2020-2021学年上海浦东新区高一下英语期中考试卷-含答案

Ⅱ.GrammarandVocabularySectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperfromofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.Doyoudrinkalotofcoffee?SomanypeopleseeitaspartoftheirdailylifethatitinspiredanexpressioninEnglish:Wakeupandsmellthecoffee!Ireadtheotherdaythatcoffee(21)________(contain)caffeineistheplanet’smostpopularpsychoactivedrug”AnexampleistheUnitedStates,(22)________morethan90%ofadultsareestimatedtouseiteveryday.Publichealthorganisationsareconcernedaboutgettingcaffeine（咖啡因）(23)________(add)toproductssuchasenergydrinksandchewinggum.ProfessorLynneGoldmansaysthatmanypeopledon’tknow(24)________________caffeinetheyaretaking.Asaresult,theycouldhaveinsomnia（失眠症）,indigestionorhighbloodpressure.But(25)________youareacoffeeloverlikeme,youshouldn’tbeafraidbecauseinmoderation,caffeine(26)________havesomepositiveeffects.AstudyintheAmericanJournalofClimicalNutestipn（美国临床营养学杂志）linked(27)________(drink)coffeeandteawithalowerriskofdiabetesthandrinkingjuice.AndsomefamouspeoplesuchasFrenchnovelistandplaywrightHonoredeBalzacandGermancomposerLudwigvanBeethovenaresaid(28)________(like)italot,believingthatcoffeehascreativepowers.Whenalive,Americanfilm-makerDavidLynch(29)________(eat)atthesameLosAngelesdinereverydayforseveryears.Hedrankuptosevencupsofcoffeewithlotsofsugareverytime,(30)________hesaidwouldguaranteehim“lotsofideas.”Whataboutyou?Doescoffeefillyouwithideas?Isitanimportantpartofyoursociallife?SectionBDirections:Fillineachblankwithaproperwordchosenfromthebox.Eachwordcanbeusedonlyonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.pronunciationB.forcedC.dominantD.vocabularyE.nativeF.commonlyG.printingH.challengeI.developedJ.alikeK.faithfullyAShortHistoryoftheOriginsandDevelopmentofEnglishThehistoryoftheEnglishlanguagereallystaredwiththearrivalofthreeGermanictribeswhoinvadedBritainduringthe5thcenturyAD.ThesegroupsofpeopleweretheAngels,theSaxonsandtheJutes.TheycrossedtheNorthSeafromDenmarkandGermany.Atthattimethe__31__peopleofBritainspokeaCelticlanguage.ButmoreoftheCelticspeakerswere__32__westandnorthbytheinvadersintoWales,ScotlandandIreland.TheAnglescamefrom“England”andtheirlanguagewascalled“Englisc”,fromwhichthewords“England”and“English”__33__.OldEnglish(450-1100AD)TheinvadingGermanictribesspokelanguages__34__,whichinBritaindevelopedintoOldEnglish.OldEnglishdidn’tsoundorlooklikeEnglishtoday.However,abouthalfofthemost__35__usedwordsinModernEnglishhaveOldEnglishroots.Thewordsbe,strongandwater,forexample,comefromOldEnglish.MiddleEnglish(1100-1500)In1066,WilliamtheConquerorinvadedandconqueredEngland.Foraperiodinthehistory,thelowerclassesspokeEnglishandtheupperclassesspokeFrench.Inthe14thcenturyEnglishbecame__36__inBritainagain,butwithmanyFrenchwordsadded.ThislanguageiscalledMiddleEnglish.ItwasthelanguageofthegreatpoetChaucer(1340-1400),butitwouldstillbea(n)__37__fornativeEnglishspeakerstounderstandtoday.ModernEnglishEarlyModernEnglish(1500-1800)TowardstheendofMiddleEnglish,asuddenchangein__38__started,withvowelspronouncedshorterandshorter.Fromthe16thcenturytheBritishhadcontactwithmanypeoplesfromaroundtheworld.Manynewwordsandphrasesenteredthelanguage.Also,theinventionof__39__broughtstandardizationtoEnglish.Spellingandgrammarbecamefixed,andthedialectofLondonbecamethestandard.LateModernEnglish(1800-Present)ThemaindifferencebetweenEarlyModernEnglishandLateModernEnglishis__40__.LateModernEnglishhasmanymorewords,resultingfromtwomajorfactors;firstly,theIndustrialRevolutioncreatedaneedfornewword:secondly,theEnglishlanguageadopterforeignwordsfrommanycountries.Ⅲ.ReadingComprehensionSectionADirections:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.Howoftendoyoureadanewspaper?About10millionpeoplereadoneeverydayintheUK.Themostpopularnewspapersarethetabloids（小报）,whicharefullofcelebritynewsandgossip.Butwheredothe__41__forthesepapersgettheirstories?Simple!Somehavebeen__42__thelaw!They’vebeendoingthisbyhacking（非法侵入）intopeople’smobilephonesandstealing__43__information.Thepolicefoundoutaboutthisbackin2005.Atthetime,reportersworkingonTheNewsofTheWorldwereaccusedofhackingthephonesofmembersofthe__44__familyandotherfamouspeople.Butitsoonbecameclearthatothercelebritieswerealso__45__,.TheyincludeauthorJ.K.Rowling,actorHughGraniandactressSiennaMiller.Asaresult,DavidCameron(theBritishPrimeMinister)announcedthattherewouldbeaninquiryintothe__46__.LordJusticeLeveson,aleadingEnglishjudge,wasappointedtoleadtheinquiry.Hesaid,“Thepressprovidesanessentialcheckonallaspectsofpubliclife.That’swhyany__47__withinthemediaaffectsallofus.Attheheartofthisinquirymaybeonesimplequestion:whoguardstheguardians?”Theinquiryisfocusingonthreemajorareas:The__48__betweenthepressand1.......thepublic.2.......thepolice3.......politicians.Thebigquestionis,what__49__aregoingtobemadeasaresultoftheinquiry?Defendersoffreedomofthepressareworriedthatjournalistswon’tbeallowedtoinvestigate__50__,andthatnewlawswillbeintroducedto__51__whattheycanandcan’tdo.Atpresent,journalistsoftenusesecrettechniquestogetaninterestingstory.Thesetechniquesincludemaking__52__recordingsanddeception（骗术）,suchaspretendingtobesomeoneelseinordertogainentryintoanorganisation.__53__,in1887,reporterEluabethpretendedtobecrazysoshecouldgetcheckedintoa__54__institution.Herreportontheinstitution.TenDaysinaMad-House,ledtochangesinthetreatmentofmentalpatients.Andin2011,journalistssecretlyrecordedFIFAmembersofferingtoselltheirvotestohosttheWorldCup.Asaresult,they__55__aseriouscaseofcorruption（腐败）.Willactionssuchasthesenowbebanned?We’llhavetowaitandsee!41.A.readersB.celebritiesC.detectivesD.journalists42.A.introducingB.breakingC.adaptingD.studying43.A.basicB.high-techC.privateD.illegal44.A.royalB.nuclearC.parentalD.ordinary45.A.hackersB.victimsC.suspectsD.supporters46.A.pressB.phonesC.internetD.movies47.A.emotionB.escapeC.accusationD.failure48.A.gapB.differenceC.relationshipD.talk49.A.agreementsB.impressionsC.errorsD.changes50.A.publiclyB.freelyC.deeplyD.orally51.A.limitB.denyC.publishD.trace52.A.technicalB.secretC.freeD.false53.A.HoweverB.AsaresultC.InadditionD.Forexample54.A.publicB.mediaC.mentalD.academic55.A.uncoveredB.sentencedC.preventedD.plannedSectionBDirections:Readthefollowingthreepassage.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.(A)TravelWise:SaPa,VietnamWhygonowRestaurantsandhotelshavebeenopeningatafastpaceinSaPa,inpartbecauseanewhighwayconnectingthenearbycityofLaoCaitoHanoiopenedin2014.ButmuchofthenationalparkthatisvisiblefromSaParemainsaswildandbeautifulasever.WhattoknowVietnamdoesnotoffervisasonarrivaltoAmericans.ApplyonlineorinpersonatthenearestVietnameseembassyorconsulate（大使馆）.GettingthereSaPaiseasilyaccessiblebybusortrainfromHanoi.Sleeperbusservicetakesatleastsixhourseachway,andround-tripticketscostabout$40.Round-tripfaresonanovernightsleepertrain,eighthoursaday,beginatabout$50.Aprivatecabininthetrain’sluxurysleepercarcosts$200to$400fortwo.NottomissMountainFansipanManySaPa-basedtravelagenciesoffermulti-dayhikingtourstoFansipan,Vietnam’shighestmountainandtheprimaryattractioninHoangLienNationalPark.There'salsoacablecarfromSaPatoFansipan'speak.Around-tripticketcosts$30.WeekendmarketsThevillagesofCanCauandBacHa,bothafewhours'drivefromSaPa,hostweekendmarketsandsellinglivestock,produce,andmore.LocaldishesInopen-airrestaurantsaroundSaPaLake,onepopulardishishotpotservedwithfreshsalmon（鲑鱼）raisedinlocalmountainstreams.Anotherisaplateofcrispy,friedriverfishcalledeasuoi.56.WhatisthechangebroughttoSaPaafterthenewhighwayopenedin2014?A.Thenationalparkisnotasbeautifulasbefore.B.SaPaislosingitspopularity.C.ThenumberofrestaurantsandhotelsinSaPaisincreasing.D.It'sbecominghardertogettothenationalparkfromSaPa.57.Whatmightbethepriceifacouplewanttogetaseparateroomonaround-tripsleepertrain?A.$50B.$100C.$150.D.$200.58.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEabouttravelingtoSaPa?A.FromSaPa,youcannotgettoFansipan'speakdirectly.B.TouristsfromAmericacangettheirvisasthemomenttheyarriveinVietnam.C.YoucanhaveatasteoflocaldisheswhileenjoyingthebeautifulsceneryofSaPaLake.D.Therearemarketssellinglivestock,produceandmoreinnearbyvillagesduringtheweek.(B)Globalizationhassignificantlyinfluencedfoodconsumptioninmostpartsoftheworld,butonecountrywhosefoodhasalonghistoryofbeing'globalized'isItaly.Ifyouwalkdownanymainstreetinanymajorworldcity,youwillfindatleastoneItalianrestaurant.Furthermore,Italyhasseenchangesinitsowneatinghabitsduetoinfluencefromothercountries.FoodhasalwaysbeenveryimportantforItalianfamilies.Italianstakealotofprideinthemakingandpreparationoffood.Untilrecently,pasta-abasicItalianfood--wouldhavebeenmadebypeopleintheirlocalarea.Familieswouldalsohavemadethesaucestoeatwiththepastaathome.Inaddition,people'sopportunitytoexperimentwithforeignfoodwasverylimited,sinceonlypizzaandpastawereavailableinthelocaltownsquare.Nowadays,however,Italianeatinghabitsappeartohavechanged.Peoplenolongerspendsomuchtimepreparingtheirmeals.Indeed,frozenortakeawayItalianmealshavebecomeverypopularinItaly.Furthermore,driedpastaisnowmass-producedandissoldrelativelycheaplyinthesupermarkets.Ready-madepastasaucesarealsoincreasinglypopular-saleshavedoubledinthelastfiveyears,accordingtoonemanufacturer.AnotherimportantchangeinItalianeatinghabitsistheincreasingpopularityofforeigncuisine（烹饪）,especiallyIndian,ChineseandJapanesefoods.ThistrendismorecommoninurbanareassuchasRome,MilanandVenice,althoughmanysmallertownsarealsoexperiencingsimilarchanges.Thesechangeshavebothadvantagesanddisadvantages.Ontheplusside,globalizationhasincreasedtherangeoffoodavailableinItaly.Italiansnowhavemuchmorechoiceintermsofwhattheyeat.Theyalsodonotneedtospendsolongpreparingandmakingfood,unlessofcoursetheywantto.Incontrast,itcanbearguedthatlargerestaurantchainsarebecomingincreasinglypowerful,resultinginthedestructionoflocalandnationalspecialities.Consequently,manyItaliansworrythattheyarelosingtheirsenseofnationality,asforeignfoodbecomesmorecommon.Insummary,globalizationhashadasignificantinfluenceonthewaythatItalianseat.Conveniencefoodshavereplacedmanyofthetraditionalhome-cookedmeals,andtheavailabilityofforeignfoodshasgreatlyincreased.WhilethisextrachoiceiswelcomedbysomeothersfearthedamageitmaycausetoItaliantraditions.PossiblytheglobalpopularityofItalianfoodwillensurethatitsurvives.59.AllthefollowingshowsthatItalianeatinghabitshavechangedEXCEPTthat________.A.ItalianpeopleincreasinglyrelyonfrozenortakeawayItalianfoodB.driedpastaisproducedinlargequantitiesandpricedlowerC.foodfromothercountrieshasfloodedontoItaliantablesD.Italianfoodhaslongbeenonthemenusofforeignrestaurants60.ManyItaliansareconcernedthat________.A.therearelimitedfoodchoicesinItalyB.ItalianpeoplearelosinginterestinmakingfoodC.internationalfoodchainsmaydestroyItalianfoodtraditionsD.Italianfoodisbecominglesspowerfulininternationalmarkets61.Whocanbethetargetreadersofthisessay?A.PeoplewhoareexpertsinItalianfood.B.Peoplewhohaveageneralinterestinfood.C.PeoplewhowanttovisitEuropeonholidayD.Peoplewhodenythebenefitsofglobalization62.Theauthor'smainintentioninwritingthisessayistoshowthat________.A.globalizationhasdamagedItaliancultureB.globalizationhascausedtroubletosomecountriesC.globalizationhasfundamentallychangedItalianfoodD.globalizationhasmadealargelypositiveimpactonItalianfoodSectionCDirections:Readthefollowingpassage.Fillineachblankwithapropersentencegiveninthebox.Eachsentencecanbeusedonlyonce.Notethattherearetwomoresentencesthanyouneed.A.Itmaysoundlikeaprettyinterestingjob.B.Butinfactshe'sundercover,secretlytestingthehotel.C."Inbighotels,thatcanbealotofwork,"sheexplains.D.That'salsowhyshedoesn'twanttobenamedinthisarticle.E.Reviewsfromordinaryguestshavebecomemoreimportant.F.Shealsocheckstoseeiftheplaygroundisintheshadeandassessesthequalityofthefood.WhatIt'sLiketoBeaHotelTesterAwomanarrivesalonetostayatahotel.Shesitsbythepoolandlaterorderroomservice.Thehotelstaffassumeshe'sonholiday.________63________ThisparticularhoteltesterisonasecretmissioninGranCannria,Spain,checkingtheLasPalmmashotel'sstandardofservice."Icantryeverythinghere,"shesays.Butwhatsoundslikegoingonholidayforalivingisactuallyhardwork.There'salistof2,500questionsthathavetobeaddressedbeforesheleavesthehotel.It'svitaltomaintainheranonymity（匿名）toensureshe'snotgivenspecialtreatmentbythehotelstaff.________64________.Shelooksatthingslikethestaff'slevelofhelpfulness,thecleanlinessintherooms,andevensmallthingslikewhetherthetoiletpaperisfoldedneatly________65________"Atthestartitwasdifficulttorememberallthequestions,"shesays.Afterallshecan'tbringthelistwithhertothepoolsoshehastomemoriseit.Everydayshechecksadifferentpartofthehotelandsometimestakesphotos.Thenshewritesadetailedreport,includingeverythingpositiveandnegativeshehasencountered.________66________However,it'saprofessionthatcouldbeonitswayout.Onehoteltester,Mic