初中英语时态详解及练习题

-.z一、一般现在时1)描述当前时间经常出现、反复发生的动作或存在的状态。在这种情景中，句子常带有表示频率的时间状语：always,everyday,often,onceaweek(month,year,etc.),sometimes,seldom,usually等等，以表示句中的动作或状态是习惯性的、经常性的。例如：Theyraiseducksasasideline.他们以养鸭为副业。Shedoesn'toftenwritetoherfamily,onlyonceamonth.她不常给家里写信，仅一月一封而已。Icycletoworkeveryday.我每天骑自行车上班。Itseldomrainshere.这儿很少下雨。2〕仅为了描述状态、性质、特征、能力等等。这里的目的是为了"描述现阶段的动作或状态"，其重点"不是强调动作发生的时间、或进展的状态"。例如：Hecanspeakfiveforeignlanguages.他能说五种外语。Shemajorsinmusic.她主修音乐。Allmyfamilylovefootball.我全家人都喜欢足球。3)述客观事实、客观真理。顾名思义，客观的情况是"没有时间概念"的；也"不会在意动作进展的状态"。例如：Thesunrisesintheeast.日出。Theearthgoesaroundthesun.地球绕着太阳转。Tenminustwoiseight.十减二等于八。TheUnitedStatesliesbythewestcoastofthePacificOcean.美国位于太平洋西岸。4)根据英文语法规定，当主句的谓语动词是一般将来时，则时间或条件状语从句的谓语动词只能用一般现在时来表示将来要发生的动作。例如：I'lltellhimthenewswhenhecomesback.他回来时，我将告诉他这个消息。Ifyoutakethejob,theywilltalkwithyouingreaterdetails.如果你承受这份工作，他们将和你谈谈细节。用于一般现在时的副词，除了上面提到的一些表示频率的以外，常见的还有：now,today,nowadays等等。1〕用动词的适当形式填空1.Ilike____________(swim).2.He_________(read)Englisheveryday.3.We_________(go)toschoolatseveninthemorning.5.Mymother________(like)______(go)shopping.6.Ican________(draw)manybeautifulpictures.9.Doeshe_________(like)_________(jump)?10.DoesNancy_________(grow)flowersonSaturday?13.Thestudent___________(speak)Englishinclass.15.Let's____________andplayfootball.(go)16.He_____________likeswimming.(not)17.I'msorry____________that.(hear)18.WangBingis____________(write)anE-mailtohisfriend.19.Hehas_____________aheadache.(get)21.__________yoursisterstudyEnglishatschool?No,she__________.(do)23.Why__________Tomabsenttoday?(be)3〕写出以下动词的相应形式1.第三人称单数：wash_________match_______guess______study______finish_________go________snow______carry_________2.写出以下动词的过去式：stop______see________drive________let_______carry______keep_____join______find_______think________teach______catch______3.写出以下动词的现在分词形式：stay_______begin______forget_______forget______lie________die_______run_______prefer______give________ring_______dance______hope_______II.用所给动词的适当形式填空：1．I________(write)toyouassoonasI_______(get)toLondon.2.Hedoean'tfeelwelland____________(noteat)anyfoodthismorning.3.He______not_______(see)mecomein,forhe___________(read)somethingwithgreatinterest.4.I_________(l;et)youhavethebookassoonasI_________(finish)it.5.Whilewe________(wait)forourteacher,alittleboy________(run)uptous.6.Don'tmakeaniose.Grandpa__________(sleep).7.It'ssevennow,Tom'sfamily__________(watch)TV.8.It________(take)metwohourstofinishmyhomeworklastnight.9.What______yourmother_______(do)ateightyesterdayevening?She_______(wash)clothes.10._______it______(rain)whenschoolwasoveryesterday?11.What_______(do)_______tomorrow?We________(play)football.12.There________(be)afootballmatchonTVthisevening.13.Theysaidthey________(visit)theGreatWallthene*tsummerholiday.14.Who_______(dance)thebestinyourclass?15.Willyoucomeifhe_____________(notcome)?16.Theteachertoldustheearth__________(move)roundthesun.17She________(buy)asweateryesterday.18.They_______(have)apartyinthegardenifit________(notrain)tomorrow.19.Idon'tknowifMr.Wang______(go)toShanghaitomorrow.Ifhe_____(go),I______(ask)him_______(take)somebookstomydaughter,becauseshe_______(study)there.III单项选择：1.ThestudentswillgototheSummerPalaceifit_____tomorrow.A.don'trainB.doesn'trainC.won'train2.There_____anEnglishfilmne*tweek.A.willhaveB.isgoingtohaveC.isgoingtobeD.wasgoingtobe3.Thepicture_______nice.A.looksB.islookedC.lookD.islooking4.She______downandsoonfellasleep.A.liveB.lainC.laidD.lay5.They_____theofficeatnineyesterdaymorning.A.reachedtoB.arrivedC.wentD.getto6.WeshallgotoShanghaionbusinessbeforeyou_____backne*tweek.A.wilcomeB.cameC.wouldcomeD.come7.Don'tsmokeuntiltheplane______off.A.takesB.tookC.wastakenD.istake8.Isawher____theroomthismorning.A.toenterB.enteredC.enterD.enters9.theteacheraskedus______toschoolontime.A.tocomeBingCeDes10.Johnisalways______others.A.helpB.helpingC.helpsD.tohelp11.Hetoldus______ateight.A.workingB.toworkC.workD.worked12.You'dbetter______athomeand______yourhomework.A.tostay,doB.stay,doC.tostay,todoD.stay,todo13.Hesatdown______arest.A.havingB.haveC.tohaveD.had14.UncleWangknows_______awashingmachine.A.howtomakeB.tomakeC.howmakingD.whattomake15.Jimdecided_______PollytoLingFengwhenhewasbacktoEngland.A.toleaveB.leftC.leavingD.leave二、一般过去时主要是用来描述在过去*个时候发生的动作或存在的状态。它也可以用来表示在过去*段时间里经常发生的习惯性动作。这一点在表达意义上与一般现在时一样，只是所在的时间区域不同而已。由于它的主要作用如此，所以在使用一般过去时的句子里常常有一个意义较具体的过去时间状语。这也是它与现在完成时的最大区别之一。一般过去时由谓语动词的过去式表示，也就是说动词词末要加-ed〔除不规则动词外〕。常和一般过去时连用的过去时间状语有：lastnight(week,month,year,century,etc.),yesterday,thedaybeforeyesterday,yesterdaymorning(afternoon,evening),in1999,twohoursago(oneweekago,treeyearsago,…)等等。使用一般过去时，在*种意义上说就是要强调动作或状态发生或存在于过去的*个时候。"过去"的时间概念有两层意思：一是指"现在*个时间"以前的时间；二是指"说话、写文章的那个时间点"以前的时间，在这个意义上，"现在的那个时间点"是很小很小的，甚至于小到无法量化的程度。例如：Hegothisdrivinglicenselastmonth.他上个月拿到了驾照。--Where'sJim?吉姆在哪里.--Hejustwentout.他刚刚出去。一、写出以下动词的过去式is\am________fly_______plant________are________drink________play_______do_____go_______make________does________dance________worry________ask_____pass______taste_________eat__________draw________put______throw________kick_________二、用be动词的适当形式填空1.I______anEnglishteachernow.2.She_______happyyesterday.3.They_______gladtoseeeachotherlastmonth.4.HelenandNancy________goodfriends.5.Thelittledog_____twoyearsoldthisyear.6.Look,there________lotsofgrapeshere.7.There________asignonthechaironMonday.8.Today_____thesecondofJune.Yesterday______thefirstofJune.It_____Children'sDay.Allthestudents______verye*cited.三、句型变换1Therewasacarinfrontofthehousejustnow.否认句：__________________________________________________________一般疑问句：__________________________________________________________肯定答复：__________________________________________________________否认答复：__________________________________________________________2Theyplayedfootballintheplayground.否认句：__________________________________________________________一般疑问句：__________________________________________________________肯定答复：__________________________________________________________否认答复：__________________________________________________________四、用所给动词的适当形式填空1.I______(watch)acartoononSaturday.2.Herfather_______(read)anewspaperlastnight.3.We_________tozooyesterday,we_____tothepark.(go)4.______you_______(visit)yourrelativeslastSpringFestival?5.______he_______(fly)akiteonSunday?Yes,he______.7.I____________(sweep)theflooryesterday,butmymother______.8.What_________she_________(find)inthegardenlastmorning?She_________(find)abeautifulbutterfly.9.It_________(be)Ben'sbirthdaylastFriday13.Shelikes_________newspapers,butshe_________abookyesterday.(read)14.He_______footballnow,butthey_______basketballjustnow.(play)15.Jim'smother_________(plant)treesjustnow.16._______they________(sweep)theflooronSunday?No,they_________.19.It____(be)the2ndofNovemberyesterday.MrWhite___(go)tohisofficebycar.20.GaoShan________(put)thebookonhisheadamomentago.21.Don't______thehouse.Mum_______ityesterday.(clean)22.What_________you______justnow?I_______somehousework.(do)24.Iwantto______apples.Butmydad_______allofthemlastmonth.(pick)25._______he______theflowersthismorning?Yes,he_____.(water)26.She____(be)aprettygirl.Look,she_____(do)Chinesedances.27.Thestudentsoften_________(draw)somepicturesintheartroom.28.What______Mikedoonthefarm?He________cows.(milk)五、句型转换1、Lucydidherhomeworkathome.〔改否认句〕Lucy______________________herhomeworkathome.2、Hefoundsomemeatinthefridge〔冰箱〕.〔变一般疑问句)___________he_____________________meatinthefridge?3、Shestayedthereforaweek.〔对划线局部提问〕_______________________________she__________there?4、Therewassomeorangeinthecup.〔变一般疑问句)_________there___________orangeinthecup?六、中译英1．我的故事书刚刚还在手表旁边。2．他们的外套上个礼拜放在卧室里了。3．一会以前花园里有两只小鸟。4..格林先生去年住在中国。5.昨天我们参观了农场。6.他刚刚在找他的手机。7.我过了一个忙碌但却刺激的周末。I______________________________________e*citingweekend.8.Jenny喜欢看书。昨晚她看了一本英语书。Jennylikes___________________.She_________anEnglishbooklastnight.9.Emma每天都看电视。可是昨天他没有看。Emma__________TVeveryday.Buthe____________________yesterday.10.上周六他们做什么了.他们做作业和购物了。What________they__________________Saturday?They___________________homeworkand___________________.三、现在进展时主要用来描述“说话、写文章的当刻〞正在发生的动作，或是“现阶段〞一直在进展的动作。它适用于下面的情况：1〕“说话、写文章的当刻〞正在发生的动作。例如：Theyarehavingafootballmatch.他们正在赛足球。Sheiswritinghertermpaper.她正在写学期论文。Someoneisaskingforyouonthephone.有人找你听。2〕“现阶段〞一直在进展的动作。这种情况并不是说*个动作在说话的那会儿正在发生，而是说*个动作在当前一段时间一直在进展着，或是重复地发生着。例如：HeispreparingforCETBandSi*.他在为大学英语六级考试作准备。Howareyougettingalongwithyournewjob.你那份新工作干得怎么样.3〕表示说话人的情感，如：赞许、批评；喜欢、厌恶等。这时的动作并不是正在发生或进展，而是表示经常性，相当于“一般现在时〞所描述的情况。例如：Heisalwaysthinkingofothers,notofhimself.〔表示赞许〕他总是为他人着想，而不为自己。Sheisoftendoingwellatschool.〔表示满意〕她在学校学习挺不错的。Areyoufeelingbettertoday?〔表示亲切〕你今天觉得好一些吗.Oneofmyroommatesisconstantlyleavingthingsabout.〔表示不满〕我的一个室友老是乱扔东西。Somesellersareoftenknockingatourdoorandpromotingtheirproductstous.〔表示不喜欢〕有些推销员老是敲我家的门,向我们推销他们的产品。4〕表示在近期按方案或安排要发生的动作,用于这种情况仅限于少量的动词，如：go,come,leave,arrive,see,have,lunch(吃午饭),return,dine(进餐，尤指晚餐),work,sleep,stay,play,do,wear(穿，戴)等。例如：I'mdinningoutwithmyfriendsthisevening.今晚我将和朋友在外面吃饭。AnAmericanprofessorisgivingalecturethisafternoon.今天下午一位美国教授要来作报告。Wearehavingaholidayne*tWednesday.下周三我们放假。Areyoustayingheretillne*tweek?你要在这儿呆到下星期吗.一、写出以下动词的现在分词：play______run_________swim________make_______go________write________ski______read_____have_______sing_______dance_______see_____buy______love________live_______take_______come________get________stop________sit________begin________shop__________put______二、用所给的动词的正确形式填空：1.Theboy__________________(draw)apicturenow.2.Listen.Somegirls__________(sing)intheclassroom.3.Mymother____________(cook)somenicefoodnow.4.What_____you______(do)now?5.Look.They_____________(have)anEnglishlesson.6.They____________(not,water)theflowersnow.7.Look!thegirls____________(dance)intheclassroom.8.Whatisourgranddaughterdoing?She_________(listen)tomusic.9.It's5o'clocknow.We___________(have)suppernow10.______Helen__________(wash)clothes?Yes,sheis三、句型转换：2．Thestudentsarecleaningtheclassroom.(改一般疑问句并作肯定和否认答复)①_______________________________________________②____________________________________③_____________________________4．Tomisreadingbooksinhisstudy.(改为一般疑问句和否认句)______________________________________________________________________________________________6.Theyarenotwateringtheflowersnow.(改为肯定句)________________________________________________现在进展时态提高题一.填空题1．MrZheng_______________(read)abooknow.3..Look!TomandJohn________________(swim).4.Mybrother_________________(make)akiteinhisroomnow.8.They___________________(catch)butterfliesnow.12.Tom__________________(watch)TVinthediningroom.14.Comeon.They_________________(leave)now.17.Whereisyourmother?She________________________(answer)thephone.三、用现在进展时完成以下句子:1.What_________you__________(do)?2.I_____________(sing)anEnglishsong.3.What________he____________(mend)?4.He______________(mend)acar.5.______you__________(fly)akite?Yes,_______.6.______she___________(sit)intheboat?7.______you_____________(ask)questions?8.We_______________(play)gamesnow.四、一般将来时主要用来描述将要发生的动作或存在于未来的情况。这里所说的“将来时间〞是指“说话、写文章那一刻以后的时间〞。它的表示方法主要有如下几种：1〕shall/will+动词原形这种表示方法是说，动作在现在或目前还未发生，要在将来的*个时间发生；它没有主观性，是“纯粹的将来动作〞。例如：Ishall/willnotbefreetomorrow.我明天没空。Hewillarriveherethisevening.他今晚抵达这里。2)be(am/is/are)+going+不定式这种表示方法主要是说明A〕“说话人的意图、打算〞；B〕“*种可能性〞。例如：A)HeisgoingtospendhisholidaysinLondon.他打算在伦敦度假。Whoisgoingtospeakfirst?谁先发言.B)Itisgoingtorainsoon.马上要下雨了。Ishegoingtocollectanydataforus?他会帮我们收集资料吗.IfyougotoNewZealand,youaregoingtoliketheplace.如果你去新西兰，你会喜欢上那个地方的。3)be(am/is/are)+不定式表示方法描述两钟情况：按方案安排要发生的动作，这个动作发生的时间一般不会很远；要求或命令他人做*事。例如：A)Thenewbridgeistoopentotrafficinthreedays.新桥三天后通车。ThefactoryistogointoproductionbeforeNationalDay.这家工厂国庆节前投产。B)Youarenottobringanymobilecommunicationmeansintothee*am-room.任何移动通讯工具都不得带入考场。Youaretostayhomeuntilyourmothercomesback.你妈回来之前你不要出去。4)用一般现在时或现在进展时〔限于*些动词〕表示按方案安排要发生的事。主要强调“按方案安排要发生的事〞。例如：Doyougetoffatthene*tstop?你下一站下车吗.Theplanetakesoffat11:00a.m.那架飞机上午十一点起飞。Mr.ReiderisleavingforNewYorkne*tweek.里德先生下周动身去纽约。一、单项选择()1.There__________ameetingtomorrowafternoon.A.willbegoingtoB.willgoingtobeC.isgoingtobeD.willgotobe()2.Charlie________herene*tmonth.A.isn'tworkingB.doesn'tworkingC.isn'tgoingtoworkingD.won'twork()3.He________verybusythisweek,he________freene*tweek.A.willbe;isB.is;isC.willbe;willbeD.is;willbe()4.There________adolphinshowinthezootomorrowevening.A.wasB.isgoingtohaveC.willhaveD.isgoingtobe()5.-_____you______freetomorrow?-No.I_____freethedayaftertomorrow.A.Are;goingto;willB.Are;goingtobe;willC.Are;goingto;willbeD.Are;goingtobe;willbe()6.Mother________meanicepresentonmyne*tbirthday.A.willgivesB.willgiveC.givesD.give()7.-ShallIbuyacupofteaforyou?-________.〔不，不要。〕A.No,youwon't.B.No,youaren't.C.No,pleasedon't.D.No,please.()8.-Whereisthemorningpaper?-I________ifforyouatonce.A.getB.amgettingC.togetD.willget()9.________aconcertne*tSaturday?A.TherewillbeB.WilltherebeC.TherecanbeD.Thereare()10.Iftheycome,we________ameeting.A.haveB.willhaveC.hadD.wouldhave()11.He________herabeautifulhatonherne*tbirthday.A.givesB.gaveC.willgivingD.isgoingtogiving()12.He________tousassoonashegetsthere.A.writesB.haswrittenC.willwriteD.wrote()13.He________inthreedays.A.comingbackB.camebackC.willcomebackD.isgoingtocomingback()14.Ifit________tomorrow,we'llgoroller-skating.A.isn'trainB.won'trainC.doesn'trainD.doesn'tfine()15.-WillhisparentsgotoseetheTerraCottaWarriorstomorrow?-No,________〔不去〕.A.theywilln't.B.theywon't.C.theyaren't.D.theydon't.()16.Who________we________swimmingwithtomorrowafternoon?A.will;goB.do;goC.will;goingD.shall;go()17.We________theworkthiswayne*ttime.A.doB.willdoC.goingtodoD.willdoing()18.Tomorrowhe___akiteintheopenairfirst,andthen____boatinginthepark.A.willfly;willgoB.willfly;goesC.isgoingtofly;willgoesD.flies;willgo()19.Thedayaftertomorrowthey________avolleyballmatch.A.willwatchingB.watchesC.iswatchingD.isgoingtowatch()20.There________abirthdaypartythisSunday.A.shallbeB.willbeC.shallgoingtobeD.willgoingtobe()21.They________anEnglisheveningne*tSunday.A.arehavingB.aregoingtohaveC.willhavingD.isgoingtohave()22.________you________freene*tSunday?A.Will;areB.Will;beC.Do;beD.Are;be()23.He__