国际贸易实务双语教程（第三版）课后答案

本文格式为Word版，下载可任意编辑——国际贸易实务双语教程（第三版）课后答案Unit1AbriefintroductiontointernationaltradeKey

I.Answermyquestions

1.Internationaltradeisbusinesswhoseactivitiesinvolvethecrossingofnationalborders.Itincludesnotonlyinternationaltradeandforeignmanufacturingbutalsoencompassesthegrowingservicesindustryinareassuchastransportation,tourism,banking,advertising,construction,retailing,wholesaling,andmasscommunications.Itincludesallbusinesstransactionsthatinvolvetwoormorecountries.Suchbusinessrelationshipmaybeprivateorgovernmental.

2.Salesexpansion,resourceacquisitionanddiversificationofsalesandsupplies.3.Togainprofit.

4.Toseejoutforeignmarketsandprocurement.

5.Therearefourmajorformswhicharethefollowing:

MerchandiseexportsandImports,ServiceExportsandImports,InvestmentandMultinationalEnterprise.

6.Itistheaccountwhichisasummarystatementoftheflowofallinternationaleconomicandfinancialtransactionsbetweenonenation(eg.theUnitedStates)andtherestoftheworldoversomeperiodoftime,usuallyoneyear.

7.MerchandiseExportingandImporting.

8.Yes.Therearegreatdifferencesbetweenthem.

1)directinvestmenttakesplacewhencontrolfollowstheinvestment.Itusuallymeanshighcommitmentofcapital,personnel,andtechnologyabroad.Itaimsatgainingofforeignresourcesandforeignmarkets.Directinvestmentmayoftengethigherforeignsalesthanexporting.Andsometimesitinvolvestwoormoreparties.

2)Whileportfolioinvestmentsarenotundercontrol.Andtheyareusedprimarilyforfinancialpurposes.Treasuresofcompanies,forexample,routinelymorefundsfromonecountrytoanothertogetahigheryieldonshortterminvestments.

9.MNEistheabbreviationofthemultinationalenterprise.ItssynonymsareNNC(themultinationalcorporation)andTNC(transnationalcorporation).

10.Examplesaretravel,transport,fee,royalties,dividendsandinterest.

11.Thechoiceofformsisinfluencedbytheobjectivebeingpursuedandtheenvironmentsinwhichthecompanymustoperate.

12.Itislimitedbythenumberofpeopleinterestedinafirm’sproductsandservicesandbycustomers’capacitytomakepurchase.

13.Thisisbecauseatanearlystageofinternationalinvolvementtheseoperationsusuallytaketheleastcommitmentandleastriskofafirm’sresources.

14.Royaltiesmeansthepaymentforuseofassetsfromabroad,suchasfortrademarkspatens,copyrights,orotherexpertiseundercontractknownaslicencingagreements.Royaltiesarealsopaidfranchising.

15.Itisawayofdoingbusinessinwhichoneparty(thefranchiser)theuseofatrademarkthatisanessentialassetforthefranchisers’business.

IIMatcheachoneontheleftwithitscorrectmeaningontheright1.J2.A3.E4.B5.C6.D7.I8.G9.F10.H

IIITranslatethefollowingtermsandphrasesintoChinese1购买力11经济复苏；恢复

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2潜在销售量12经济衰退3加价，涨价13间接投资4国内市场14有形货物5制成品15有形进出口

6边际利润16收入及支出；岁入及岁出7市场占有率17超额能力

8贸易歧视18贸易中间人（商）；经纪人9时机选择19全部包建的工程承包方式10经销周期20许可证协定

IVCaseStudy1[Answer]：

Batteriescalled\elephant\exportedfromChinawereverypopularinSoutheastAsia,because\marketofEuropeandtheUnitedStates.Thebossofthecompanywasverystrangethatthequalityofthebatteryorthepriceofreasons,soheaskedhisstafftoinvestigate.Finallyhefoundthatisthebrand\whichmeantsomethingwerenousebutcumbersomeinWesterncountries.Itwasreallyabadtranslationfromcultureinformationperspective.Themeaningderivedfromalegend.Accordingtothelegend,therewasakingwhohatedaminister,sohegaveawhiteelephanttotheministerforpunishment.Theministerhastotakecareofthewhiteelephant,hecouldn'tgiveittoothersorkillitbecauseit'sthekinggaveittohim.However,theappetiteofthewhiteelephantwassogreat,andtheministerbecamepoorer.Soitshowedpeopleinwesterncountrieswouldnotbuythebatteryfortheconsumershavenowillingtobuysomethinguselessbutcumbersome.

V.Open

VI.TranslatethefollowingintoEnglish

1.Tradeisoftenthe‘engine’ofgrowth.Howeveroversimplifiedthismetaphormaybe,itdoesservetounderlinetheimportanceofforeigntradeintheprocessofgrowth.Ahealthyexpansionofexportsmaynotalwaysbesufficientconditionforrapidandsustainedgrowth,butastrongpositiveassociationbetweenthetwoisclearlyundeniable.Tradeexpansioncontributestoeconomicgrowthinmanyways.Amongthemarethebenefitsofspecialization;thefavorableeffectsofinternationalcompetitionondomesticeconomicefficiency;theincreasedcapacitytopayfortheimportsrequiredindevelopmentandmoregenerallythestimulustoinvestment.

2.Internationaltradeistheexchangeofgoodsandservicesproducedinonecountryforgoodsandservicesproducedinanothercountry.Inadditiontovisibletrade,whichinvolvestheimportandexportofgoodsandmerchandise,thereisalsoinvisibletrade,whichinvolvestheexchangeofservicesbetweennations.NationssuchasGreeceandNorwayhavelargemaritimefleetsandprovidetransportationservice.Thisisakindofinvisibletrade.Invisibletradecanbeasimportanttosomenationsastheexportofrawmaterialsorcommoditiesistoothers.Inbothcases,thenationsearnthemoneytobuynecessities.

3.Thereexistdifferentwaysofconductinginternationalbusiness.Exclusivesalemeansthesellergivestheoverseasclienttheexclusiverightofsellingaparticularproductinadesignatedareawithinaspecifiedperiodoftime.Inthiskindofbusinesstransaction,theproductisboughtbytheexclusivesellerandthereforeheshouldselltheproductbyhimself,assumingsoleresponsibilitiesforhisprofit

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andloss.Exclusivesaleisdifferentfromagencywhereonlycommissionisinvolved.Anddifferenceexistsbetweengeneralcontractandexclusivesalesbecausetheexclusivesellerenjoysexclusiverightinaparticulararea.

4.Thereisnocountryintheworldthatcanproducealltheproductsitneeds.Thuscountriesjoinininternationaldivisionoflaborforeffectiveproductionandreproduction.Sometimesacountrycanbuygoodsandservicesfromabroadonabarterbasis.Bartermeansdoingbusinessbyexchanginggoodsofonesortforgoodsofanothersortwithoutusingmoney.Bartertradeitselfisnotenoughtomeatacountry’simportneeds.Butasaformofinternationaltrade,itisstillattractiveindevelopingcountrieswhereforeignexchangeisinshortsupplyandinflowofforeignfundsisfarfromsufficienttomeettheirobligationsinexternaltrade.

Unit2GeneralProceduresofExportandImportTransactionI.Answerthefollowingquestions(Omited)

II.Fillingtheblankswiththesuitablewordsinthetext:

1.meeting/satisfying;2.agent,foreign/overseas;3.commission;4.own;5.setting;6.patent;7.profits;8.outlets;9.joint,venture;10.subsidiary

III.Judgethefollowingstatement,markTrue(T)orFalse(F)

1F2.T3.F4.F5.F6.F7.T8.F9.F10.T

IV.Explainthemeaningofthewordsorphrasesbelowasrequested

1.Offer:Anofferisaproposalmadebysellerstobuyersinordertoenterintothecontract.

2.Withdrawal:Itmeansanofferbytheoffererhasbeenwithdrawnbeforeitisreachedtothe

offereeinordertopreventitsentryintoforce.

3.Enquiry:Anenquiryisarequestforbusinessinformation,suchaspricelists,catalogue,samples,anddetailsofthegoodsortradeterms.Itcanbemadeeitherbytheimporterortheexporter.

4.Acceptance:Acceptanceisastatementmadebyotherconductoftheoffereesindicatingunconditionalconsenttoanoffer.

5.Shippingagent:Shippingagent(船代）isashipowner'srepresentativewhosejobistofindtheshipstocarry.

V.Composealetterofenquirywiththefollowingparticulars:

Keys

Messrs.ArthurGreypeoplehavedevelopeddifferentskills.Thisisthefoundationofinternationaltradeandeconomicactivities.

Foreigntrade,theexchangeofgoodsbetweennations,takesplaceformanyreasons.Thefirst,asmentionedabove,isthatnonationhasallofthecommoditiesthanitneeds.Rawmaterialsarescatteredaroundtheworld.LargedepositsofcopperareminedinPeruandZaire,diamondsareminedinSouthAfrica,andpetroleumisrecoveredinMiddleEast.Countriesthatdonothavetheseresourceswithintheirownboundariesmustbuyfromcountriesthatexportthem.

Foreigntradealsooccursbecauseacountryoftendoesnothaveenoughofaparticularitemtomeetitsneeds.AlthoughtheUnitedStatesisamajorproducerofsugar,itconsumesmorethanitcanproduceinternallyandthusmustimportsugar.

Third,onenationcansellsomeitemsatalowercostthanothercountries.Japanhasbeenabletoexportlargequantitiesofradiosandtelevisionsetsbecauseitcanproducethemmoreefficientlythanothercountries.ItischeaperfortheUnitedStatestobuythesefromJapanthantoproducethemdomestically.

Finally,foreigntradetakesplacebecauseofinnovationorstyle.EventhoughtheUnitedStatesproducesmoreautomobilesthananyothercountry,itstillimportslargequantitiesofautosfromGermany,JapanandSweden,primarilybecausethereisamarketforthemintheUnitedStates.

2).Thedifferentkindsoftradenationsengag