.Itispoweredbyautomated"water-drive"motors.Suchmotorsdon'tneedelectricitytorun,sotheyaren'taffectedbypowerfailuresthatcanoccurduringstorms.Itcontributedgreatlytopreventingfloodsuntil1982whenanewsluicegatewascompleted.TheRedSluiceGatewasnolongerusedbutremainsanimpressive

sight.TheHagesteinWeirinthe

NetherlandsCompletedinabout1960,theHagesteinWeirisoneofthreemovabledams,alongtheRhineRiverintheNetherlands.TheHagesteinWeirhastwoenormousarchedgatestocontrolwaterandgenerate

power.Spanning54meters,thegatesarestoredintheupposition.DamsandwaterbarrierslikeHagesteinWeirhavebecomemodelsforwatercontrolengineersaroundthe

world.MOSEin

VeniceWithitsfamouscanals,Venice,Italyisawell-knownwaterycity.Globalwarmingthreatensitsveryexistence.Sincethe1980s,officialshavebeenpouringmoneyintotheMOSEproject,aseriesof78barriersthatcanrisecollectivelyorindependentlyacrossthelagoonopeningandcurtailtherisingwatersoftheAdriatic

Sea.〔1〕What

dowe

know

about

the

Thames

Barrier?A.ItisthelargestwaterbarrierintheworldB.Itswatergatesareopenatanormaltime.C.Ittookmorethan10yearsto

construct.D.Itstenwatergatesweigh3,300

tonnes.〔2〕What

is

aspecial

feature

of

Red

Sluice

Gatein

Japan?A.Itisstillin

operation.Itstillworkswithpower

cut.Itisthemostimpressive

sight.ItwasdesignedbyanarchitectfromPanama.〔3〕What

isthe

common

function

of

the

4

constructions?A.Toproduce

electricity.Toadvance

technology.Topromote

tourism.Tocontrol

flood.2.阅读理解Norwood,ajuniorHighSchoolstudent,wasdrivingthreefriendshomeinSt.Petersburg,when

anotherdrivercrashedintoherfromherleftandmadehercarhitthetree.Theimpactjammedshutthedriver'ssidedoor,soNorwoodclimbedoutthefrontwindow.Twoofherfriendsmanagedtogetoutofthecarunharmed,buther16-year-oldfriendZarriadidn't.SherunbacktothecaronlytofindZarriawasjustsitting

therereactionless.Alotofpeoplestartedtogatheraroundtoseewhatwashappening.Norwoodstartedyelling,"Backup,backup,sheneedsspace."NorwoodpulledZarriaoutofthebackseat,avoidingbrokenglassfromthewindow."That'swhenIcheckedherpulseonherneck.Iputmyheadagainstherchest,andIdidn'treallyhearnothing.Sothat'swhenIjuststarteddoingCPRonher."Norwoodtoldthereporter.Afterthe30compressionsandtworescuebreaths,Zarriaregainedconsciousness.Ambulancequicklyarrivedandrushedhertothehospitaltoreceivemedical

help.WhenMiller,Norwood'shighschoolteacher,learnedthatNorwoodsavedafriendjustonedayaftercompletingCPRtraining,shewasatalossofwordsandsoproud.Norwoodparticipatesintheschool'sAthleticLifestyleManagementAcademy(ALMA).Theprogrampreparesstudentsforvariouscareersinhealthscience."Wedovitalsignsandtheylearnhowtotakebloodpressureandcheckpulse."Millerintroduced.AndanotheroneoftheskillslearnedisCPR."Therearetwocomponents,ahands-onskillscomponentwheretheyhavetodemonstratethatthey'reabletodoCPRwell,andthenthere'sawrittentestcomponent,showingthattheyrememberthatknowledge."ThankstoNorwood'squickthinking,Zarriaisrecoveringwell.Shealsoisn'tsurprisedbyherfriend'sactions."Shewillalwayshelpanywayshecan,soIwasn'treallyshockedaboutthat."〔1〕What

happened

toNorwood

and

herfriends

ontheir

wayhome?Theylosttheirway.Theysufferedacar

accident.Theycrashedintoanother

car.Theywerestuckinatraffic

jam.〔2〕What

did

Norwood

do

firstwhen

finding

Zarriareactionless?A.Togiveherfirst

aid.Toaskpeoplefor

help.Tocallambulanceatonce.Tosendhertohospital

immediately.〔3〕Whatcan

weinfer

about

the

ALMA?A.Itnormallylastsforone

day.Itisformedicalstudentsonly.Itfocusesonboththeoryand

practice.Ittrainsstudentstoliveahealthy

lifestyle.〔4〕Whichof

the

followingcanbestdescribe

Norwood?A.Considerateand

flexible.B.Kindandambitious.C.Hardworkingand

clever.D.Braveand

calm.3.阅读理解Masksthathelpedsavelivesduringthecoronaviruspandemicareprovingadeadlythreatfor

wildlife.Macaques

(猕猴)

have

beenspotted

chewing

the

strapsoff

old

and

tossed-aside

masksinthe

hills

outsideMalaysia'scapitalKualaLumpur—apotentialchokingthreatforthediminutivemonkeys.Andinanincidentthatcaptured

headlines

in

Britain,

a

gull

(海鸥)

wasrescued

bythe

RSPCA

in

the

city

of

Chelmsford

after

its

legsbecame

tangled

(缠绕)

in

the

strapsofadisposable(一次性的)mask

for

up

to

a

week.

Theanimal

welfarecharitywasalertedafterthebirdwasspotted,motionlessbutstillalive,andtheytookittoawildlifehospitalfortreatmentbeforeits

release.The

biggest

impact

maybe

in

thewater,with

green

groupsalarmed

at

the

flood

of

used

masks,

latex(乳胶)glovesandotherprotectivegearfindingtheirwayintoalreadypollutedseasandrivers.ConservationistsinBrazilfoundoneinsidethestomachofapenguinafteritsbodywasheduponabeach,whileadeadpufferfishwasdiscoveredcaughtinsideanotheroffthecoastof

Miami.FrenchcampaignersOperationMerProprefoundadeadcrabtrappedinamaskinasaltwaterlagoonneartheMediterraneanin

September.Masksandglovesare"particularlyproblematic"forseacreatures,saysGeorgeLeonard,chiefscientist

fromUS-basedNGOOceanConservancy."Whenthoseplasticsbreakdownintheenvironment,theyformsmallerandsmallerparticles.Thoseparticlesthenenterthefoodchainandimpactentireecosystems,"he

added.Therehasbeenashifttowardsgreateruseofreusableclothmasks,butmanyarestillchoosingthelightersingle-usevarieties.Campaignershaveurgedpeopletothrowthemawayproperlyandcutthestrapstoreducetheriskofanimalsbecomingtrapped.OceansAsiahasalsocalledongovernmentstoincreasefinesforlitteringandencouragetheuseofwashable

masks.〔1〕Whatisparagraph2mainlyabout?A.Seriousincidentsofwildlifehunting.B.Scientificresearchintowildlifelivinghabits.C.Howwildlifeisaffectedbydisposable

masks.D.Howhumanbeingsprotectendangered

wildlife.〔2〕How

do

masks

endangersea

animals?A.Seaanimalsmaygettwistedby

masks.Seaanimalscan'tfindtheirway

home.Seaanimalshavedifficultiesinfinding

food.Seaanimalsareforcedtoleavetheir

habitats.〔3〕Whatissuggestedin

thelast

paragraph?A.Puttingbansonsingle-use

masks.B.Gettingridofusedmasksproperly.C.Givingmaskproducersheavyfines.D.Reducingtheriskofwashable

masks.〔4〕Whichsectionsof

the

newspaper

can

thispassagebe

found?A.Business.B.Education.C.Lifestyle.D.Environment.4.阅读理解In1973,MarkGranovetter,asociologyprofessoratStanfordUniversity,publishedapaperentitledTheStrengthofWeakTies.Itwentontobecomeoneofthemostinfluentialsociologypapersofalltime.Untilthenscholarshadassumedthatanindividual'swell-beingdependedmainlyonthequalityofrelationshipswithclosefriendsandfamily.Granovettershowedthatquantitymatters,too.Hecategoriesaperson'ssocialworldas"strongties"and"weakties".Hiscentralinsightwasthatfornewmessagesandideas,weaktiesare

moreimportanttousthanstrongones.AsGranovetterpointedout,thepeoplewhomweoftentalktoswimin

thesamepoolofinformationaswedo.Wedependonacquaintanceswhomweseeinfrequentlytobringusnews

ofopportunities.ThiswastheideabehindthePixarbuilding,thedesignofwhichwasmadebySteveJobs.Thebuildinghasalargecentralhallthroughwhichallemployeeshavetopassseveraltimesaday.Jobswantedcolleaguestorunintoeachother,grabcoffeeandhaveachat.Hebelievedinthepoweroftheseseeminglyrandomconversationstofireup

creativity.Encounterswithweaktiescanbegoodforourmentalwellbeing,too.GillianSandstrom,aseniorlecturerinpsychologyattheUniversityofEssex,investigatedtheextenttowhichpeoplegethappinessfrom

weak-tierelationships.Shefoundthatondayswhenaparticipanthadagreaternumberofcasualinteractionswithweakties–say,aneighbour,amemberofyogaclass–theyexperiencedmorehappinessandagreatersenseofbelonging.Forallthesereasons,weshouldcontinuetotryandfindwaystocultivateweak-tie

relationships.Sandstromaddsthatwecanalsoengageinmoreweak-tie-styleinteractionswithourstrongties.Thegoalistoletothersknowyouarethinkingofthemwithoutaskingforagreatdealoftime,energyor

attention.〔1〕Whydoes

Granovetter

think

weaktiesaremoreimportant?A.Theyaresmallerinnumber.Theyformsamecircleof

friends.Theyaresourcesofnew

information.Theyarerelatedtoclosefriendsand

family.〔2〕Whichof

the

followingcanbecategorized

as

weakties?A.Neighbors.B.Best

friends.C.Parents.D.Husbandor

wife.〔3〕What

isthe

function

of

the

centralhall

in

Pixar

building?A.Ithelpsstaffbuild

friendship.Itallowsstafftohavea

break.Itencouragesstafftomeetand

chat.IthelpsJobscommunicatewith

staff.〔4〕What

does

Sandstrom

want

toconveyin

the

last

paragraph?A.Wecandevelopweaktiesintostrong

ties.Weshouldspendmoretimewithstrong

ties.Weshouldbalanceweaktieswithstrong

ties.Wecanapplycasualinteractionstostrong

ties.二、任务型阅读(共

5

小题；每题

2.5

分，总分值

12.5

分)5.根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最正确选。有两项为多余选。I'm

terrible

at

giving

myself

grace.

I'm

a

perfectionist,

and

I

have

unrealistic

expectations

for

myself

at

times.IcanremembersimpleerrorsImade.Sooften,weletperfectiondominateourliveswithoutevenrealizing

it.

AndIhopeyou'llconsiderdoingthat,too.Realizethatbeingburntoutdoesn'tmeanthatyou'renotgoodatwhatyoudo.Iwanttodomybestineverything.Thetroublestartswhenwe

overwork

ourselves.

That's

OK.Takingabreak.Mostofall,Ihopeyouprioritizeyourmentalhealth.Takecareofyourself.Begentlewithyourself.Nooneisaskingyoutobeperfect.We'reallmessyhumanswithstrengthsandweaknesses.Embraceyours,evenwhenitisn'tperfect.Whenyoumakemistakes,takeresponsibilityandlearnfromthem.Rememberthatthisisn'tthefirstorthelastmistakethatyou'vemade.Giveintograce.Somethingmightbeahugeissueforme,otherpeopleprobablywon'tnoticeor

care.Writeitonyourheartthatwhateveryoudotodayisenough.Itiseasytoemphasizewhatwe'veyetto

doinsteadofwhatwe'vealreadydone.Yes,thereisalwaysroomforgrowth

and

improvement.

Maybeyoumadeyourbed.Maybeyoumadeittoworkontime.Thosethingsmightnotseembig,butthey'restillvictories.

Ifyoumesseduptoday,youcantryagaintomorrow.Ifyousucceededtoday,youcantryagaintomorrow.Youhavetokeepmovingonintotherestofyourstoryoryou'llmissthetraintobiggerthingsthanthis.Startinyourworryoryourfearoryourjoy.Startwhereveryouareandkeepgoing.Startwith

grace.Yourstoryisn'tfinishedjust

yet.Thatismeantmuchofourstruggleis

internal.ThenI'verealizedIneedalittlebitmore

rest.Youaresupposedtoaimhighandworkfor

it.Butthereisroomtocelebratethelittle

victories.I'vedecidedtochangethatandgivemyselfgrace.Rememberthatyoucanbeperfectthroughyourefforts.三、完形填空

〔共

15

小题；每题

1

分，总分值

15

分〕6.阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项〔A、B、C

和

D〕中，选出可以填入空白处的最正确选。Aftergettingmarried,Imovedtoanabsolutely

new

town.

1 asIwastobeinanewcity,

withvariousnewthingstoexplore,Iwasstilllonely.Iwasdesperatetomakefriends

and

establish

2 .Thiscouldexplainmyenthusiastic"Countme

in!"

when

3 toparticipateinahalf

marathon.Reflectingonmyusual3miles,Imust

have

been

4 —ahalfmarathon,13milesseemeda(n)5 task.Aftertheinitialshockworeoff,Ifoundcomfortinburying

myself

in 6 .Itookitslow,one

mile,andthentwo,three,fourandfivemiles.SevenstraightmilesfeltliketoclimbEverestinmyeyes,andsoonIbecameused

tothat

7 .Mileaftermile,Imanagedtostepbesidemyrunningpartners.Wetalkedaboutourfavorite

music

and

8 funnystoriesaboutourchildren.Ataboutmile10,

the

conversations

9 .We

sharedourpastandhopesforourfuture,ourfearsanddisappointments.Bythetimewewererunning12-milelegs,Iknowthat

I'd

made 10 friends. 11 ,thedayoftheracearrived.Atthestartline,armedwithmyfriends,Ialreadyfeltlikeachampion.Mytime

traininghad

12 .Imanagedtoholdasteadypaceandkeptupwith

my

13 .Legsshakingandkneesbuckling,wecrossedthefinishline

together.Ihaveparticipatedinmultipleracessince.Althoughrunningstarted

asa 14 ofbuilding

socialties,itnotonlyprovidedmewithfriendships,butwithaskillthatwouldbenefitmetherestofmylife.Thoughthefirstpairofshoesislongforgotten,runningwill

neverbe

15 .1.A.

RelaxedB.

ExcitedC.

EmbarrassedD.

Confused2.A.

reputationB.

identityC.

connectionsD.

routines3.A.

allowedB.

askedC.

remindedD.

required4.A.

gratefulB.

confidentC.

awkwardD.

crazy5.A.

impossibleB.

urgentC.

rewardingD.

pleasant6.A.

socializingB.

studyingC.

trainingD.

sharing7.A.

highB.

climateC.

viewD.

race8.A.listened

toB.made

upC.

spreadD.

exchanged9.A.

stoppedB.

deepenedC.

returnedD.

concluded10.A.

newB.

moreC.

lifelongD.

demanding11.A.

UnfortunatelyB.

ObviouslyC.

NaturallyD.

Finally12.A.

failedB.

continuedC.paid

offD.caught

on13.A.

companionsB.

opponentsC.

coachesD.

judges14.A.

seriesB.

meansC.habitD.

tradition15.A.

chosenB.

forbiddenC.

spreadD.

replaced四、语法填空〔共

10

小题；每题

1.5

分，总分

15

分〕7.阅读下面材料，在空白处填入

1

个适当的单词，或括号内单词的正确形式。PaulGrishamreturnedhomefromhis13-monthassignmentinAntarctica

in1968,

hiswalletdidn't.Grisham,91,joinedtheNavyin1948asaweathertechnicianbeforebeingshippedtothefrozencontinent

(work)asa

meteorologist.Afterfivedecades,Grishamwasreunitedwithhiswallet—whichheforgotallabout.Inside

thewallet

(be)Grisham'snavyID,drivinglicense,arecipe,ataxwithholdingstatement,andreceiptsformoneyorderssenttohiswife.Hewas

surprised

by

younghelookedathisoldIDcardthatwasputinside."It

brought

back

(memory).Ohyeah,Ihaddarkbrownhairatthattime,"the

91-year-oldsaid

a

laugh.Therecovered

wallet

(find)byStephen.Stephensawthewalletinashopandboughtit.WiththehelpofMcKee'sorganization,

he

saw

onlineposttohelpfind

theowner.

(lucky),Grishamandhiswalletweretogetheragain.GrishamsaidthathistimeinAntarctica

was

"

(usual)andmemorable."Thetemperatureinthewintermonthswoulddropaslowas-65

degrees.五、写作

〔共两节，总分值

40

分〕假设你是李华，你校留学生

Jack

方案回国，他想给妈妈送一份有中国特色的礼物，请给他一封邮件，向他推荐礼物，内容包括：1〕推荐的礼物；2〕推荐原因；3〕表达祝愿。注意：1〕写作词数应为

80

左右；2〕请在答题卡的相应位置作答。阅读下面材料,

根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,

使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150

左右。Ifyouaskmewhetheryoushouldsayyestowalkyourneighbor'sdog,myanswerwouldbeadefinite"Yes",

aslongyoudoonethingIdidn'tdowhenIhelpedoutwithmyneighbor'sdog.Here'swhatImeant.Youdon'tneedtoaskyourneighborlotsofquestionsaboutthatparticulardog,butjustbepatienttoaskoneveryimportantquestion.Hereis

why.Mrs.GonzalesandheradorabledogRascal,liveattheendofmystreet.MyfriendOllieandIhaveplayedwithRascalsincehewasapuppy,sowhenMrs.Gonzalesaskedifwe'dliketotakehimtotheparkonceinawhile,wecan'twaittosays,"Whencanwestart?""HowaboutthisSaturdayat3:00?"she

suggested.WhenSaturdayrolledaround,OllieandIweretheretopickupRascalat3:00ontime."Rascalwillbeso

happytoplayintheparkwithyou!"Mrs.Gonzalessaid."IfI'mstilloutgroceryshoppingwhenyoureturn,justletyourselvesinwiththissparekey.I'llbehomealittlewhile

later.""Also,whydoyouthinkInamedhimRascal?Ifthere'strouble,suchaspuddles,thisguyisguaranteedtofind

it.Andalsothecommandsthatyoushould"WhenwerealizedthatMrs.Gonzaleshadlotsof"alsos",weinterruptedherandranawayintheblinkofan

eye.Notlongafterwearrivedatthepark,Rascalfoundagiantpuddleandjumpedintoitandrolledarounduntileverysquareinchofhisfurrybodywasdrippingwithmud."Ugh!sillypuppy,you'rethemuddiestdogintheuniverses!"Isaid.Olliesaidweshouldtakehimbackhomesohecangetwashedup.ButwhenwegottoMrs.Gonzales'shouse,shedidn'tanswerthedoorbell."Shemuststillbeoutgroceryshopping,"Isaid."Howaboutweusethegardentubetocleanhim?"Olliesuggested."Goodidea!"I

said,puttingMrs.Gonzales'skeyintothelock."I'llgoinsideandgetatoweltodryhimoff."Paragraph

1:ButthesecondIopenedthedoor,Rascalracedinsidethehouse.Paragraph

2:Mrs.Gonzalescameinwithher

groceries.答案解析局部一、阅读理解(共

15

小题；每题

2.

5

分，总分值

37.

5

分)【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了几种控制洪水的工程。【点评】此题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇科技类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。1.(1)考查细节理解。根据

The

Thames

Barrier

in

England

局部中的“Made

of

steel,

water

gates

onthe

ThamesBarrierare

normally

left

open

so

shipscan

pass

through.

〞泰晤士河堰的水闸是钢制的，通常是敞开的，以便船只通过。可知

Thames

Barrier

的水闸是开着的。应选B。1.(2)考查细节理解。根据

Red

SluiceGate

in

Japan

局部中的“Such

motorsdon't

need

electricity

to

run,

so

theyaren'taffectedby

powerfailures

thatcanoccur

duringstorms.

〞这种发动机不需要电力就能运行，所以它们不会受到风暴期间可能发生的电力故障的影响。可知，Red

Sluice

Gate

即使停电也能工作。应选

B。1.(3)考查推理判断。根据第一段“Everyyear

a

community

in

some

part

of

theworld

is

destroyed

by

flooding.Indeed,floodingcanhappenanywhereitrains.Thereishope,however.Architectsandcivilengineershavedeveloped

promisingtechnologies

for

flood

control.

And

yes,

engineering

can

be

beautiful.

〞每年世界上都会有一个社区被洪水摧毁。事实上，任何下雨的地方都可能发生洪水。然而，希望还是有的。建筑师和土木工程师已经开发出了很有前途的防洪技术。是的，工程也可以很美。可知，下文四种建筑物都是关于控制洪水的。应选

D。【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了高中生诺伍德载着三个朋友回家，发生了车祸，她和另两个朋友毫发无损，而扎里娅由于撞击晕了过去，诺伍德用运动生活方式管理学院刚刚学到的知识对扎里娅进行了急救，救护车很快赶到，扎里娅立即被送往医院。之后扎里娅向诺伍德表达了她真诚的感谢之情。【点评】此题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。2.(1)考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“Norwood,

a

junior

High

School

student,was

driving

threefriendshomeinSt.

Petersburg,when

another

driver

crashed

into

her

from

her

leftand

madeher

car

hitthetree.

〞诺伍德是一名高中生，在圣彼得堡开车送三个朋友回家时，另一名司机从她的左侧撞上了她，使她的车撞到了树上。可知，诺伍德和她的朋友在回家的路上，她们出了车祸。应选

B。2.(2)考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“‘So

that'swhen

I

just

started

doingCPRon

her.

’

Norwood

told

thereporter.After

the30compressionsandtwo

rescue

breaths,

Zarria

regained

consciousness.〞诺伍德告诉记者：“所以我才开始给她做心肺复苏术。〞。经过

30

次按压和两次抢救性呼吸后，扎里亚恢复了意识。可知，当扎里亚没有反响〔失去意识〕时，她对扎里娅进行了急救，然后扎里亚恢复了意识。应选

A。2.(3)考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“There

aretwo

components,

a

hands-on

skillscomponentwheretheyhavetodemonstratethatthey'reabletodoCPRwell,andthenthere'sawrittentestcomponent,showingthatthey

remember

that

knowledge.

〞有两个局部，一个是实践技能局部，他们必须证明自己能够做好心肺复苏术，还有一个是笔试局部，说明他们记住了这些知识。可知，ALMA

工程由实践技能局部和笔试局部组成，可得出

ALMA

理论与实践并重。应选

C。2.(4)考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“‘So

that'swhen

I

just

started

doingCPR

onher.

’

Norwood

told

thereporter.After

the30compressionsandtwo

rescue

breaths,

Zarria

regained

consciousness.

〞诺伍德告诉记者：“所以我才开始给她做心肺复苏术。〞。经过

30

次按压和两次抢救性呼吸后，扎里亚恢复了意识；以及最后一段中的“Thanksto

Norwood'squick

thinking,

Zarriais

recovering

well.〞多亏诺伍德思维敏捷，扎里娅恢复得很好。可知，当扎里亚没有反响〔失去意识〕时，诺伍德思维敏捷，没有慌张，作为学生的她对扎里娅进行了急救，说明她很冷静、勇敢。应选

D。【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了在新冠肺炎大流行时期帮助人们挽救生命的口罩对野生动物来说有致命的威胁。【点评】此题考点涉及推理判断和段落大意两个题型的考查，是一篇环保类阅读，考生需要根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了

1973

年，斯坦福大学社会学教授

Mark

Granovetter

发表了一篇名为?弱关系的强度?的论文。它后来成为有史以来最具影响力的社会学论文之一。在此之前，学者们一直认为，个人的幸福主要取决于与亲密朋友和家人的关系质量。格兰诺维特指出，数量也很重要。【点评】此题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。4.(1)考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“His

central

insight

was

that

for

new

messages

andideas,weaktiesaremoreimportantto

us

thanstrong

ones.

〞他的核心观点是，对于新的信息和思想，弱关系比强关系对我们更重要；以及“We

depend

on

acquaintances

whom

wesee

infrequentlytobringus

newsof

opportunities.

〞我们依靠不常见面的熟人给我们带来机遇的消息。可知，格兰诺维特认为对于新的信息和思想，弱关系比强关系对我们更重要，他举例经常交谈的人同在一个信息池中，而不常见面的熟人才会给我们带来机遇的消息。应选

C。4.(2)考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“She

found

thaton

dayswhen

a

participant

had

a

greater

numberofcasualinteractionswithweakties–say,aneighbour,amemberofyogaclass–theyexperiencedmorehappinessanda

greater

sense

of

belonging.

〞当参与者与弱关系比方邻居、瑜伽班的成员有更多的随意互动时，他们会体验到更多的快乐和更强的归属感。可知，邻居属于弱关系。应选

A。4.(3)考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“The

buildinghasa

large

central

hall

through

which

all

employees

havetopassseveraltimes

aday.

Jobswanted

colleagues

to

runintoeach

other,

grab

coffee

and

have

a

chat.〞大楼有一个很大的中央大厅，所有员工每天都要经过几次。乔布斯希望同事们能偶遇，

喝杯咖啡，聊聊天。可知，中央大厅的功能就是供人们相见、喝咖啡和聊天。应选

C。4.(4)考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“For

all

these

reasons,

we

should

continueto

try

andfind

ways

tocultivateweak-tierelationships.Sandstromaddsthatwecanalsoe