土木工程英语证书(PEC)考试-结构力学词汇

土木工程英语证书(PEC)考试-构造力学词汇构造力学structuralmechanics构造分析structuralanalysis构造动力学structuraldynamics拱Arch三铰拱three-hingedarch抛物线拱parabolicarch圆拱circulararch穹顶Dome空间构造spacestructure空间桁架spacetruss雪载[荷]snowload风载[荷]windload土压力earthpressure地震载荷earthquakeloading弹簧支座springsupport支座位移supportdisplacement支座沉降supportsettlement超静定次数degreeofindeterminacy机动分析kinematicanalysis结点法methodofjoints截面法methodofsections结点力jointforces共轭位移conjugatedisplacement影响线influenceline三弯矩方程three-momentequation单位虚力unitvirtualforce刚度系数stiffnesscoefficient柔度系数flexibilitycoefficient力矩分派momentdistribution力矩分派法momentdistributionmethod力矩再分派momentredistribution分派系数distributionfactor矩阵位移法matridisplacementmethod单元刚度矩阵elementstiffnessmatrix单元应变矩阵elementstrainmatrix总体坐标globalcoordinates贝蒂定理Bettitheorem高斯--若尔当消去法Gauss-JordaneliminationMethod屈曲模态bucklingmode复合材料力学mechanicsofcomposites复合材料compositematerial纤维复合材料fibrouscomposite单向复合材料unidirectionalcomposite泡沫复合材料foamedcomposite颗粒复合材料particulatecomposite层板Laminate夹层板sandwichpanel正交层板cross-plylaminate斜交层板angle-plylaminate层片Ply多胞固体cellularsolid膨胀Expansion压实Debulk劣化Degradation脱层Delamination脱粘Debond纤维应力fiberstress层应力plystress层应变plystrain层间应力interlaminarstress比强度specificstrength强度折减系数strengthreductionfactor强度应力比strength-stressratio横向剪切模量transverseshearmodulus横观各向同性transverseisotropy正交各向异Orthotropy剪滞分析shearlaganalysis短纤维choppedfiber长纤维continuousfiber纤维方向fiberdirection纤维断裂fiberbreak纤维拔脱fiberpull-out纤维增强fiberreinforcement致密化Densification最小重量设计optimumweightdesign网格分析法nettinganalysis混合律ruleofmixture失效准则failurecriterion蔡--吴失效准则Tsai-Wufailurecriterion达格代尔模型Dugdalemodel断裂力学fracturemechanics概率断裂力学probabilisticfractureMechanics格里菲思理论Griffiththeory线弹性断裂力学linearelasticfracturemechanics,LEFM弹塑性断裂力学elastic-plasticfracturemecha-nics,EPFM断裂Fracture脆性断裂brittlefracture解理断裂cleavagefracture蠕变断裂creepfracture延性断裂ductilefracture晶间断裂inter-granularfracture准解理断裂quasi-cleavagefracture穿晶断裂trans-granularfracture裂纹Crack裂缝Flaw缺陷Defect割缝Slit微裂纹Microcrack折裂Kink椭圆裂纹ellipticalcrack深埋裂纹embeddedcrack[钱]币状裂纹penny-shapecrack预制裂纹Precrack短裂纹shortcrack表面裂纹surfacecrack裂纹钝化crackblunting裂纹分叉crackbranching裂纹闭合crackclosure裂纹前缘crackfront裂纹嘴crackmouth裂纹张开角crackopeningangle,COA裂纹张开位移crackopeningdisplacement,COD裂纹阻力crackresistance裂纹面cracksurface裂纹尖端cracktip裂尖张角cracktipopeningangle,CTOA裂尖张开位移cracktipopeningdisplacement,CTOD裂尖奇异场cracktipsingularityField裂纹扩展速率crackgrowthrate稳定裂纹扩展stablecrackgrowth定常裂纹扩展steadycrackgrowth亚临界裂纹扩展subcriticalcrackgrowth裂纹[扩展]减速crackretardation止裂crackarrest止裂韧度arresttoughness断裂类型fracturemode滑开型slidingmode张开型openingmode撕开型tearingmode复合型mixedmode扯破Tearing扯破模量tearingmodulus断裂准则fracturecriterionJ积分J-integralJ阻力曲线J-resistancecurve断裂韧度fracturetoughness应力强度因子stressintensityfactorHRR场Hutchinson-Rice-RosengrenField守恒积分conservationintegral有效应力张量effectivestresstensor应变能密度strainenergydensity能量释放率energyreleaserate内聚区cohesivezone塑性区plasticzone张拉区stretchedzone热影响区heataffectedzone,HAZ延脆转变温度brittle-ductiletransitiontemperature剪切带shearband剪切唇shearlip无损检测non-destructiveinspection双边缺口试件doubleedgenotchedspecimen,DENspecimen单边缺口试件singleedgenotchedspecimen,SENspecimen三点弯曲试件threepointbendingspecimen,TPBspecimen中心裂纹拉伸试件centercrackedtensionspecimen,CCTspecimen中心裂纹板试件centercrackedpanelspecimen,CCPspecimen紧凑拉伸试件compacttensionspecimen,CTspecimen大范围屈服largescaleyielding小范围攻屈服smallscaleyielding韦布尔分布Weibulldistribution帕里斯公式parisformula空穴化Cavitation应力腐蚀stresscorrosion概率风险鉴定probabilisticriskassessment,PRA损伤力学damagemechanics损伤Damage持续介质损伤力学continuumdamagemechanics细观损伤力学microscopicdamagemechanics累积损伤accumulateddamage脆性损伤brittledamage延性损伤ductiledamage宏观损伤macroscopicdamage细观损伤microscopicdamage微观损伤microscopicdamage损伤准则damagecriterion损伤演化方程damageevolutionequation损伤软化damagesoftening损伤强化damagestrengthening损伤张量damagetensor损伤阈值damagethreshold损伤变量damagevariable损伤矢量damagevector损伤区damagezone疲劳Fatigue低周疲劳lowcyclefatigue应力疲劳stressfatigue随机疲劳randomfatigue蠕变疲劳creepfatigue腐蚀疲劳corrosionfatigue疲劳损伤fatiguedamage疲劳失效fatiguefailure疲劳断裂fatiguefracture疲劳裂纹fatiguecrack疲劳寿命fatiguelife疲劳破坏fatiguerupture疲劳强度fatiguestrength疲劳辉纹fatiguestriations疲劳阈值fatiguethreshold交变载荷alternatingload交变应力alternatingstress应力幅值stressamplitude应变疲劳strainfatigue应力循环stresscycle应力比stressratio安全寿命safelife过载效应overloadingeffect循环硬化cyclichardening循环软化cyclicsoftening环境效应environmentaleffect裂纹片crackgage裂纹扩展crackgrowth,crackPropagation裂纹萌生crackinitiation循环比cycleratio试验应力分析experimentalstressAnalysis工作[应变]片active[strain]gage基底材料backingmaterial应力计stressgage零[点]飘移zeroshift,zerodrift应变测量strainmeasurement应变计straingage应变指示器strainindicator应变花strainrosette应变敏捷度strainsensitivity机械式应变仪mechanicalstraingage直角应变花rectangularrosette引伸仪Extensometer应变遥测telemeteringofstrain向敏捷系数transversegagefactor横向敏捷度transversesensitivity焊接式应变计weldablestraingage平衡电桥balancedbridge粘贴式应变计bondedstraingage粘贴箔式应变计bondedfoiledgage粘贴丝式应变计bondedwiregage桥路平衡bridgebalancing电容应变计capacitancestraingage赔偿片compensationtechnique赔偿技术compensationtechnique基准电桥referencebridge电阻应变计resistancestraingage温度自赔偿应变计self-temperaturecompensatinggage半导体应变计semiconductorstrainGage集流器slipring应变放大镜strainamplifier疲劳寿命计fatiguelifegage电感应变计inductance[strain]gage光[测]力学Photomechanics光弹性Photoelasticity光塑性Photoplasticity杨氏条纹Youngfringe双折射效应birefrigenteffect等位移线contourofequalDisplacement暗条纹darkfringe条纹倍增fringemultiplication干涉条纹interferencefringe等差线Isochromatic等倾线Isoclinic等和线isopachic应力光学定律stress-opticlaw主应力迹线Isostatic亮条纹lightfringe光程差opticalpathdifference热光弹性photo-thermo-elasticity光弹性贴片法photoelasticcoatingMethod光弹性夹片法photoelasticsandwichMethod动态光弹性dynamicphoto-elasticity空间滤波spatialfiltering空间频率spatialfrequency起偏镜Polarizer反射式光弹性仪reflectionpolariscope残存双折射效应residualbirefringentEffect应变条纹值strainfringevalue应变光学敏捷度strain-opticsensitivity应力冻结效应stressfreezingeffect应力条纹值stressfringevalue应力光图stress-opticpattern临时双折射效应temporarybirefringentEffect脉冲全息法pulsedholography透射式光弹性仪transmissionpolariscope实时全息干涉法real-timeholographicinterferometry网格法gridmethod全息光弹性法holo-photoelasticity全息图Hologram全息摄影Holograph全息干涉法holographicinterferometry全息云纹法holographicmoiretechnique全息术Holography全场分析法whole-fieldanalysis散斑干涉法speckleinterferometry散斑Speckle错位散斑干涉法speckle-shearinginterferometry,shearography散斑图Specklegram白光散斑法white-lightspecklemethod云纹干涉法moireinterferometry[叠栅]云纹moirefringe[叠栅]云纹法moiremethod云纹图moirepattern离面云纹法off-planemoiremethod参照栅referencegrating试件栅specimengrating分析栅analyzergrating面内云纹法in-planemoiremethod脆性涂层法brittle-coatingmethod条带法stripcoatingmethod坐标变换transformationofCoordinates计算构造力学computationalstructuralmechanics加权残量法weightedresidualmethod有限差分法finitedifferencemethod有限[单]元法finiteelementmethod配点法pointcollocation里茨法Ritzmethod广义变分原理generalizedvariationalPrinciple最小二乘法leastsquaremethod胡[海昌]一鹫津原理Hu-Washizuprinciple赫林格-赖斯纳原理Hellinger-ReissnerPrinciple修正变分原理modifiedvariationalPrinciple约束变分原理constrainedvariationalPrinciple混合法mixedmethod杂交法hybridmethod边界解法boundarysolutionmethod有限条法finitestripmethod半解析法semi-analyticalmethod协调元conformingelement非协调元non-conformingelement混合元mixedelement杂交元hybridelement边界元boundaryelement强迫边界条件forcedboundarycondition自然边界条件naturalboundarycondition离散化Discretization离散系统discretesystem持续问题continuousproblem广义位移generalizeddisplacement广义载荷generalizedload广义应变generalizedstrain广义应力generalizedstress界面变量interfacevariable节点node,nodalpoint[单]元Element角节点cornernode边节点mid-sidenode内节点internalnode无节点变量nodelessvariable杆元barelement桁架杆元trusselement梁元beamelement二维元two-dimensionalelement一维元one-dimensionalelement三维元three-dimensionalelement轴对称元axisymmetricelement板元plateelement壳元shellelement厚板元thickplateelement三角形元triangularelement四边形元quadrilateralelement四面体元tetrahedralelement曲线元curvedelement二次元quadraticelement线性元linearelement三次元cubicelement四次元quarticelement等参[数]元isoparametricelement超参数元super-parametricelement亚参数元sub-parametricelement节点数可变元variable-number-nodeelement拉格朗日元Lagrangeelement拉格朗日族Lagrangefamily巧凑边点元serendipityelement巧凑边点族serendipityfamily无限元infiniteelement单元分析elementanalysis单元特性elementcharacteristics刚度矩阵stiffnessmatrix几何矩阵geometricmatrix等效节点力equivalentnodalforce节点位移nodaldisplacement节点载荷nodalload位移矢量displacementvector载荷矢量loadvector质量矩阵massmatrix集总质量矩阵lumpedmassmatrix相容质量矩阵consistentmassmatrix阻尼矩阵dampingmatrix瑞利阻尼Rayleighdamping刚度矩阵旳组集assemblyofstiffnessMatrices载荷矢量旳组集consistentmassmatrix质量矩阵旳组集assemblyofmassmatrices单元旳组集assemblyofelements局部坐标系localcoordinatesystem局部坐标localcoordinate面积坐标areacoordinates体积坐标volumecoordinates曲线坐标curvilinearcoordinates静凝聚staticcondensation协议变换contragradienttra